BR112021015523A2 - REFRACTORY MASSES AND BINDING AGENT FOR THEM, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE - Google Patents

REFRACTORY MASSES AND BINDING AGENT FOR THEM, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE Download PDF

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BR112021015523A2
BR112021015523A2 BR112021015523-6A BR112021015523A BR112021015523A2 BR 112021015523 A2 BR112021015523 A2 BR 112021015523A2 BR 112021015523 A BR112021015523 A BR 112021015523A BR 112021015523 A2 BR112021015523 A2 BR 112021015523A2
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sio2
binder
refractory
micronized
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BR112021015523-6A
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Portuguese (pt)
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Manfred Knoll
Natalie Fröse
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Intocast Ag
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Priority claimed from DE102019001214.3A external-priority patent/DE102019001214A1/en
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Publication of BR112021015523A2 publication Critical patent/BR112021015523A2/en

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    • C04B28/24Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
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Abstract

massas refratárias e agente de ligação para asmesmas, processo para sua produção e utilização. a presente invenção refere-se a uma massa refratária sem conformação, em particular a uma massa de fundição, massa de borrifo e/ou massa de escoamento livre, compreendendo um sistema aglutinante formado por adição de água e um ligante de sio2 amorfo, micronizado, seco, como o único ligante, que é misturado em uma proporção = 1% em peso da massa total com os constituintes sólidos a serem fixados e, após adição de 1-30% em peso de água forma o sistema ligante. a invenção também se refere a um processo para produzir massas refratárias e um uso de dióxido de silício amorfo microcristalino na produção de massas refratárias.refractory masses and binding agent for them, process for their production and use. The present invention relates to a refractory mass without forming, in particular to a casting mass, spray mass and/or free-flowing mass, comprising a binder system formed by the addition of water and an amorphous, micronized Si2 binder, dry, as the only binder, which is mixed in a proportion = 1% by weight of the total mass with the solid constituents to be fixed and, after addition of 1-30% by weight of water, forms the binder system. The invention also relates to a process for producing refractory masses and a use of microcrystalline amorphous silicon dioxide in the production of refractory masses.

Description

Relatório Descritivo da Patente de Invenção para “MASSAS REFRATÁRIAS E AGENTE DE LIGAÇÃO PARA AS MESMAS, PROCESSO PARA SUA PRODUÇÃO E UTILIZAÇÃO”.Descriptive Report of the Patent of Invention for “REFRACTORY MASSES AND BINDING AGENT FOR THEM, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE”.

CAMPO DA INVENÇÃOFIELD OF THE INVENTION

[001] A presente invenção refere-se a uma massa refratária, a um agente de ligação para a mesma, a um processo para produção de uma massa refratária e a um sistema de ligação e a um uso de dióxido de silício amorfo micronizado de acordo com o preâmbulo das reivindicações independentes.[001] The present invention relates to a refractory mass, a binding agent therefor, a process for producing a refractory mass and a binding system and a use of micronized amorphous silicon dioxide in accordance with with the preamble of independent claims.

ANTECEDENTES DA TÉCNICABACKGROUND OF THE TECHNIQUE

[002] Cimentos de alta alumina são ligantes convencionais mais frequentemente utilizados em produtos refratários não conformados. A ligação por aluminatos de cálcio contidos nesses cimentos é ativada por adição de água.[002] High alumina cements are conventional binders most often used in unformed refractory products. The binding by calcium aluminates contained in these cements is activated by the addition of water.

[003] Nos últimos anos, no entanto, as soluções de sol de sílica têm sido cada vez mais usadas como ligantes. As soluções de sol de sílica são dispersões coloidais aquosas feitas de partículas de dióxido de silício amorfo em nanoescala. Os produtos refratários ligados por meio deles se caracterizam por boa resistência a álcalis e a ácidos em comparação com massas ligadas com cimento.[003] In recent years, however, silica sol solutions have been increasingly used as binders. Silica sol solutions are aqueous colloidal dispersions made of nanoscale amorphous silicon dioxide particles. Refractory products bonded through them are characterized by good resistance to alkali and acids compared to cement-bonded masses.

[004] Em comparação com as massas ligadas com cimento, os materiais ligados com sol de sílica podem ser aquecidos rapidamente devido à falta de fases de hidrato, o que leva a uma significativa economia de energia e, portanto, de custos.[004] Compared to cement-bonded masses, silica sol-bonded materials can be heated quickly due to the lack of hydrate phases, which leads to significant energy and therefore cost savings.

[005] Uma desvantagem desses ligantes, no entanto, é que eles devem ser armazenados em recipientes separados, protegidos contra geada e luz. Devido à sensibilidade a geada, dispositivos de aquecimento especiais devem ser instalados.[005] A disadvantage of these binders, however, is that they must be stored in separate containers, protected from frost and light. Due to frost sensitivity, special heating devices must be installed.

[006] Alternativamente, o dióxido de silício amorfo micronizado pode ser misturado como um pó seco com os outros constituintes da massa, de modo que um gel de sílica é formado quando água é adicionada à massa total.[006] Alternatively, the micronized amorphous silicon dioxide can be mixed as a dry powder with the other constituents of the dough, so that a silica gel is formed when water is added to the total dough.

[007] Uma argamassa refratária é conhecida a partir da DE 41 09 916 A1, em que uma mistura compreendendo fosfato, argila e lignossulfonato é usada como o agente de ligação.[007] A refractory mortar is known from DE 41 09 916 A1, in which a mixture comprising phosphate, clay and lignosulfonate is used as the binding agent.

[008] Na DE 10 2014 019 351 A1 são utilizados alcatrão, piche, e resina como o principal componente ligante.[008] In DE 10 2014 019 351 A1 tar, pitch, and resin are used as the main binding component.

[009] Os sistemas de ligação das DE 27 39 767 A1, EP 0 842 910 A2 e DE 30 02 763 A1 se baseiam em argilas com adição de um fosfato ácido / ácido clorídrico, assim como, em sol de vidro / sílica líquida.[009] The binding systems of DE 27 39 767 A1, EP 0 842 910 A2 and DE 30 02 763 A1 are based on clays with the addition of an acid phosphate / hydrochloric acid, as well as on glass sol / liquid silica.

DIVULGAÇÃO DA INVENÇÃODISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Com base nisso, a invenção tem como objetivo criar uma massa refratária aperfeiçoada com um sistema de ligação aprimorado, um processo para a respectiva produção e um uso de dióxido de silício amorfo micronizado de acordo com o preâmbulo das reivindicações independentes.[0010] Based on this, the invention aims to create an improved refractory mass with an improved bonding system, a process for the respective production and a use of micronized amorphous silicon dioxide in accordance with the preamble of the independent claims.

[0011] Este objetivo é alcançado de acordo com as características das reivindicações independentes.[0011] This objective is achieved in accordance with the characteristics of the independent claims.

[0012] A invenção propõe pela primeira vez o uso de pequenas quantidades (em particular ≤ 1% em peso ou 0,1-1% em peso) de um dióxido de silício amorfo micronizado como o único ligante para a formação de ligações em materiais refratários não conformados.[0012] The invention proposes for the first time the use of small amounts (in particular ≤ 1% by weight or 0.1-1% by weight) of a micronized amorphous silicon dioxide as the only binder for forming bonds in materials non-conforming refractories.

[0013] Ao se utilizar concreto refratário convencional, no qual a presença de fases de cimento (aluminatos de cálcio) pode ter um efeito disruptivo (por exemplo, em coadjuvantes de queima à base de SiC), é vantajoso usar um sistema de SiO2 micronizado em vez de fases de cimento à base de água para formação de ligantes. Isto pode ser feito, por exemplo, usando soluções de sol de sílica. Para tanto, a massa a ser ligada é misturada com a solução de sol de sílica, processada e deixada endurecer. Alternativamente, o SiO2 amorfo micronizado pode ser misturado como um pó seco com os outros constituintes da massa, de modo que se forme um gel de sílica na massa quando a massa total for misturada com água. A vantagem deste procedimento é que nenhuma solução de sol de sílica, cuja reatividade é influenciada por processos de envelhecimento e condições de armazenamento, deve ser fornecida separadamente.[0013] When using conventional refractory concrete, in which the presence of cement phases (calcium aluminates) can have a disruptive effect (for example, in SiC-based firing aids), it is advantageous to use a micronized SiO2 system instead of water-based cement phases for binder formation. This can be done, for example, using silica sol solutions. For this, the mass to be bonded is mixed with the silica sol solution, processed and allowed to harden. Alternatively, the micronized amorphous SiO2 can be mixed as a dry powder with the other dough constituents so that a silica gel forms in the dough when the whole dough is mixed with water. The advantage of this procedure is that no silica sol solution, whose reactivity is influenced by aging processes and storage conditions, must be supplied separately.

[0014] De acordo com a invenção, ao dispersar óxido de silício amorfo micronizado sob a ação de água, é gerado um sistema de ligação que pode ser usado para formar ligações em produtos refratários, não conformados.[0014] According to the invention, by dispersing micronized amorphous silicon oxide under the action of water, a bonding system is generated that can be used to form bonds in refractory, unformed products.

[0015] O SiO2 micronizado usado para a formação da ligação é um produto que pode ser obtido como um precipitado amorfo por meio de uma reação de precipitação e tem uma pureza de aproximadamente 90- 99,9% em peso (no estado seco), um tamanho médio de grão na faixa do micrômetro (1-50 µm, em particular 1-10 µm, 1-20 µm, 1-30 µm ou 1-40 µm) e uma área de superfície específica de aproximadamente 50- 350 m2/g, em particular 100-350 m2/g, 200 -350 m2/g ou 250-300 m2/g.[0015] The micronized SiO2 used for bond formation is a product that can be obtained as an amorphous precipitate by means of a precipitation reaction and has a purity of approximately 90-99.9% by weight (in the dry state), an average grain size in the micrometer range (1-50 µm, in particular 1-10 µm, 1-20 µm, 1-30 µm or 1-40 µm) and a specific surface area of approximately 50-350 m2/ g, in particular 100-350 m2 /g, 200 -350 m2 /g or 250-300 m2 /g.

[0016] A grande área de superfície específica do material causa uma hidratação rápida quando o SiO2 amorfo micronizado é misturado com água para formar um gel de sílica. Os géis de sílica contêm unidades (H2SiO5)x, que são mantidas juntas por ligações de Van-der- Waals e ligações de pontes de hidrogênio e entre as quais, podem ser incluídas partículas de outra composição química e diferentes tamanhos de grãos. Quando o gel seca, resta uma estrutura de SiO2, que continua a envolver os grãos introduzidos.[0016] The material's large specific surface area causes rapid hydration when micronized amorphous SiO2 is mixed with water to form a silica gel. Silica gels contain (H2SiO5)x units, which are held together by Van-der-Waals bonds and hydrogen bonding bonds, between which particles of different chemical composition and different grain sizes can be included. When the gel dries, a SiO2 structure remains, which continues to envelop the introduced grains.

[0017] O processo de acordo com a invenção se refere à produção de um sistema de ligação de SiO2 empregando um agente de ligação de SiO2 seco que mistura a massa total em uma proporção de 1% em peso, em particular 0,1-1% em peso, com os componentes sólidos a serem ligados e após a adição de cerca de 1-30% em peso, em particular 1-10% em peso, 10-30% em peso, 15-30% em peso ou 20- 30% em peso de água, é usado para formar ligações.[0017] The process according to the invention relates to the production of a SiO2 binding system employing a dry SiO2 binding agent that mixes the total mass in a proportion of 1% by weight, in particular 0.1-1 % by weight, with the solid components being bound and after addition of about 1-30% by weight, in particular 1-10% by weight, 10-30% by weight, 15-30% by weight or 20- 30% by weight of water is used to form bonds.

[0018] A velocidade de hidratação do SiO2, a coagulação para formar o gel de sílica e a desidratação subsequente do gel depende da temperatura, do valor do pH, da composição do material e da espessura do material.[0018] The rate of hydration of SiO2, coagulation to form silica gel and subsequent dehydration of the gel depends on temperature, pH value, material composition and material thickness.

[0019] No entanto, o sistema de ligação à base de SiO2 micronizado tem uma dependência de reação significativamente menor em relação à temperatura e à composição química do que os sistemas de ligação à base de cimento. A formação de ligação pode, portanto, ser usada para a produção de um grande número de massas refratárias de diferentes composições de matéria-prima tal como spray, vibração, autofluxo (Self flow) ou massa fundida.[0019] However, the micronized SiO2-based bonding system has a significantly lower reaction dependence on temperature and chemical composition than cement-based bonding systems. Bonding can therefore be used for the production of a large number of refractory masses from different raw material compositions such as spray, vibration, self flow or melt.

[0020] Os materiais refratários produzidos de acordo com a invenção, após terem sido vazados em cilindros e secos a 110 °C, alternativamente 100-150 °C, 105-125 °C, geralmente têm uma resistência à compressão > 15 MPa. Devido à menor tendência de espalhamento dos géis de sílica em comparação com as fases de aluminato de cálcio hidratado, os produtos feitos com ligantes de SiO 2 micronizados oferecem a vantagem de poderem ser aquecidos mais rapidamente sem danos.[0020] The refractory materials produced according to the invention, after being cast into cylinders and dried at 110°C, alternatively 100-150°C, 105-125°C, generally have a compressive strength > 15 MPa. Due to the lower scattering tendency of silica gels compared to hydrated calcium aluminate phases, products made with micronized SiO 2 binders offer the advantage that they can be heated more quickly without damage.

[0021] Exemplo 1 para massas refratárias (dado em % em peso): Óxido de alumínio (0 – 6 mm) 80 - 95 % Espinélio (0 – 3 mm) 5 – 20 % MgO mais fino <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 % SiO2 amorfo micronizado <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 % Polieletrólito sintético <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 % Fibras de PE <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 %[0021] Example 1 for refractory masses (given in % by weight): Aluminum oxide (0 – 6 mm) 80 - 95 % Spinel (0 – 3 mm) 5 – 20 % finer MgO <1 %, in particular 0 .1 % to 1 % Micronised amorphous SiO2 <1 %, in particular 0.1 % to 1 % Synthetic polyelectrolyte <1 %, in particular 0.1 % to 1 % PE fibers <1 %, in particular 0.1 % up to 1%

[0022] Exemplo 2 para massas refratárias (dado em % em peso): Óxido de alumínio (0 – 6 mm) 90 - 99 % MgO mais fino <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 % SiO2 amorfo micronizado <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 % Polieletrólito sintético <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 % Fibras de PE <1 %, em particular 0,1 % até 1 %[0022] Example 2 for refractory masses (given in % by weight): Aluminum oxide (0 – 6 mm) 90 - 99 % finer MgO <1 %, in particular 0.1 % to 1 % micronized amorphous SiO2 <1 %, in particular 0.1 % to 1 % Synthetic polyelectrolyte <1 %, in particular 0.1 % to 1 % PE fibers <1 %, in particular 0.1 % to 1 %

[0023] Mais explicações emergem das reivindicações secundárias.[0023] Further explanation emerges from the secondary claims.

Claims (13)

REIVINDICAÇÕES 1. Massa refratária não conformada, caracterizada pelo fato de que compreende um ou mais dos seguintes componentes principais ou suas combinações - até 99,5% em peso (carreador Al2O3 de diferentes tipos e granulações, por exemplo, corindo fundido, alumina tabular, andalusita, chamotte, bauxita, mulita, várias matérias-primas secundárias, SiC, MgO, quartzo, SiO2, olivina e - até 5% em peso de um liquefator - até 15% em peso de um acelerador de pega - até 15% em peso de um retardador de pega - até 1% em peso de um SiO2 em pó amorfo micronizado.1. Non-conforming refractory mass, characterized in that it comprises one or more of the following main components or their combinations - up to 99.5% by weight (Al2O3 carrier of different types and granulations, for example, molten corundum, tabular alumina, andalusite , chamotte, bauxite, mullite, various secondary raw materials, SiC, MgO, quartz, SiO2, olivine and - up to 5% by weight of a liquefier - up to 15% by weight of a setting accelerator - up to 15% by weight of a set retarder - up to 1% by weight of a micronized amorphous SiO2 powder. 2. Massa refratária de acordo com a reivindicação 1, que compreende um sistema de ligação que se forma quando água é adicionada, caracterizada pelo fato de que contém um ligante SiO2 amorfo micronizado seco como o único ligante, que é misturado em uma proporção ≤ 1% em peso da massa total com os componentes sólidos a serem ligados e que, após a adição de 1-30 % em peso de água forma o sistema de ligação.2. Refractory mass according to claim 1, which comprises a binding system that forms when water is added, characterized in that it contains a dry micronized amorphous SiO2 binder as the only binder, which is mixed in a proportion ≤ 1 % by weight of the total mass with the solid components to be bound and which, after the addition of 1-30 % by weight of water, forms the binding system. 3. Massa refratária de acordo com a reivindicação 1 ou 2, caracterizada pelo fato de que o SiO2 micronizado é obtido como precipitado amorfo através de uma reação de precipitação, uma pureza >90, >95, >98 ou > 99% em peso (em estado seco), um tamanho de grão médio na faixa dos micrômetros (10-50 µm) e/ou uma superfície específica de cerca de 100-300 m2/g.3. Refractory mass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the micronized SiO2 is obtained as an amorphous precipitate through a precipitation reaction, a purity >90, >95, >98 or >99% by weight ( in the dry state), an average grain size in the micrometer range (10-50 µm) and/or a specific surface of about 100-300 m2/g. 4. Massa refratária de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 3, caracterizada pelo fato de que forma um gel de sílica com unidades (H2SiO5)x, que são mantidas juntas por ligações de Van-der-Waals e ligações em ponte de hidrogênio e, entre as quais, podem estar incluídas partículas de outras composições químicas e diferentes tamanhos de grãos.4. Refractory mass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it forms a silica gel with (H2SiO5)x units, which are held together by Van-der-Waals bonds and hydrogen bonds and, among which, particles of other chemical compositions and different grain sizes may be included. 5. Ligante para uma massa refratária, em particular como definida em qualquer uma das reivindicações 1 a 4, caracterizado pelo fato de que ele contém SiO2 e o SiO2 é um pó seco e ligante único.5. Binder for a refractory mass, in particular as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it contains SiO2 and SiO2 is a dry powder and unique binder. 6. Ligante de acordo com a reivindicação 5, caracterizado pelo fato de que o SiO2 é formado com uma pureza de >90, >95, >98 ou > 99 % em peso (em estado seco) e/ou com um tamanho médio do grão na faixa dos micrômetros (1-50 µm) e/ou com uma superfície específica de cerca de 50-350 m2/g.6. Binder according to claim 5, characterized in that the SiO2 is formed with a purity of >90, >95, >98 or >99% by weight (dry state) and/or with an average size of the grain in the micrometer range (1-50 µm) and/or with a specific surface of about 50-350 m2/g. 7. Processo para produção de massas refratárias, caracterizado pelo fato de que é adicionado um ligante SiO2, como definido na reivindicação 5 ou 6, como único ligante para formação de ligantes em uma composição para uma massa refratária, em que SiO2 é adicionado como pó seco.7. Process for the production of refractory masses, characterized by the fact that a SiO2 binder is added, as defined in claim 5 or 6, as the only binder for the formation of binders in a composition for a refractory mass, in which SiO2 is added as a powder dry. 8. Processo de acordo com a reivindicação 7, caracterizado pelo fato de que o óxido de silício em pó amorfo micronizado é disperso em água para formação de um sistema ligante para materiais refratários.8. Process according to claim 7, characterized in that the silicon oxide in micronized amorphous powder is dispersed in water to form a binding system for refractory materials. 9. Processo de acordo com a reivindicação 7 ou 8, caracterizado pelo fato de que o SiO2 utilizado para a formação do ligante é obtido como precipitado amorfo por meio de uma reação de precipitação, uma pureza > 90, > 95, > 98 ou > 99% em peso (no estado seco), um tamanho médio de grão na faixa de micrômetros (1-50 µm) e/ou possui uma superfície específica de aproximadamente 50-350 m2/g.9. Process according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the SiO2 used for the formation of the ligand is obtained as an amorphous precipitate by means of a precipitation reaction, a purity > 90, > 95, > 98 or > 99% by weight (dry state), an average grain size in the micrometer range (1-50 µm) and/or has a specific surface area of approximately 50-350 m2/g. 10. Processo de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 7 a9, caracterizado pelo fato de que é formado um gel de sílica com unidades (H2SiO5)x, que são mantidas unidas por ligações de Van-der-Waals e ligações em ponte de hidrogênio e entre as quais podem ser incluídas partículas de outra composição química e diferentes tamanhos de grãos.10. Process according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a silica gel is formed with (H2SiO5)x units, which are held together by Van-der-Waals bonds and hydrogen bonds and among which particles of different chemical composition and different grain sizes may be included. 11. Processo, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações 7 a 10, caracterizado pelo fato de que após a secagem do gel, permanece uma estrutura de SiO2 que continua a envolver os grãos introduzidos.11. Process according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that after drying the gel, a SiO2 structure remains that continues to surround the introduced grains. 12. Processo para a produção de um sistema de ligação de SiO2, caracterizado pelo fato de que através do uso de um agente de ligação de SiO2 amorfo, micronizado, seco que mistura, em uma proporção ≤ 1 % em peso, a massa total com os componentes sólidos a serem ligados e, após a adição de aproximadamente 1-30% em peso de água, para a formação da ligação, é utilizado como o único agente de ligação.12. Process for the production of a SiO2 binding system, characterized by the fact that through the use of an amorphous, micronized, dry SiO2 binding agent that mixes, in a proportion ≤ 1 % by weight, the total mass with solid components to be bonded and, after adding approximately 1-30% by weight of water, for bonding, it is used as the sole bonding agent. 13. Uso de ≤ 1% em peso, de um dióxido de silício amorfo, micronizado, em pó, caracterizado pelo fato de que está como definido na reivindicação 5 como único agente de ligação na produção de uma massa refratária para a formação de ligantes em materiais não conformados.13. Use of ≤ 1% by weight of an amorphous, micronized, powdered silicon dioxide, characterized in that it is as defined in claim 5 as the sole binding agent in the production of a refractory mass for the formation of ligands in non-conforming materials.
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US4093470A (en) 1976-10-20 1978-06-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Alumina refractories
DE3002763A1 (en) * 1980-01-26 1981-07-30 Dörentruper Sand-und Thonwerke GmbH, 4926 Dörentrup Refractory mass based on dry quartz or silica grains - plus binder which decomposes when heated to form only silica
JPH054874A (en) 1990-03-26 1993-01-14 Norton Co Fire resisting mortar composition
US5494267A (en) * 1994-07-26 1996-02-27 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Pumpable casting composition and method of use
EP0842910A3 (en) 1996-11-14 1998-12-16 Bayerisches Zentrum für Angewandte Energieforschung e.V. ZAE Bayern Binder based on waterglass solution, process for its preparation and its utilisation
US6268018B1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2001-07-31 Harbison-Walker Refractories Company Method of applying a non-slumping pumpable castable high purity silica composition
US8505335B2 (en) * 2007-06-19 2013-08-13 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Refractoy composition for glass melting furnaces
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