BR122023002611B1 - FEED INGREDIENT COMPOSITION COMPRISING A DISPERSION OF MICROBIAL CELLS LYSED IN TRIGLYCERIDE OIL, METHOD FOR PREPARING A COMPOSITION AND FORMULATED FEED - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to food ingredients and formulated food, methods for their manufacture and uses thereof in nutritional applications, such as in aquaculture, food for terrestrial animals and human nutrition. Food ingredient compositions comprise lysed microbial cells with a small aspect ratio and triglyceride oil.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED ORDERS

[1] The present application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) over U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/357,829, submitted July 1, 2016, and entitled, "FOOD INGREDIENTS CONTAINING LYSED MICROBIAL CELLS", and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/408,630, filed October 14, 2016, and entitled, "FOOD INGREDIENTS CONTAINING NON-LYSED AND LYSED OXIDATIVELY STABLE MICROBIAL CELLS", and under 35 U.S.C. §120 in relation to U.S. Patent Application No. 15/636,506, submitted on June 28, 2017, and entitled, "FOOD INGREDIENTS COMPRISING LYSED MICROBIAL CELLS" each of which is incorporated herein by countersign in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

[2] Triglyceride oils produced by microorganisms and plants provide essential nutrients for consumption by organisms higher up the food chain. These triglyceride oils are composed of certain fatty acids that are not found or that are produced in smaller quantities in higher order organisms.

[3] Of particular nutritional importance in the food chain are triglyceride oils produced by microorganisms and plants that are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Polyunsaturated fatty acids include long-chain omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). DHA is an important component in human nutrition, especially for babies. Aquatic animals, such as fish and shellfish, also need DHA in their diet for proper development and growth. Furthermore, feeding DHA to newborn domestic animals, such as pigs, cows and other mammals, increases the survival rate of piglets, calves, kids and other newborn mammals.

[4] One of the main commercial sources of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids is fish oil. About one million metric tons of fish oil are produced each year for use mainly in aquaculture applications, in terrestrial animal feed and in human nutrition. The aquaculture industry is growing, but the availability of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids from wild-caught fish has not increased with demand. Continued availability depends on sustainable fisheries management policies, productivity of natural systems that are sensitive to climate change and other factors. Many countries have strict quotas on wild-caught fish.

SUMMARY

[5] In one embodiment, a food ingredient composition comprising a dispersion of lysed microbial cells in triglyceride oil is provided, wherein: a) 5-90% by weight of the composition are lysed cells, and b) 10-90% by weight of the composition is triglyceride oil, wherein the triglyceride oil comprises oil from lysed cells and oil from another organism.

[6] In some embodiments, the triglyceride oil has a fatty acid profile of 10-70% by weight docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 15%-65% by weight DHA, 20%-60% by weight of DHA, 25%-55% DHA by weight, 30%-55% DHA by weight, or 40%-55% DHA by weight, fatty acids.

[7] In some embodiments, DHA is 4%-45%, 4%-40%, 4%-35%, 4%-30%, 4%-25% by weight of the composition. In other embodiments, DHA is 4%-20%, 4%-15%, 5%-15%, 5%-12%, 5%-10%, 5%-7%, 5%-8%, 6% -8% or 6%-7% by weight of the composition.

[8] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein comprise 5%-15%, 5%-10%, 10%-15%, 10%-25%, 15%-20%, or 20%-25% , 30%-40%, 30%-50%, 30%-60%, 30%-70%, 30%-80%, 30%-90%, by weight, of lysed microbial cells.

[9] In some embodiments, the composition provided herein further comprises less than 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 3% or 1% by weight of unlysed microbial cells or in which the composition is not lysed. and free from unlysed microbial cells. In some embodiments, the compositions are free of unlysed microbial cells.

[0010] In some embodiments, the oil from lysed microbial cells has a fatty acid profile of 40-70%, 40-50%, 40-50%, 45-55% or 50-55% DHA by weight of acids. fatty.

[0011] In some embodiments, the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of less than 1:1. In other embodiments, the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, or 1:10. In some embodiments, the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of 1:21.5, 1:2-1:4, or 1:2-1:3. In one embodiment, the lysed cells have an aspect ratio between 1:1 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:10, between 1:10 and 1:15, or between 1:15 and 1:20.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lysed cells have a median particle size of 1-20 micrometers, 1-18 micrometers, 115 micrometers, 1-12 micrometers, 1-10 micrometers, 1-9 micrometers, 1-8 micrometers, 1-7 micrometers, 1-6 micrometers, 1-5 micrometers, 1-4 micrometers, 1-3 micrometers, 5-100 micrometers, 5-90 micrometers, 5-80 micrometers, 5-80 micrometers, 5-70 micrometers, 5-60 micrometers, 5-50 micrometers, 5-40 micrometers, 5-30 micrometers, 5-20 micrometers or 510 micrometers.

[0013] In some embodiments, more than half of the lysed cells remain suspended in the composition for at least a week without settling.

[0014] In some embodiments, the oil from another organism is oil from a fish, plant, oleaginous microbe, or combinations thereof. These oils include those that are extracted and separated from the other organism. In some embodiments, the other microorganism is microalgae, fungus or yeast.

[0015] In some embodiments, the oil of a plant is an oil of coconut, corn, cottonseed, olive oil, palm, peanut, rapeseed, canola, cardamom, sesame, soybean, soybean oil, walnut oil, camelina or citrus oil, or one or more combinations thereof.

[0016] In some embodiments, the oil from a fish is oil from an anchovy, herring, haddock, anchovy, mackerel, sardine or mackerel or one or more combinations thereof.

[0017] In some embodiments, the microbial cells are from the Thaustochytriacae family.

[0018] In some embodiments, the microbial cells are of the genus selected from the group consisting of Crypthecodinium, Thraustochytrium, Aurantiochytrium and Schizochytrium.

[0019] In some embodiments, microbial cells are adapted to grow in low chloride conditions.

[0020] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein additionally comprise lecithin.

[0021] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein additionally comprise dietary additives, such as micronutrients. Dietary additives include astaxanthin, carotenoids, flavonoids, sterols, chalcitriols (vitamin D), tocopherols (vitamin E), and phylloquinone and menaquinones (vitamin K). Other dietary additives include antibiotics, antifungals, antiparasitics and hormones. Astaxanthins, carotenoids and other dietary additives can be added in the form of microbial biomass. For example, yeast, bacteria, fungi, microalgae or other microorganisms that produce astaxanthins, carotenoids and other micronutrients can be added to the composition.

[0022] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein additionally comprise an antioxidant. In other embodiments, the antioxidant is a natural antioxidant, lecithin, starch, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, rosemary extract, green tea extract, ascorbyl palmitate, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), ethoxyquin, or one or more combinations thereof.

[0023] In some embodiments, a transport or storage container comprising the composition set forth in this document is provided. In other embodiments, the container is a 2.1 x 102 L (55 gallon) drum or reservoir.

[0024] In some embodiments, a method is provided for preparing a composition of feed ingredients set forth herein comprising: mixing microbial cells and the oil of another organism to form a mixture; lysing the microbial cells in the mixture to form the composition as a dispersion.

[0025] In some embodiments, a method is provided for preparing a formulated food, comprising contacting the composition provided in this document with an edible food.

[0026] In some embodiments, a formulated food comprising a composition disclosed in this document is provided and edible food.

[0027] In some embodiments, the edible food is coated with the composition. In other embodiments, the edible food is coated with the composition under vacuum.

[0028] In some embodiments, the edible food is an aquaculture or animal food. In other embodiments, the edible food is a salmon food. In other embodiments, the edible food comprises by-products of fish or animal origin or combinations thereof.

[0029] In some embodiments, the formulated food is in a pelletized form.

[0030] In some embodiments, the formulated food contains at least 1%, 1.5%, or 2% omega-3 fatty acids.

[0031] In some embodiments, the composition given in this document represents at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 or 40% by weight of the formulated food.

[0032] In some embodiments, the paste of the invention is no longer spontaneously combustible. Microbial cells that contain large amounts of PUFA are unstable due to oxidation. The storage and transport of microbial cells containing large amounts of PUFAs can be problematic due to their propensity to spontaneously combust. The dispersion of microbial cells lysed in triglyceride oil does not spontaneously combust when subjected to temperatures between 50°C and 150°C. In some embodiments, combustion of the lysed microbial food ingredient composition or dispersion does not occur for at least 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 hours, when the food composition or formulation is subjected to 80°C. The invention paste is less expensive to ship and handle as it does not spontaneously combust.

[0033] The paste of the invention also minimizes the volume necessary to dispatch a given quantity of microbial cells. Unlysed microbial cells have low volume density. The dispersion of the lysed cells and the triglyceride oil significantly increases the volume density of the solids (eliminates the air space between the clusters) in such a way that almost twice the biomass fits in the same space; thereby leading to reduced transportation and storage costs. Furthermore, the dispersion of the invention is more easily isolated from exposure to oxygen. Purging a dry biomass superbag with nitrogen is difficult and requires significant amounts of nitrogen and it is difficult to obtain low levels of residual oxygen. In contrast, purging the small head space in a reservoir containing the slurry of the invention is easily accomplished and with much less nitrogen.

[0034] In some embodiments, the food composition or ingredient provided herein comprises at least one or more antioxidants selected from the group consisting of lecithin, starch, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, rosemary extract, tea extract green, ascorbyl palmitate, BHT, TBHQ and PWL. In some embodiments, the two or more antioxidants delay or inhibit the combustion of biomass when subjected to temperatures between 50°C and 150°C. In some embodiments, combustion of the food composition or ingredient does not occur for at least 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 hours when the food composition or formulation is subjected to 80°C.

[0035] In some embodiments, a composition is provided comprising microalgae cells of the genus Crypthecodinium, Thraustochytrium, Aurantiochytrium, or Schizochytrium and two or more antioxidants selected from the group consisting of lecithin, starch, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, extract of rosemary, green tea extract, ascorbyl palmitate, BHT, TBHQ and PWL. The microalgae cells in the composition do not burn for at least 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 hours when the composition or food formulation is subject to 80°C.

[0036] In some embodiments, a method is provided for increasing the body weight of an animal. The method comprises feeding the animal food that is coated with a dispersion of lysed microbial cells in triglyceride oil, wherein the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of less than 1:1.

[0037] The dispersion of lysed microbial cells in triglyceride oil contains from 5% to 90% by weight of lysed cells and between 10% and 95% triglyceride oil wherein the triglyceride oil comprises oil from lysed microbial cells and oil from another organism. As an example, a paste made with 50 g of Schizochytrium cells containing 50% lipid and 50 grams of canola oil would have a total of 75 g of oil (50 g of canola oil and 25 g of Schizochytrium oil).

[0038] In some embodiments, a method is provided for increasing the growth coefficient per thermal unit (TGC), feed consumption (FI) or feed efficiency (FE) of an animal. The method comprises feeding the animal food that is coated with a dispersion of lysed microbial cells in triglyceride oil, wherein the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of less than 1:1. The method can increase the animal's TGC, FI and FE.

[0039] In some embodiments, a method is provided for decreasing the content of docosahexaenoic acid in the feces of an animal. The method comprises feeding the animal food that is coated with a dispersion of lysed microbial cells in triglyceride oil, wherein the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of less than 1:1.

[0040] In some embodiments, a method is provided for increasing protein deposition (PD), lipid deposition (LD), docosahexaenoic acid deposition (DHAD) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPAD) of an animal. The method comprises feeding the animal food that is coated with a dispersion of lysed microbial cells in triglyceride oil, wherein the lysed cells have an aspect ratio of less than 1:1. The method can increase the animal's PD, LD, DHAD or EPAD.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 shows the percentage volumetric density as a function of particle size (pm) for the canola oil and biomass mixture of Example 2 and the dispersions resulting from subsequent homogenization or ball milling of the mixture .

[0042] Figure 2 shows micrographs of the mixture and dispersions from Example 2.

[0043] Figure 3 shows viscosity as a function of the shear rate of the mixture and the dispersions of Example 2.

[0044] Figure 4 shows the appearance of the mixture and dispersions of Example 2, after one week.

[0045] Figure 5 shows the OxiPress values (hours) of biomass and/or antioxidants from Example 3.

[0046] Figure 6 shows the relationship between dietary DHA levels and the efficiency of DHA deposition (eDHAD) of Example 5.

[0047] Figure 7 shows Variations in DHA content in salmon fillets (without skin) during the study. Each data point represents the average of two samples and each sample consisted of files of three fish grouped per tank.

DESCRIPTION Definitions

[0048] "Proportion" refers to the relationship between the width and height of the lysed cell or the non-lysed cell.

[0049] "Dietary additive(s)" are ingredients that are added to food ingredients in order to impart micronutrients or other compounds to improve the yield or quality of the animal product. Dietary additives are typically oil-soluble compounds, but can be water-soluble compounds. Dietary additives include, but are not limited to, astaxanthins, carotenoids, flavonoids, sterols, chalcitriols (vitamin D), tocopherols (vitamin E), and phylloquinone and menaquinones (vitamin K). Astaxanthins are used in aquaculture to improve the color of products such as salmon and trout. Other dietary additives include antibiotics, antifungals and antiparasitics used to protect the animal's health and hormones to increase the animal's growth rate and size. The food ingredient composition may additionally comprise yeast, bacteria, fungi, microalgae or other microorganisms that produce astaxanthins, carotenoids and other micronutrients.

[0050] "Dispersion" refers to solids in oil mixtures. In such mixtures, the solids are visibly present to the naked eye, without the aid of magnification.

[0051] A "fatty acid profile" is the distribution of fatty acyl groups in the oil's triglycerides without reference to attachment to a glycerol backbone. Fatty acid profiles are typically determined by conversion to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), followed by analysis by gas chromatography (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID). The fatty acid profile can be expressed as one or more percentages of a fatty acid in the total fatty acid signal determined from the area under the curve for that fatty acid. Measurement by FAME-GC-FID approximates the weight percentages of fatty acids.

[0052] "Fatty acid" in the context of a triglyceride oil refers to the fatty acyl radicals in a triglyceride. Accordingly, it will be understood that fatty acyl groups of triglycerides can be described in terms of the carboxylic acid that is produced when the triglyceride is hydrolyzed or saponified.

[0053] "Food ingredient" refers to substances that are added to other ingredients or foods in order to produce or modify a food.

[0054] "Food efficiency" (FE) is the gain in body mass (weight) per given amount of food consumed by the animal.

[0055] "Food consumption" (FI) is the amount of food consumed by an animal during a defined period of time.

[0056] "Food", "edible food", "food", "formulated food" and "finished food products" refer to products having some nutritional value suitable for ingestion by a living organism.

[0057] "Lipid deposition" (LD) is the increase in the animal's lipid content in degrees per day (mg °C/day). Efficiency of lipid deposition (eLD) is the percentage of lipid that is fed to the animal that ends up in the animal's lipid content. "Docosahexaneenoic acid deposition" (DHAD) is the increase in the animal's DHA content in degrees per day (mg °C/day). The efficiency of "docosahexaenoic acid deposition" (eDHAD) is the percentage of docosahexaenoic acid that is fed to the animal that ends up in the animal's DHA content. "Eicospentaenoic acid deposition" (EPAD) is the increase in the animal's EPA content in degrees per day (mg °C/day). The efficiency of "eicospentaenoic acid deposition" (eEPAD) is the percentage of eicospentaenoic acid that is fed to the animal that ends up in the animal's lipid content.

[0058] "Low chloride" refers to growing conditions in which the amount of chloride is lower than the salinity of marine environments.

[0059] "Lysis", "Lyse", "lysation" means disrupting or disrupting the cell wall or cell membrane of a cell sufficiently to release at least some intracellular contents.

[0060] "Lysed" cells or "ruptured" cells are those where the cell wall and/or membrane have been disrupted. After lysis, cell contents, including triglyceride oil, are partially or completely released from the cell. After rupture of the cell wall and/or membrane, some portion of the intracellular content, including triglyceride oils, may remain within the ruptured cell wall or membrane.

[0061] "Microbial cell" refers to a unicellular microorganism. Unicellular microorganisms include eukaryotic microbial organisms. Microbial organisms include those capable of photosynthesis, as well as heterotrophs, which can live only from a fixed carbon source.

[0062] An "oleaginous" cell, microbiome, or microorganism is capable of producing at least 20% lipids by dry cell weight naturally or through recombinant or classical strain improvement. Oleaginous cells and microorganisms include those such as microalgae, fungi and yeast.

[0063] "Protein deposition" (PD) is the increase in the animal's protein content in degrees per day (mg °C/day). The efficiency of protein deposition (ePD) is the percentage of proteins that are fed to the animal that ends up in the animal's protein content.

[0064] A "paste" or "microalgae paste" is a dispersion of microbial cells lysed in triglyceride oil. The paste comprises lysed microalgae cells with an aspect ratio of less than 1:1. The paste can be top coated, vacuum coated, spray coated onto solid food. The solid food can be prepared by pelleting, extrusion, forming or prepared using other known solid preparation methods.

[0065] A "growth coefficient per thermal unit" (TGC) is a mathematical coefficient that describes the growth of aquatic species that explains the changes in growth pattern that occur throughout the animal's life stages.

[0066] "Triglyceride molecule" refers to a single triglyceride composed of three fatty acids that are linked to a glycerol backbone, such as esters. "Triglyceride oils" refer to a collection of variable triglyceride molecules that differ in the nature and proportion of the different fatty acids and in the way in which the different fatty acids are linked to the glycerol backbone in relation to each other.

[0067] In some embodiments, microbial cells contain triglyceride oils rich in DHA. Commercial sources of oils rich in DHA are obtained from species of the genus Schizochytrium, with sp. denoting that the species is not identified. These cells can be prepared by heterotrophic fermentation as described by Barclay in US 5,130,242, 5,340,742 and 5,340,594.

[0068] Most commercial processes for producing DHA cells involve the use of a defined culture medium, industrial aerobic fermentation vessels, defined operational parameters (such as pH/temperature/salt levels) and double drum dryers to produce the characteristic powder of fine flakes.

[0069] Seawater contains about 0.55 M chloride. Chloride ions cause corrosion in stainless steel equipment in industrial environments. It is advantageous to minimize the amount of chloride in fermentation media and other liquids used during cultivation and in order to minimize corrosion. Marine organisms that have been adapted to grow in conditions with chloride concentrations below 0.55 M are discussed in this document. The low chloride conditions of the invention are 300 to 500 mM chloride, 100 to 300 mM chloride, 50 to 100 mM chloride, 1 to 75 mM chloride, 1 to 50 mM chloride, 1 to 40 mM chloride, 1 to 30 mM chloride, 1 to 20 mM chloride, 1 to 15 mM chloride, 1 to 10 mM chloride, 0.5 to 10 mM chloride, 0.5 to 7.5 mM of chloride or 0.5 to 5 mM chloride.

[0070] Drying the microbial cells in the aqueous fermentation broth can be carried out by first optionally dewatering the fermentation broth (concentrating the fermentation broth) in order to increase the cellular content of the broth. Dewatering or concentration refers to the separation of biomass from the fermentation broth or other liquid medium and is therefore a solid-liquid separation. Thus, during dewatering, the culture medium is removed from the biomass (for example, by draining the fermentation broth through a filter that retains the biomass), or the biomass is otherwise removed from the culture medium. Common dewatering processes include centrifugation, filtration and the use of mechanical pressure. These processes can be used individually or in any combination.

[0071] After the optional dewatering step, the concentrated juice, now with a higher solids content, can be dried by known drying methods, including, but not limited to drum drying, pneumatic drying, spray drying , freeze-drying and other drying methods.

[0072] A drum dryer operates by applying a film of fermentation broth (or dewatered fermentation broth) to the surface of a heated, rolling drum. The aqueous portion of the broth evaporates leaving a dry solid on the surface of the drum. The dry solids are then scraped out of the drum with a knife. Pneumatic dryers remove or drag material that must be dried in a stream of hot air. As the material is drawn through the hot air, moisture is quickly removed. The dry material is then separated from the moist air and the moist air is then recirculated for further drying. A spray dryer operates by spraying fermentation broth (or dewatered fermentation broth) into a dispersion of fine droplets into a stream of heated air. The entrained material is quickly dried and forms a dry powder. Spray drying can be accomplished by means of a box dryer, or a high-form spray dryer, or fluidized bed dryer, or a mobile fluidized bed dryer (e.g., a spray dryer FilterMat®, GEA Process Engineering, Inc.).

[0073] Dry powders can be mixed with oils that have been extracted from other organisms. The oils may be pure oils that are substantially free of solid materials. The oils may be extracted oils, such as vegetable oils, fish oils or combinations thereof. The oils are predominantly triglyceride oils. DHA-rich fish oils include oils from wild anchovies from South America and herring from the Northern Hemisphere. Oils mixed with dry powders may also include oil extracted from thraustochytrids. In some cases, where the oils are predominantly vegetable oils and contain less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% fish oil.

[0074] The mixed powders and oils can be molded or other methods used to lyse the microbial cells. Cell lysis allows triglyceride oil from cells to be released into the food ingredient composition. Mechanical lysis can be carried out by several well-known methods, such as roller mill, homogenizer or ball milling.

[0075] The extent of cellular disruption can be verified by microscopic analysis. The percentage of lysed cells can be determined by observing and counting the number of lysed and unlysed cells after cell lysis. In specific embodiments, the lysed cells of the invention are greater than 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% lysed.

[0076] Cell lysis or rupture can be carried out by mechanical, enzymatic, chemical, viral, electrical, ultrasonic, osmotic or other methods. A pressure disruptor, such as a high pressure homogenizer, can be used to lyse the cells. A pressure regulator lyses cells by pumping a mixture of cells and oil, for example, canola oil or other vegetable oil, through a restricted orifice valve to lyse the cells. High pressures (from 5 MPa (50 bar) to 150 MPa (1,500 bar)) are applied, followed by instantaneous expansion through an outlet nozzle. A Niro homogenizer (Niro Soavi GEA) (or any other high pressure homogenizer) or other commercially available homogenizer can be used to process cells into particles 5 to 500 micrometers in length. The aspect ratio of lysed cells decreases from a value of about 1:1 for unlysed cells to 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9 or 1:10. Biomass processing with high pressure homogenizers can produce cell lysis for more than 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% or more than 95% of the cells, through controlling the pressure, speed of output and other parameters.

[0077] Alternatively, a ball mill (also known as a ball mill) can be used. In a ball mill, cells are agitated in suspension with small abrasive particles such as spheres. The cells rupture due to shear forces, grinding between the spheres and collisions with the spheres. The spheres rupture the cells to release the cellular contents. The Dyno-mill ECM Ultra ball mill (CB Mills) and other commercially available ball mills can be used. Cells can also be disrupted by shear forces, such as with the use of mixing (such as with a high-speed mixer or a Waring mixer, as examples), the French press, or even by centrifugation to break up the cells. cells. Shear mixers can be used to lyse cells, including in-line high shear mixers and bulk high shear mixers.

[0078] The aspect ratio of the lysed cell is less than 1:1. In another embodiment, the aspect ratio is 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9 or 1:10. The aspect ratio of the unlysed cell is approximately 1:1. An advantage of lysed cells is that they have an aspect ratio of less than 1:1. The smaller aspect ratio is advantageous since, as the lysed cell/oil suspension is used in industrial equipment, the lysed cell/oil slurry prevents or minimizes clogging of the equipment, including holes that are used to spray the lysed cell suspension. lysed cell/oil in the extruded food.

[0079] The food ingredient composition can then be formulated with other food ingredients to produce a formulated food. In some embodiments, the food ingredient composition containing lysed cells is coated onto pressed or extruded food, such as by spraying. Pressed or extruded foods can be rich in proteins, such as those derived from fish and/or animal by-products. The formulated food may also include additional additives to improve flavor, stability and shelf life.

[0080] The formulated food can be used in an aquaculture to feed farmed fish or shellfish. Farmed fish include camivorous fish. In some embodiments, farmed fish or shellfish are salmonids, eels, crustaceans, marine fish, freshwater fish, tilapia or eels. In other modalities, the fish or seafood is sea bass, sea bream, amberjack, grouper, perch or shrimp.

Examples Example 1. Food ingredient

[0081] DHA-rich Schizochytrium cells (biomass) prepared by standard heterotrophic fermentation were dried and mixed using a standard impeller type mixer with canola oil at loading levels of 10%, 20% and 30% by weight of biomass. The biomass in oil mixtures was then processed through a high pressure homogenizer or ball mill to produce a dispersion of lysed algal cells in oil. For lysis in the high-pressure homogenizer, pressures of 20 MPa to 120 MPa (200 to 1,200 bar) were used and were sufficient to lyse the cells.

Example 2. Analysis of mixture and dispersions prepared from the mixture

[0082] A mixture of 20% by weight biomass with canola oil from Example 1 was prepared and analyzed by laser diffraction particle size analysis on a Malvern Mastersizer 3000. The mixture was also homogenized at 40 MPa ( 400 bar) and subjected to ball milling, and the resulting dispersions were also analyzed. Figure 1 shows that the ball milled dispersions had a smaller average particle size than the homogenized dispersions, and both had smaller average particle sizes than the parent mixture.

[0083] The smaller sizes are also seen in the micrographs in Figure 2 (400x magnification). The Dv50 value (distribution value of 50% or less) of the mixture was 228 pm, while the homogenized dispersion had a Dv50 of 15.3 pm and the ball milled dispersions had a Dv50 of 3.8 pm, indicating that the dispersions have better characteristics for use in sprayers.

[0084] A Malvern Kinexus Pro Rheometer was used to measure the viscosity of Figure 3. It was found that the ball milled dispersions had a lower viscosity than any given shear rate compared to the homogenized dispersions, which in turn, they were lower than the mixture.

[0085] The mixture and the two dispersions were allowed to settle and their appearances after one week are shown in Figure 4. It was found that the dispersions subjected to ball milling remain substantially in suspension. The mixture showed the highest degree of sedimentation.

Example 3. Oxidative stability analysis

[0086] The dry biomass from Example 1 was combined with various antioxidants using a manual mixer. Dry biomass with or without antioxidants was analyzed using an Oxipress at approximately 80°C. Natural and synthetic antioxidants were used and included L-alpha-Lecithin (soy, Calbiochem #429415), starch (corn, Argo), ascorbic acid (Spectrum Chemical Co.), ParadigmOx White Liquid (PWL-gallates, Kemin), RPT40 ( rosemary, tocopherol, ascorbyl palmitate, Kemin), NaturFort LGR105 (green tea and rosemary extract, Kemin), Rendox CQ (TBHQ, Kemin), Rendox EQ (ethoxyquin, Kemin) BHT (crystalline dissolved in ethanol, Kemin) and Covi -ox T-30P (mixed tocopherols). Figure 5 shows the surprising and unexpected oxidative stability of certain lecithin-containing biomasses.

[0087] The oxidative stability of biomass when prepared with antioxidants RPT40 (4000 ppm) and lecithin (1%) and approximately 22 hours at 80°C. This is surprising and unexpected since the oxidative stability of biomass when formulated with just 4,000 ppm of RPT40 is about 16 hours and the oxidative stability of biomass when formulated with just 1% lecithin is about 1.5 hours. When biomass is formulated with both RPT40 and lecithin, stability is 22 hours, much higher than the expected stability of 17.5 hours.

Example 4. Formulated food

[0088] The paste from Example 1 was top coated onto extruded food pellets using a vacuum coating apparatus. The resulting pellet contained 20% by weight of the dispersion from Example 1.

Example 5. Salmonid food study

[0089] Four aquaculture diets were formulated to contain 2.0% DHA and a DHA to EPA ratio between 2.1 and 2.5. Table 1 below discloses the ingredients and quantities of each ingredient for diets A, B, C and D. Table 2 below discloses the nutritional content of the four diets. Diet A (control) did not contain any Schizochytrium biomass, but used standard fish oil applied as a top coat as the main dietary source of DHA (apart from fishmeal which contains low levels of DHA). Diet B contained unlysed Schizochytrium biomass. For diet B, after the food was extruded, the pellets were coated with canola oil and herring oil. Diet C contained ball-milled Schizochytrium biomass that was mixed with canola oil and vacuum coated along with the other oils shown in Table 1 on extruded salmon feed. Diet D contained Schizochytrium biomass that was homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar) and mixed with canola oil and vacuum coated along with the other oils shown in Table 1 on extruded salmon feed. DHA levels ended up being lower than expected by ~1.5% instead of 2%. This discrepancy between calculated and observed dietary DHA levels may have resulted from lower than usual DHA levels in one of the fish oils. Table 2 shows the nutritional content of diets A, B, C and D. Herring oil was purchased and the typical fatty acid content of herring oil can be found in NRC (2011). The tuna fish oil ingredient 70DHA is commercially available from Edwards International Inc. Table 1: Feed formulas (calculated) of the experimental diets Table 2: Calculated nutritional content of experimental diets

[0090] Table 3 shows the comparison between the calculated (Cal.) and analyzed nutrient composition of experimental diets. In Table 3, AVC and NJFL refer to the laboratories where the analyzes were conducted. The crude protein analyzed in the experimental diets was 24% higher than that calculated. In contrast, the crude lipids of the analyzed diet, DHA and EPA, were lower than those calculated. Small differences were also observed between laboratories;

[0091] The differences between the calculated and analyzed nutrients can be explained by the composition of ingredients that sometimes differ from one batch to another, as well as from the composition prescribed in the formulation software and uncertainties of the analytical methods. Table 3: comparison between the calculated (Cal.) and analyzed nutrient composition

[0092] Cultivation conditions: Salt water in an aquaculture recirculation system equipped with eight 850-liter circular tanks. The water was maintained at 13.7 ± 1.3°C and > 80% dissolved oxygen saturation. Each experimental diet was randomly allocated to two tanks.

[0093] Sample collection: Files of nine fish (grouped) were prepared at the beginning and three fish from each tank on days 28, 56, 84 and 112. The Files corresponded to Trim E at http://primanor.com/salmon -fillet-trim-guide/, i.e. skinless, trimmed without belly fat, without fins. The only exception was that the thin pimples were not removed. Fecal matter, grouped by treatment group, was collected on days 84 and 112.

[0094] Laboratory analysis: Proximal analyzes of protein, lipid, ash, dry matter and total fatty acid compositions of diets (n = 4), feces (n = 8) and files were carried out on three grouped fish per tank per tank (n = 33). Chemical analysis was conducted as follows: dry matter, 105°C for 16 h (AOAC 930.15), ash at least 6 h at 550°C and nitrogen (AOAC 990.03; using a 78-element analyzer LECO FP528, St. Joseph, MI, USA; crude protein = N x 6.25) and lipid (Bligh & Dyer, 1959). The total fatty acid content of diets and files were determined, according to McNiven et al. (2011). Briefly, fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were prepared according to the procedure of Sukhija and Palmquist (1988) and were analyzed on a Hewlett Packard 5890 gas liquid chromatograph equipped with a 7673 series autosampler and injector, capillary column of Agilent DB23 fused silica (30 m x 0.53 mm x 0.5 m film thickness), FID detector and integrated with Agilent Chemstation software (Agilent Technologies Canada Inc., Mississauga, ON, Canada). The operating conditions were: Column injection; oven temperature, 70°C for 0.5 min, then 10°C/min to 170°C and held for 3 min, 5°C/min to 210°C and held for 6 min, 25°C/min min up to 230°C and maintained for 4.2 min; detector temperature, 250°C; hydrogen as carrier gas and nitrogen as compensation gas. Nonadecanoic acid was added as an internal standard and FAME standards (Nu-Chek-Prep, Elysian, MN, USA; Matreya, Pleasant Gap, PA, USA) were used to identify chromatographic peaks. Results were reported as mg/100 mg total fatty acid using published correction factors (Ackman, 2002).

[0095] Calculations and Statistical Analysis: The growth rate was calculated using the growth coefficient per thermal unit (TGC): where Wf and Wo are the final and initial body weight, respectively, of fish in units of g, n (= 1,2,...) and the number of days recorded from Wo, and Tt (°C) is the average daily water temperature.

[0096] The results of the analyzes of fatty acids and nearby served to describe the rates of nutrient deposition using the following equation (Dumas et al., 2007): where Dj is the deposition rate [mg (°C • d)"1] of nutrients j, Fj and Ij are the final and initial mass of the entire body of nutrients j (mg) at the end and beginning of the period of 84 days, respectively, n represents the number of days for the period from Fj to Ij, Tt (°C) and the average daily water temperature for day U, the product of which results in units of degree days.

[0097] Nutrient deposition rates were, in turn, used to estimate the efficiency of nutrient deposition using the following equations modified from Dumas et al. (2007): where eDj is efficiency (%) of nutrient deposition y [mg (fish)"1], INj (mg) and the daily intake of nutrient j for day U.

[0098] The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test with JMP® version 12.0.1 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA).

[0099] 4.0 Results and Discussion: No statistical differences were observed between treatments for initial body weight (P = 0.590), final body weight (P = 0.483), TGC (P = 0.387), food consumption (P = 0.588 ) and food efficiency (P = 0.484) (Table 4). Furthermore, food treatments did not significantly affect food consumption and food efficiency (P values ranged between 0.44 and 0.90). The growth of salmon fed diets C (AP-BM) and D (AP-H400) was superior to that of Control and B (AP). The TGC values observed in this study are comparable with other studies carried out with the same salmon strain (e.g. Wolters et al., 2009). These results indicated that the inclusion of AlgaPrime in salmon diets supported growth performance and feed conversion in a similar way to fish oil.

[00100] Table 4 shows the initial body weight (IBW) and final body weight (FBW), the growth coefficient per thermal unit (TGC), the feed intake (FI) and the feed efficiency (FE) of Atlantic salmon fed diets containing both no AlgaPrime (Control), AlgaPrime meal (AP), AlgaPrime ground beads (AP-BM) and AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar) (AP-H400); data are averages (standard deviation); mean values in a column without a common superscript differ significantly (p < 0.05) based on Tukey's test (the absence of a superscript indicates no difference). The final body weight of diets B, C and D, when compared to salmon that were fed the control diet (without AlgaPrime). The thermal growth coefficient increased from 0.176 to 0.193, with p <0.05. Table 4

[00101] Use and deposit of DHA: The differences observed between treatments for the concentrations of protein (P = 0.626), lipids (P = 0.185), DHA (P = 0.699) and EPA (P = 0.256) in the Atlantic salmon fillets in this study are shown in Table 5. Unexpectedly, the highest DHA content in fillets was obtained with AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar). File composition was not significantly affected by dietary treatments in this study (Table 5). The protein content in Atlantic salmon fillet (FP) was in accordance with the literature (e.g. Waagbo et al., 1993). However, more variability was observed with lipids and fatty acids. The lipid content of the files (FL) was lower than that observed by Waagbo et al. (1993) and Acharya (2011), but remained within the range reported by FAO (http://www.fao.org/wairdocs/tan/x5916e/x5916e01.htm). The content of DHA (FDHA) and EPA (FEPA) was almost 5X and 2X higher, respectively, in this study compared to Atlantic salmon fillets from Chile and Canada purchased at a local grocery store (Appendix 2). In contrast, the DHA + EPA level of Atlantic salmon purchased at the local grocery store was at least 2X higher than in our study (e.g., Kousoulaki et al., 2015; Sprague et al., 2016). In Kousoulaki et al. (2016), the DHA and EPA content of files was comparable to this study at 0.7 and 0.1%, respectively. These differences can be explained, at least in part, by the fatty acid content of dietary lipid sources and fly trimming that can affect lipid and fatty acid results.

[00102] Table 5 shows the protein and lipid content of salmon fillets. Lead and end file protein (FP), lipid (FL), docosahexaenoic acid (FDHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (FEPA) of Atlantic salmon fed diets containing both AlgaPrime (Control) and AlgaPrime meal ( AP), ground AlgaPrime spheres (AP-BM) and AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar) (AP-H400); data are averages (standard deviation); mean values in a column with no common superscript differ significantly based on Tukey's test. The initial sample is the salmon fillet before the start of the food study (treatment). Table 5:

[00103] DHA content of feces: The DHA content of feces was determined. With the exception of diet B (AP), the DHA content in the feces was ~75X lower than in the diets, suggesting that most of the DHA in the diet was absorbed by the digestive tract of salmon fed the other diets (Table 6 ). The DHA content in feces of salmon fed diet B (AP) was significantly higher than that in other treatments (P < 0.05). Perhaps the availability of DHA from the AP meal was lower compared to more processed AP, but this hypothesis needs to be validated. Although we did not estimate digestibility coefficients in this study, we demonstrated in a previous trial that DHA digestibility from AP was elevated by ~95% (Dumas, 2016).

[00104] Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents in diets and feces of Atlantic salmon fed diets containing both AlgaPrime (Control), AlgaPrime meal (AP), AlgaPrime ground beads (AP-BM) and AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar) (AP-H400) are shown in Table 6. Data are means (standard deviation); mean values in a column without a common superscript differ significantly based on the Tukey test (the absence of a superscript indicates no difference). The amount of DHA in the feces of salmon fed diet B differed with p <0.05. Thus, DHA imparted to the salmon in the form of lysed algal paste resulted in better absorption by the salmon than when imparted to the salmon as unlysed algal biomass incorporated into the dry feed. Table 6 1 No replications were conducted on the diets.

[00105] DHA levels increased more rapidly during the first month in salmon fillets fed Diets B and C compared to the other treatments (Figure 1). On day 28, DHA contents in salmon fillets fed diet D were 0.27 and 0.45% in samples 1 and 2, respectively. The 0.27% sample can be considered an “outlier”. In this case, the DHA content in the fillets would be identical between Diet D and Control. Overall, the highest DHA levels were achieved between one and two months after the start of the study, and levels remained relatively similar thereafter for salmon fed diets containing AP. See Figure 7.

[00106] Protein, DHA and EPA deposition: The deposition rates of protein, DHA and EPA in Atlantic salmon fillets increased when compared to fish oil from fed fish (Table 7). The p values of the deposition rates of protein, DHA and EPA were P=0.417, P=0.639 and P=0.197, respectively. The highest DHA deposition rates were observed with AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar), which is consistent with the highest DHA content reported in salmon fillets fed the same treatment (Table 5 above). The lowest DHA deposition was recorded with diet B (AP), which also resulted in feces containing the highest DHA content, as reported in Table 6. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that DHA originated from the AP meal (Diet B) was less available. Lipid deposition (LD) was lower in salmon fillets fed the AlgaPrime meal (Diet B) than the Control (fish oil) and AlgaPrime processed at 40 MPa (400 bar) (Table 7 ). This difference can be explained by a lower lipid digestibility in the AlgaPrime meal compared to the homogenized AlgaPrime.

[00107] The deposition rates of protein (PD), lipids (LD), docosahexaenoic acid (DHAD) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPAD) in fillets (skinless, trimmed) of Atlantic salmon fed with diets containing both without AlgaPrime (Control), AlgaPrime meal (AP), AlgaPrime ground spheres (AP-BM) and AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar) (AP-H400) are shown in Table 7. Data are averages (standard deviation); mean values in a column without a common superscript differ significantly based on the Tukey test (the absence of a superscript indicates no difference). AlgaPrime, homogenized and non-homogenized, both increased protein deposition in salmon. Furthermore, the amount of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid deposition increased with the homogenized algal biomass. Lipid deposition (LD) was significantly lower (P =0.024) in salmon fillets fed with the AlgaPrime meal (Diet B) than with the Control (fish oil) and AlgaPrime processed at 40 MPa ( 400 bar) (Table 5). This difference can be explained by a lower lipid digestibility in the AlgaPrime meal compared to the homogenized AlgaPrime. Therefore, the inclusion of algal cells in salmon diets as a paste that is coated on extruded pellets significantly increases lipid deposition when compared to the direct inclusion of algal cells in aquaculture feeds. Table 7

[00108] AlgaPrime and fish oil resulted in higher deposition efficiencies of protein (P=0.397), lipid (P =0.205), DHA (P=0.239) and EPA (P=0.371) (Table 8). The efficiency of DHA deposition (eDHAD) is inversely related to the content/availability of DHA in the diet (Roselund et al., 2016; Kousoulaki et al., 2016). The results published in this document corroborate this observation (Figure 6). Therefore, low eDHAD values can be explained by high levels of DHA available in the diet and do not necessarily mean that one source of DHA is better than another. Nutrient deposition efficiencies were calculated using the AVC laboratory results reported in Table 3.

[00109] Table 8 shows the deposition efficiency of protein (ePD), lipids (eLD), docosahexaenoic acid (eDHAD) and eicosapentaenoic acid (eEPAD) in files (skinless, trimmed) of Atlantic salmon fed diets containing either no AlgaPrime (Control), AlgaPrime meal (AP), AlgaPrime ground beads (AP-BM) and AlgaPrime homogenized at 40 MPa (400 bar) (AP-H400). Data are averages (standard deviation); mean values in a column without a common superscript differ significantly based on the Tukey test (the absence of a superscript indicates no difference). AlgaPrime, homogenized and non-homogenized, both increased the efficiency of protein deposition. The efficiency of lipid deposition increased with homogenized algal biomass. Furthermore, the efficiency of eicosapentaenoic acid deposition increased with homogenized algal biomass. Table 8

Example 6. Low Chloride Tolerant Strains of Schizochytrium limacinum

[00110] The presence of high levels of chloride poses corrosion challenges in industrial equipment, including fermentation tanks, pipes, pumps and other units. Chloride reduction provides the benefits of reduced corrosion potential in equipment used for the cultivation and processing of DHA-rich biomass.

[00111] Schizochytrium cultures were serially grown in reduced chloride medium until the population evolved and was able to achieve growth similar to that of the parental strain in the original full chloride medium. The evolved population was screened for isolates in order to identify strains suitable for cultivation in media with reduced chloride levels.

[00112] The S. limacinum strain, S9026, was used as the source culture for the evolution of tolerance to low chloride. Growth in these cultures was monitored as Optical Density (OD) by measuring absorbance at 750 nm. Cells (1.5 mL) of S9026 that had been cryopreserved with 20% (w/v) glycerol at -80 °C were thawed at room temperature and used to inoculate 50 mL of 03SF25 medium containing 8.4 mM chloride. (Table 9 and 10) in a flask with 250 mL baffles. This cell culture was then incubated at 28°C and 200 rpm on a rotary shaker with a two-inch stroke for 24 hours until the OD750 ranged from 3-6. 5% of the resulting primary seed culture was used to inoculate 50 ml of 03SF25 medium modified with 0.25 mM chloride (97% reduction in chloride) in a 250 ml baffle flask. The reduced chloride culture was incubated at 28°C and 200 rpm on a rotary shaker until its final OD750 reached 3-6. In contrast to the primary culture of S9026 which reached target growth within 24 hours, the reduced chloride culture required 4-5 days to reach target growth, indicating the need for chloride by S9026. The resulting cell culture was subcultured 4 times serially in 0.25 mM chloride modified 03SF25 medium in a 250 ml baffle flask until its cell growth rate was similar to that of its parental strain S9026 in 03SF25 medium. Growth rates were estimated to be similar if a 1-5% v/v inoculum in modified 03SF25 medium containing 0.25 mM Cl was able to reach OD of 3-6 within 24 hours. The final subculture (designated S9026-MF5-1-0.25 mM Cl) was plated on GYPS agar and individual colonies were screened for lipid production. Table 9. Composition of defined or modified Q3SF25 medium Table 10. Composition of the DAS3 vitamin stock solution Table 11. Composition of C-Trace 7 (trace metal stock solution)

[00113] 80 isolates collected from S9026-MF5-l-0.25mM Cl were screened in 50 mL bioreactor tubes containing 10 mL of 0.25 mM chloride modified 03SF25 medium as follows. Each isolate was inoculated into 0.8 mL of modified 03SF25 medium (0.25 mM Cl) in a 96-well block culture format and then incubated at 28°C and 900 rpm in a multitron shaker for 20- 24 hours in order to prepare the primary sowing crops. The resulting primary seed cultures were inoculated at 4% (v/v) in 9.6 mL of modified 03SF25 medium (0.5 mM chloride) in 50 mL bioreactor tubes. Production bioreactor tubes were incubated at 28°C and 200 rpm on a rotary shaker for 3 days and then harvested for lipid assay. The parental strain S9026 was also grown in 03SF25 (8.4 mM Cl) in parallel as a control.

[00114] Two isolates with good lipid productivity and DHA content in lipids were identified from primary screening and then cryopreserved as S9179 and S9180, respectively. After cryopreservation, S9179 and S9180 were confirmed to give good lipid production and DHA content in lipids comparable to the parental strain in reduced chloride medium (0.5 mM Cl modified O3SF25).

[00115] S9179 and S9180 were also evaluated in 3 L laboratory scale fermentors (Applikon, Netherlands) in a batch fermentation process fed by high cell density using NH4, N/P16 at 350 mM comparable to that used to evaluate Action of S9026. For cultivation of S9026, seed stages typically comprised cultivation in 03SF25 (8.4 mM Cl) in flasks and inoculation at 10% v/v into production medium containing 10-11 mM Cl. For evaluation of S9179 and S9180, seed flask stages were grown in modified 03SF25 (0.25 mM Cl) and the production medium was modified to achieve 1 mM Cl (Table 12). To facilitate sucrose hydrolysis, 1.5 mL/L of 20 g/L Maxvert invertase solution (sterilized by filtration) were added at the beginning of fermentation operations.

[00116] The cultures were grown at 28°C with an aeration rate of 1.0 wm. Sterilized VHP syrup (70% w/w) was used as carbon feedstock and was introduced using a DO-responsive algorithm (pulsed feed on demand to achieve <10 g/L total sugar per injection). The pH was maintained at 5.1 ± 0.2 automatically by adding acid (16% w/w H2SO4) and base (28% w/w ammonium hydroxide followed by 10% w/w NaOH ). The dissolved oxygen (DO) level was maintained at >20% of air saturation by automatic agitation control (500-1250 rpm) followed by supplementation with pure oxygen (0100%). Ammonium sulfate (NH4+ at 50 mM batch) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4+ at 300 mM) were used as nitrogen source. As required, the fermentation broth was sampled in order to determine the DCW, lipid titer and fatty acid composition, total solids and residual sugar concentrations in the broth. Table 12. Composition of the fermentation medium defined in batch in the fermenter

[00117] Both strains S9179 and S9180 showed comparable strain performance on biomass and lipid production/yield, DHA content in lipids and DHA productivity/yield in fermenters.

[00118] Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that additional modifications are possible. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the following invention, in general, the principles of the invention and including such deviations from the present disclosure as are in known or common practice within the art to which it pertains. the invention is as can be applied to characteristics stipulated in this document.

Claims (15)

1. Feed ingredient composition, characterized by the fact that the composition comprises a dispersion of microbial cells lysed in triglyceride oil, wherein: a. 10-90% by weight of the composition are lysed microbial cells and b. 10-90% by weight of the composition is triglyceride oil, wherein the triglyceride oil comprises oil from lysed microbial cells and oil from fish, plant, oleaginous, animal microbes or combinations thereof, wherein DHA is 4- 10% by weight of the food ingredient composition, and wherein the lysed microbial cells have an average particle size of 5-100 micrometers, and wherein the microbial cells are from the family Thraustochytriaceae and/or the genus Crypthecodinium. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the triglyceride oil has a fatty acid profile of 10-50% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by weight of fatty acids, optionally wherein the DHA is 5-10%, 5-7%, 5-8%, 6-8% or 6-7% by weight of the composition. 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises 10-15%, 10-25%, 15-20% or 20-25% by weight of lysed microbial cells. 4. Composition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it further comprises less than 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 3% or 1% by weight of the composition of non-microbial cells. lysed. 5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oil from the lysed microbial cells has a fatty acid profile of 40-70%, 40-60%, 4050%, 45 -55% or 50-55% DHA by weight of fatty acids. 6. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the lysed microbial cells have an average particle size of 5-90 micrometers, 5-80 micrometers, 5-70 micrometers, 5-60 micrometers, 5-50 micrometers, 5-40 micrometers, 5-30 micrometers, 5-20 micrometers or 5-20 micrometers. 7. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the oil from a plant is coconut, corn, cottonseed, olive oil, palm, peanut, rapeseed, canola, cardamom, sesame, soybean , soybean oil, walnut oil, camelina oil, or citrus oil, or one or more combinations thereof; optionally, wherein the oil of a fish is an oil of anchovy, herring, haddock, capelin, mackerel, sardine, mackerel obtained from processing fish, tuna, salmon or one or more combinations thereof. 8. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the microbial cells are of the genus selected from the group consisting of Crypthecodinium, Thraustochytrium, Aurantiochytrium and Schizochytrium. 9. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises astaxanthin, carotenoids, flavonoids, lecithin, sterols, calcitriols (vitamin D), tocopherols (vitamin E) and phylloquinone and menaquinone (vitamin K ), antibiotics, antifungals, antiparasitics and hormones. 10. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises an antioxidant, optionally wherein the antioxidant is a natural antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), ethoxyquin or one or more combinations thereof. 11. Method for preparing a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the method comprises: a) mixing microbial cells and the oil of another organism to form a mixture; and b) lysing the microbial cells in the mixture to form the composition as a dispersion. 12. Method for preparing a formulated feed, characterized by the fact that the method comprises contacting the composition of any one of claims 1 to 10 with an edible food. 13. Method according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the edible food is coated with the composition, optionally wherein the edible food is coated with the composition under vacuum; and/or wherein the edible food is an aquaculture or animal feed, optionally wherein the edible food is a salmon feed; and/or wherein the edible food comprises fish or animal by-products or combinations thereof. 14. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by the fact that the formulated feed is in pelleted form; and/or where the formulated feed contains at least 1%, 1.5% or 2% omega-3 fatty acids; and/or wherein the composition represents at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 or 40% by weight of the formulated food. 15. Formulated feed, characterized in that the formulated feed comprises a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and edible food, optionally wherein the food is an aquaculture or animal feed, optionally wherein the edible food is an aquaculture feed or an animal feed.