CA1039956A - Cool burning gun propellants - Google Patents
Cool burning gun propellantsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1039956A CA1039956A CA210,443A CA210443A CA1039956A CA 1039956 A CA1039956 A CA 1039956A CA 210443 A CA210443 A CA 210443A CA 1039956 A CA1039956 A CA 1039956A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- gun
- propellants
- cyclotetramethylene
- ethyl cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Invention A family of gun propellants formulated with triamino-guanidine nitrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine to reduce the isochoric flame temperature while providing high mass impetus.
The invention overcomes the problem of gun barrel warping by providing a 20% to 30% lower isochoric flame temperature than those of conventional military propellants, while yielding comparable or higher mass impetus.
The invention overcomes the problem of gun barrel warping by providing a 20% to 30% lower isochoric flame temperature than those of conventional military propellants, while yielding comparable or higher mass impetus.
Description
~6~3~956 Back round of the Invention 1. F~eld of the Invention This invent;on relates to gun propellants and is particularly directed to gun propellant formulations employing triaminosuanidine nitrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine to provide low isochoric flame temperatures and high mass impetus.
2. Prior Art For several hundred years, investigators have been seeking to improve firearms and the propellants used in them. Many significant improvements have been made. However, as long as there is a demand for such weapons, the search for improvements will continue. In recent years~ automatic guns have been developed which are capable of flring several thousand rounds of ammunition per minute. However, the gun propellants available heretofore have had isochoric flame temperatures , 15 ln the range of 2400~K to 3300K. As a result, the barrels of the auto-- mat;c guns nave ter,ded io overheai and become warped quite rapidly.
Consequently, it has been necessary to replace the gun barrels fre-quently, which reduces the effectiveness of such guns and ad~ considerably . ., to the expense of operating such guns. While some prior art gun propel-;. .
lants are kno~m which have lower flame temperatures, these cool-burning propellants generally also have significantly lower mass impetus.
... .
;, Brief Summary and Objects of Invention These disadvantages of the prior art are overcome with the present lnvention and a family of aun prop,ellants is proposed which provides iso-, 25 chorlc flame temperatures 20 to 30 percent lower than those of conventional mllitary propellants, while yielding comparable or higher mass lmpetus.
The advantages of the present invention are preferably attained by providing gun propellant formulations employing trlaminoguanidine ; nltrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine.
.," ~
,. . .
.
r ~D39 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide improved gun propellants.
Another object of the present invention is to prov;de gun pro-pellants having flame temperatures which are significantly 1Ower than those of conventional military propellants while yielding comparable or greater mass impetus.
A specific object of the present invention is to provide gun propellant formulations employing triaminoguanidine nitrate and cyclo-tetramethylene tetranitramine.
These and other objects and features of the present invention will be apparent from the fo11Owing detailed description.
Detailed Description of the Invention In that form of the present invention chosen for purposes of ~llustration, a family of gun propellants is formulated, employing tr~aminoguan1dine nitrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine to provide flame temperatures which are significantly lower than those of .
`' conventional military propellants, while yielding comparable or greater mass impetus.
The theoretical performances of standard military propellants, ' 20 as described in U. S. Army Propellant Manual No. AMCP-706-150, published February 1965, are shown in Table I.
. , .
TABLE I
;- Mass Impetus Flame Molecular ,i 25 Propellant ft.-lb./lb. , TemperatureWeight M-l 305,000 2417K 22.06 ;- M-2 360,000 3319K 25.64 M-10 339,000 3000K 24.58 IMR 325,000 2827K 24.17 .
::
In contrast, prcpellants formulated with triaminoguanidine nitrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine have yielded specific ' :
,:
.. . .
.;
~6)39~56 impulses in the range of 304,000 to 335,000, with flame temperatures in the range of 1900K to 2200K.
EXAMPLE I
In accordance with the present invention,a gun propellant was formulated consisting of 25% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate;
S0% by we~ght of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 20% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This pro-pellant yielded a specific impulse of 305,200 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2035K, with molecular weight of 18.55.
EXA~PLE II
A gun propellant was formulated consisting of 55% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 25% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetrani-tramine; 15% by weight of e~hyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This propellan~ yielded a specific impulse of 304,800 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochorlc flame temperature of 1978K, w;th a molecu-lar weight of 18.06.
EXAMPLE III
-; A gun propellant was formulated consisting of 30% by weight of triaminosuanidine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetra-nitramine; 15% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5,6 by weight of isodecyl -~ pelargonate. This propellant yie~ded a specific impulse of 327,800 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2154K, with a molecular weight of 18.27.
.~ :
: ^ 4 -'"' 3403~9S6 EXAMPLE IV
A gun propellant was formulated consisting of 55% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 25,' by ~eight of cyclotetramethylene tetran~tramine; 17.5/, by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 2.5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This propellant yielded a specific impulse of 308,500 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2001K, with a molecular weight of 18.05.
~i EXAMPLE V
A gun propellant ~as formulated consisting of 30% by weight of triaminoguan~dine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetra-nitramine; 17.5% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 2.5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This propellant yielded a specific impulse of 332,700 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2193K, with a molecular weight of 18.34.
_ ` 15 The gun propellants of the present invention yielded impact sensitivities of 35-45 inch-pounds and a Taliani test showed no gas ~ .~
~ evolution at 93C after one hour.
- Obviously, numerous other variations and modifica~ions may be made without departing from the present invention. Accordingly, it .i should be clearly understood that the forms of the present invention described above are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
What is claimed is:
..:'"
, ",'' . '., ., - S
. ,
Consequently, it has been necessary to replace the gun barrels fre-quently, which reduces the effectiveness of such guns and ad~ considerably . ., to the expense of operating such guns. While some prior art gun propel-;. .
lants are kno~m which have lower flame temperatures, these cool-burning propellants generally also have significantly lower mass impetus.
... .
;, Brief Summary and Objects of Invention These disadvantages of the prior art are overcome with the present lnvention and a family of aun prop,ellants is proposed which provides iso-, 25 chorlc flame temperatures 20 to 30 percent lower than those of conventional mllitary propellants, while yielding comparable or higher mass lmpetus.
The advantages of the present invention are preferably attained by providing gun propellant formulations employing trlaminoguanidine ; nltrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine.
.," ~
,. . .
.
r ~D39 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide improved gun propellants.
Another object of the present invention is to prov;de gun pro-pellants having flame temperatures which are significantly 1Ower than those of conventional military propellants while yielding comparable or greater mass impetus.
A specific object of the present invention is to provide gun propellant formulations employing triaminoguanidine nitrate and cyclo-tetramethylene tetranitramine.
These and other objects and features of the present invention will be apparent from the fo11Owing detailed description.
Detailed Description of the Invention In that form of the present invention chosen for purposes of ~llustration, a family of gun propellants is formulated, employing tr~aminoguan1dine nitrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine to provide flame temperatures which are significantly lower than those of .
`' conventional military propellants, while yielding comparable or greater mass impetus.
The theoretical performances of standard military propellants, ' 20 as described in U. S. Army Propellant Manual No. AMCP-706-150, published February 1965, are shown in Table I.
. , .
TABLE I
;- Mass Impetus Flame Molecular ,i 25 Propellant ft.-lb./lb. , TemperatureWeight M-l 305,000 2417K 22.06 ;- M-2 360,000 3319K 25.64 M-10 339,000 3000K 24.58 IMR 325,000 2827K 24.17 .
::
In contrast, prcpellants formulated with triaminoguanidine nitrate and cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine have yielded specific ' :
,:
.. . .
.;
~6)39~56 impulses in the range of 304,000 to 335,000, with flame temperatures in the range of 1900K to 2200K.
EXAMPLE I
In accordance with the present invention,a gun propellant was formulated consisting of 25% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate;
S0% by we~ght of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 20% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This pro-pellant yielded a specific impulse of 305,200 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2035K, with molecular weight of 18.55.
EXA~PLE II
A gun propellant was formulated consisting of 55% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 25% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetrani-tramine; 15% by weight of e~hyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This propellan~ yielded a specific impulse of 304,800 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochorlc flame temperature of 1978K, w;th a molecu-lar weight of 18.06.
EXAMPLE III
-; A gun propellant was formulated consisting of 30% by weight of triaminosuanidine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetra-nitramine; 15% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5,6 by weight of isodecyl -~ pelargonate. This propellant yie~ded a specific impulse of 327,800 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2154K, with a molecular weight of 18.27.
.~ :
: ^ 4 -'"' 3403~9S6 EXAMPLE IV
A gun propellant was formulated consisting of 55% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 25,' by ~eight of cyclotetramethylene tetran~tramine; 17.5/, by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 2.5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This propellant yielded a specific impulse of 308,500 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2001K, with a molecular weight of 18.05.
~i EXAMPLE V
A gun propellant ~as formulated consisting of 30% by weight of triaminoguan~dine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetra-nitramine; 17.5% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 2.5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate. This propellant yielded a specific impulse of 332,700 ft.lbs./lb., and an isochoric flame temperature of 2193K, with a molecular weight of 18.34.
_ ` 15 The gun propellants of the present invention yielded impact sensitivities of 35-45 inch-pounds and a Taliani test showed no gas ~ .~
~ evolution at 93C after one hour.
- Obviously, numerous other variations and modifica~ions may be made without departing from the present invention. Accordingly, it .i should be clearly understood that the forms of the present invention described above are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
What is claimed is:
..:'"
, ",'' . '., ., - S
. ,
Claims (6)
1. A gun propellant consisting of 20% - 60% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 20% - 60% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 10% - 25% by weight of ethyl cellulose: and 2.5% - 10% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
2. A gun propellant consisting of 25% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 20% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
3. A gun propellant consisting of 55% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 25% by weight of cyclotetramenthylene tetranitramine; 15% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
4. A gun propellant consisting of 30% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 15% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 5% by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
5. A gun propellant consisting of 55% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 25% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 17.5% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 2.5%
by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
6. A gun propellant consisting of 30% by weight of triaminoguanidine nitrate; 50% by weight of cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine; 17.5% by weight of ethyl cellulose; and 2.5%
by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
by weight of isodecyl pelargonate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA210,443A CA1039956A (en) | 1974-10-01 | 1974-10-01 | Cool burning gun propellants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA210,443A CA1039956A (en) | 1974-10-01 | 1974-10-01 | Cool burning gun propellants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1039956A true CA1039956A (en) | 1978-10-10 |
Family
ID=4101260
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA210,443A Expired CA1039956A (en) | 1974-10-01 | 1974-10-01 | Cool burning gun propellants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1039956A (en) |
-
1974
- 1974-10-01 CA CA210,443A patent/CA1039956A/en not_active Expired
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