BR9917806B1 - pheromone composition for treating stress or anxiety in mammals, and solution. - Google Patents

Description

1 ΡΙ9917806-0 "Pheromone Composition for the Treatment of Stress or Anxiety in Mammals, and Solution"

Divided from PI9907151-7, filed January 21, 1999

1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a composition which

comprises a mixture of fatty acids or derivatives thereof from mammalian mammary gland secretions. This composition can be used to reduce tension, anxiety and aggression in mammals.

2. BACKGROUND AND PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

Tension, by definition, is the reaction of an animal's body to

deleterious forces, infections, and various abnormal states that tend to disrupt homeostasis.

Animals exposed to stress respond with changes in autonomic and neuroendocrine system activity and behavior. Activation of these biological systems is a prerequisite for the animal to suffer from tension and thus the main resource that will provide adequate biological defense against a threat that challenges the animal's homeostasis. Moberg, G. P. Animal Stress, pp. 27-49 (1985); Vogel, W. H. Neuropsychobiology, 13 pp. 129-135 (1985).

In animals, including humans, tension stimulates the

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release, which controls the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex.

In humans, tension can lead to medical problems such as ulcers and erosions, acute gastritis and diarrhea. Erythrocytosis attacks, inflammatory bowel disease, heart attacks and ischemia are all influenced by tension. Indeed, there is a valid clinical impression that psychic or emotional tension and anxiety are associated with overt precipitation of ischemic heart disease and sudden death. See Harrison's Principles of International Medicine, McGraw-Hill Inc., 12th Edition (1991).

PI9917806-0 Animals such as pigs, dogs, cattle and others are also influenced by changes in their environment. The result of animals being taken from their environment, being grouped together and transporter, often results in tension for the animals. As a consequence, pathological disorders, mortality, growth retardations, and behavioral disorders often occur under stress-related conditions. Behavioral disturbances often lead to aggressive feuds when animals are mixed.

It is well known, for example, that social tension is common during the growing period. This tension often occurs as a consequence of separation from the mother, transferring to a new environment and mixing with unknown new animals. In the field of breeding, social tension often occurs with piglets.

Social tension often leads to agonistic behavior among animals, consisting of strife or attempted escape. For example, piglets start fighting within hours of birth, and when pigs of any age meet, a fight is likely to occur. See McGlone, J.J. Journal of Animal Science, 68 pages 86-97 (1990).

In fact, it has been observed that when pigs fight they assume a particular stance in which they face each other with their shoulders pressed together. The purpose of this position is to bite your opponents ears. The winner takes three times more bites in the ear than the loser. Although pigs rarely kill each other, strife often inflicts major injuries during the battle, especially on the head, ears, neck, and shoulders. McGlone, above, suggests that a pheromone is released during the end of a fight, which

It is a sign of submission.

Because of the variety of forms and effects of aggression associated with tension and especially anxiety-related problems, clinical specialists have sought to cure or prevent these problems by treatment with psychotropic or neuroleptic medications. Among the categories of medications that have been used for tension-related problems, amperazide, chlorpromazine, azaperone, haloperidol, properciazine, prochlorperazine, diazepam, meprobamate, phenobarbital, phenothiazines and butyrophenones should be mentioned.

For example, Dantzer, R., in Veterinary Science Communications, 1, pages 161-169 (1977), examines the use of neuroleptic medicines for fattening animals to improve production as well as the use of tranquilizers to reduce the problems of fattening. tension.

Kyriakis & Anderson in J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap., 12, pages 232-236 (1989) present the use of amperozide to modify social behavior and treat debilitating pig syndrome. Debilitating pig syndrome is a phenomenon by which strained piglets degenerate to death.

However, no one knows the long-term effects of these medicines when humans consume the meat of animals given the various medicines. In fact, in many cases, the administration of neuroleptic drugs in feed to fattening animals does not directly improve production and has adverse effects, such as slower weight gain, a decline in milk yield in dairy cows, and a decline in feed intake. eggs laid in the case of poultry. In some cases, delayed sexual maturity has also been observed. Dantzer, above.

By definition, pheromones are substances released by the body that cause a reaction predicted by another individual of the same species.

Several different glands that produce pheromones are known in male mammals, such as the submaxillary salivary glands, parathyroid glands, and sebaceous glands.

Pheromones that are secreted in submaxillary salivary and parathyroid glands in males are used to mark females during courtship. In wild boars, secretion of these glands results in agonistic behavior. These secretions are known to contain a mixture of androstenol and androsterone.

The use of genital pheromones to increase artificial insemination in pigs has been described, for example, by Komonov et al., Russian application 1720640 A1, wherein said pig genital pheromone comprises butyric acid, acetic acid and capric acid. This reference fails to describe the use of a genital pheromone to reduce tension and anxiety.

Maternal odors are known to have an attractive effect on piglets and play an important role in maternal-neonatal behavior in pigs. Piglets are known to ingest maternal feces and are attracted to this substance. Tesch and McGlone (J. Anim. Sci. 68, pages 3563-3570 (1990). Thus, olfactory communication between sow and litter occurs through the production of attractive substances.

Because of this maternal attraction, when piglets are separated from their mothers, tension-related behavior often results, which leads to increased strife and tension-related weight loss.

This phenomenon is also observed in other mammals, such as humans, when a child is separated from its mother, leading the child to anxiety.

Therefore, the treatment of tension and tension-related symptoms without using the various tranquilizer drugs in mammals

has not been reached.

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide alternative treatment for tension and anxiety in mammals. Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel composition that addresses stress without having the side effects of tranquilizer drugs.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a treatment for reducing aggressive behavior in mammals.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a composition that enhances weight gain in mammals.

Still another object of the present invention is to reduce mortality and morbidity during infectious events in mammals.

Still another object of the present invention is to reduce the efficiency of food conversion; that is, the ratio of food consumed / weight gain.

These and other objects are obtained by the present invention as evidenced by the summary of the invention, the description of preferred embodiments, and the claims.

SUMMARY OF THIS INVENTION

In one aspect of the composition, the present invention provides a composition comprising pheromonal secretions obtained from the skin around mammalian mammary glands.

In another aspect of the composition, the present invention provides a basic pheromone composition comprising palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and derivatives thereof, which composition has a tranquilizing effect on all mammals.

In yet another aspect of the composition, the present invention provides a basic pheromone composition comprising palmitic acid, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid and derivatives thereof, which composition also has a tranquilizing effect on all mammals. In another aspect of the composition, the present invention provides a composition comprising capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and derivatives thereof in a solution.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a

a composition comprising from about 18% to 31.2% (% w / wt%) of palmitic acid, about 34.3% to 47.2% (% w / wt%) of linoleic acid, about 28, 7% to 42,8% (% w /% w) of oleic acid, and its derivatives.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising from about 18% to 31.2% (% w /% w) palmitic acid, about 34.3% to 47.2% (% w / w). % w) linoleic acid, about 8.7% to 16% (% w /% w) palmitoleic acid, about 15.7% to 30.7% (% w /% w) oleic acid, and their derivatives.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a solution comprising between 0.5% to 3.5% (% w /% w) capric acid, 2.8% to 8.7% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 3.9% to 9.6% (% w /% w) myristic acid, 7.5% to 13.8% (% w /% w) palmitoleic acid, about 15.5% 26.8% (% w /% w) palmitic acid, 29.5% to 40.6% (% w /% w) linoleic acid, 13.5% to 26.4% (% w /%) p) of oleic acid and its derivatives. In yet another preferred embodiment, the present invention

provides a composition or solution comprising 13.5% to 40.3% (% w / wt%) of oleic acid, 15.5% to 31.4% (% w / wt%) palmitic acid, 20, 2% to 40.6% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid, and 2% to 10.1% (% w /% w) of myristic acid, and derivatives thereof. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a

composition or solution comprising 20.1% to 40.3% (% w / wt%) of oleic acid, 19.2% to 31.4% (% wt%) of palmitic acid, 20.2% 30.1% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid, and 2% to 10.1% (% w /% w) of myristic acid, and derivatives thereof. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for treating tension in a mammal, said method comprising the step of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a pheromone composition comprising secretions derived from the skin around the mammary glands of mammals.

In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a process of treating domestic mammals during transport to eliminate their anxiety, said process comprising the steps of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a pheromone composition comprising secretions derived from skin around mammalian mammary glands.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of treating weight loss in mammals, said method comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a pheromone composition containing secretions derived from mammalian mammary glands.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for reducing mortality and morbidity during infection in a mammal, said method comprising the step of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a pheromonal composition comprising skin-derived secretions on the skin. around mammalian mammary glands.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for enhancing food conversion in a mammal, said process comprising the step of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a pheromone composition comprising secretions derived from the skin around the glands. mammary glands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a profile of the gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy spectrum of the components found in the lactating sow secretions.

Figure 2 is a profile of the gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy spectrum of the components found in the pregnant sow secretions.

Figure 3 is a graph illustrating recent wounds inflicted on piglet ears within 5 hours with pheromone treatment, and placebo on piglets that were placed in a pigsty.

Figure 4 is a graph illustrating recent wounds inflicted on piglet ears at 72 hours with pheromone treatment, and placebo on piglets that were placed in a pigsty.

Figure 5 is a graph illustrating the duration of contention between pheromone treated piglets and placebo in piglets that were placed in a pigsty.

Figure 6 is a growth curve of piglets having an initial weight greater than 6 kg, with pheromone treatment and placebo.

Figure 6 is a growth curve of piglets having an initial weight less than or equal to 6 kg, with pheromone treatment and placebo.

Figure 8 is a growth curve of all piglet weights with pheromone treatment and placebo.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As used herein, the word "mammal" encompasses any group of vertebrates whose females have milk secreting glands, including man. Examples of mammals include, but are not limited to, cats, humans, dogs, pigs, rats, cattle, horses, monkeys, chimpanzees and others.

"Tension" denotes the reaction of an animal's body to forces of a deleterious nature, infections, and various abnormal states that tend to disrupt homeostasis. This reaction can be a physical reaction or an emotional reaction, including anxiety.

"Anxiety" denotes an apprehension of anger and dread, accompanied by restlessness, tension, etc., which is a reactionary state characterized by a high probability of providing behavioral and emotional responses of fear. In neurophysical terms, this anxious state is accompanied by a hyperactivity of the noradrenergic and serotonin systems.

By "pheromone" is meant a substance released by the body of a particular species that causes a reaction predicted by another individual of the same species, which may serve, for example, as a specific attraction, social communicator, sexual stimulant, and others. .

By "agonistic behavior" is meant or refers to aggressive relationship or defensive social interaction between individuals of the same species, such as strife, flight or submission. By "tension-related diseases" is meant any disease

whose symptoms increase due to tension.

By "reducing mortality and morbidity during infection" is meant that death and disease states are reduced so that the mammal has a better chance of survival. By "improving the efficiency of food conversion" we mean

is the reduction in the ratio of food consumption / weight gain.

By the term "solution" is meant a solid which is dispersed through a liquid either being dissolved in it or in suspension.

The "tranquilizing effect" denotes a reduction in fear, apprehension, anxiety, as well as the environmental and physical consequences associated with tension. Environmental consequences associated with tension include tremor, vocalization, escape, aggression, displacement activities, and others. Physical consequences associated with tension include changes in heart rate, changes in epinephrine, norepinephrine, ACTH, cortisol, glucose, and others. In animals used as a food source, this definition includes agricultural parameters such as development weight and feed conversion efficiency.

By "basic pheromone composition" is meant a pheromone composition which may be used in cross-species in all mammals and comprises a major active ingredient of at least three fatty acids.

By "booster composition" is meant an active pheromone composition which is species specific in mammals and which can be used to reinforce or act synergistically with the basic pheromone composition to enhance species specific efficacy of the "basic composition".

More specifically, the present invention relates to the identification of a basic pheromonal composition that is derived from secretions around the sow mammary glands, and more particularly from the secretions of sows that are either pregnant or nursing.

The compositions of the present invention are pheromonal in origin and composed of volatile molecules, the essential components of these molecules being amines and fatty acids from indole derivatives, as well as esters of these amines and fatty acids.

More specifically, the basic composition of the present invention comprises a mixture of at least three fatty acids, namely palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid, which represent from about 65% to 95% (% w /% w) of the composition. total, the remaining ingredients being non-toxic filler compounds such as fatty acids, alcohols, amines, squalene and glycerol. More particularly caproic acid, azelaic acid, propionic acid, geraniol, octadecatrianol, hexacosanol, trimethylamine and methylamine. The basic composition may also be linked to a chemical carrier as long as the bioactive structure of the fatty acids is preserved. Such carrier molecules include, but are not limited to, resins, liposomes, corona compounds, carrier proteins, and the like.

Fatty acids may be used in their pure form, that is, as a free fatty acid as well as its derivative form, such as esters or fatty acids or fatty acid salts, as well as fatty acid alcohols, fatty acid ketones, fatty acid ethers and fatty acid amines. These fatty acid derivatives may substitute for one or more or all of the fatty acids in the compositions of the present invention and have the same effects.

This basic composition has been found to have a tranquilizing effect on all mammalian species, and can be used to relieve tension, anxiety, reduce aggressive behavior, and others as presented above.

For this basic pheromonal composition, it is preferable to use from about 18% to 31.2% (% w /% w) palmitic acid, about 34.3% to 47.2% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid. linoleic and about 28.7% to 42.8% (% w /% w) oleic acid; more preferably, from about 18% to 31.2% (% w / wt%) of palmitic acid, about 34.3% to 47.2% (% w / wt%) of linoleic acid, 8.7% 16% palmitoleic acid and about 15.7% to 30.7% (% w /% w) oleic acid.

The basic pheromone composition may be diluted in various solutions as shown below, and may also be used in various forms.

A reinforcing composition containing between 5% to 35% (% w /% w) may also be added to the basic pheromone composition, if desired. This reinforcing composition comprises volatile organic compounds and mixtures thereof. This booster composition may be species-specific in nature and may vary according to the mammalian species selected for use in the present invention.

Compounds which may be used in the reinforcing composition include, but are not limited to, amines and fatty acids of the indole derivatives, esters of these amines and fatty acids, ketones such as acetone, alcohols, sterols and others.

In addition to the basic pheromonal composition and the reinforcing composition, a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition comprising free fatty acids, including decanoic acid, such as capric acid, dodecanoic acid, such as lauric acid, tetradecanoic acid such as myristic acid, hexadecanoic acid such as palmitic acid, cis-9-octadecanoic acid such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitoleic acid. Derivatives of these fatty acids may also be used in the present invention. More specifically, these derivatives are fatty acid esters or fatty acid salts.

This composition may be in the form of a solution, aerosol spray, gel, slow release matrix, shampoo, microencapsulation product, and the like.

The concentration of the above mentioned fatty acids may vary depending on the final form of use. However, the concentrations of the specific fatty acids that can be used and their concentration can be verified and tested according to the processes presented in the present invention.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it contains a solution comprising about 0.5% to 3.5% (% w /% w) of capric acid, 2.8% to 8.7% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 3.9% to 9.6% (% w /% w) myristic acid, 7.5% to 13.8% (% w /% w) palmitoleic acid, 15.5% to 26% , 8% (% w /% w) palmitic acid, 29.5% to 40.6% (% w /% w) linoleic acid and 13.5% to 26.4% (% w /% w) of oleic acid. In another preferred embodiment, the solution composition of the present invention comprises 0.5% to 3.5% (% w /% w) capric acid, 2.8% to 8.7% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 3.9% to 9.6% (% w /% w) myristic acid, 15.5% to 26.8% (% w /% w) palmitic acid, 29.5% to 40, 6% (% w /% w) linoleic acid, and 24.7% to 36.8% (% w /% w) oleic acid.

In a more preferred embodiment of the solution composition of the present invention contains 2% (% w /% w) capric acid, 5.3% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 6.2% (% w /%) w) myristic acid, 11.2% (w / w%) palmitoleic acid, 20.5% (w / w%) palmitic acid, 35.2% (w / w%) linoleic acid and 19.6% (% w /% w) oleic acid.

Another even more preferred embodiment of the invention, the solution composition contains 2% (% w /% w) capric acid, 5.3% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 6.2% (% w /%) w) myristic acid, 20.5% (w / w%) palmitic acid, 35.2% (w / w%) linoleic acid and 19.6% (w / w%) oleic acid .

While solution compositions of the above preferred embodiments have similar tranquilizing effects, as well as being capable of, for example, reducing tension, reducing anxiety, reducing weight loss, reducing mortality and morbidity during infection, and improving For food conversion to any mammal, these compositions are very desirable for use in treating pigs.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 13.5% to 40.3% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 15.5% to 31.4% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid, 20.2% to 40.6% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid and 2% to 10.1% (% w /% w) of myristic acid, and derivatives thereof.

Another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 20.1% to 40.3% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 19.2% to 31.4% (% w /% w ) palmitic acid, 20.2% to 30.1% (% w /% w) linoleic acid and 2% to 10.1% (% w /% w) myristic acid, and

derivatives thereof.

In an especially preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 24.9% to 28.6% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 19.2% to 23.1% (% w /% w) palmitic acid, 20.5% to 24.3% (% w /% w) linoleic acid, 1.9% to 4.2% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 3, 2% to 5.6% (% w /% w) of myristic acid, and 18.4% to 22.8% (% w /% w) of 1-docosanol, and derivatives thereof. This composition or solution can be used on any mammal, but is very desirable for treating cows. In yet another especially preferred embodiment, the

The present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 32.8% to 38.8% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 21.6% to 25.9% (% w /% w) palmitic acid , 21.2% to 25.7% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid, 3.4% to 5.9% (% w /% w) of myristic acid, 2.6% to 4.4% (% w /% w) pentadecanoic acid and 7.4% to 9.7% (% w /% w) squalene, and derivatives thereof. This composition or solution can be used on any mammal, but is very desirable for

treat sheep.

In yet another especially preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 29.8% to 31.9% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 28.7% to 31.4% (% wt% palmitic acid, 27.5% to 30.1% wt% linoleic acid, 2.8% to 4.3 wt% myristic acid, , 8% to 1.9% (% w /% w) pentadecanoic acid and 4.3% to 6.8% (% w /% w) stearic acid, and derivatives thereof. This composition or solution can be used on any mammal, but it is very

desirable to treat humans.

In yet another especially preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 20.1% to 22.3% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 22.3% to 26.8% (% wt% palmitic acid, 20.2% to 22.5% linoleic acid, 11.4% to 14.8% (wt%) of lauric acid, 8.5% to 10.1% % (% w /% w) of myristic acid, 9.5% to 11.2% (% w /% w) of squalene, and derivatives thereof. This composition or solution can be used on any mammal, but is very desirable for treating goats.

In yet another especially preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 21.5% to 27.2% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 20.8% to 24.9% (% wt% palmitic acid, 20.5% to 25.4% linoleic acid, 2.2% to 3.9% (% w /% w) myristic acid, 1.8% to 3.1% % (% w /% w) pentadecanoic acid, 10.2% to 18.6% (% w /% w) cholesterol and 0.4% to 1.8% (% w /% w) lauric acid , and derivatives thereof. This composition or solution can be used on any mammal, but is very desirable for treating dogs.

In yet another especially preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a composition or solution comprising from 35.2% to 40.3% (% w /% w) oleic acid, 22.8% to 26.7% (% wt% palmitic acid, 22.1% to 27.1% linoleic acid, 2.3% to 3.7% (% w /% w) lauric acid, 2% to 2.8% ( % w / wt%) of myristic acid, and 4.4% to 6.7% (wt%) of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolone-4-methanol, and derivatives thereof. This composition or solution can be used on any mammal, but is very desirable for treating horses.

Fatty acids, which are generally solid in nature, may be diluted in any non-aqueous solvent to form the solution of the present invention. More particularly solvents such as propylene glycol, alcohol, ether, chloroform, ethanol, benzene, carbon disulfide, propyl; alcohol, isopropanol, 2-propanol, fixed and volatile oils, and others. Combinations of these solvents may also be used.

It is preferable to use a combination of propylene glycol with absolute ethanol as a solvent. It is more preferable to use between 90% to 98% propylene glycol, and 2% to 10% absolute ethanol, more preferably 94% propylene glycol and 6% absolute ethanol, or 5% to 40% isopropanol and 60 to 95%. Propylene glycol%.

In a preferred embodiment, the fatty acids may be microencapsulated and suspended in water.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the fatty acids may be in the form of a shampoo, the main ingredients of the shampoo being known to those skilled in the art.

Fatty acids are commercially available from various chemical companies in solid form. However, in view of the fact that it is difficult to solubilize fatty acids, the fatty acid is generally added to the solvent under constant stirring and at a temperature between about 37 ° C and about 28 ° C, more preferably about 37.5 ° C. .

Once obtained, the compositions of the present invention can be tested for their effectiveness in preventing stress in mammals. Well-documented stress situations, for example, are mammalian weaning, mammalian transport, and others. Application of the present composition in the form of a spray, aerosol, etc., in an area surrounding stress events results in stress reduction, as indicated by a variety of factors, such as weight gain, social behavior with other mammals, injuries to the body, especially in the ears, salivary cortisol, heart rate, and others.

Thus, the present composition can be applied to a variety of objects that mammals may come into contact with, such as walls, air and toys. In addition, the present composition may be applied to mammalian skin.

The compositions described above were discovered after detailed analysis of the chemical composition of secretions surrounding the mammary glands of pregnant or nursing sows.

More particularly, this procedure involved applying a sterile pad to the area around the breasts of a sow, and analyzing the chemical composition of the secretions by mass spectroscopy or gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy.

The initial experience of mass spectroscopy coupled with a statistical analysis revealed that there were four separately identified fractions, having a variable number of components that make up each fraction. These fractions were then further analyzed by classical statistical analysis to determine the compositions of each fraction.

For example, Fraction 1, called φΑροΙ, was composed mainly of cholesterol and different propionic cyclopentane and dicloexane acids. Fraction <j) Apc2 comprised molecules that specifically resembled pregnancy or pregnancy, such as egostanol, sitosterol γ and dermosterol. Fraction 3, named φΑρο3 was composed mainly of fatty acids, as well as alcohol, glycerol and glycerol diesters, and is specific for nursing sows. Fraction 4, called φΑρΰ4, contained methyl esters of palmitic acid and vacenic acid. This last fraction contains compositions present in both nursing and pregnant sows.

Once the components of each of the fractions were identified, a preferred fraction, φΑρο3, was used to test its effects on strain and aggressiveness in piglets.

The pheromonal composition of the present invention is not limited to the treatment of piglets. The same basic composition or one of similar origin can be obtained and used, for example, in dogs and cats, to calm their anxiety after, for example, the removal of their home environment, such as

like when it's taken to the vet.

Likewise, the basic composition of the present invention or a similar composition may be used to reduce a child's anxiety when the child is, for example, separated from his mother or placed in unfamiliar environments. In order to fully illustrate the present invention and its advantages, the following specific examples are given, it being understood that they are intended to illustrate only and in no way limit. EXAMPLE 1

INSULATION AND ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITIONS OF AREAS WHICH CIRCUIT THE NURSING MAMMARY GLANDS.

Mixed creations of Chinese and European lineages of adult female pigs or sows that were either nursing or pregnant were used in this example.

The sows were rubbed clean around the surrounding area of their intermammary fold using the sterile pads several times. The pad was then placed in a methanol or acetonitrile solvent.

Fourteen total samples were obtained. Seven samples were obtained from pregnant sows, and seven other samples were obtained from nursing sows.

The fourteen samples were combined and analyzed by mass spectroscopy to determine the composition of mammary gland secretions. Mass Spectroscopy

Mass spectroscopy was initially performed using a DB 1 30m-25u column. A spectrograph was obtained from the combined samples.

After statistical analysis of the spectrography, it was determined that the mammary secretions could be divided into four main fractions. These four fractions were composed of a combination of different compounds. These fractions were named (J) Apcl, φΑρο2, φ Apc3 and φΑρο4 and were composed of 38 different components in total.

Tables I to IV below illustrate the initial findings of this analysis based on the results of mass spectroscopy.

TABLE I - éApcl

Component Peak (mn) Identification E 16.96 N / I E2 18.40 N / I E3 26.06 N / I E4 30.99 dermosterol

where N / I means unidentified. TABLE II - d) Apc2

Component Peak (mn) Identification E5 19.73 N / I E6 21.01 N / I E7 21.15 acid Cl 8 E8 22.22 N / I E9 22.85 N / I ElO 22.91 similar compound to El 1 Ell 23.01 N / I E12 23.16 E9-like compound E13 24.57 N / I E14 24.81 N / I E15 26.22 N / I E16 30.40 cholestan-3-ol (3a) E17 31.59 ergost-5-en-3-ol β E18 32.06 ergostanol + CH2 E19 32.12 N / I E20 32.45 γ sitosterol E21 32.72 N / I E22 32.82 N / I E23 32, 90 α-amyrin E24 33,30 stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one E25 33,81 N / I E26 34,47 N / I

where N / I means unidentified.

TABLE III - 6Apc3

Component Peak (mm) Identification E27 20.38 ester E28 olefin Me C17 20.48 N / I E29 20.60 ester Me Cl7 E30 21.07 Cl6 acid E31 21.09 N / I E32 22.64 N / I E33 22.80 ester Me C19 E34 24.19 N / I E35 28.55 N / I

where N / I means unidentified.

Component Peak (mm) Identification E36 22.30 Me C19 diene ester E37 22.40 Me C19 olefin ester E38 30.75 cholesterol

Further analysis of the various components in each of the four fractions identified by mass spectroscopy revealed a more complete identification of the components. These results are presented in Table V below.

TABELAV

Component Peak (mm) Identification E 5.63 - E2 6.59 - E3 11.70 propionic cyclopentane acid E4 13.15 propionic cyclohexane acid E5 13.90 decanoic acid E6 15.31 alcohol E7 15.45 methyl ester / C9 E8 16.54 dodecanoic acid E9 16.75 methyl ester / ClO ElO 16.81 methyl ester isomer / ClO Ell 18.87 tetradecanoic acid E12 20.33 9-hexadecanoic methyl ester E13 20.55 palmitic acid methyl ester E14 20,81 9-hexadecanoic acid E15 21,17 palmitic acid E16 22,22 9-12-octadecanoic acid methyl ester E17 22,37 11-octadecanoic acid methyl ester E18 22,58 methyl ester acid / Cl8 E19 23 , 15 linolic acid E20 23,26 oleic acid E21 25,98 propane triol = glycerol E22 27,46 glycerol diester by hexanedecenoic acid and hexadecanoic acid E23 28,47 alcohol E24 30,30 dihydrocholesterol E25 30,68 cholesterol E26 30, 90 dermosterol E27 31.25 dihydrocholesterol + CH2 E28 31.93 ergostanol + CH2 E29 32.24 γ-sitosterol E30 32.37 ergostanol + CHn

Gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy.

The results presented in Table V were also confirmed using gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy (GC / MS).

A Fissons GC 8000 gas chromatometer and a VG Quattro mass spectrometer were used in the analysis. The detection was performed under impact using (El +) at an energy of 70 eV at 180 ° C. A JW column of type DBl in a 1/20 split / split division, seconds were used.

Four samples of wads were taken; 2 of pregnant sows and 2 of nursing sows. These samples were diluted either in methanol or acetonitrile. 10 ml of methanol or acetonitrile was added to a flask containing the wads and evaporated under nitrogen. 1.0 ml of methanol or acetonitrile was then added to the samples, and 1 μΐ

was injected into GC / MS. The following chromatographic profile was obtained in the samples for

suckling sows as shown in Table VI.

TABLE VI

Composition Retention time (minutes) cyclopentyl-3-propanoic acid 11.72 cyclohexyl-3-propanoic acid 13.16 decanoic acid 13.90 dodecanoic acid 16.54 methyl 5-decenoate? 16.75 methyl-x-decenoate (isomer) 16.81 tetradecanoic acid 18.59 methyl 9-hexadecenoate 20.33 methyl hexadecenoate 20.59 9-hexadecanoic acid 20.81 hexadecanoic acid 21.17 9-12-octadecanoate methyl 22,27 methyl 9-octadecanoate 22,37 methyl octadecanoate 22,62 9-12-octadecanoic acid 23,15 9-octadecanoic acid 23,15 octadecanoic acid 23,26 glycerol-2-hexadecanoate 25,98 glycerol- 2-9-12 ~ hexadecanoate 27.46 glycerol-2-9-12-octadecanoate 27.46 cholesterol 30.73

The spectrophotometric profile above is illustrated in Figure 1. The following spectrophotometric profile was obtained from the sows

pregnant women as shown in Table VII. TABLE VII

Composition Retention time (minutes) cyclopentyl-3-propanoic acid 11.70 cyclohexyl-3-propanoic acid 13.15 methyl 4-octanoate 15.45 methyl 5-decenoate 16.75 methyl x-decenoate (isomer) ) 16.81 methyl hexadecanoate 20.55 methyl 9-12-octadecanoate 22.22 methyl 9-octadecenoate 22.31 methyl 11-octadecenoate 22.38 methyl octadecanoate 22.58 nitrile or polyunsaturated alcohol 28.47 dihydrocholesterol 30.30 cholesterol 30.63 desmosterol 30.85 ergostanol 31.14 ergostanol + (CH2 or methyl) 31.93 gamma sitosterol 32.24 ergostanol + (CH2 or methyl) 32.37

The above spectrophotometric profile is illustrated in Figure 2. The GC / MS data confirmed the data presented in the experiments of the

mass spectroscopy.

Summary of Data obtained in the four fractions.

The data presented above with the components

identified can be summarized in the following tables VIII to XI. These tables include the percentage of each composition.

TABLE VIII - FRACTION ^ Apcj__

Percent Composition Cyclopentanopropanoic acid 2.9% to 3.9% Cyclohexanopropanoic acid 3.4% to 5.9% Methyl ester / ClO 2.8% to 3.9% Cholesterol 86.3% to 90.9%

The clApcl fraction was considered as a "neutral" fraction resembling the compositions present in both groups of pigs. TABLE IX - FRANCÃAÃAEÇ2

Percent Composition - 1.6% to 2.2% - 1.3% to 1.9% methyl ester / C9 2.2% to 2.8% ClO methyl ester isomer 2.4% to 3% methyl ester 9-12-octadecanoic acid 16.3% to 16.9% methyl ester of a Cl8 acid 4.2% to 4.6% alcohol 10.7% to 11.3% dihydrocholesterol 13.8% to 12.4% dermosterol 11.8% to 12.4% dihydrocholesterol + CH2 4.5% to 5.1% ergostanol + CH2 17.5% to 18.1% γ-sitosterol 5.9% to 6.5% ergostanol + CHn 3 9% to 4.5%

Fraction (j) Apc2 comprises molecules that specifically

resemble the state of pregnancy. TABLE X - Fraction òApc3

Composition Percent capric acid 0.6% to 1.2% Alcohol 0% to 1.1% Lauric acid 1.7% to 3.6% Myristic acid 2.2% to 3.9% Palmitic methyl ester 0.3 % up to 1.8% palmitoleic acid 2.5% up to 6.1% palmitic acid 10.1% up to 13.2% linoleic acid 19.8% up to 22.5% oleic acid 8.3% up to 15.2% glycerol 14.1% to 18.9% glycerol diester 18.5% to 23.2%

The fraction φΑρο3 is specific for nursing sows.

It comprises 11 different compositions including alcohol, glycerol and

glycerol diesters.

TABLE XI - Fraction of d) Apc4

Composition Percent palmitic acid methyl ester 25.5% to 33.5% vacenic acid methyl ester 66.5% to 74.5%

Fraction (|) Apc4 is a fraction having compositions which are

are present in both groups of pigs, but the concentration is considerably higher in suckling sows. EXAMPLE 2

Pheromone Formulation

2 wt% capric acid, 5.3 wt% lauric acid, 6.2 wt% myristic acid, 11.2 wt% palmitoleic acid, 20.5 wt% palmitic acid, 35, 2% by weight linoleic acid and 19.6% by weight oleic acid were mixed with a solvent composed of 94% propylene glycol and 6% absolute alcohol. The mixture was heated to 37.5 ° C and constantly mixed until complete dissolution of the crystals. PREPARATION OF PACKAGES SOLUTION

Four 500 ml vials containing 400 g of the above solution were prepared for each batch. Similarly, 8 vials containing 400 g propylene glycol used as a placebo and 4 vials containing the above formulation at a concentration of 5% were also prepared.

The vials were identified by a color code, which was given due to the size of the pigs. The red jars went to the small piglets, and the black labeled jars went to the big piglets, while the green labeled jars went to the medium sized piglets. The protocol with which each sty was treated with the pheromones of the present invention or the placebo was unknown; that is, a simple blind study.

Visual examination of the vials revealed no substantial difference between the placebo vials and the vials containing the solution. EXAMPLE 3

MEASURING BITES IN THE EARS

Three groups of 23 piglets per group, having an age of about 26 days, were used. The red lot had 5 litters piglets, while the black lot had 4 litters. The piglets were also marked in the appropriate color according to their weight and numbered from 1 to 23.

The different solutions were applied to the sty walls each day, starting at the same time each day, starting with the red lot, then the black lot and ending with the green lot.

The number of bites in the ears at 0 hours, 5 hours and 72 hours was measured after pheromone or placebo application. The results are in the following tables. TABLE XII

THE HOURS: "LIGHT" GROUP (RED)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES NOTES 1 0 0 2 0 6 3 2 4 4 5 1 1. 0 6 14 0 7 2 5 8 2 8 9 23 4 8 1 11 30 0 12 5 0 13 5 1 14 24 0 4 2 16 20 5 17 11 5 18 26 12 19 20 7 4 7 21 7 3 22 5 9 23 15 1 TABLE XIII

THE HOURS: "HEAVY" GROUP (BLACK)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES NOTES 1 1 7 2 4 27 3 6 5 4 8 0 3 7 6 20 0 7 8 2 taking care of others 8 8 0 9 1 3 7 8 11 15 1 12 3 12 taking care of others 13 5 0 14 12 2 4 3 16 7 0 17 6 18 18 8 4 19 2 0 5 28 21 4 0 22 8 0 23 3 5 TABLE XIV

THE HOURS: "MEDIUM" GROUP (GREEN)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES NOTES 1 29 10 2 47 10 3 48 0 4 19 8 55 21 6 19 20 7 16 10 8 31 0 9 16 11 16 10 11 10 45 numerous marks on the back 12 43 3 13 41 27 14 43 5 48 28 16 30 20 17 29 20 18 17 21 19 4 4 6 0 21 16 20 22 11 30 23 12 16 TABLE XV

HOURS: "LIGHT" GROUP (RED)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BIT NOTES 1 0 4 2 3 32 3 6 11 4 6 41 1 22 6 14 24 7 7 8 8 10 6 9 27 53 9 12 11 30 31 12 5 13 13 6 18 14 24 22 6 38 16 25 8 17 16 11 18 38 15 19 27 21 11 10 21 10 8 22 14 15 23 16 3 TABLE XVI

HOURS: "HEAVY" GROUP (BLACK)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BIT NOTES 1 8 5 2 31 65 3 11 60 4 8 54 10 84 6 20 14 7 10 29 8 8 35 9 4 9 15 53 11 16 29 12 15 69 13 5 59 14 14 64 7 94 16 7 17 17 24 9 18 14 18 19 2 92 33 57 21 4 11 22 8 55 23 8 13 TABLE XVII

"MEDIUM" HOURS (GREEN)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES NOTES 1 39 5 2 57 6 3 48 10 4 45 0 76 1 6 39 1 7 26 1 8 31 5 9 27 5 26 19 11 55 9 12 45 0 13 67 6 14 48 1 76 22 16 47 0 17 47 0 18 38 5 19 8 3 6 2 21 34 0 22 40 0 23 28 14 TABLE XVIII

72 HOURS: "LIGHT" GROUP (RED)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES NOTES 1 13 3 2 11 5 3 7 5 4 41 2 44 15 6 32 3 7 86 16 8 6 5 9 72 3 16 4 11 67 5 12 3 2 13 28 6 14 56 1 81 0 16 48 8 17 86 3 18 54 12 19 54 3 9 6 21 16 4 22 47 1 23 32 8 TABLE XIX

72 HOURS: "HEAVY" GROUP (BLACK)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES REMARKS 1 24 22 body covered with wounds 2 40 3 3 68 8 4 49 7 99 1 6 34 4 7 33 5 head injuries 8 36 4 9 31 12 58 14 body covered with wounds 11 45 3 12 46 18 body covered with injuries 13 49 9 14 60 4 71 2 16 23 0 17 10 13 18 38 4 19 80 1 65 4 21 34 8 22 38 3 23 26 4 TABLE XX

72 HOURS: "MEDIUM" GROUP (GREEN)

No. EXISTING BITES NEW BITES NOTES 1 33 0 Body covered with injuries 2 54 1 3 58 2 4 35 0 57 0 6 33 0 7 45 0 8 44 0 9 62 1 30 4 11 62 0 12 38 0 13 126 0 14 69 0 54 24 16 31 1 17 38 0 18 70 1 19 5 4 46 1 21 11 0 22 32 0 23 72 2

EXAMPLE 4

CAMERA VIDEO EXAMINATION OF PIGS BEHAVIOR DURING THE TEST

Two video cameras were placed to observe the piglets during the test, and they were observed for 45 minutes. After filming the first experiment, four parameters were used to observe the behavior of the piglets. The films were read twice in this review and once

Detailed sequence of events has been provided. The value obtained was the average value. A reading has been retained for duration.

The following items were examined in the movies: (1) Number of bite aggressions This item was rated as follows in the movie. The offending piglet

inflicts one or more body bites on your opponent (ears, shoulders, etc.) and withdraws.

By convention, the behavior of the attacking piglet has been deduced, as well as the retaliation of the opposing piglet. When the feud was prolonged by a chain of many retaliations and counter-retaliations, it was judged as a single aggression. This was taken for a total of 45 minutes of footage.

(2) Combat Duration

The duration of the match was measured from the start of the first bite inflicted to the first 3-second break of the fight. The combat time was expressed in seconds.

(3) Number of recreation sections

This observation was based on several activities that were not part of the other identified categories, such as aggression, food, exploitation, etc. The sequences involved 1 to η piglets. Two sub-items were identified, such as solitary recreation and group recreation.

Number of bite attacks / Number of contact incidents.

The number of aggressions per bite was defined under section 1 and the measurement taken was the same for this section. Touch contacts were those in which direct physical contact between two piglets was observed. The nature of the contact, that is either passive or aggressive, was also observed.

The results of the observations are presented below: NUMBER OF BITES WITH BITES - "LIGHT" GROUP

(RED) _

FIRST READING SECOND AVERAGE READING 87 93 90

25 NUMBER OF BITING ASSEMBLIES - "MEDIUM" GROUP

(GREEN)_

FIRST READING SECOND AVERAGE READING 18 19 18.5 NUMBER OF RECREATION SEQUENCES - "LIGHT" GROUP (RED) FIRST READING SECOND AVERAGE READING - "MEDIUM" READING GROUP (GREEN) AVERAGE 53 62 57.5 TABLE XXI

DURATION OF DISPUTES - "LIGHT" GROUP (RED)

contention in duration of contention in seconds contention n2 duration of contention in seconds j contention n2 duration of contention in seconds 1 11 30 10 59 25 2 9 31 26 60 9 3 6 32 9 61 12 4 12 33 18 62 4 24 34 21 63 6 6 9 35 9 64 10 7 5 36 7 65 9 8 31 37 33 66 6 9 20 38 20 67 5 14 39 6 68 3 11 8 40 4 69 11 12 5 41 11 70 24 13 23 42 9 71 15 14 14 43 6 72 9 17 44 8 73 18 16 12 45 10 74 23 17 10 46 12 75 14 18 9 47 9 76 10 19 6 48 3 77 19 13 49 8 78 6 21 26 50 6 79 8 22 20 51 5 80 17 23 37 52 12 81 11 24 14 53 21 82 7 6 54 17 83 13 26 15 55 6 84 9 27 13 56 4 85 11 28 24 57 18 86 12 29 20 58 15 87 14 TABLE XXII

DISPUTES OF DISPUTES - "MEDIUM" GROUP (GREEN)

Struggle in Struggle Duration in seconds; Strife ns Strife duration in seconds 1 3 10 3 2 8 11 5 3 5 12 5 4 2 13 8 6 14 3 6 7 15 9 7 5 16 4 8 9 17 7 9 3 18 5

NUMBER OF ROLETS / CONTACT NUMBER "LIGHT" GROUP

(RED)

Number of rounds, 1st reading Number of contacts, 1st reading Number of rounds, 2nd reading Number of rounds, 2nd reading 87 103 93 105 Ratio = 84.5% Ratio = 88.6% Ratio = 86.5%

NUMBER OF ROLETS / CONTACT NUMBER "MEDIUM" GROUP

(GREEN)

Number of rounds, 1st reading Number of contacts, 1st reading Number of rounds, 2nd reading Number of contacts, 2nd reading 18 124 19 123 Ratio = 14.5% • Ratio = 15.4% Ratio = 86.5%

10

WEIGHT RESULTS

Each piglet was weighed at hour 0 and at 72 hours. The following

results were obtained:

Weight per hour 0 Weight at 72 hours Weight gained within 72 hours from time 0 Weight gained from hour 0 as a percentage 120 kg 134 kg 14 kg 11.6%

WEIGHT - "HEAVY" GROUP (BLACK)

Weight per hour 0 Weight at 72 hours Weight gained within 72 hours from time 0 Weight gained from hour 0 as a percentage 189 kg 207 kg 18 kg 9.52%

WEIGHT - MEDIUM GROUP (GREEN)

Weight per hour 0 Weight at 72 hours Weight gained at 72 hours from time 0 Weight gained from time 0 as a percentage 153 kg 169 kg 16 kg 10.45% RESULTS ANALYSIS

The results were analyzed using a software of

Statview F-4.5 computer.

A comparison of the classifications obtained by each group of piglets at time 0 was made. This analysis resulted in a result of recent and old bites, which were significant in medium sized piglets. The result excluded the possibility of using the total number.

of bites during the analysis.

Average deviation Degrees of t ρ

freedom (DDL)

red, green 17.522 44-4524? 0001 red. Dreto 3,696 44 1,712, 0940 green, black 21,217 44 6,107 <, 0001 Average number Variation Standard deviation Standard error Red 23 10,130 87,300 9,343 1,948 green 23 27,652 257,692 16,053 3,347 black 23 6,435 19,893 4,460, 930 Average deviation Degrees of freedom (DDL) t P red, green red, orect -11,217 44 -4,549 <, 0001 -2,217 44 -1,196, 2382 green, black 9,000 44 3,090,0035 Average Number Variation Standard deviation Standard error 23 3,522 11,897 3,449, 719 green 23 14,739 127,929 11,311 2,358 black 23 5,739 67,202 8,198 1,709

Another analysis was performed by comparing the average of new bites for each group of piglets at 5 hours and 72 hours with the help of the Studant T test.

NON-COMPARED TEST SERIES FOR 5 HOURS - RECENT BITES

VARIABLE GROUP

Average Deviation

Degrees of

red, green red, black green, black

13,522 44 4,518 <, 0001 -24,739 44 -3,807, 0004 -38,261 44 -6,327 <, 0001

15 10

15

RECENT INFORMATION

HOURS - BITES

VARIABLE GROUP

Number

Average

Variation Standard Deviation

23 23,522 167,988 12,961 2,703 green 23 5,000 38,000 6,164 1,285 black 23 43,261 803,020 28,338 5,909

Standard error

NON-COMPARED TEST SERIES FOR 72 LAST BITES

VARIABLE GROUP

Average Deviation

Degrees of

3.435 44 2.528, 0151 -1.435 44 - 974, 3352 -4.870 44 -3.087,0035

red, green red, black green, black

72 HOUR INFORMATION - RECENT BITES

VARIABLE GROUP

Average

Variation Standard Deviation

Standard error

23 23,217 17,542 4,188, 873 green 23 1,783 24,905 4,991 1,041 black 23 6,652 32,328 5,686 1,186

NON-COMPARED TEST SERIES DURING 5 HOURS RECENT BITTING GROUP TREATED

Average Deviation Degrees of t]

freedom (DDL)

Pheromone, placebo | 25,891

67

4.853

<, 0001

RECENT INFORMATION

TREATED VARIABLE GROUP

HOURS - BITES

placebo pheromone

46 30,891 631,121 25,122 3,704 23 5,000 38,000 6,164 1,285 INFORMATION CONCERNING 72 HOURS - RECENT BITES

VARIABLE GROUP

Average Deviation

4.152

Degrees of freedom (DDL)

67

3.258

, 0018

Pheromone, placebo |

NON-COMPARED TEST SERIES DURING 72 RECENTLY BITTED HOURS VARIABLE GROUP TREATED

placebo pheromone

46 5,935 24,907 4,991, 736 23 1,783 24,905 4,991 1,041

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the above results in graph form. In each case, it can be observed that the group of piglets given placebo had more bites than piglets receiving

pheromone of the present invention.

Another statistical analysis was performed using the number of piglet ear injuries at hour 0 and at 72 hours. NON-COMPARED TEST SERIES FOR INJURY BETWEEN HOUR 0 AND 72 HOURS VARIABLE GROUP TREATED

Mean deviation Degrees of t ρ _ Freedom (DDL)

placebo, pheromone

28,696

67

4.807

<, 0001

INFORMATION CONCERNING INJURY BETWEEN HOUR 0 AND 72 HOURS VARIABLE GROUP TREATED

placebo pheromone

46 35,957 557,820 23,618 3,482 23 7,261 522,747 22,864 4,767

It can be seen from these results that piglets receiving the pheromone treatment of the present invention had fewer injuries than piglets receiving placebo. ANALYSIS OF VIDEO OBSERVATIONS The observations in the video were then compared and

analyzed.

COMPARISON OF TWO GROUPS ON DURATION OF COURT

TEST T NOT COMPARED FOR DURATION OF CONTENT

TREATED VARIABLE GROUP

Average deviation Degrees of t ρ

freedom (DDL)

7,439

103

4,331

<, 0001

placebo, pheromone

GROUP INFORMATION ON THE DURATION OF THE DISPUTES VARIABLE GROUP TREATED

placebo pheromone

87 12.828 51.749 7.194, 771 18 5.389 4.840 2,200,519

Figure 5 is a graph illustrating the results with the

treatment and placebo, concerning the duration of the piglet combat. It can be seen from this analysis that the treated piglets were significantly less aggressive, having a smaller number of disputes and for a shorter duration than those pigs in the placebo group. In addition, it was observed that the treated piglets were more sociable and had touch contact and recreated more than the placebo group.

WEIGHT MEASUREMENTS

Statistical analysis for weight gain after seventy-five

two hours is shown below. TEST T NOT COMPARED FOR WEIGHT GAIN IN

72 HOURS

TREATED VARIABLE GROUP

Average Deviation Degrees of _Freedom (DDL)

placebo, pheromone

0.140

67

0.618

P

0.5385 1 INFORMATION CONCERNING WEIGHT GAIN IN 72 HOURS

TREATED VARIABLE GROUP

placebo pheromone

46 10.590 1.170 1.082 0.160 23 10.450 0.000 0.000

CONCLUSIONS

It can be concluded from the above tests and analyzes that the piglets

treated with the pheromones of the present invention were calmer, less aggressive and more sociable than their placebo counterparts. In fact, the piglets given the placebo were 86% more aggressive and thus were more stressed than their treated counterparts. It is clear that contention is associated with an increase in

cortisol level and thus reduces the efficiency of feed conversion in piglets. This resulted in a weight loss for the untreated placebo group compared to their treated counterparts. EXAMPLE 5

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF TWO PORCINE FEROMONES ON AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR

WOODS

The piglets used in these experiments weighed from 6 to 9 kg and

they were of the Penarlan variety crossed with Naima. The experiment used 5

to 7 nuts. 48 hours after birth, piglets are devoid of teeth

and tail. They received an iron injection at this time. The piglets

males were castrated at 15 days. Weaning had effect on day 22 and

Different litters were regrouped on the 26th day after weaning. There were three

groups that were classified according to weight. A light group, a

medium group and one heavy group were the classifications used in this

experience.

The experiment began by spraying each sty with the pheromone composition of the present invention or with a placebo. The PAP1 composition comprised 2 wt% capric acid, 5.3 wt% lauric acid, 6.2 wt% myristic acid, 11.2 wt% palmitoleic acid, 20.5 wt% acid. 35.2% by weight of linoleic acid and 19.6% by weight of oleic acid in

propylene glycol 10%.

Composition PAP2 comprised 2 wt% capric acid, 5.3 wt% lauric acid, 6.2 wt% myristic acid, 20.5 wt% palmitic acid, 35.2 wt% acid linoleic acid and 30.8% by weight of 10% polypropylene glycol oleic acid.

The placebo contained only polypropylene glycol. The treatment was applied at the same time each day, by spraying all the walls of the sty to approximately 15 cm

from the ground for four days.

At time 0 the piglets were captured, identified by placing a tag on their ears, and examined for injuries. The piglets were then weighed and classified according to their weight and placed into three groups of light, medium and heavy. The piglets were then placed in pigsties that had previously been sprayed with PAP1 or PAP2, or with placebo.

Five hours later, the piglets were captured and their injuries counted. The treatment was reapplied on the second, third and fourth days at the same time. On the last day of the experiment, the 4th day, the injuries were reassessed in the same way for each group.

For PAP2 and placebo, treatment was prolonged.

for four weeks.

No psychotropic medication was administered during

the tests to any of the piglets.

VIDEO MOVIE

A video movie was installed in two pigsties, which was used to evaluate the piglets' agonistic behavior. The piglets were observed for 45 minutes after their initial regrouping. The film was analyzed as presented above for the duration of the feud, the number of feuds, and the number of peaceful contacts. EVALUATION OF INJURY IN THE EARS

Wounds were evaluated on each piglet using the

following criteria:

(1) The number of injuries was observed, if recent or

on the surface or on the outside or inside of the ears.

(2) All injuries that had no connection to other injuries were considered as isolated injuries.

(3) Only injuries measuring more than 5 mm

were counted.

(4) A crusted injury while in contact

with a recent injury, it was counted as two (2) injuries. RESULTS: The following Table XXIII is a summary of the result.

TABLE XXIII

PIG M2 M2 BITES HOURS BITES 5 HOURS BITES BETWEEN 5 AND THE HOUR TREATMENT WEIGHT HOUR IN KG WEIGHT IN 7 HOURS IN KG. IiT-I 6A i 96 32 Diaceoo 7.5 10.5 2 I T-2 40 65 26 placeoo 6.5 8.5 3 IT-3 30 45 15 piace & o 6.5 & .0 4 I T— 21 i 35 14 ptaceoo 4.0 6.5 ■ 5 I T -5 52 | 82 30 placebc 7.0 9.5 6 I T-25! 33 8 placeoo 5.5 7.5 7 lt-7 11 11 0 Oiacsbo 7.0 10.0 8 IT-3 47 64 17 psacsDo 8.5 11.3 c »I T-Ç 29 I 39 10 Diaceoo 1 5.0 7.0 I-10 11 -I 17 6 ptaceoo 7.0 9.0 11 IT-ti 70 76 6 piacebo B.5 9.5 12 iT-12 47 52 5 placeoo 7.5 11.0 13 T-13 17 25 I 8 piacebo 4.5 6.5 14 (T-14 44 54 10 piacebo 6.0 8.0 I 15 | T-1á 40 45 5 placebo 6.5 6.5 16 JPAPM 8 23 15 -PAPl 6.5 7.0 17 | ΡΑΡΛ-2 - 40 40 o -PAPI 8.0 10.0 18 IPAP1-3 .55 92 37 I -PAPI 7.5 9.0 19 tp APi-4 <12 β -PAPl i 6.0 7.5 I PAP1-5 11 16 s- -PAP1 7.0 9.5 2 \ | PAP1-6 9 18 9 -PAP1 4.6 6.0 22 IPAP1-7 13 13 0 -PAPl 6.5 9.5 23 IPAP1 -8 11 11 o -PAP1 5.0 6.5 24 I PAP1-9 9 15 · 6 -PAPI 6.5 9.0 1 PAP1-1Q 14 14 14 -PAPI 6.0 8.S 26 I PAP1-11 I 4 16 12 -PAP1 4.5 Ô.O 27 I PAP1 -12 I 10 16 6 -PAP1 6.0 9: 0 28 PAP1-13 Γ ...... 43 55 12 -PAP1 8.0 '11.5 29 PAP1-14 I 31 49 8 j -PAP1 7.5 10.0 PAP1-15 i 56 56 o I -PAP1 7.5 9.0 31 PAP2-1 j 49 49 0 I PAP2 6.5 8.0 32 32 PAP2-2 f 45 47 2 PAP2 7.5 10Ό 33 PAP2-3 I 31 33 2 I PAP2 BO 10.0 34 PAP2-4 j 46 46 0 I PAP2 6.0 7.5 | PAP2-5 I 13 14 1 j PfiJPZ 4,5 7.0 36 PAP2-6 [56 57 I 1 \ PAP2 7.5 l 10.0 37 PAP2-7 33 34 I I PAP2 | 5.5 6.0 38 PAP2-8 J 40 44 f 4 'I PAP2 6.5 10.0 39 I PAP2-S 11 11 I 0 I PAP2 7.0 9.5, 40 PAP2-10 I 34 34! 0 I PAP2 7.0 9.5 41 PAP2-11 39 43 I 4 \ PAP2 6.0 9.0 42 PAP2-12 48 48 I 0 | PAP2 6.5 9.0 43 I PAP2-13 5 I 5 f 0 | PAP2 4.5 6.5 44 | PAP2-14 | 11 I 12 I PAP2 Γ 6.5 7.0 45 I PAP2-15 I 22 \ 25! 3 I PAP2 4.5 9.5 10

15

ANALYZE

Weight groups were statistically compared using a T-test or using nonparametric parameters. Variation was studied for multiple injuries within 5 hours in the case of valid random choice of the difference in the number of injuries, and at time 0 and 5 hours in the case of invalid invalid choice.

Mann-Whitney U for BITES between 5 hours and 0

hour.

Group Variables: Treatment Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

U 84,000 UPrim 141,000 Value of ζ 1,182 Value of ρ 0,2372 ζ corrected to ex aequo -1,188 ρ corrected to ex aequo 0,2346 # ex aequo 8

Mann-Whitney information about BITES between 5 hours and 0 hours.

Group Variables: Treatment Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

Number

Sum of

Average of

placebo -PAPl

hour.

261,000 17,400 204,000 13,600

Mann-Whitney U for BITES between 5 hours and 0

Group Variables: Treatment Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

U

UPrim Value of ζ Value of ρ

ζ corrected for ex aequo ρ corrected for ex aequo # ex aequo

12,000

213,000

-4.169

<0.0001

-4.202

<0.0001

8 Mann-Whitney Information on BITES

between 5 hours and 0 hours.

Group Variables: Treatment Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

Number

Sum of

Average of

132,000 8,800 333,000 22,200

PAP2 placebo

WEIGHT GAIN

Results of the ear injury experiments showed an average of 12.8 bites in the placebo group, compared with 7.8 bites in PAP1-treated piglets and 1.3 bite in PAP2-treated piglets. When the distribution was not normal, the results were analyzed by a nonparametric test as described by Mann-Whitney, which shows very significant differences between the three treatments and shows the effectiveness of PAP2 treatment.

After 4 weeks of treatment, piglets were weighed once a week and daily weight gain (DWG) on day 21 was compared. The following statistical analysis was obtained.

Mann-Whitney U for DWG Group Variables: Treatment Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

U

UPrim Value of ζ Value of ρ

ζ corrected for ex aequo ρ corrected for ex aequo # ex aequo

42,000

183,000

-2.924

0.0035

-2,947

0.0032

8th

Mann-Whitney DWG Information Group Variables: Treatment Strain Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA 15

placebo -PAPl

49 Number Sum of Average Ratings Ratings 303,000 20,200 162,000 10,800

ANOVA table for DWG

Pedigree Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

Degrees of Sum Square

medium

F value ρ value

waste treatment

2,038,019 3,228,0704 14,083,006

Estimation of model II of variable components 0.002. Mean Table for DWG Effects: Treatment

Pedigree Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

Standard deviation

Standard Error

PAP2

placebo

-PAPl

6,361,070,028,2443,888,039 6,331,074,030

Fisher PLSD for DWG Effects: treatment Level of significance 5% Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

, 118, 100, 0238, 048, 095, 3023, 071, 100, 1521

PAP2, placebo PAP2, -PAP1 placebo, -PAP1

Piglets with an initial weight of 6 kg or less.

ANOVA Table for DWG Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

Degrees of

Sum Square F Value ρ Value

waste treatment

2,027,014 2,336,1175,146,006

Estimation of model II of the variable components 0.001. Moyennes Table for DWG Effects: Treatment Lineage Exclusion: PAP-2-DATA ΡΑΡ2

placebo

-PAPl

9, 354,078,026, 288,087,025 9,352,073,024

Fisher PLSD for DWG Effects: treatment Significance level 5% Lineage exclusion: PAP-2-DATA

Critical Deviation

PAP2, placebo PAP2, -PAP1 placebo, -PAP1

66.072.0701.003.074749420-06464727213

Piglets with a starting weight of 6 kg.

The overall results are presented in Table XXIV. TABLE XXIV

DWG sex on PIA 7 WEIGHT on DfA 14 in KG DWG on DAY 14 WEIGHT on KG 21 OWG on DJA 21 • I MALE! 423 134S ", 429 14.5 333 - MALE m., 280 9.5 214 10.5 -, ISO - PFMP1 I: .214! 10.0 *, 250 11.5, 238" MACHO, 357 7.5 250 S., 252% FEMALE -, 357 11.0, 286 11.5 214 6 FEMALE I., 266 9.0 250 11.0 .252 7 MALE-429 12.5, 353 14.5.357 8 MALE I.429 • u; 333 14.5 .280 C I-FEMEA |, 285 9.0 (286 10.5, 252 TQ IMACHOI, 286 · | 10.0 »214 12.5 252 -vi MALE I .286 10 ° = 250 13.0 -; 12 12 FEMALE | 500 13.5, 429 17.0, 452 13 [female j '285 5.5, 071 6.5 .055 14 (MALE <286 10, 2B6 13.0 ^ 333 FEMALE I.286 10.5 "286 11.5 .238 FEMALE I - - 071 9.5, 214 12.0, 252 17 I FEMALE I286! 14.0", 423 16.0 • .381 18 | FEMALE 214 12.0 421 14.0 _, 310 19 j FEMALE 214 250 12.0, 286 (FEMEA, 357 12.5, 393 14Λ5 ■, 357 21; MALE .214 Bp .286 1025 - 252 22 I FEMALE, 429 12.5, 429 14.5,381 23 I, 214 8.5, 250 10.0 238 24 (male '<357 12.0.393 13.0, 310 f FEMALE ", 357 10.0, 286 12, D 2BS 26 k MACKO: 'soo. 10.5, 429 123, 381 27 I MALE' 0.500 IS40, 429 28 | MALE, 500 1640, 571 18.0, 476 29 I FEMALE, 357 14.00, 464 16 (5,429 IMACHO, 214 10.5 (214 1310 - · 2S2 31 FEMALE C 214 11.5, 357 \ 14.0, 357 32 I FEMALE. .357 13.0, 393 14.5; 333 33] MALE 295 13.0, 357 15.5 £ 57 34 l FEMALE 214 10.0, 286 13.5, 357 J FEMALE .357 8.5, 285 10.5 286 36 MALE, 357 15.5, 571 17.5, 476 37 MALE, 357. 12.0 Γ r464 12.5, 333 38 I female, 500 13.5 .500 15.5, 429 39 I FEMALE, 357 12.5 .393 14.5, 357 40 | MALE, 357 12.5, 393 14.0, 333 41. j FEMALE, 429 12.5, 464 14.5 (405 AZ FEMEA, 357 11.5, 357 I 14.0 I7, 43 43 MALE I 36 8.5, 286 44 (MALE 071 I 8.5, 143 M 45 L FEMALE j .714 I 12.5 <371 κ8 «Figures 6 to 8 illustrate growth curves of piglets using placebo, PAP1 or PAP2 In all cases, growth of piglets subjected to either PAP1 or PAP2 treatment was higher than than placebo at 21 days.

The difference in weight was significant for piglets that had an initial weight of less than 6 kg. Piglets that were heavier still gained weight after the 21st day after treatment with any pheromone.

In addition, it should be noted that piglets that had an initial weight of less than 6 kg who received the treatment gained weight to such an extent that they reached the average weight of the heavy counterparty on day 212.

The other comparisons extracted from the video were not subjected to statistical analysis. EXAMPLE 6

EFFECT ON DOG BEHAVIOR IN A

UNKNOWN LOCATION

A population of 10 dogs admitted for secondary surgery at a veterinary hospital and unaffected by their general health conditions was selected for this study.

The cages of 5 dogs were sprayed with a polypropylene glycol control. The other 5 dog cages were sprayed with the PAP-I composition of the present invention.

After surgery, dogs were placed in their respective cages and all these cages were provided with food and water.

Dogs whose cages were sprayed with pheromone ate more food and appeared to be more relaxed after surgery than dogs in control. EXAMPLE 7 HFFJTO ON DOG BEHAVIOR IN A

T OCAT, UNKNOWN

A population of 10 dogs admitted for secondary surgery at a veterinary hospital and unaffected by their general health conditions was selected for this study.

The cages of 5 dogs were sprayed with a polypropylene glycol control. The other cages of 5 dogs were sprayed with the composition 24.3 wt% oleic acid, 22.8 wt% palmitic acid, 22.9 wt% linoleic acid, 3.0 wt% acid 14.4% by weight of cholesterol and 1.1% by weight of lauric acid in

propylene glycol 10%.

After surgery, dogs were placed in their respective

cages and all these cages were provided with food and water.

Dogs whose cages were sprayed with pheromone had eaten more food and appeared to be more relaxed after surgery than dogs in control. Compared to Example 6, the use of the particular composition had a much greater effect on dogs; that is, more food was eaten and the dogs appeared to be more relaxed. EXAMPLE 8

EFFECT ON FOOD BEHAVIOR OF YOUNG CALVES AFTER SEPARATION OF THEIR MOTHER

A population of 6 unaffected young calves in their

general health conditions was selected for this study.

The pens of 3 young calves were sprayed with a polypropylene glycol control. The other pens of 3 young calves were sprayed with the composition of 26.7 wt% oleic acid, 21.1 wt% palmitic acid, 22.4 wt% linoleic acid, 3.0 wt% lauric acid, 4.4% by weight myristic acid and 20.6% by weight 1-docosanol in 10% propylene glycol. After being weaned by their mothers, the young calves were placed in their respective pens and all these pens were

supplied with food and water.

The young calves whose pens had been sprayed with the pheromone had eaten more food and appeared to be more relaxed than the young calves in the control group. EXAMPLE 9

EFFECT ON FOOD BEHAVIOR DH YOUNG LAMBS AFTER SEPARATION OF YOUR MOTHER

A population of 6 young lambs not affected in their general health conditions was selected for this study.

Stools from 3 young lambs were sprayed with a polypropylene glycol control. The other rams of 3 young lambs were sprayed with the composition 35.8 wt% oleic acid, 23.7 wt% palmitic acid, 23.5 wt% linoleic acid, 4.6 wt% myristic acid, 3,5% by weight of pentadecanoic acid and 8,6% by weight of

squalene in 10% propylene glycol.

After being weaned by their mothers, the young lambs

were placed in their respective racks and all these racks were supplied

with food and water.

The young lambs whose stalls had been sprayed with

pheromone, had eaten more food and seemed to be more relaxed

than the young lambs in the control group.

EXAMPLE 10

EFFECT ON YOUTH BEHAVIOR'S BEHAVIOR AFTER SEPARATION OF HIS MOTHER

A population of 6 unaffected young goats in their

general health conditions was selected for this study.

The 3 young goat's stools were sprayed with a polypropylene glycol control. The other 3 young goat goats were sprayed with the composition 21.2 wt% oleic acid, 24.5 wt% palmitic acid, 21.3 wt% linoleic acid, 13.1 wt% lauric acid, 9.3 wt.% myristic acid and 10.3 wt.% squalene in 10% propylene glycol.

After being weaned by their mothers, the young goats were placed in their respective pens and all these pens were supplied.

with food and water.

The young kids whose pellets had been sprayed with the pheromone had eaten more food and appeared to be more relaxed than the young kids in the control group. EXAMPLE 11

EFFECT ON FOOD BEHAVIOR IN AN UNKNOWN PLACE

A population of 6 foals admitted for secondary surgery at a veterinary hospital and not affected by their general health conditions was selected for this study.

The 3 foal stalls were sprayed with a polypropylene glycol control. The other 3 foal stalls were sprayed with the composition 37.7 wt% oleic acid, 24.7 wt% palmitic acid, 24.6 wt% linoleic acid, 3.0 wt% acidic lauric acid, 2.4 wt.% myristic acid and 5.6 wt.% 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolone-4-methanol in 10% propylene glycol.

After surgery, the foals were placed in their respective stalls and all of these stalls were provided with food and water.

Foals whose stalls were sprayed with pheromone had eaten more food and appeared to be more relaxed after surgery than foals in control. EXAMPLE 12 CHILD ANXIETY CONTROL

Two groups of kindergarten children attending their first day of school were used for this study. In the first group, the classroom walls were sprayed with polypropylene glycol control. In the second group, the classroom walls were sprayed with PAP-I of the present invention.

The children's behavior was observed after the initial separation from their parents. In the control group, the children were more anxious, showing symptoms such as crying and fighting with each other after their parents left them.

In the PAP-1 group, the children seemed more relaxed and behaved less tense. EXAMPLE 13

CHILD ANXIETY CONTROL Two groups of kindergarten children watching the

first day of school were used in this study. In the first group, the classroom walls were sprayed with polypropylene glycol control. In the second group, the classroom walls were sprayed with 30.8 wt% oleic acid, 30.0 wt% palmitic acid, 28.8 wt% linoleic acid, 3.6 wt% myristic acid, 1.3% by weight pentadecanoic acid and 5.6% by weight stearic acid in

10% polyethylene glycol.

The children's behavior was observed after the initial separation from their parents. In the control group, children were more anxious, showing symptoms such as crying and fighting with each other after their parents had left them.

In the group of children administered the present invention, it was observed that the children appeared more relaxed and behaved less tense. EXAMPLE 14

EFFECT OF FOOD BEHAVIOR ON PREMATURE BABIES

6 premature babies were observed in their eating behavior and anxiety regarding being manipulated by strangers.

In the first group of 3, incubators were sprayed with the polypropylene glycol control. In the second group of 3, incubators were sprayed with 30.8 wt% oleic acid, 30.0 wt% palmitic acid, 28.8 wt% linoleic acid, 3.6 wt% myristic acid 1.3 wt.% Pentadecanoic acid and 5.6 wt.% Stearic acid in 10% polyethylene glycol.

Premature babies, whose incubators had been sprayed with pheromone, absorbed more food and appeared to be more relaxed after being manipulated by strangers than premature babies in control.

While the invention has been described in terms of various preferred embodiments, the skilled artisan will appreciate that various modifications, substitutions, omissions and alterations may be made without departing from its scope. Accordingly, it is intended that the scope of the present invention be limited by the scope of the following claims, including their equivalents.

Claims (16)

1. A pheromone composition for the treatment of stress or anxiety in mammals, comprising: 20.1% to 40.3% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative thereof, 19.2% to 31.4% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 20.2% to 30.1% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid or a derivative thereof and 2% to 10, 1% (% w /% w) of myristic acid or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for treating mammalian stress or anxiety according to claim 1, which comprises 24.9% to 28.6% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative thereof; 19.2% to 23.1% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 20.5% to 24.3% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid or a derivative thereof, 1.9% to 4.2% (% w /% w) of lauric acid or a derivative thereof, 3.2% to 5.6% (% w /% w) of myristic acid or a derivative thereof, and 18.4% to 22.8% (% w /% w) of 1-docosanol or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for the treatment of stress or anxiety in mammals according to claim 1, comprising 32.8.1% to 38.8% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative of 21.6% to 25.9% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 21.2% to 25.7% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid or a derivative of same, 3.4% to 5.9% (% w /% w) of myristic acid, or a derivative thereof, 2.6% to 4.4% (% w /% w) of pentadecanoic acid, or a derived from it, and 7.4% to 9.7% (% w /% w) of squalene, or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for the treatment of stress or anxiety in mammals according to claim 1, comprising 29.8% to 31.9% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative thereof; 28.7% to 31.4% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 27.5% to 30.1% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid or a derivative thereof, 2.8% to 4.3% (% w /% w) of myristic acid or a derivative thereof, 0.8% to 1.9% (% w /% w) of pentadecanoic acid or a derivative thereof, and 4.3% to 6.8% (% w /% w) stearic acid or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for the treatment of stress or anxiety in mammals according to claim 1, comprising 20.1% to 22.3% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative thereof; 22.3% to 26.8% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 20.2% to 22.5% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid or a derivative thereof, 11.4% to 14.8% (% w /% w) of lauric acid or a derivative thereof, 8.5% to 10.1% (% w /% w) of myristic acid or a derivative thereof, and 9.5% to 11.2% (% w /% w) of squalene or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for treating mammalian stress or anxiety according to claim 1, which comprises 21.5% to 27.2% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative thereof; 20.8% to 24.9% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 20.5% to 25.4% (% w /% w) of linoleic acid or a derivative thereof, 2.2% to 3.9% (% w /% w) of myristic acid or a derivative thereof, 1.8% to 3.1% (% w /% w) of pentadecanoic acid or a derivative thereof, 10.2% to 18.6% (% w /% w) of cholesterol or a derivative thereof, and 0.4% to 1.8% (% w /% w) of lauric acid or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for the treatment of mammalian stress or anxiety according to claim 1, comprising 35.2% to 40.3% (% w /% w) of oleic acid or a derivative thereof; 22.8% to 26.7% (% w /% w) of palmitic acid or a derivative thereof, 22.1% to 27.1% of linoleic acid or a derivative thereof, 2.3% to 3, 7% (% w /% w) lauric acid or a derivative thereof, 2% to 2,8% (% w /% w) myristic acid or a derivative thereof, and 4,4% to 6,7 % (% w /% w) of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol or a derivative thereof. A pheromone composition for treating mammalian stress or anxiety according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises a non-toxic filler compound. A pheromone composition for the treatment of stress or anxiety in mammals according to claim 8, characterized in that said non-toxic filler compound is selected from the group of fatty acids, alcohols, amines, squalene and glycerol. A pheromone composition for treating mammalian stress or anxiety according to claim 1, characterized in that said derivative is an ester or salt of palmitic acid, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, myristic acid or linoleic acid. A pheromone composition for treating stress or anxiety in mammals according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said derivatives are esters or salts or alcohols or ketones or ethers or amides of oleic acid, palmitic acid. , linoleic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, pentadecanoic acid and stearic acid. A pheromone composition for treating mammalian stress or anxiety according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is in a solution. Solution, characterized in that it comprises the composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 12 and a solvent. Solution according to Claim 13, characterized in that said solvent is alcohol or propylene glycol. Solution according to Claim 13 or 14, characterized in that said solution is in the form of a spray, an aerosol, is microencapsulated, is in a slow release matrix or in a shampoo. Solution according to Claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises carboxylic acids, amines, alcohol or sterols.