CA1041165A - Storage battery with embossed porous separators - Google Patents
Storage battery with embossed porous separatorsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1041165A CA1041165A CA230,501A CA230501A CA1041165A CA 1041165 A CA1041165 A CA 1041165A CA 230501 A CA230501 A CA 230501A CA 1041165 A CA1041165 A CA 1041165A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- storage battery
- embossed
- lead
- parts
- poreless
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
Abstract
STORAGE BATTERY WITH EMBOSSED POROUS SEPARATORS
Abstract of the Disclosure This invention relates to storage batteries and more particularly to a lead-acid type storage battery. It is a lead-acid type storage battery of such construction that each positive plate is in direct contact with poreless embossed parts formed by embossing a sheet comprising microporous material and macroporous material. The result is a battery of improved performance and life that is easy to make at low cost.
Abstract of the Disclosure This invention relates to storage batteries and more particularly to a lead-acid type storage battery. It is a lead-acid type storage battery of such construction that each positive plate is in direct contact with poreless embossed parts formed by embossing a sheet comprising microporous material and macroporous material. The result is a battery of improved performance and life that is easy to make at low cost.
Description
S
This invention relates to storage batteries and more particularly to a lead-acid type storage battery.
Separators of a thickness of 0.7 to l.Omm. have been conventionally used for lead~acid type storage batteries, but in order to meet the requirements of higher performances and lighter weights, microporous membrane separators of a thickness less than 0.5mm. have been recently suggested.
However, there have been problems in that, even when microporous membrane separators are used, spacers such as glass mats also have to be used in order to provide enough electrolyte between the negative and positive plates. As a result the storage battery is still high in cost.
The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages.
~ The first object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery of high performance and long life.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery that is easy to make and low in cost.
To this end the invention consists of a lead-acid type storage battery with embossed microporous separators wherein each said separator comprises microporous material made of synthetic resin and a macroporous base material, said macroporo~s material ha~ing a thickness less than 0.5 mm and not being melted by heating during embossing, said separator having embossed parts that are poreless or substantially poreless.
The present invention can be easily understood by referring to the following drawings and description of an embodiment thereof. ~ ;
Figure 1 is a partly cut vertically sectioned side view of the embodiment. ~
:. -..:: ~ .. -
This invention relates to storage batteries and more particularly to a lead-acid type storage battery.
Separators of a thickness of 0.7 to l.Omm. have been conventionally used for lead~acid type storage batteries, but in order to meet the requirements of higher performances and lighter weights, microporous membrane separators of a thickness less than 0.5mm. have been recently suggested.
However, there have been problems in that, even when microporous membrane separators are used, spacers such as glass mats also have to be used in order to provide enough electrolyte between the negative and positive plates. As a result the storage battery is still high in cost.
The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages.
~ The first object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery of high performance and long life.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery that is easy to make and low in cost.
To this end the invention consists of a lead-acid type storage battery with embossed microporous separators wherein each said separator comprises microporous material made of synthetic resin and a macroporous base material, said macroporo~s material ha~ing a thickness less than 0.5 mm and not being melted by heating during embossing, said separator having embossed parts that are poreless or substantially poreless.
The present invention can be easily understood by referring to the following drawings and description of an embodiment thereof. ~ ;
Figure 1 is a partly cut vertically sectioned side view of the embodiment. ~
:. -..:: ~ .. -
- 2 -- `` 1¢)~11~5 ., Figure 2 is a magnified vertically sectioned side view of a part of Figure 1 showing a combination of a negative plate, microporous membrane separator and positive plate.
Figure 3 is a magnified plan view of a microporous membrane separator.
Figure 4 is a further magnified vertically sectioned view on line A-A' in Figure 3.
In the drawings, reference numeral 1 shows a storage -battery of the present embodiment, 2 represents a negative plate, 3 represents a microporous membrane separator and 4 represents a positive plate. These parts are housed in a container 5 fitted with a lid 6 as shown in Figure 1, the ~ -battery being assembled in the well known manner.
The important feature of the present invention is to apply embossed microporous separators to a storage battery.
Such a separator is made by first ma~ing a microporous membrane sheet by drying on a macroporous base a uniform solution having as its main component a synthetic resin, a solvent dissolving said synthetic resin and a non-solvent not dissolving said synthetic resin. This sheet is then embossed with heating rolls or dies to close the micropores at the tops of the embossed projections, as suggested by the solid black parts 3' in Fig. 4.
Other parts remain microporous. Such making of the tops of the embossed parts poreless or substantially poreless has the advantage of increasing the mechanical and chemical strengths and the modulus of elasticity. For example, by virtue of the elasticity of the embossed parts, a proper spacing ability can be achieved between the negative and positive plates, a proper 30 electrolyte can be held in the interior 3~ of the embossed parts and, as a result, a storage battery with a favorable _ 3 _ "
-..
1~ i5 perform~nce can be obtained.
The positive plate 4 is in direct contact with the embossed substantially poreless parts 3' formed on the separator, as shown in Figure 2. This arrangement has the advantage of obtaining a storage battery of long life by preventing oxidation and corrosion of the separator on the positive plate. In order to have the above mentioned features better understood, they shall be explained with some examples:
Example 1:
14 parts of polyvinyl chloride were dissolved in 56 -parts of solvent tetrahydrofuran and then 30 parts of non-solvent isopropyl alcohol were added to the solution to prepare a uniform synthetic resin solution. When a macroporous base material such as a polyester non-woven fabric of a thickness of 0.lmm. was impregnated in this solution and dried, a membrane sheet was obtained having per square cm. several tens of millions to several hundreds of millions of micropores of an average pore size of 0.4 micron. This microporous membrane sheet was passed between a roll at a temperature of 130C having projections of a height of 2mm. and an opposed rubber roll under a nipping pressure of 45kg./cm.2 to obtain a microporous membrane with embossed parts of a height of 0.Smm. made substantially poreless. These poreless parts of the membrane were about 25~ of the entire membrane area. The shape of the embossed parts could be varried. It was advantageous that the poreless parts be 5 to 40% of the whole. Otherwise, if they were more than 40%, the electrical resistance is noticably ~ !
increased, and if they were less than 5~, the mechanical strength of the embossed parts is noticably reduced and there is a danger of short-circuiting. Further, the electric resistance of such a microporous membrane separator was found ;
- 4 - ~
' :~, B -~ -:
; . ; ~, .. . . . . . . . . .
i . . . .. . . . .... . . . . . . .
1~41~f~5 to be very low, to the value of 0.0005~/dm ./sheet at a temperature of 25C. in dilute sulfuric acid of a specific gravity of 1.200.
When a storage battery in which the positive plate was in direct contact with the embossed parts of said separator was tested, the low temperature discharge of 150 amperes at -15C. increased by 20~ as compared with when the embossed parts were not fused and the life was about twice as long. The roll temperature was different depending on the resin to be used but was between the resin softening temperature and a temperature 30C. above it.
The synthetic resin solution to be used in the present invention is not limited to that in the above described example.
For the synthetic resin there can be used such resin as a polystyrene, heat--resistant ABS resin, polysulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene or vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer. Further, the synthetic resin, solvent and non-solvent can be properly chosen. The micropore diameter can be made as desired depending on the combination of material and solvent and drying conditions.
The macroporous base to be used in the present construction is a synthetic fiber fabric, knit or woven fabric net or glass mat of a thickness less than 0.5mm. The poreless synthetic resin becomes integral, as reinforcement for the macroporous body, increases the rigidity and serves to accurately keep the proper clearance between the positive and negative plates. If there were no macroporous base, the embossed parts would be very weak against pressure. The embossed part to be formed on the microporous membrane separator may be in the form of a diamond or dot. The form is preferably such that gases produced in the battery durino use may easily escape.
For example, a rhombic form, corrugated form, elliptic form or particularly an elliptic form having its long axis in the direction are good. The area of the poreless embossed parts is determined by taking the rigidity of the separator and the depression of the embossed parts by the plate fastening pressure into consideration and can be freely adjusted with the nipping pressure and temperature when embossing the separator.
It is not always necessary to make all the surfaces of the embossed parts poreless. In some cases, it is effective simply to make the micropores in the embossed parts smaller than in other parts. The embossed parts may be made substantially poreless not only by heating the embossing roll but alternatively by making the embossed parts with an embossing roll in advance and then heating the embossed parts. The cavities formed on the back of the embossed parts are filled with a synthetic resin so that the embossed parts may well endure the pressure between the plates and will not collapse. In applying the microporous membrane separators to storage batteries, there are many instances wherein the separators are made in the form of a bag and plates are inserted into the bag, or a stacking method is used wherein the separators are inserted one by one between the negative and positive plates.
Example 2:
Preparing a solution consisting of 2 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30 parts of silicon oxide and 50 par~s of tetrahydrofuran, and preparing a polypropylene non-woven fabric having a weight of 60 g/m2. and web thickness of 0.2 mm., and impregnating said fabric into said solution and drying, a sheet was obtained. Passing this sheet between a roll having diamond-shaped embossing projections of a height 0.8 mm. and a rubber roll with a nipping pressure of 3 kg/cm2 and at a temperature 130C, there was obtained a separator having embossed substantially poreless parts of a height 0.60mm.
.. . .
~s this ~mbo~,s~d s~parator contained inorganic substances, contraction of resin resulting from heating of the embossed parts could be prevented and the dimensional precision was high. Though the poreless area of the embossing was 15~, the distortion degree at a temperature of 80C. under a fastening pressure between the plates of 200g./cm2. was less than 0.5~ and the mechanical strength was high.
The electric resistance of the separator at 25C.
in sulfuric acid of a specific gravity of 1.240 was 0.0004~/
dm2./sheet before the embossing and 0.0005~/dm2./sheet after the embossing.
When the life of a storage battery with these separators was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, it was 305 cycles.
Example 3:
A polypropylene non-woven fabric of a weight of 50g./m . and web thickness of 0.15mm. was painted on one surface with a resin solution consisting of 20 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride and 80 parts of solvent dimethylformamide, the painting thickness was adjusted to be 0.5mm. and then the fabric was dipped in a water bath to remove the solvent and was dried. The separator obtained consiste~ of two layers of a porous layer of the polypropylene non-woven fabric of an average pore dia~eter of several tens of microns and a micro-porous layer of the polyvinylidene fluoride of an average pore diameter of 0.05 micron; and the membrane thickness was 0.12mm. When this separator was embossed in the same manner as in Example 2, the microporous layer of the polyvinylidene fluoride and the porous layer of the polypropylene non woven fabric were pressed and fused integrally together in the embossed parts and the mechanical strength increased by 25%.
.: -B :~
1~)41~S
The electric resistance of this separator was 0.0005~/dm /sheet before embossing and 0.0006Q/dm2/sheet after embossing.
~hen the life of a storage battery with these separators was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, it was 320 cycles.
Example 4:
A composition consisting of 20 parts of polypropylene resin powder, 30 parts of silicon oxide of less than 0.1 micron and 70 parts of plasticizer polyethylene glycol was uniformly mixed in a ball mill, was then put into an extruder, was melted at a temperature 175C., was then continuously extruded and molded in the form of a sheet at an extruding rate of 30g./m2. under an extruding pressure of 35kg./cm2. on a ;~
polypropylene non-woven fabric of a web thickness of O.lmm.
and weight of 40g./m2., was cooled and was then dipped in water ~ ;
to have the polyethylene glycol extracted. The separator thus ~;~ obtained was of a thickness of 0.12mm. and average pore diameter of 0.3 micron. Its electrical resistance in sulfuric acid of a specific gravity of 1.200 was 0.0006Q/dm2./sheet. When this separator was embossed in the same manner as in Example 2, the electric resistance became 0.00075~/dm2./sheet.
When the life of a storage battery with these separators was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, it was ; 293 cycles.
When a sheet obtained by extruding and molding the ¦; same composition to a sheet thickness of 0.12mm. without using the polypropylene non-woven fabric in this example and extracting the plasticizer was embossed in the same manner as 30~ in Example 2, the sheet was cracked at the projecting parts o~ the roll, had weak elasticity and could not be used as a 5~
separator. Therefore, by using the polypropylene non-woven fabric as mentioned above, good elasticity was obtained and the embossing became easy.
Needless to say various modifications are possible without deviating from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the embossed parts may be provided not only on one surface but also on both surfaces of the microporous membrane separator. There are advantages that, in such a case, diffusion of the electrolyte will improve and hence the 10 performance will improve. It is also possible to obtain a -microporous membrane separator of the present invention by forming embossed parts in advance on a macroporous base, then dipping the embossed sheet in a synthetic resin solution and drying it, or by making a microporous body and macroporous body separately in advance, compounding the two and then embossing them.
, g _.
~ .
,.~ -
Figure 3 is a magnified plan view of a microporous membrane separator.
Figure 4 is a further magnified vertically sectioned view on line A-A' in Figure 3.
In the drawings, reference numeral 1 shows a storage -battery of the present embodiment, 2 represents a negative plate, 3 represents a microporous membrane separator and 4 represents a positive plate. These parts are housed in a container 5 fitted with a lid 6 as shown in Figure 1, the ~ -battery being assembled in the well known manner.
The important feature of the present invention is to apply embossed microporous separators to a storage battery.
Such a separator is made by first ma~ing a microporous membrane sheet by drying on a macroporous base a uniform solution having as its main component a synthetic resin, a solvent dissolving said synthetic resin and a non-solvent not dissolving said synthetic resin. This sheet is then embossed with heating rolls or dies to close the micropores at the tops of the embossed projections, as suggested by the solid black parts 3' in Fig. 4.
Other parts remain microporous. Such making of the tops of the embossed parts poreless or substantially poreless has the advantage of increasing the mechanical and chemical strengths and the modulus of elasticity. For example, by virtue of the elasticity of the embossed parts, a proper spacing ability can be achieved between the negative and positive plates, a proper 30 electrolyte can be held in the interior 3~ of the embossed parts and, as a result, a storage battery with a favorable _ 3 _ "
-..
1~ i5 perform~nce can be obtained.
The positive plate 4 is in direct contact with the embossed substantially poreless parts 3' formed on the separator, as shown in Figure 2. This arrangement has the advantage of obtaining a storage battery of long life by preventing oxidation and corrosion of the separator on the positive plate. In order to have the above mentioned features better understood, they shall be explained with some examples:
Example 1:
14 parts of polyvinyl chloride were dissolved in 56 -parts of solvent tetrahydrofuran and then 30 parts of non-solvent isopropyl alcohol were added to the solution to prepare a uniform synthetic resin solution. When a macroporous base material such as a polyester non-woven fabric of a thickness of 0.lmm. was impregnated in this solution and dried, a membrane sheet was obtained having per square cm. several tens of millions to several hundreds of millions of micropores of an average pore size of 0.4 micron. This microporous membrane sheet was passed between a roll at a temperature of 130C having projections of a height of 2mm. and an opposed rubber roll under a nipping pressure of 45kg./cm.2 to obtain a microporous membrane with embossed parts of a height of 0.Smm. made substantially poreless. These poreless parts of the membrane were about 25~ of the entire membrane area. The shape of the embossed parts could be varried. It was advantageous that the poreless parts be 5 to 40% of the whole. Otherwise, if they were more than 40%, the electrical resistance is noticably ~ !
increased, and if they were less than 5~, the mechanical strength of the embossed parts is noticably reduced and there is a danger of short-circuiting. Further, the electric resistance of such a microporous membrane separator was found ;
- 4 - ~
' :~, B -~ -:
; . ; ~, .. . . . . . . . . .
i . . . .. . . . .... . . . . . . .
1~41~f~5 to be very low, to the value of 0.0005~/dm ./sheet at a temperature of 25C. in dilute sulfuric acid of a specific gravity of 1.200.
When a storage battery in which the positive plate was in direct contact with the embossed parts of said separator was tested, the low temperature discharge of 150 amperes at -15C. increased by 20~ as compared with when the embossed parts were not fused and the life was about twice as long. The roll temperature was different depending on the resin to be used but was between the resin softening temperature and a temperature 30C. above it.
The synthetic resin solution to be used in the present invention is not limited to that in the above described example.
For the synthetic resin there can be used such resin as a polystyrene, heat--resistant ABS resin, polysulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene or vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer. Further, the synthetic resin, solvent and non-solvent can be properly chosen. The micropore diameter can be made as desired depending on the combination of material and solvent and drying conditions.
The macroporous base to be used in the present construction is a synthetic fiber fabric, knit or woven fabric net or glass mat of a thickness less than 0.5mm. The poreless synthetic resin becomes integral, as reinforcement for the macroporous body, increases the rigidity and serves to accurately keep the proper clearance between the positive and negative plates. If there were no macroporous base, the embossed parts would be very weak against pressure. The embossed part to be formed on the microporous membrane separator may be in the form of a diamond or dot. The form is preferably such that gases produced in the battery durino use may easily escape.
For example, a rhombic form, corrugated form, elliptic form or particularly an elliptic form having its long axis in the direction are good. The area of the poreless embossed parts is determined by taking the rigidity of the separator and the depression of the embossed parts by the plate fastening pressure into consideration and can be freely adjusted with the nipping pressure and temperature when embossing the separator.
It is not always necessary to make all the surfaces of the embossed parts poreless. In some cases, it is effective simply to make the micropores in the embossed parts smaller than in other parts. The embossed parts may be made substantially poreless not only by heating the embossing roll but alternatively by making the embossed parts with an embossing roll in advance and then heating the embossed parts. The cavities formed on the back of the embossed parts are filled with a synthetic resin so that the embossed parts may well endure the pressure between the plates and will not collapse. In applying the microporous membrane separators to storage batteries, there are many instances wherein the separators are made in the form of a bag and plates are inserted into the bag, or a stacking method is used wherein the separators are inserted one by one between the negative and positive plates.
Example 2:
Preparing a solution consisting of 2 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30 parts of silicon oxide and 50 par~s of tetrahydrofuran, and preparing a polypropylene non-woven fabric having a weight of 60 g/m2. and web thickness of 0.2 mm., and impregnating said fabric into said solution and drying, a sheet was obtained. Passing this sheet between a roll having diamond-shaped embossing projections of a height 0.8 mm. and a rubber roll with a nipping pressure of 3 kg/cm2 and at a temperature 130C, there was obtained a separator having embossed substantially poreless parts of a height 0.60mm.
.. . .
~s this ~mbo~,s~d s~parator contained inorganic substances, contraction of resin resulting from heating of the embossed parts could be prevented and the dimensional precision was high. Though the poreless area of the embossing was 15~, the distortion degree at a temperature of 80C. under a fastening pressure between the plates of 200g./cm2. was less than 0.5~ and the mechanical strength was high.
The electric resistance of the separator at 25C.
in sulfuric acid of a specific gravity of 1.240 was 0.0004~/
dm2./sheet before the embossing and 0.0005~/dm2./sheet after the embossing.
When the life of a storage battery with these separators was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, it was 305 cycles.
Example 3:
A polypropylene non-woven fabric of a weight of 50g./m . and web thickness of 0.15mm. was painted on one surface with a resin solution consisting of 20 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride and 80 parts of solvent dimethylformamide, the painting thickness was adjusted to be 0.5mm. and then the fabric was dipped in a water bath to remove the solvent and was dried. The separator obtained consiste~ of two layers of a porous layer of the polypropylene non-woven fabric of an average pore dia~eter of several tens of microns and a micro-porous layer of the polyvinylidene fluoride of an average pore diameter of 0.05 micron; and the membrane thickness was 0.12mm. When this separator was embossed in the same manner as in Example 2, the microporous layer of the polyvinylidene fluoride and the porous layer of the polypropylene non woven fabric were pressed and fused integrally together in the embossed parts and the mechanical strength increased by 25%.
.: -B :~
1~)41~S
The electric resistance of this separator was 0.0005~/dm /sheet before embossing and 0.0006Q/dm2/sheet after embossing.
~hen the life of a storage battery with these separators was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, it was 320 cycles.
Example 4:
A composition consisting of 20 parts of polypropylene resin powder, 30 parts of silicon oxide of less than 0.1 micron and 70 parts of plasticizer polyethylene glycol was uniformly mixed in a ball mill, was then put into an extruder, was melted at a temperature 175C., was then continuously extruded and molded in the form of a sheet at an extruding rate of 30g./m2. under an extruding pressure of 35kg./cm2. on a ;~
polypropylene non-woven fabric of a web thickness of O.lmm.
and weight of 40g./m2., was cooled and was then dipped in water ~ ;
to have the polyethylene glycol extracted. The separator thus ~;~ obtained was of a thickness of 0.12mm. and average pore diameter of 0.3 micron. Its electrical resistance in sulfuric acid of a specific gravity of 1.200 was 0.0006Q/dm2./sheet. When this separator was embossed in the same manner as in Example 2, the electric resistance became 0.00075~/dm2./sheet.
When the life of a storage battery with these separators was tested in the same manner as in Example 1, it was ; 293 cycles.
When a sheet obtained by extruding and molding the ¦; same composition to a sheet thickness of 0.12mm. without using the polypropylene non-woven fabric in this example and extracting the plasticizer was embossed in the same manner as 30~ in Example 2, the sheet was cracked at the projecting parts o~ the roll, had weak elasticity and could not be used as a 5~
separator. Therefore, by using the polypropylene non-woven fabric as mentioned above, good elasticity was obtained and the embossing became easy.
Needless to say various modifications are possible without deviating from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the embossed parts may be provided not only on one surface but also on both surfaces of the microporous membrane separator. There are advantages that, in such a case, diffusion of the electrolyte will improve and hence the 10 performance will improve. It is also possible to obtain a -microporous membrane separator of the present invention by forming embossed parts in advance on a macroporous base, then dipping the embossed sheet in a synthetic resin solution and drying it, or by making a microporous body and macroporous body separately in advance, compounding the two and then embossing them.
, g _.
~ .
,.~ -
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A lead-acid type storage battery with embossed microporous separators wherein each said separator comprises microporous material made of synthetic resin and a macroporous base material, said macroporous material having a thickness less than 0.5 mm and not being melted by heating during embossing, said separator having embossed parts that are poreless or substantially poreless.
2. A lead-acid type storage battery according to claim 1 wherein the surface area of poreless or substantially poreless embossed parts is in a range of 5 to 40% of the whole.
3. A lead-acid type storage battery according to claim 1 wherein said microporous material contains inorganic substances.
4. A lead-acid type storage battery according to claim 1 wherein said synthetic resin of microporous material is at least one material selected from the group consisting of poly-vinyl chloride, polystyrene, heat-resistant ABS, polysulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene and vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer.
5. A lead-acid type storage battery according to claim 1 wherein cavities behind the embossed parts are filled with a synthetic resin.
6. A lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1 wherein said microporous separators are arranged between negative and positive plates with the embossed parts in direct contact with the positive plates.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP49079916A JPS519228A (en) | 1974-07-11 | 1974-07-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1041165A true CA1041165A (en) | 1978-10-24 |
Family
ID=13703606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA230,501A Expired CA1041165A (en) | 1974-07-11 | 1975-06-30 | Storage battery with embossed porous separators |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS519228A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1041165A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1510336A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5051157A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1991-09-24 | University Of Victoria | Spacer for an electrochemical apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4403024A (en) | 1982-01-11 | 1983-09-06 | W. R. Grace & Co. | Battery separator |
| JPS62240277A (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1987-10-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Controller for elevator |
| US9461291B2 (en) | 2011-11-21 | 2016-10-04 | Daramic, Llc | Embossed separators, batteries and methods |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4851228A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1973-07-18 |
-
1974
- 1974-07-11 JP JP49079916A patent/JPS519228A/ja active Pending
-
1975
- 1975-06-30 CA CA230,501A patent/CA1041165A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-06-30 GB GB27547/75A patent/GB1510336A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5051157A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1991-09-24 | University Of Victoria | Spacer for an electrochemical apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS519228A (en) | 1976-01-24 |
| GB1510336A (en) | 1978-05-10 |
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