BR8803581A - Composto quimico herbicida e processo de controlar o crescimento de ervas daninhas - Google Patents

Composto quimico herbicida e processo de controlar o crescimento de ervas daninhas

Info

Publication number
BR8803581A
BR8803581A BR8803581A BR8803581A BR8803581A BR 8803581 A BR8803581 A BR 8803581A BR 8803581 A BR8803581 A BR 8803581A BR 8803581 A BR8803581 A BR 8803581A BR 8803581 A BR8803581 A BR 8803581A
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
chemical compound
weed growth
control weed
herbicide chemical
herbicide
Prior art date
Application number
BR8803581A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David A Hunt
James A Schwindeman
Original Assignee
American Cyanamid Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Cyanamid Co filed Critical American Cyanamid Co
Publication of BR8803581A publication Critical patent/BR8803581A/pt

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
    • C07D307/79—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
    • A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
    • A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
    • A01N43/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3 with two oxygen atoms in positions 1,3, condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
    • C07D209/34—Oxygen atoms in position 2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
    • C07D307/79—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D307/80—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
    • C07D307/82—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D307/83—Oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/78—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
    • C07D307/82—Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D307/84—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
  • Indole Compounds (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
BR8803581A 1987-07-16 1988-07-15 Composto quimico herbicida e processo de controlar o crescimento de ervas daninhas BR8803581A (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/074,106 US4911754A (en) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Herbicidally active aryloxy saturated 5-membered benzo fused hetero-cyclic compounds

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR8803581A true BR8803581A (pt) 1989-02-08

Family

ID=22117772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR8803581A BR8803581A (pt) 1987-07-16 1988-07-15 Composto quimico herbicida e processo de controlar o crescimento de ervas daninhas

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4911754A (pt)
EP (1) EP0299446A1 (pt)
JP (1) JPH0193584A (pt)
KR (1) KR890002109A (pt)
AU (1) AU605889B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR8803581A (pt)
DK (1) DK397188A (pt)
IL (1) IL87141A0 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA885157B (pt)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4849428A (en) * 1987-11-23 1989-07-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Cyclic anti-inflammatory derivatives of di-tert-butylphenol compounds, compositions and use
US5324711A (en) * 1988-11-03 1994-06-28 American Cyanamid Company Aryloxy benzotriazole herbicidal agents and methods for the preparation thereof
IL91997A0 (en) * 1988-11-03 1990-07-12 American Cyanamid Co Aryloxy benzotriazole herbicidal agents and methods for the preparation thereof
EP0423377B1 (en) * 1989-09-15 1993-11-18 International Business Machines Corporation Method of and apparatus for drying articles
WO1991005781A1 (de) * 1989-10-12 1991-05-02 Dr. R. Maag Ag Pyrimidin- und triazin-derivate mit herbizider und pflanzenwachstumsregulierender wirkung
EP0442654A3 (en) * 1990-02-16 1992-06-03 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Heterocyclic compounds
GB9003551D0 (en) * 1990-02-16 1990-04-11 Ici Plc Heterocyclic compounds
IL97102A0 (en) * 1990-02-16 1992-03-29 Ici Plc Heterocyclic compounds
GB9003555D0 (en) * 1990-02-16 1990-04-11 Ici Plc Heterocyclic compounds
IE910278A1 (en) * 1990-02-16 1991-08-28 Ici Plc Heterocyclic compounds
US5182397A (en) * 1990-05-31 1993-01-26 American Cyanamid Company Aryloxyspiroalkylindolinone herbicides
US5076835A (en) * 1990-05-31 1991-12-31 America Cyanamid Company Aryloxyspiroalkylindolinone herbicides
US5140018A (en) * 1991-05-07 1992-08-18 Abbott Laboratories 1,3,2-benzodithiazole-1-oxide compounds
EP0549532A1 (de) * 1991-12-20 1993-06-30 Ciba-Geigy Ag Benztriazolsulfonsäure-Derivate und ihre Verwendung als Mikrobizide
CN105859605A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-17 成都千叶龙华石油工程技术咨询有限公司 一种催醒宁药物中间体1,3,3-三甲基-5-羟基吲哚满盐酸盐的合成方法
GB201916601D0 (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-01-01 Syngenta Crop Protection Ag 81989-gb-reg-org-nat-1
JP2023175057A (ja) * 2020-10-29 2023-12-12 クミアイ化学工業株式会社 縮合ヘテロ環誘導体及びそれを有効成分として含有する除草剤

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US32316A (en) * 1861-05-14 Improvement in magazine fire-arms
USRE32316E (en) 1969-04-25 1986-12-30 Rhone-Poulenc Agrochimie Substituted phenoxybenzoic acids and derivatives thereof
GR68102B (pt) * 1978-08-08 1981-10-30 Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co
JPS5564557A (en) * 1978-11-08 1980-05-15 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc Diphenyl ether compound and herbicide containing the same
DE2906237A1 (de) * 1979-02-17 1980-08-28 Bayer Ag Phenoxycarbonsaeureamide, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als herbizide
US4367238A (en) * 1980-01-28 1983-01-04 Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. Phenyl-alkanoic acid derivative and preparation thereof
US4288243A (en) * 1980-07-07 1981-09-08 Ppg Industries, Inc. 2',5'-Dioxo-1'-pyrrolydinyl 5-(2-halo-4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2-halo-, cyano- or nitrobenzoates
DE3110009A1 (de) * 1981-03-11 1982-09-30 Schering Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 4619 Bergkamen Neue benzofuran-derivate, ihre herstellung und verwendung
US4377408A (en) * 1981-07-27 1983-03-22 Rhone-Poulenc Agrochimie Herbicidal derivatives of 5-phenoxy-4(3H)-quinazolinone-1-oxide
US4427441A (en) * 1982-08-23 1984-01-24 Velsicol Chemical Corporation Phthalimides of phenoxybenzoic acids
US4808750A (en) * 1983-09-01 1989-02-28 The Dow Chemical Company Fluorophenoxyphenoxypropionates and derivatives thereof
DE3474547D1 (en) * 1983-12-02 1988-11-17 Shell Int Research Diphenyl ether herbicides
GB2179652A (en) * 1985-08-30 1987-03-11 Shell Int Research Phthalide derivatives
GB8522528D0 (en) * 1985-09-11 1985-10-16 Shell Int Research Diphenyl ether herbicides
GB2182328B (en) * 1985-10-29 1989-09-20 Shell Int Research Diphenyl ether derivatives
US4790868A (en) * 1986-03-17 1988-12-13 Ppg Industries, Inc. Herbicidally active substituted phenoxy or phenylthio benzoxazolone (or benzthiazolone) compounds
IT1197804B (it) * 1986-08-01 1988-12-06 Blachim Spa Procedimento per preparare acidi eteroaril ed arilalcanoici

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0193584A (ja) 1989-04-12
KR890002109A (ko) 1989-04-08
EP0299446A1 (en) 1989-01-18
ZA885157B (en) 1989-03-29
IL87141A0 (en) 1988-12-30
US4911754A (en) 1990-03-27
AU1910988A (en) 1989-01-19
AU605889B2 (en) 1991-01-24
DK397188D0 (da) 1988-07-15
DK397188A (da) 1989-01-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
BR8202155A (pt) Composto herbicida de fenoxi-alquileno ou alquenileno-anilida composicao herbicida processo para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada e processo para produzir um composto de fenoxi-alquileno ou alquenileno-anilida
BR8201580A (pt) Composto herbicida;composicao e processo adequados para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada
BR8803581A (pt) Composto quimico herbicida e processo de controlar o crescimento de ervas daninhas
BR8105806A (pt) Composto herbicida e processo para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada
BR8604064A (pt) Composto,composicao herbicida e processo para controlar ervas daninhas
BR8602556A (pt) Composto herbicida;composicao herbicida e processo para controlar o crescimento de plantas indesejadas
BR8707043A (pt) Processo para controlar ervas daninhas,composto quimico,composicao herbicida e processo para a preparacao do dito composto
BR8905712A (pt) Processos para exterminar ou controlar plantas indesejadas,para controlar seletivamento o crescimento de ervas daninhas,composicao herbicida,composto e processo para a preparacao do mesmo
BR8204002A (pt) Composto herbicida composicao e processo adequados para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada
BR8900303A (pt) Composicao herbicida e processo para controlar ervas daninhas
BR8204028A (pt) Composto herbicida composicao adequada e processo para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada
BR8800506A (pt) Composto,processo para controlar vegetacao indesejavel e composicao herbicida
AU583685B2 (en) (Di) alkoxycarbonylamino-S-triazine derivatives and the use thereof against pests which are parasites of domestic animals and cultivated plants
BR8606474A (pt) Composicao herbicida sinergistica e processo de controlar vegetacao indesejavel
FI873191A (fi) Menetelmä rikkaruohojen kasvun kontrolloimiseksi ja herbisidinen koostumus ja tuote
BR8106972A (pt) Composto herbicida composicao e processo para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada
BR8705457A (pt) Composicao herbicida,e processo para controlar o crescimento de plantas indesejadas
BR8904052A (pt) Composicao e processo para inibir o crescimento de ervas daninha
BR8205229A (pt) Composto herbicida composicao e processo adequados para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao indesejada
BR8800504A (pt) Composto,composicao herbicida e processo para controlar o crescimento de vegetacao
BR8804127A (pt) Compostos de fenilsulfonil-2-imidazolin-5-ona,herbicidas,e compostos de fenilsulfonil carboxamida,intermediarios para a preparacao de compostos,e processo para o controle de especies de plantas monocotiledoneas e dicotiledoneas,anuais e perenes
BR8707032A (pt) Composto quimico,composicao herbicida,processo para controlar ervas daninhas e processo para preparar tal composto
BR8803594A (pt) Processo para controlar vegetacao indesejavel e composicao herbicida
BR9006966A (pt) Composicao herbicida e processo para controlar ervas daninhas
BR8505660A (pt) Composicao herbicida e processo para controlar ervas daninhas

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FB19 Grant procedure suspended (art. 19)
FA2 Application deemed withdrawn (art. 19(5))