CA1038230A - Die assembly and method of extruding cereal dough masses - Google Patents
Die assembly and method of extruding cereal dough massesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1038230A CA1038230A CA216,568A CA216568A CA1038230A CA 1038230 A CA1038230 A CA 1038230A CA 216568 A CA216568 A CA 216568A CA 1038230 A CA1038230 A CA 1038230A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- moieties
- extrusion
- assortment
- extruding
- dough
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An assortment of extrusion-puffed dough shapes of varying configurations is produced from a single extruding die assembly by mounting said assembly on a cooker extruder expander adapted to produce a gelatinized cereal dough mass and discharge same as individual moieties sequentially through a backup zone or die plate and an extruding zone of die plate, the flow rates of said moieties being varied in passage in relationship to the flow characteristics of respective shaping dies so as to cause the individual dough masses upon issuance from the face of the assorted extruding die orifices to have the extrudates move at comparable linear speed whereby said moieties can be consecutively subdivided by a ro-tating knife assembly and uniformly puffed.
An assortment of extrusion-puffed dough shapes of varying configurations is produced from a single extruding die assembly by mounting said assembly on a cooker extruder expander adapted to produce a gelatinized cereal dough mass and discharge same as individual moieties sequentially through a backup zone or die plate and an extruding zone of die plate, the flow rates of said moieties being varied in passage in relationship to the flow characteristics of respective shaping dies so as to cause the individual dough masses upon issuance from the face of the assorted extruding die orifices to have the extrudates move at comparable linear speed whereby said moieties can be consecutively subdivided by a ro-tating knife assembly and uniformly puffed.
Description
~o;~ v This invention relates to method and apparatus for ex-tracting dough masses.
The art of manufacturing a puffed dough-~hape, particu-larly one which is sold in an assortment of characters such as alphabets, numerals or related but dissimilar shaped pieces such as animal forms for novelty purposes has relied upon the art of gun-puffing a partially cooked dough piece, viz. U.S. Patent Nos.
The art of manufacturing a puffed dough-~hape, particu-larly one which is sold in an assortment of characters such as alphabets, numerals or related but dissimilar shaped pieces such as animal forms for novelty purposes has relied upon the art of gun-puffing a partially cooked dough piece, viz. U.S. Patent Nos.
2,954,295 and 2,954,296, issued September 27, 1960, both entitled Process for Preparing Puffed Cereal Product, to Clausi et al.
The limitations o~ gun puffing are such, however, that uniformity of the puffed dough pieces leaves much to be desired and yield of faithfully shaped expanded particles is less than would be preferred for optimal utilization of raw materials. Furthermore, from the standpoints of safety, sanitation and simplicity of equipment, it would be preferable if means other than a gun-puffer were employed for manufacturing novel shaped expanded dough masses.
One avenue for making a shaped dough piece which has been used commercially is a cooker extruder expander wherein a moist cereal dough is subjected to controlled heat and mechanical work to convert the starch content thereof into a partially gel-atinized condition, at least, and cause the dough to pass an extruding die whereby the dough moves from a con~ined zone of high pressure to an unconfined zone of much lower, say, atmo-spheric pressure and the individual dough extrudate w~en it is simultaneously so-exposed undergoes rapid expansion.
Whereas such cooker expanders have enjoyed utility in manufacturing such products for sale as dry, ready-to-eat break-fast cereal products and snacks, they are limited in their versatility. It is sometimes preferable in marketing such pro-ducts that they be in assorted shapes and .hat they not only be uniformly expanded but also that they be of a uniform size rela tive to one another. Providing such an assortment calls ~or ~038~30 employlng a die assembly having a plurality of different shapesby alphabetical, numerical or the like. Unfortunately, by reason of varying flow characteristics of the dough ma~s pas-~ing through differing shaping die orifices, there is a m~lltiplicity of hydraulic flow patterns which must be reconciled if each of the cooked dough masses are to pass their respective extruding ji die in a uniform manner such that results in a sub~tantially comparable linear velocity for each moiety of cereal dough.
The problem becomes manifest when, with varying flows, a ro-tating cutting knife will subdivide varying depths from theextrudate and result in eccentricities of expansion as well as a loss of intended shape definition.
~ ccordingly, there is a need for a cooker extruder expander die assem~ly and method of expanding an assortment of individual dough moieties whereby despite their varying char-acter as shaped, they are caused to issue from a confined zone of high pressure to a less confined zone of lower pressure and become expanded uniformly, said issuance being caused by the dough masses moving at a substantially comparable linear velocity with respect to the longitudinal axis of the extruder.
According to the invention there is provided a method of producing an assortment of extrusion puffed dough shapes o~
varying configurations from a single extruding assembly which comprises continuously delivering a gelatinized cereal dough mass from intermediate an extruding tube and rotating screw - flights therewithin to a confined zone of high extruding pressure, continuously subdividing the cereal dough mass into ~_ moieties thereof by passage through separate flow regulating means wherein respective moieties are caused to move at differing flow rates with re~pect to one another, and contin-uously issuing said moieties from an assortment of extrusion shaping orifices having differing outlines operative to uni-formly expand said individual moieties as they move from separate .
~, . -, . ~ , .
~.
10;~ 30 respectiv~ zones of high extrusion pressure to unconfined zones of lower pressure, the resistance to issuance of said moieties in relation to respective flow regulating means therefor being coordinated to result in equal linear velocities of said assorted moieties as they issue from said extrusion orifices.
There is further provided an extrusion shaping apparatus for continuously producing an assortment of extrusion puffed dough shapes of varying configurations from a gelatinized cereal dough mass delivered thereto from a confined zone of high extruding pressure generated by passage from a zone intermediate an ex-truding tube and rotating screw flights which comprises means having a plurality of assorted flow-adjusting chambers adapted to vary the flow pattern of respective moieties of said mass therein; and means having varying extrusion orifices therein having varying assorted outlines adapted to transmit said respective moieties from respective zones of high extrusion pressure in said means to unconfined zones of lower pressure and expand the moieties, respective flow-adjusting chambers having volume and cross-sectional sectional dimensions coordinated with respective communicating volume and cross-sectional dimensions of the extrusion orifices to cause the extruding moieties to expand uniformly and issue at the same linear velocities.
Thus, the assembly comprises a die plate coaxial with a backup plate, the die plate being provided with individual shape-defining dies, the backup zone or plate having a like coaxial plurality of flow-adjusting chambers defined therein either by individually mounted inserts or equivalent structures of varying flow patterns to be hereinafter described, the rela~
tive flow of gelatinized cereal dough moieties entering said flow-adjusting chambers being such in relationship to the velocity of dough masses issuing from respective extruding dies that the individual moieties are coordinated in their linear velocities. In practicing this invention, the backup plate may have a series of chamber plugs of varying orifice sizes and con-figuration or alternatively the backup plate may, per se, have the aforesaid orifices integrally formed therein. Likewise, the extruding die plate will have orifices therein which may have appropriate flow control means in the form of pins or restric-tions intended to provide shape definition and also regulate the flow pattern of doughs passing said dies.
Thus, in its most preferred form the die assembly will be a two-member element consisting essentially of an extruding die plate and a backup plate. However, it is also within the spirit of ~he invention that both members may be integrated into a single die shaping and flow regulating member, all of which will be apparent from the accompanying description of the pre-ferred and best mode of practicing this invention which will now be described by reference to the accompanying drawings of the die assembly wherein:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section and showing portions of the assembly mounted on an extruding expanding cooker shown in phantom view;
Fig. 2 is an end view of the extruding die plate with parts broken away to show the details of the varying die orifices for creating the intended assortment of shapes;
Fig. 3 is an opposite end view relative to that shown in Fig. 2 with parts similarly broken away to show varying flow chambers.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, the extruder expander may be a common apparatus known to skilled art workers such as those shown in U.S. 3,117,006 issued January 7, 1964 to J. Wenger which are adapted to pre-condition a cereal mixture by heat and wet causing the mass to be mechanically worked and heated between a series of screws coextensive within a tube and adapted to ultimately deliver a substantially gelatinized and cooked cereal dough to a chamber of high pressure phantomly shown as 10.
10;~
This chamber is defined by a cone screw phantomly shown a~ 12, rotating within a cone head phantomly shown aq 14 and forming no part of the present invention but necessary to deliver the mass of cereal dough to the assembly.
The extrusion die assembly con~ists of a cylindrical die plate 26 having die inserts 28 a, b, c, and d mounted there-in, each insert having cylindrical passages 26 a, b, c, and d therein communicating with corresponding passages 24 a, b, c, and d in a cylindrical backup plate generally shown a~ 20. The backup plate will similarly have communicating flow regulating inserts 22 a, b, c, and d. Each of the flow regulating inserts will be tapped so as to have a frustoconical point of entry thereto and/or issuance therefrom, respectively, and thereby alter the respective velocities of the moieties of cereal dough masses created a3 the dough is causea to pass under high pressure to the die area cylinders 26 a, b, c, d and eventually issue through die members 28 a, b, c, and d. It may be practical to have varying patterns on either or both extremities of the flow regulatin~ inserts 22 depending upon how it becomes necessary to coordinate flow velocity with the drag or other flow char-acteristics that are predetermined as necessary for a particular shaping die orifice 28 a, b, c, or d respectively.
As will be appreciated by men skilled in this art, the die plugs may be provided with alphabets, numerals, animal figures, and like shapes intended to meet marketing requirements.
A knife member generally shown as 32 in phantom is adapted to rotate about hub 34 which is an integral part of the die plate 26 and intersect at high speeds the individual dough moieties issuing from the die members per se, the rotational velocity of the cutting knife being so regulated in relation to the linear extrusion velocity of the individual dough moieties that a uniform depth of cut therefor is provided, the respective velocities of all of the aforesaid means being experimentally ~)38230 derived by methods known to skilled art workers.
Although the invention has been described by aportrayal of a die plate fixedly mounted through intermediation of screws 36, it will be appreciated that the die plate really is a die zone having the aforesaid qhape-defining dough pas~ing characteristics and that the backup plate is the full equivalent of an integral zone adapted to communicate cereal dough moieties of varying velocities to the cylindrical dough shaping chambers 26 a, b, c, d therein.
Al~hough an assortment of four cereal dough shapes is shown, it will be understood that any number of combinations of shapes may be incorporated into such a die assembly within the spirit of the present invention.
The limitations o~ gun puffing are such, however, that uniformity of the puffed dough pieces leaves much to be desired and yield of faithfully shaped expanded particles is less than would be preferred for optimal utilization of raw materials. Furthermore, from the standpoints of safety, sanitation and simplicity of equipment, it would be preferable if means other than a gun-puffer were employed for manufacturing novel shaped expanded dough masses.
One avenue for making a shaped dough piece which has been used commercially is a cooker extruder expander wherein a moist cereal dough is subjected to controlled heat and mechanical work to convert the starch content thereof into a partially gel-atinized condition, at least, and cause the dough to pass an extruding die whereby the dough moves from a con~ined zone of high pressure to an unconfined zone of much lower, say, atmo-spheric pressure and the individual dough extrudate w~en it is simultaneously so-exposed undergoes rapid expansion.
Whereas such cooker expanders have enjoyed utility in manufacturing such products for sale as dry, ready-to-eat break-fast cereal products and snacks, they are limited in their versatility. It is sometimes preferable in marketing such pro-ducts that they be in assorted shapes and .hat they not only be uniformly expanded but also that they be of a uniform size rela tive to one another. Providing such an assortment calls ~or ~038~30 employlng a die assembly having a plurality of different shapesby alphabetical, numerical or the like. Unfortunately, by reason of varying flow characteristics of the dough ma~s pas-~ing through differing shaping die orifices, there is a m~lltiplicity of hydraulic flow patterns which must be reconciled if each of the cooked dough masses are to pass their respective extruding ji die in a uniform manner such that results in a sub~tantially comparable linear velocity for each moiety of cereal dough.
The problem becomes manifest when, with varying flows, a ro-tating cutting knife will subdivide varying depths from theextrudate and result in eccentricities of expansion as well as a loss of intended shape definition.
~ ccordingly, there is a need for a cooker extruder expander die assem~ly and method of expanding an assortment of individual dough moieties whereby despite their varying char-acter as shaped, they are caused to issue from a confined zone of high pressure to a less confined zone of lower pressure and become expanded uniformly, said issuance being caused by the dough masses moving at a substantially comparable linear velocity with respect to the longitudinal axis of the extruder.
According to the invention there is provided a method of producing an assortment of extrusion puffed dough shapes o~
varying configurations from a single extruding assembly which comprises continuously delivering a gelatinized cereal dough mass from intermediate an extruding tube and rotating screw - flights therewithin to a confined zone of high extruding pressure, continuously subdividing the cereal dough mass into ~_ moieties thereof by passage through separate flow regulating means wherein respective moieties are caused to move at differing flow rates with re~pect to one another, and contin-uously issuing said moieties from an assortment of extrusion shaping orifices having differing outlines operative to uni-formly expand said individual moieties as they move from separate .
~, . -, . ~ , .
~.
10;~ 30 respectiv~ zones of high extrusion pressure to unconfined zones of lower pressure, the resistance to issuance of said moieties in relation to respective flow regulating means therefor being coordinated to result in equal linear velocities of said assorted moieties as they issue from said extrusion orifices.
There is further provided an extrusion shaping apparatus for continuously producing an assortment of extrusion puffed dough shapes of varying configurations from a gelatinized cereal dough mass delivered thereto from a confined zone of high extruding pressure generated by passage from a zone intermediate an ex-truding tube and rotating screw flights which comprises means having a plurality of assorted flow-adjusting chambers adapted to vary the flow pattern of respective moieties of said mass therein; and means having varying extrusion orifices therein having varying assorted outlines adapted to transmit said respective moieties from respective zones of high extrusion pressure in said means to unconfined zones of lower pressure and expand the moieties, respective flow-adjusting chambers having volume and cross-sectional sectional dimensions coordinated with respective communicating volume and cross-sectional dimensions of the extrusion orifices to cause the extruding moieties to expand uniformly and issue at the same linear velocities.
Thus, the assembly comprises a die plate coaxial with a backup plate, the die plate being provided with individual shape-defining dies, the backup zone or plate having a like coaxial plurality of flow-adjusting chambers defined therein either by individually mounted inserts or equivalent structures of varying flow patterns to be hereinafter described, the rela~
tive flow of gelatinized cereal dough moieties entering said flow-adjusting chambers being such in relationship to the velocity of dough masses issuing from respective extruding dies that the individual moieties are coordinated in their linear velocities. In practicing this invention, the backup plate may have a series of chamber plugs of varying orifice sizes and con-figuration or alternatively the backup plate may, per se, have the aforesaid orifices integrally formed therein. Likewise, the extruding die plate will have orifices therein which may have appropriate flow control means in the form of pins or restric-tions intended to provide shape definition and also regulate the flow pattern of doughs passing said dies.
Thus, in its most preferred form the die assembly will be a two-member element consisting essentially of an extruding die plate and a backup plate. However, it is also within the spirit of ~he invention that both members may be integrated into a single die shaping and flow regulating member, all of which will be apparent from the accompanying description of the pre-ferred and best mode of practicing this invention which will now be described by reference to the accompanying drawings of the die assembly wherein:
Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section and showing portions of the assembly mounted on an extruding expanding cooker shown in phantom view;
Fig. 2 is an end view of the extruding die plate with parts broken away to show the details of the varying die orifices for creating the intended assortment of shapes;
Fig. 3 is an opposite end view relative to that shown in Fig. 2 with parts similarly broken away to show varying flow chambers.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, the extruder expander may be a common apparatus known to skilled art workers such as those shown in U.S. 3,117,006 issued January 7, 1964 to J. Wenger which are adapted to pre-condition a cereal mixture by heat and wet causing the mass to be mechanically worked and heated between a series of screws coextensive within a tube and adapted to ultimately deliver a substantially gelatinized and cooked cereal dough to a chamber of high pressure phantomly shown as 10.
10;~
This chamber is defined by a cone screw phantomly shown a~ 12, rotating within a cone head phantomly shown aq 14 and forming no part of the present invention but necessary to deliver the mass of cereal dough to the assembly.
The extrusion die assembly con~ists of a cylindrical die plate 26 having die inserts 28 a, b, c, and d mounted there-in, each insert having cylindrical passages 26 a, b, c, and d therein communicating with corresponding passages 24 a, b, c, and d in a cylindrical backup plate generally shown a~ 20. The backup plate will similarly have communicating flow regulating inserts 22 a, b, c, and d. Each of the flow regulating inserts will be tapped so as to have a frustoconical point of entry thereto and/or issuance therefrom, respectively, and thereby alter the respective velocities of the moieties of cereal dough masses created a3 the dough is causea to pass under high pressure to the die area cylinders 26 a, b, c, d and eventually issue through die members 28 a, b, c, and d. It may be practical to have varying patterns on either or both extremities of the flow regulatin~ inserts 22 depending upon how it becomes necessary to coordinate flow velocity with the drag or other flow char-acteristics that are predetermined as necessary for a particular shaping die orifice 28 a, b, c, or d respectively.
As will be appreciated by men skilled in this art, the die plugs may be provided with alphabets, numerals, animal figures, and like shapes intended to meet marketing requirements.
A knife member generally shown as 32 in phantom is adapted to rotate about hub 34 which is an integral part of the die plate 26 and intersect at high speeds the individual dough moieties issuing from the die members per se, the rotational velocity of the cutting knife being so regulated in relation to the linear extrusion velocity of the individual dough moieties that a uniform depth of cut therefor is provided, the respective velocities of all of the aforesaid means being experimentally ~)38230 derived by methods known to skilled art workers.
Although the invention has been described by aportrayal of a die plate fixedly mounted through intermediation of screws 36, it will be appreciated that the die plate really is a die zone having the aforesaid qhape-defining dough pas~ing characteristics and that the backup plate is the full equivalent of an integral zone adapted to communicate cereal dough moieties of varying velocities to the cylindrical dough shaping chambers 26 a, b, c, d therein.
Al~hough an assortment of four cereal dough shapes is shown, it will be understood that any number of combinations of shapes may be incorporated into such a die assembly within the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. Method of producing an assortment of extrusion puffed dough shapes of varying configurations from a single extruding assembly which comprises continuously delivering a gelatinized cereal dough mass from intermediate an extruding tube and ro-tating screw flights therewithin to a confined zone of high extruding pressure, continuously subdividing the cereal dough mass into moieties thereof by passage through separate flow regulating means wherein respective moieties are caused to move at differing flow rates with respect to one another, and con-tinuously issuing said moieties from an assortment of extrusion shaping orifices having differing outlines operative to uniform-ly expand said individual moieties as they move from separate respective zones of high extrusion pressure to unconfined zones of lower pressure, the resistance to issuance of said moieties in relation to respective flow regulating means therefor being coordinated to result in equal linear velocities of said assort-ed moieties as they issue from said extrusion orifices.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the extrudates are subdivided by cutting means repetitively intercepting each extrudate at the same frequency.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the cutting means move in an arc.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the assortment of extrudates have differing cross-sectional areas.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 where-in the assortment of extrudates include differing shapes.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 where-in the assortment of extrudates include different alphabetical characters.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 where-in the assortment of extrudates include different numerical characters.
8. Extrusion shaping apparatus for continuously producing an assortment of extrusion puffed dough shapes of varying con-figurations from a gelatinized cereal dough mass delivered thereto from a confined zone of high extruding pressure gener-ated by passage from a zone intermediate an extruding tube and rotating screw flights which comprises:
a backup plate having a plurality of assorted com-municating flow regulating inserts adapted to vary the flow pattern of respective moieties of said mass therein, each of said flow regulating inserts tapped so as to have a frustoconi-cal point of entry thereto and/or issuance therefrom, and means having varying extrusion orifices therein having varying assorted outlines adapted to transmit said respective moieties from respective zone of high extrusion pressure in said means to unconfined zones of lower pressure and expand the moieties, wherein said respective backup plate inserts have volume and cross-sectional dimensions coordinated with respective communi-cating volume and cross-sectional dimensions of the extrusion orifices to cause the extruded moieties to expand uniformly and issue at the same linear velocities.
a backup plate having a plurality of assorted com-municating flow regulating inserts adapted to vary the flow pattern of respective moieties of said mass therein, each of said flow regulating inserts tapped so as to have a frustoconi-cal point of entry thereto and/or issuance therefrom, and means having varying extrusion orifices therein having varying assorted outlines adapted to transmit said respective moieties from respective zone of high extrusion pressure in said means to unconfined zones of lower pressure and expand the moieties, wherein said respective backup plate inserts have volume and cross-sectional dimensions coordinated with respective communi-cating volume and cross-sectional dimensions of the extrusion orifices to cause the extruded moieties to expand uniformly and issue at the same linear velocities.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8 having cutting means adapted to repetitively intercept each extrudate at the same frequency.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the cutting means move in an arc.
11. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the assort-ment of extrusion orifices have differing cross-sectional areas.
12. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the assort-ment of extrusion orifices have differing outlines.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US42930573A | 1973-12-28 | 1973-12-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1038230A true CA1038230A (en) | 1978-09-12 |
Family
ID=23702676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA216,568A Expired CA1038230A (en) | 1973-12-28 | 1974-12-20 | Die assembly and method of extruding cereal dough masses |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1038230A (en) |
-
1974
- 1974-12-20 CA CA216,568A patent/CA1038230A/en not_active Expired
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