BRPI0819493B1 - METHOD FOR INCREASING THE QUANTITY OF MILK AND / OR ANIMAL MEAT, SILAGE FOR PIG FEEDING AND USES OF PYRACLOSTROBIN - Google Patents

Description

"METHOD FOR INCREASING THE QUANTITY OF MILK AND / OR MEAT" SILAGE FOR FEEDING ANIMALS AND PIRACLOSTROBINE USES "Description of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for increasing the amount of milk or meat (a) treating plants and / or propagules and / or places where plants grow or will grow with at least one strobilurin compound, (b) produce silage from plants treated in accordance with (c) feeding milk and / or meat producing animals with silage produced in accordance with step (b) made from plants treated in accordance with (a), [002] In one embodiment the invention relates to to a method of increasing the amount of milk from silage-fed milk-producing animals comprising steps a) to c) wherein, in step c), silage is supplied as feed to milk-producing animals, [003] In another mode and, the invention relates to a method of raising meat from silage-fed meat producing animals comprising steps a) to c) wherein, in step c), silage is provided as meat producing animal feed.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to animal feed silage produced from plants treated with at least one strobilurin compound prior to the production of said silage.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of at least one strobilurin compound to increase the amount of milk from silage-fed dairy animals.

In addition, the present invention relates to the use of at least one strobilurin compound to increase the amount of meat from silage-fed meat producing animals.

[007] Today, milk and meat are produced on an industrial scale. Milk and meat are known to be an essential part of human nutrition. In addition, milk can also be processed to form a huge variety of dairy products such as butter, yogurt or cheese. World meat consumption has increased significantly in recent years. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, food consumption patterns are shifting towards higher quality and more expensive foods such as meat and dairy products (FAO, 2002). However, meat and milk production requires huge amounts of fodder. To ensure the availability of such fodder, continually high amounts of arable land are being used for fodder production instead of food for humans. In addition, the total amount of arable land is limited and has declined in recent decades thanks to the world's growing population.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for increasing the amount of milk and / or meat from silage-fed milk and / or meat producing animals.

An object according to the invention is to provide a method for increasing the amount of milk from silage-fed dairy animals.

Another object according to the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the amount of meat from silage-fed meat producing animals.

Surprisingly, it is revealed that this object can be achieved by applying at least one strobilurin compound to the site, propagules and / or plants occasionally used for silage production, which is subsequently being supplied as feed for produce milk and / or meat. In particular, the strobilurins of formula I are useful for the purpose of the present invention.

Strobilurins have long been known as fungicides. In some cases they have also been described as insecticides (EP-A 178826; EP-A 253213; WO 93/15046; WO 95/18789; WO 95/21153; WO 95/21154; WO 95/24396; WO 96/01256 WO 97/15552; WO 97/27189). In recent years they have also been known to increase plant health (WO 01/82701; WO 03/075663; WO 07/104660).

The compounds used according to the present invention, particularly the compounds of formula I, result in an increase in the amount of milk and / or meat from silage-fed animals derived from plants treated with at least one strobilurin compound previously to the production of said silage.

According to the invention, the increase in the amount of milk compared to the amount of milk obtained after the milk producing animals were fed silage which was not derived from plants treated with at least one strobilurin compound of According to the invention it is at least 3%, preferably from 5 to 10%, more preferably from 10 to 20% or from 20 to 30%.

According to the invention, the increase in the amount of meat compared to the amount of milk obtained after milk producing animals were fed silage that was not derived from plants that were treated with at least one strobilurin compound, according to the invention it is at least 3%, preferably from 5 to 10% and under certain conditions from 10 to 20% or up to 20 to 30%.

Specific examples of strobilurins suitable for the present invention are compounds of formula I

Wherein the variants are as defined below: X is a halogen, C1 -C4 alkyl or trifluoromethyl; m is 0 or 1; Q is C (= CH-CH 3) -COOCH 3, C (= CH-OCH 3) -COOCH 3, C (= N-OCH 3) -CONHCH 3 C (= N-OCH 3) -COOCH 3, N (-OCH 3) -COOCH 3, or the group Q1 Q1 where # denotes binding to the phenyl ring; A is -OB, -CH 2 O-B, -OCH 2 -B, CH 2 S-B, -CH = CH-B, -C 2 CB, -CH 2 -N = C (R 1) -B, -CH 2 S-N = C ( R 1) -B, -CH 20 -N = C (R 1) -CH = CH-B, or -CH 2 O-N = C (R 1) -C (R 2) = N-OR 3j where B is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl of 5- or 6-membered or 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms and / or one oxygen or sulfur atom or one or two oxygen and / or sulfur atoms, wherein the ring systems are not -replaced or substituted by one, two, or three groups Ra: Ra independently of one another are cyano, nitro, amino, aminocarbonyl, aminothiocarbonyl, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C1-6 alkylsulfonyl Ce, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyloxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 thioalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, C 1 -C 6 alkylaminocarbonyl, di C1 -C6 alkylaminocarbonyl, C1 -C6 alkylaminothiocarbonyl, C1 -C6 di-alkylaminothiocarbonyl, C2 -C6 alkenyl, C2 -C6 alkenyloxy, phenyl, methoxy, benzyl, benzyloxy, 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, C (= NOR ') - R ”or OC (R') 2-C (R”) = NOR ", wherein the cyclic groups in their part may be substituted or unsubstituted by one, two, three, four or five groups Rb: Rb independently of one another are cyano, nitro, halogen, amino, aminocarbonyl, aminothiocarbonyl, alkyl C 1 -C 6, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfinyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 haloalkoxy, C 1 -C 6 thioalkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkylamino, di C1-C6 alkylamino, C1-C6 alkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C6 dialkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C6 alkylaminothiocarbonyl, C1-C6 alkylaminothiocarbonyl, C2-C6 alkenyloxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl phenyl, phenoxy, thiophenyl, benzyl, benzyloxy, 5- or 6-membered heterocyclyl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, or C (= NOR ') -R ”; R ', R' independently of each other are hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R1 is hydrogen, cyano, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, or C1-C4 thioalkyl; R 2 is phenyl, phenylcarbonyl, phenylsulfonyl, 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl, 5- or 6-membered heteroarylcarbonyl, or 5- or 6-membered heteroarylsulfonyl, wherein the ring systems may be unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, three four. or five Ra groups, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C1-C10 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C10 alkenylcarbonyl, C3-C10 alkynylcarbonyl, C1-C10 alkylsulfonyl, or C (= NOR ') -R', wherein the carbon chains may be unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, three, four or five Rc groups.

Rc independently of one another are cyano, nitro, amino, aminocarbonyl, aminothiocarbonyl, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C1-alkoxycarbonyl C6, C1-C6 thioalkyl, C1-C6 alkylamino, C1-C6 alkylamino, C1-C6 alkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C6 alkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C6 alkylaminothiocarbonyl, C1-C6 alkylaminothiocarbonyl, C2-C6 alkenyloxy C 2 -C 6, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyloxy, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyl, 5 or 6 membered heterocyclyloxy, benzyl, benzyloxy, phenyl, phenoxy, thiophenyl, 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl, heterothioaryl or heteroaryloxy or 6 members, wherein the cyclic groups may be partially or fully halogenated or may be substituted by one, two or three groups Ra; and R3 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein the carbon chains may be partially or fully halogenated or may be substituted by one, two, three, four or five Rc groups; and strobilurin compounds selected from the group consisting of methyl (2-chloro-5- [1- (3-methylbenzyloxyimino) ethyl] benzyl) carbamate, methyl (2-chloro-5- [1- (6-methylpyridine) 2-ylmethoxyimino) ethyl] benzyl) carbamate, 2- (2- (6- (3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) -5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yloxy) phenyl) -2-methoxyimino- N-methylacetamide and 3-methoxy-2- (2- (N- (4-methoxy-phenyl) cyclopropanecarboximidoyl-sulfanyl-methyl) -phenyl) -acrylic acid methyl ester; and their salts for agricultural use.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, applying a strobilurin compound to the site, plants and parts of the plant that are used for silage production increases the amount of milk produced by animals producing milk following the consumption of said silage.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the application of strobilurin compound to the site, plants and plant parts that are used for silage production increases the amount of meat produced by meat producing animals following consumption. of said silage.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one strobilurin compound is applied as a seed treatment.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the silage according to step b) exhibits improved digestibility.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the silage according to step b) exhibits an increased energy content.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, silage fed animals according to step c) comprise cattle, sheep, pigs, horses and / or goats.

[0023] The term "plants" should be understood as plants of economic importance and / or plants cultivated by humans. They are preferably selected from agricultural crops, forestry and horticultural (including ornamental) plants. The term plant as used herein includes all parts of a plant, such as germinating seeds, growing seedlings, herbaceous vegetation, as well as woody plants, including all below-ground portions (such as roots) and above-ground. A non-exhaustive list of plants includes the following unrestricted genus: Abutilon, Alfalfa, Amaranthus, Artemisia, Asclepias, Avena, Axonopus, Borreria, Brachiaria, Brassica, Bromus, Chenopodium, Cirsium, Commelina, Convolvulus, Cynodon, Cyperus, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Eleusine, Eiymus, Equisetum, Erodium, Helianthus, Imperata, Ipomoea, Kochia, Lolium, Mauve, Oryza, Ottochloa, Panicum, Paspalum, Phragmites, Polygonum, Portulaca, Pteridium, Pueraria, Secus, Salusola Sida, Sinapis, Sorghum, Spergula, Trifolium, Triticum, Typha, Ulex, Vicia, Xanthium and Zea.

[0024] In one embodiment, according to the invention, the plant is selected from agricultural crops, silvicultural and horticultural plants, each in its natural or genetically modified form (GMOs). Such GMOs may have improved properties such as improved stress tolerance and plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stressors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, heat stress, cold strain, dryness stress, UV stress and / or salt tension.

"Seedlings" are all types of plant propagating material. The term encompasses seeds, grains, fruits, tubers, rhizomes, spores, stumps, branches, meristematic tissues, single and multiple plant cells, and any other plant tissue from which a complete plant can be obtained. A particular seed is the seed.

"Milk" is a type of liquid produced by female mammals. The exact composition of raw milk can vary significantly from species to species. It usually contains large amounts of saturated fat, protein and calcium. Milk can be processed in a wide variety of ways, and its products are called dairy.

[0027] "Meat" is animal tissue used, for example, as food. The term meat typically refers to skeletal muscle, and associated fat, but may also refer to non-muscular organs, including lungs, livers, skin, brains, bone marrow, and kidneys.

"Milk producing animals" shall be understood to mean all female animals of the mammalian class, for example, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, mares, camels, buffalo, and / or yaks.

“Meat-producing animals” shall be understood to mean all animals used for meat production, such as cattle, pigs, goats, horses, camels, poultry, buffalo and / or yaks.

Silage is a certain type of storage fodder. Generally, silage is made from plants in a process called silage. During this process, plants or parts of plants undergo anaerobic fermentation caused by native microorganisms (for example, one or more strains of lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus spec.) By converting sugars to acids and depleting any oxygen present in the plant material. which makes the fodder conservable. Depending on the plants used, other names instead of silage are employed, for example oat to oat silage, or alfalfa to alfalfa silage. Silage is widely applied to feed milk and meat producing animals such as beef and dairy cattle.

The term "silage production" describes the process of how to obtain adequate silage for the feeding of milk and meat producing animals. Silage is produced from plants by cutting the biomass of plants harvested with a forage harvester. Suitable plants may be fodder, such as green corn, cereals such as wheat, rye, barley, pasture, clover, alfalfa and other legumes, sunflower and any other suitable plant for the ensiling and mixing of any such plant.

Plants are harvested at a dry matter content of about 30 to 40% to allow for an optimized fermentation process during ensiling and to minimize losses during fermentation. For pasture, clover, alfalfa, mixtures thereof and other crops it may be necessary to allow the plant material to dry in the field to reach a dry matter of 30 to 40% after mowing and before mowing with a forage harvester. Such material is known as hay silage. For corn or cereals, the grain is harvested along with the rest of the plant. To make grain nutrients available for absorption in the intestinal tract of a fed animal, it may be necessary to grind the grain during the cutting process on the forage harvester. Mown and cut vegetable material is transferred into a silo. The silo may be an underground silo, a silage structure, or a concrete silo or a tower silo. In the silo, the cut plant material is compacted to remove air from the plant material to allow anaerobic fermentation. It may be necessary to seal the silo with a plastic film (silage film) depending on the type of silo used. Another method for compacting and sealing the plant material for fermentation during silage is to package the plant material and wrap the packages in a sealing silage film. Additives may be added to plant material to improve fermentation. The additives may be microbial additives such as Lactobacillus spp. and other inoculants, or acids such as propionic acid, acetic acid or formic acid, or sugars or sugar-containing material, such as molasses. However, other methods for silage production can also be used. An advantage of the silage (silage) production process is the fact that the process does not influence the composition, quantity or availability of the nutritive substances included by the plant material for the production of said silage. On the contrary, the purpose of the process itself is not only to maintain the quality of the plant material as it was prior to the use of such material for silage production, but, in addition, to make forage conservable and to preserve the positive properties of plant material for an extended period of time so that it can be used as fodder long after harvesting has been performed.

“Digestibility” is the property of a plant, part of a plant, plant mix, forage or feed compositions processed from plants (such as silage) to contribute to the nutritional value of a plant, part of a plant, mixture of plants, fodder compositions or animal feed processed from plants (such as silage) describing the relative amount of nutrients (nutrients) that are not excreted through feces but absorbed into an animal's intestinal tract which is fed to the plant, part of the plant, plant mix, fodder compositions or animal feed processed from plants such as silage) which has an impact on said animal's performance. The parameter describing forage digestibility is, for example, Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility (NDFD), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) and Total Digestible Nutrients as a percentage of dry matter (TDN% DM).

The term "Neutral Detergent Fiber Digestibility (NDFD)" should be understood as a measure of fiber after digestion in a neutral detergent as an aid in determining the quality and digestibility of forage. A high NDFD is desirable. Forage evaluation for NDFD digestibility is conducted to help predict the total forage digestibility.

The term "Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF)" represents the least digestible portion of fodder, containing cellulose, lignin, and heat-damaged protein. ADF is closely related to forage digestibility. A low ADF implies a more digestible forage. A low concentration of ADF is desirable.

[0036] The term “Total Digestible Nutrients as a percentage of dry matter (TDN% DM)” describes the total amount of digestible nutrients by measuring available forage energy and animal energy requirements. This is a forage digestibility measurement. A high% DM TDN is desirable.

The term "energy content" includes the content of all ingredients or components of a plant, part of a plant, plant mix, fodder compositions or animal feed processed from plants (such as silage) that contributes to supply for the energy demand of a plant-fed animal, part of a plant, plant mix, forage compositions or plant-processed animal feed (such as silage) for the maintenance of vital functions as basic physiological processes of the said animal and performance of said animal as milk production in the case of a cow, sheep, goat or pig in lactation and / or weight gain. One parameter describing the energy content of fodder is “Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)”.

[0038] The term “Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)” should be understood as a measure of forage fiber content. It is less digestible than non-fibrous forage constituents. Forages with low NDF levels have more energy. Consequently, a low NDF content is desirable.

"Starch" shall be understood to mean the starch content of the fodder together with the digestible component of the fiber. Starch accounts for most of the energy, for example in corn silage.

[0040] The term “Dry Matter (DM)” shall be understood as the total weight of the fodder minus the weight of water in the fodder, expressed as a percentage.

The term "local" is defined as a certain place at a given time used for agricultural, horticultural or forestry production, and is affected by all of the biotic (such as plants, animals, fungi) and abiotic (such as climate, type of soil, water and availability) influencing the growth, development and yield of the present plants.

[0042] The term “crop” shall be understood to mean any plant product which is still used after harvesting, eg fruits in the appropriate sense, vegetables, nuts, grains, seeds, wood (eg in the case of forestry plants), flowers (eg in the case of gardening and ornamental plants) etc .; This means anything of economic value that is produced by the plant.

The term "at least one strobilurin compound" shall be understood to be 1,2, 3, or more strobilurins.

According to the invention, strobilurin compounds, more specifically strobilurins of formula I, are applied to plants used for silage production.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, silage used to feed milk and meat producing animals is derived from Zea mays (maize), grass, clover, sorghum, oats, rye, vetch, alfalfa, grass mixtures. and / or herbs treated with at least one strobilurin compound prior to silage production according to the invention.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one strobilurin compound is applied to plants and / or their propagules comprising Zea mays (maize), grass, clovers, sorghum, oats, rye, vetch, alfalfa, mixtures. of grass and / or herbs.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, silage used to feed milk and meat producing animals is derived from Zea mays (maize) plants treated with at least one strobilurin compound prior to the production of silage according to the present invention. the invention.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the silage used to feed milk and meat producing animals is derived from piraclostrobin-treated Zea mays (maize) plants (compound I-5) prior to the production of silage according to the invention.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the silage used to feed the animals is derived from kresoxim-methyl treated Zea mays (maize) plants (compound 11-1) prior to silage production.

In one embodiment of the invention, the silage according to the invention used to increase the amount of milk is provided as feed to livestock, preferably dairy cattle.

In one embodiment of the invention, silage according to the invention, used to increase the amount of meat, is provided as feed to livestock, preferably beef cattle.

In another embodiment of the invention, the silage according to the invention for increasing the amount of milk is provided as horse feed.

In another embodiment of the invention, the silage according to the invention for increasing the amount of meat is provided as horse food.

In one embodiment of the invention, the compounds of formula I, as defined at the outset, are used.

In addition, the following compounds as listed in the table below may preferably be used in accordance with the invention.

Table I

II

Table II

III

Table 111 IV

Table IV

V

Table V

I saw Table VI

VII

Table VII

VIII

Preferred for use according to the invention are commercially available strobilurin compounds as compound 1-5 (pyraclostrobin), 11-1 (kresoxim-methyl), II-3 (dimoxystrobin), 11-11 methyl ester. (E) -2- [2- (2,5-Dimethyl-phenoxymethyl) -phenyl] -3-methoxy-acrylic acid (ZJ0712), III-3 (picoxystrobin), IV-6 (trifloxystrobin), IV-9 (enestroburin), V-16 (orisastrobin), VI-1 (metominostrobin), VI1-1 (azoxystrobin) and VII-11 (fluoxastrobin).

An additional compound of formula I which is useful according to the invention is fluacrypira (methyl (E) -2- {α- [2-isopropoxy-6- (trifluoromethyl) pyrimidin-4-one). (1-oxoxy) -o-to (3-methoxyacrylate).

Preference for use according to the invention is given to the strobilurin I-5 (piraclostrobin), 11-1 (kresoxim-methyl) and V-16 (orisastrobin) compounds. [0059] Particular preference for the use of According to the invention is given to strobilurin compounds I-5 (piraclostrobin) and 11-1 (kresoxim-methyl).

Preference for use according to the invention is given especially to the strobilurin compound I-5 (piraclostrobin).

Special preference for use according to the invention is also given to the strobilurin 11-1 (kresoxim-methyl) compound.

In the context of the present invention, the term "compounds of formula I" refers to both neutral compounds of formula I and other strobilurin compounds mentioned at the beginning. The compounds of formula I mentioned above may also be employed in the form of their agricultural salts. These are usually salts or adducts with inorganic or organic acids or metal ions such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, for example sodium, potassium or calcium salts.

Examples of inorganic acids are hydrohalic acids such as hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid.

Suitable organic acids are, for example, formic acid, carbonic acid and alkanoic acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and propionic acid, and also glycolic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, oxalic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, p-aminosalicylic acid, 2-phenoxybenzoic acid or 2-acetoxybenzoic acid.

Suitable metal ions are, in particular, element ions of the first to eighth transition groups, especially chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, and in addition those of the second major group, especially calcium and magnesium, and the third and fourth major groups, in particular aluminum, tin and lead. If appropriate, metals may be present in the different valences they may assume.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the strobilurin compound is used in step a) together with an additional active compound.

The strobilurin compounds used according to the invention, specifically the compounds of formula I, may be employed for application to all the above mentioned plants, but also to plant species which differ from them. Depending on the part of the plant to which they are to be applied, they may be applied with apparatus which are known per se and are conventionally used in agricultural practice, where application in the form of an aqueous spray solution or a spray mixture is suitable. preferable.

[0068] The inventive method is suitable for foliar application on live plant crops, for pre-sowing or planting soil applications, including general soil treatment and furrow application, as well as in particular for mulching applications. in plant propagation material. This last term covers seeds of all types (such as fruit, tubers, grains), cuts, cut aerial part and the like. A field of application is the treatment of all types of seeds. A suitable method is application by plane.

Application is by spraying to the dripping point or by seed coating. Either the entire aerial part of the plant or just individual parts of the plant, such as flowers, leaves or fruits, are treated. The choice of individual plant parts to be treated depends on the plant species at its stage of development. Later stages may preferably be treated by leaf applications. In one embodiment, the application is in seed. It is preferable to treat embryos, seedlings, buds and flowers at various stages of development, and new fruits.

The compounds used according to the present invention, particularly the compounds of formula I, are preferably employed at an application rate of 25 to 1000 g / ha (0.0025 to 0.1 g / m2), particularly preferably. from 50 to 500 g / ha (0.005 to 0.05 g / m2) and in particular from 50 to 250g / ha (0.005 to 0.025 g / m2).

A further embodiment of the present invention is directed to seeds being treated with the compounds of formula I according to the present invention.

In seed treatment, the application rate of the compounds of formula I according to the invention are, depending on the nature of the seeds, generally from 1 to 1000 g ai / 100 kg, from 5 to 100 g ai / 100. kg, 5 to 20g ai / 100kg, 5 to 10g ai / 100kg, 30g to 3000g ai / 100kg, 1g to 100g ai / 100kg of seeds, and by "g ai" "gram of active ingredient" means For certain crop seeds, the rates may be higher.

The compositions according to the invention may also be present together with other compounds, for example with herbicides, insecticides, growth regulators, fungicides or fertilizers.

The following list of fungicides, insecticides, growth retardants and initiators that may be used with the strobilurin compound should illustrate, but not limit, possible combinations: Carboxanilide carboxyamides: benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M, benodanil, bixafen, boscalide, carboxin, mepronyl, fenfuram, fenhexamide, flutolanil, furametpir, metalaxyl, ofurace, oxadixyl, oxicarboxin, pentiopirad, tifluzamide, thiadinyl, 2-amino-4-methyl-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid anilide, 2-chloro-N- ( 1,1,3-trimethyl-indan-4-yl) -nicotinamide, N- (4'-bromobiphenyl-2-yl) -4-difluoromethyl-2-methylthiazol-5-carboxamide, N- (4'-trifluoromethylbiphenyl-2-one) yl) -4-difluoromethyl-2-methylthiazole-5-carboxamide, N- (4'-chloro-3'-fluorbiphenyl-2-yl) -4-difluoromethyl-2-methylthiazole-5-carboxamide, N- (3 ' , 4'-Dichloro-4-fluorbiphenyl-2-yl) -3-difluoromethyl-1-methylpyrazol-4-carboxamide, N '- (3', 4'-dichloro-5-fluorbiphenyl-2-yl) -3- difluormethyl-1-methylpyrazol-4-carboxyamide, N- (2-cyanophenyl) -3,4-dichloroisothiazole 1-5-carboxamide, N- (2- (1,3-dimethyl-butyl) -phenyl) -1,3,3-trimethyl-5-fulor-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid amide, N- (4'-chloro-3 ', 5-difluor-biphenyl-2-yl) -3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid, N- (4'-chloro acid amide -3 ', 5-Difluor-biphenyl-2-yl) -3-trifluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid N- (3', 4'-dichloro-5-fluorobutylamide biphenyl-2-yl) -3-trifluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid N- (3 ', 5-difluor-4'-methyl-biphenyl-2-yl) -3-amide -difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1 H -pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid N- (3 ', 5-difluor-4'-methylbiphenyl-2-yl) -3-trifluoromethyl-1-methyl-1 H- pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid N- (cis-2-bicyclopropyl-2-yl-phenyl) -3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid amide 2-bicyclopropyl-2-yl-phenyl) -3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-carboxylic acid; carboxylic acid morpholides: dimethomorph, fluorumor; benzamides: flumetover, fluopicolide (picobenzamide), fluopyram, zoxamide, N- (3-ethyl-3,5-trimethyl-cyclohexyl) -3-formylamino-2-hydroxy-benzamide; other carboxyamides: carpropamide, diclocimet, mandipropamide, oxytetracycline, siltiofam, N- (6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl) cyclopropanecarboxylic acid amide, N- (2- (4- [3- (4-chlorophenyl) prop-2 -inyloxy] -3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2-methanesulfonylamino-3-methylbutyramide, N- (2- (4- [3- (4-chlorophenyl) prop-2-ynyloxy] 3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl) -2 -ethanesulfonylamino-3-methylbutyramide;

Triazole azoles: azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diphenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, enylconazole, epoxiconazole, phenbuconazole, fusilazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, miclobutazole, propylazole, propylazole , uniconazole, 1- (4-chloro-phenyl) -2 - ([1,2,4] triazol-1-yl) -cycloheptanol; imidazoles: ciazofamide, imazalyl, imazalyl sulfate, pefurazoate, prochloraz, triflumizole; benzimidazoles: benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole; others: etaboxam, etridiazole, himexazole;

Nitrogenous Heterocyclic Compounds pyridines: fluazinam, pyrifenox, 3- [5- (4-chlorophenyl) -2,3-dimethylisoxazolidin-3-yl] pyridine, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-methanesulfonyl-pyridine, 3, 4,5-Trichloro-pyridine-2,6, -dicarbonitrile, N - ((5-bromo-3-chloro-pyridin-2-yl) -ethyl) -2,4-dichloro-nicotinamide, N - ((5 -bromo-3-chloro-pyridin-2-yl) methyl) -2,4-dichloro-nicotinamide; pyrimidines: bupirimate, cyprodinil, diflumetorim, ferimzone, fenarimol, mepanipyrim, nitrapirin, nuarimol, pyrimethanil; piperazine: triforine; pyrroles: fludioxonil, phenpiclonil; morpholines: aldimorf, dodemorf, acetate dodemorf, fenpropimorf, tridemorf; dicarboximides: iprodione, fluorimide, procimidone, vinclozoline; other: acibenzolar-S-methyl, anilazine, blasticidin-S, captane, quinomethionate, captafol, dazomet, debacarb, diclomezine, difenzoquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, phenoxanil, folpet, oxolinic acid, piperaline, phenpropidine, famoxadone, phenamidone, phenectin , proquinazid, pyroalkone, quinoxyphen, tricyclazole, 5-chloro-7- (4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) -6- (2,4,6-trifluorphenyl) - [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5- a] pyrimidine, 2-butoxy-6-iodo-3-propylchromen-4-one, N, N-dimethyl-3- (3-bromo-6-fluor-2-methylindol-1-sulfonyl) - [1,2 , 4] triazole-1-sulfonamide;

Carbamates And dithiocarbamates dithiocarbamates: ferbam, mancozeb, maneb, metham, metam, metasulfocarb, propineb, tiram, zineb, ziram; carbamates: dietofencarb, bentiavalicarb, flubentiavalicarb, iprovalicarb, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, methyl 3- (4-chlorophenyl) -3- (2-isopropoxycarbonylamino-3-methylbutyrylamino) propionate, 4-fluorophenyl N- (1 - (1 - ( 4-cyanophenyl) ethanesulfonyl) but-2-yl) carbamate;

Other guanidine fungicides: dodine, dodine free base, guazatin, guazadine acetate, iminoctadine, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine-tris (albesylate); antibiotics: kasugamycin, hydrochlorhydrochloride kasugamycin, polyoxins, streptomycin, validamycin A; organometal compounds: fentin salts (e.g., fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide); sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds: isoprothiolane, dithianone; organophosphorus compounds: edifenphos, fosetil, aluminum fosetyl, iprobenfos, pyrazophos, methyl tolclophos, phosphorous acid and its salts; organochlorine compounds: methyl thiophanate, chlorothalonyl, dichlofluanid, dichlorophen, flusulfamide, phthalide, hexachlorobenzene, pencicuron, pentachlorophenol and salts thereof, fifth-benzene, tolifluanide, N- (4-chloro-2-nitro-phenyl) -N-ethyl-4 methyl benzenesulfonamide; nitrophenyl derivatives: binapacryl, dichlorane, dinocap, dinobuton, nitrotalisopropyl, tecnazen; inorganic active compounds: Bordeaux mixture, copper salts (eg copper acetate, copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, basic copper sulfate), sulfur; others: biphenyl, bronopol, ciflufenamide, cimoxanil, diphenylamine, metrafenone, mildiomycin, copper oxine, calcium prohexadionone, spiroxamine, tolifluanide, acetamide N- (cyclopropylmethoxyimino (6-difluoromethoxy) 2,3-difluoromethyl) -2-phenylformamidine N '- (4- {4-doro-3-trifluoromethylphenoxy) -2,5-dimethylphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyl, formamidine N- ¢ 4- (4-fluoromethyl) 3-trifluoromethyl-phenoxy) -2,5-dimethyl-phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyl, formamidine N 1- (2-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-4- (3- trimethylsilanyl-propoxy) -phenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyl, formamidine N1- (5-difluoromethyl-2-methyl-4- (3-trimethylsilanyl-propoxy) -feml) -N-ethyl-N-methyl;

Plant Growth Regulators (Pgrsi: auxins (e.g., β-indolacetic acid (IAA), 4-indol-3-iibutyric acid (IBA), 2- (1-naphthyl) acetamide (NAA)}, cytokinins, gibberellins, ethylene abscfsic acid.

Growth Retardants: prohexadione and its salts, trinexapac-ethyl, clormequat, mepiquat chloride, diflufenzopyr.

Initiators: benzothiadiazole (BTH), salicylic acid and its derivatives, β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), neonicotinoids (eg acetamipride, clothianidine, dynetofuran, imidacyclopride , thiamethoxam).

GABA antagonists: for example, fipronil.

Ethylene Modulators: Ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors, which inhibit the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), such as vinylglycine derivatives, hydroxylamines, oxime ether derivatives; ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors that block the conversion of ACC to ethylene, selected from the group consisting of: Co ++ or Ni ++ ions in available plant forms; phenolic radical absorber, such as n-propyl gallate; polyamines, such as putrescine, spermine or spermidine; ACC structural analogs such as α-aminoisobutyric acid or L-aminocyclopropene-1-carboxylic acid; salicylic acid or acibenzolar-S-methyl; structural ascorbic acid analogues that act as ACC oxidase inhibitors such as prohexadione-Ca or trinexapac-ethyl; and triazolyl compounds such as paclobutrazol or uniconazole as P-450-dependent monooxygenase-dependent cytochrome inhibitors whose primary action is to block the biosynthesis of gibberellins; ethylene action inhibitors selected from the group consisting of: ethylene structural analogs (eg, cyclopropene derivatives such as 1-methylcyclopropene) or 2,5-norbornadiene and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or ions from Ag ++.

In a preferred embodiment, strobilurin compounds, specifically compounds of formula I, are used according to the invention in combination with: Abscisic acid is (S) (+) - 5- (1-hydroxy-2 acid) , 6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexenyl) -3-methyl-cis / trans-2,4-pentadenoic acid.

The above-mentioned active compounds are generally known and commercially available.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the compounds of formula I are used to increase the amount of milk of silage fed animals.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the compounds of formula I are used to increase the amount of meat of silage fed animals.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of at least one strobilurin compound according to step a) may be performed in the absence of pest pressure.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the application of at least one strobilurin compound according to step a) may be by airplane.

In plant physiology, "initiators" are compounds known as initiator activity. The term initiator is known as a process, which ultimately results in better plants' ability to cope with biotic (eg fungal pathogens) and abiotic (eg, drought) stress. Since primers interact in complex ways with plant signaling, they can generally be classified as a subgroup of bioregulators (Revised in Conrath et al. (2006) Priming: Getting ready for battle. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 19: 1062-1071).

[0082] “Ethylene modulators” should be understood as substances that block the natural formation of the ethylene plant hormone or its action. [Revisions, for example, in M. Lieberman (1979), Biosynthesis and Action of Ethylene, Annual Review of Plant Physiology 30: 533-591; S.F. Yang and N.E. Hoffman (1984), Ethylene Biosynthesis and its Regulation in Higher Polants, Annual Review of Plant Physiology 35: 155-189; E.S. Sisler et. there. (2003), 1-substituted cyclopropenes: Effective blocking agents for ethylene action in plants, Plant Growth Regulation 40: 223-228; WO / 2005/044002].

The strobilurin compounds used according to the invention, specifically the compounds of formula I, or combinations thereof, may be applied to plants and / or propagules and / or places where plants are growing or will grow as a mixture. or separately; In the latter case, individual components should be applied within the smallest possible range.

Typically, strobilurin compounds are employed in the form of an aqueous spray liquid comprising said strobilurin compound in an amount of 5 to 1000 ppm.

Application rates of at least one strobilurin compound according to the invention are in the range 25 to 1000 g / ha (0.0025 to 0.1 g / m2).

According to a further aspect, the present invention relates to the seed, comprising one of the inventive compositions as defined herein in an amount of from 5 to 1000 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seeds.

The compounds used according to the invention, specifically the strobilurin compounds of formula I, or their combination with the aforementioned auxiliaries, are typically employed as formulations, as they are conventionally used in the field of crop protection.

The active compound (s) according to the invention may be prepared, for example, as directly sprayable solutions, powders or suspensions, or as granules, spreading compositions, powders, aqueous, oily or other highly concentrated pastes, oil dispersions, emulsions, dispersions, or suspensions, and be applied by spraying, atomizing, fumigation, diffusion, irrigation, chemigation (for example, by injecting a chemical into the irrigation water and applying the chemical through various crop or field systems) or colored suspension, solution, emulsion to be applied as such or as a water based paste with seed treatment machinery. The form of use depends on the particular purpose; In each case, it should ensure the distribution of the mixture according to the invention, which is as thin and uniform as possible.

The formulations are prepared in a known manner (see, for example, for review, US 3,060,084, EP-A 707 445 (for liquid concentrates), Browning, Agglomeration, Chemical Engineering, December 4, 1967 , 147-48, Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook, 4th edition, McGraw-Hiil, New York, 1963, pages 8-57 and et seq. WO 91/13546, US 4,172,714, US 4,144,050, US 3,920,442, US 5,180,587, US 5,232,701, US 5,208,030, GB 2,095,558, US 3,299,566, Klingman, Weed Control as a Science, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 1961, Hance et al, Weed Control Handbook, 8th edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1989, and Mollet, H., Grubemann, A., Formulation technology, Wiley VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim (Germany), 2001, 2. DA Knowles, Chemistry and technology of Agrochemical Formulations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998 (ISBN 0-7514-0443-8), for example, by extending the active compound with suitable adjuvants for agrochemical formulation. such as solvents and / or carriers, if desired, emulsifiers, surfactants, and dispersants, preservatives, antifoam agents, antifreeze agents, for seed treatment formulation also optionally colorants and / or binders and / or agents gelling agents.

Examples of suitable solvents are water, aromatic solvents (eg Solvesso, xylene products), paraffins (eg mineral oil fractions), alcohols (eg methanol, butanol, pentanol, benzyl alcohol), ketones ( cyclohexanone, gamma-butyrolactone), pyrrolidones (NMP, NOP), acetates (glycol diacetate), glycols, fatty acid dimethylamides, fatty acids and fatty acid esters. In principle, solvent mixtures may also be used.

Suitable emulsifiers are ionic and nonionic emulsifiers (e.g. polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol esters, alkylsulfonates and arylsulfonates).

Examples of dispersants are liquid lignin sulfite residue and methylcellulose.

Suitable surfactants used are alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium metal salts of lignosulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid, dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates and fatty acid ethers sulfated fatty alcohol in addition, sulphonated naphthalene condensates and naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, naphthalene or naphthalene sulfonic acid condensates with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, octiphenol, ethoxylated nonylphenol, polyphenyl polyglycol ethers, polyphenyl ether, polyglycol ether, polyphenyl ether polyglycol tristearylphenyl ether, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, ethoxylated polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyglycol ether lauryl alcohol, sorbitol esters, lignosulfide liquids and methylcellulose.

Substances which are suitable for the preparation of directly sprayable oil solutions, emulsions, pastes or dispersions are medium to high boiling mineral oil fractions, such as kerosene or diesel oil, in addition to oils of coal tar and vegetable or animal oils, aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, for example, toluene, xylene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, naphthalenes or their derivatives, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, isophorone, highly solvent polar, for example dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone or water.

In addition, antifreeze agents such as glycerine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and bactericides such as may be added to the formulation.

Suitable antifoam agents are, for example, silicon or magnesium stearate based antifoam agents.

Suitable condoms are, for example, dichlorophene and enzymatic alcohol-normal.

Seed treatment formulations may further comprise binders and optionally colorants.

Binders may be added to improve the adhesion of active materials to seeds after treatment. Suitable binders are surfactants EO / PO block copolymers, but also polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polybutenes, polysobutylenes, polystyrene, polyethylene amines, polyethylene amides, polyethyleneimines (Lupasol ®, Polyminate, polyetheres, polyetheres, polyetheres, polyethers, polyethers, of these polymers.

Optionally, the colorants may be included in the formulation. Suitable colorants or dyes for seed treatment formulations are Rhodamin B, C.l. Red Pigment 112, C.l. Red Solvent 1, blue pigment 15: 4, blue pigment 15: 3, blue pigment 15: 2, blue pigment 15: 1, blue pigment 80, yellow pigment 1, yellow pigment 13, red pigment 112, red pigment 48: 2, red pigment 48: 1, red pigment 57: 1, red pigment 53: 1, orange pigment 43, orange pigment 34, orange pigment 5, green pigment 36, green pigment 7, white pigment 6, brown pigment 25, basic violet 10 , basic violet 49, acid red 51, acid red 52, acid red 14, acid blue 9, acid yellow 23, basic red 10, basic red 108.

[00101] Powders, spreading materials and dustable products may be prepared by concomitantly mixing or crushing the active substances with a solid carrier.

Granules, for example, coated granules, impregnated granules and homogeneous granules, can be prepared by binding the active compounds to solid carriers.

Examples of solid carriers are mineral soil such as silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, attaclay, limestone, lime, chalk, Armenian cake, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, crushed synthetic materials, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and plant products such as cereal flour, bark flour, wood flour and nut shell flour, cellulose powders and other solid carriers.

In general, the formulations comprise from 0.01 to 95% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 90% by weight, of one of the active compound (s). In this case, the active compound (s) are employed in a purity of 90% to 100% by weight, preferably 95% to 100% by weight (according to NMR spectrum).

Active compound concentrations in ready-to-use preparations may vary within relatively large ranges. In general they are from 0.0001 to 10%, preferably from 0.01 to 1% by weight.

The active compounds can also be successfully used in the ultra low volume (ULV) process, and it is possible to apply formulations comprising above 95% by weight of active compound, or even to apply the active compound without additives.

For seed treatment purposes, the respective formulations may be diluted 2 to 10 times leading to concentrations in ready-to-use preparations of 0.01 to 60% by weight of active compound by weight, preferably 0.1 to 40. % by weight.

The compounds of formula I may be used as such, in the form of their formulations, or in the forms of use prepared from, for example, in the form of directly sprayable solutions, powders, suspensions, or dispersions, emulsions, dispersions. oil, pastes, sprinkles, spreading materials, or granules by spraying, atomising, dusting, diffusing, or spilling. The forms of use depend entirely on the ends; they are intended in each case to ensure the finest possible distribution of the active compound (s) according to the invention.

Aqueous forms of use may be prepared from concentrated emulsions, pastes, or wettable powders (sprayable powders, oil dispersions) by the addition of water. To prepare oil emulsions, pastes or dispersions, the substances as such or dissolved in an oil or solvent may be homogenized in water by means of a humectant, tackiness enhancer, dispersant or emulsifier. However, it is also possible to prepare concentrates composed of active substance, wetting, tackifier, dispersant or emulsifier and, if appropriate, solvent or oil and such concentrates are suitable for dilution in water.

The following are examples of formulations: 1. Water dilution products for foliar applications. For seed treatment purposes, such products may be applied to the diluted or undiluted seed. A) Water Soluble Concentrates (SL, LS) 10 parts by weight of the active compound (s) are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of water or a water soluble solvent. Alternatively, humidifiers or other auxiliaries are added. The active compound (s) dissolves upon dilution with water, whereby a formulation with 10% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained. B) Dispersible Concentrates (DC) 20 parts by weight of active compound (s) are dissolved in 70 parts by weight of cyclohexanone with the addition of 10 parts by weight of a dispersant, for example polyvinylpyrrolidone. Dilution with water produces a dispersion whereby a formulation with 20% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained. C) Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC) 15 parts by weight of active compound (s) are dissolved in 7 parts by weight of xylene with the addition of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (in each case 5 parts by weight). . Dilution with water produces an emulsion whereby a formulation with 15% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained. D) Emulsions (EW, EO, ES) 25 parts by weight of the active compound (s) are dissolved in 35 parts by weight of xylene with the addition of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (each case 5 parts by weight). This mixture is introduced into 30 parts by weight of water by means of an emulsifying machine (eg Ultraturrax) and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilution with water produces an emulsion whereby a formulation with 25% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained. E) Suspensions (SC, OD, FS) In a stirred spherical end mill, 20 parts by weight of active compound (s) are fragmented by the addition of 10 parts by weight of dispersants, wetting agents and 70 parts. parts by weight of water or an organic solvent to produce a thin suspension of active compound (s). Dilution with water yields a stable suspension of the active compound (s), whereby a formulation with 20% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained. F) Water dispersible granules and water soluble granules (WG, SG) 50 parts by weight of the active compound (s) are finely ground with the addition of 50 parts by weight of dispersants, wetting agents and produced in water dispersible or water soluble granules by means of technical instruments (eg extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water produces a stable dispersion or solution of the active compound (s) whereby a 50% (w / w) active compound (s) formulation is obtained. G) Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders (WP, SP, SS, WS) 75 parts by weight of active compound (s) are sprayed onto a 25 part rotor-stator cutter by weight of dispersants, wetting agents and silica gel. Dilution with water provides a stable solution or dispersion of the active compound (s), wherein a formulation with 75% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained.

Gel Formulation (GF) In a stirred spherical end mill, 20 parts by weight of the active compound (s) are blended with the addition of 10 parts by weight of dispersants, 1 part by weight of wetting agents. gels and 70 parts by weight of water or an organic solvent to result in a suspension of fine active compound (s). Dilution with water results in a stable suspension of the active compound (s), whereby a 20% (w / w) formulation of active compound (s) is obtained. 2. Products to be applied undiluted for foliar applications. For seed treatment purposes, such products should be applied diluted to the seed. I) Powderable powders (DP, DS) 5 parts by weight of active compound (s) are finely sprayed and well mixed with 95 parts by weight of finely divided kaolin. This results in a dustable product that has 5% (w / w) active compound (s). J) Granules (GR, FG, GG, MG) 0.5 parts by weight of active compound (s) are finely pulverized and are associated with 95.5 parts by weight of carriers, whereby a formulation with 0.5% (w / w) active compound (s) is obtained. Current methods are extrusion, spray drying or fluidized bed. This results in granules to be applied undiluted for foliar use. K) ULV Solutions (UL) 10 parts by weight of active compound (s) are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of an organic solvent, for example xylene. This results in a product that has 10% (w / w) active compound (s), which is applied undiluted for foliar use.

Conventional seed treatment formulations include, for example, FS dispersible concentrates, LS solutions, DS dry treatment powders, WS slurry water dispersible powders, SS water soluble powders and ES emulsion and EC and GF gel formulation. These formulations may be applied to the seed in diluted or undiluted form. Seed application is performed before sowing and also directly on the seed.

In a preferred embodiment, an FS formulation is used for seed treatment. Typically, an FS formulation may comprise from 1 to 800 g / l of active ingredient, 1 to 200 g / l of surfactant, 0 to 200 g / l of antifreeze, 0 to 400 g / l of binders, 0 to 200 g / l of a pigment and more than 1 liter of a solvent, preferably water.

Various types of oils, humectants, adjuvants, herbicides, fungicides, other pesticides or bactericides may be added to the active compounds, if appropriate, not until immediately prior to use (tank mix). These agents may be mixed with the agents according to the invention in a weight ratio of 1: 100 to 100: 1, preferably 1:10 to 10: 1.

Suitable adjuvants in this regard are in particular: organically modified polysiloxanes, e.g. Break Thru S 240®, alcohol alkoxylates, for example Atplus 245®, Atplus MBA 1303®, Plurafac LF 300®, and Lutensol ON 30®, polymers in EO / PO block, for example Pluronic RPE 2035® E Genapol B®, alcohol ethoxylates, for example Lutensol XP 80® and sodium dioctisulfosuccinate, for example Leophen RA®.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but without imposing any limitation.

Examples Field tests were conducted as strip tests on farm fields in 2006 and 2008. Part of the field was treated with piraclostrobin applied as Headline® while another part was left untreated. Headline® was applied in 0.44 l / ha (0.044 ml / m2) tassel emersion (110 g of pyraclostrobin per ha [per 10000 m2]) by aerial or terrestrial application with a high release sprinkler. The total spray volume was 93.5 to 187 l / ha (9.35 to 18.7 ml / m2) for terrestrial application and 18.7 to 46.7 l / ha (1.87 to 4.67 ml). / m2) for aerial application, respectively. Water was used as a carrier to prepare the spray mixture.

The tests were harvested using a commercial forage harvester when the maize crop reached a dry matter content of about 30 to 40%. The treated and untreated area of the field was separately harvested to obtain a total biomass yield (ton / acre). Subsequently, harvested plant material was used to produce silage.

Forage samples from harvested plants were taken from both the treated and untreated areas of the field. Samples were taken from the material collected from the forage wagon followed by cutting by the commercial harvester. Multiple forage samples were taken for each of both treatments manually during harvest in each test, mixed in a large reservoir and a subsample of 1.3 to 2.25 kg was taken. The subsamples were placed in sealed, cooled plastic bags and sent to Agsource Soil and Forage Laboratory, 106 North Cecil Street, Bonduel WI54107, USA for analysis of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS).

Typically, samples for NIRS analysis are first dried at 55 to 65 ° C for 24h to 48h prior to analysis. A representative subsample is then dried at 105 ° C for an additional 12h to 24h to assess the dry matter content of the samples. Subsequently, the remaining sample is ground and homogenized and, again, a representative subsample is used for NIRS analysis. The NIRS analysis procedure uses a commercially available calibration to stimulate the values for each quality parameter based on the obtained spectral reflectance information. Calibrations are based on near infrared reflectance spectrum of samples with known quality data. Comparing the spectrum of samples with unknown quality data with the spectrum of known samples allows the estimated calculations for each quality parameter of interest.

NIRS analysis provided dry matter, crude protein, Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and starch data. Calculations were included for moisture, adjusted crude protein, Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN), Net Energy for Lactation (NEL), Net Energy for Gain (NEG) and protein solubility.

The information was then entered into the University of Wiscosin MILK Corn Silage Assessment System 2006. The calculations of milk yield, energy content and digestibility per tonne of corn biomass were performed using a calculation method described in: a) Schwab, EC, and RD Shaver. 2001: “Evaluation of corn silage nutritive value using MILK2000” (pages 21 to 24) in Proc. of 25th Forage Production and Use Symposium. Wl Forage Council Annual Mtg. Hey Claire, Wl. b) Schwab, E. C., R. D. Shaver. J. G. Lauer, and J. G. Coors. 2003: “Estimating silage energy value and milk yield to rank with hybrids”. J. Anim. Feed I know. Technol. 109: 1 to 18. As in: c) Undersander, D.J., W.T. Howard, and R.D. Shaver. 1993: “Milk per acre spreadsheet for combining yield and quality into a single term”. J. Prod. Ag. 6: 231 to 235.

Example 1 Maryland 2006 In 2006, a total of 16 strip tests were conducted in Queen Ann County, MD. The organization of tests, treatments, application, collection, sampling and quality analysis including calculation of milk yield per tonne and per acre followed by the procedure described above. Data on harvested biomass quality and milk yield are shown in Table VIII.

Table VIII: Mean values for crude protein content (% CP), neutral detergent fiber content (% NDF), in vitro 48h digestible NDF expressed as percentage NDF (% NDFD), starch content (% starch), total digestible nutrients as a percentage of dry matter (TDN% DM) and the calculated value for milk produced per ton of silage f Milk iko / ttt.

As can be seen from Table VIII, treatment of piraclostrobin increased digestibility {% NDFD by + 3.9%; TDN% DM by + 3.6%), the energy content (% NDF by -4.8% (a reduction in% NDF results in an increase in energy content); Starch by + 10.2%)) and milk yield calculated per ton of silage by + 5.9%.

Example 2 Wiscosin 2006 [00124] In 2006, a total of 7 strip tests were conducted in Manitowoe County, Wl. The organization of tests, treatments, application, collection, sampling and quality analysis including calculation of milk yield per tonne and per acre followed by the procedure described above. Harvested biomass quality and milk yield data are shown in Table IX.

Table IX: Mean values for crude protein content (% CP), acid detergent fiber content (% ADF), neutral detergent fiber content (% NDF), 48h in vitro digestible NDF expressed as a percentage of NDF (% NDFD), starch content (% starch), total digestible nutrients as a percentage of dry matter (TDN% DM) and the calculated value for milk produced per ton of silage (Milk (kg / t)).

As can be seen from Table IX, the treatment of pyrrhostrobin increased digestibility (% NDFD by + 13.2%; ADF by -16.2% (a reduction in ADF results in an increase in digestibility)). ), energy content (% NDF by - 13.4% (a reduction in% NDF results in an increase in energy content); Starch by + 13.7%) and milk yield calculated per tonne of silage per + 14.0%, Example 3 New York 2006 In 2006, a total of 2 strip tests were conducted in Waterloo, NY. The organization of tests, treatments, application, collection, sampling and quality analysis including calculation of milk yield per tonne and per acre followed by the procedure described above. Harvested biomass quality and milk yield data are shown in Table X.

[00128] Table X: Mean values for dry matter content, crude protein content (% CP), neutral detergent fiber content (% NDF), in vitro 48h digestible NDF expressed as a percentage of NDF (% NDFD), starch content (% starch), total digestible nutrients as a percentage of dry matter (TDN% DM) and the calculated value for milk produced per ton of silage (Milk (kg / t)).

As can be seen from Table X, treatment of piraclostrobin increased digestibility {% NDFD by -16.8% (a reduction in% NDF results in an increase in energy content); Starch by + 15.3%}) and milk yield calculated per ton of silage by + 21.2%.

Example 4 Wisconsin 2008 [00130] Eight different varieties of maize hybrids were tested in a field trial in Unity, Wisconsin in 2008. The organization of testing, treatment, application, harvesting, sampling and quality analysis including yield calculation of milk per tonne followed by the procedure described above. Each hybrid was either treated with piraclostrobin as described above or untreated. Quality data were converted to milk yield per tonne of biomass harvested for each hybrid as described above.

[00131] Table XI: Milk yield calculated for different Diraclostrobin treated or untreated maize hybrids.

[00132] The data show that estracyl uri in piraclostrobin improves milk yield per tonne of harvested corn biomass used to produce feed silage through the eight different maize hybrids tested regardless of genetic background.

As shown in the present examples, corn used to produce feed silage is improved on key quality parameters such as protein content, starch content, fiber content, digestibility and energy content. Accordingly, the nutritional value of forage that is treated with piraclostrobin and which is used for ensiling is improved resulting in more milk produced per ton of forage or silage respectively.

Claims

Claims (12)

1. METHOD FOR INCREASING THE QUANTITY OF MILK AND / OR MEAT OF SILAGE-FEED ANIMALS, characterized by the fact that it comprises the following steps: a) treat plants and / or propagules and / or places where plants are growing or will grow with piraclostrobin (b) produce silage from plants treated in accordance with step (a) c) feed milk and / or meat producing animals with silage produced in accordance with step (b) produced from plants treated with according to step a), Method according to claim 1, characterized in that piraclostrobin is used in step a) together with an additional active compound. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the plants and / or propagules are selected from maize, grasses, clovers, sorghum, oats, rye, vetches, alfalfa, mixtures of grasses and herbs. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that piraclostrobin is applied to maize. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that piraclostrobin is applied as a seed treatment. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the silage-fed animals are selected from cattle, sheep, pigs, horses and goats. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the amount of milk in silage-fed animals is increased by at least 3%. SILAGE FOR ANIMAL FEEDING, characterized in that it is produced from piraclostrobin-treated plants as defined in claim 1 prior to the production of said silage. SILAGE according to claim 8, characterized in that said silage shows improved digestibility. SILAGE according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that said silage shows an increased energy content. 11. USE OF PIRACLOSTROBINE, characterized in that it is to increase the amount of milk of dairy-fed animals fed with silage. 12. USE OF PIRACLOSTROBINE, characterized in that it is for increasing the amount of meat of silage-fed meat-producing animals.