BR112019000179B1 - NUTRITIONAL FORMULA, KIT AND ITS USES - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a nutritional formula comprising whey protein concentrate enriched alpha-lactalbumin; fortified milk protein beta-casein; moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; osteopontin; lactoferrin; oleic triglyceride of oleic acid-palmitic acid-acid, wherein the palmitic acid is at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced to lactose; lutein; docosahexaenoic acid; arachidonic acid; galactooligosaccharide; and polydextrose. The nutritional formulas provided may be useful in providing nutrition and/or promoting postnatal development of a subject (e.g., promoting postnatal development of an infant's gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development , etc.). Also provided are powder forms, reconstituted formulas, kits, methods and uses that include or involve a nutritional formula described herein.

Description

RELATED ORDERS

[001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C.) 119(e) for provisional patent application 62/359,033, filed July 6, 2016, which is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[002] The focal point of infant nutrition is the development of the gastrointestinal tract and its response to infant feeding. Tolerance of infant formula, along with postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development, intestinal epithelium interactions, and maintenance of microflora during digestion, provide for healthy infant development. This nutritional formula provides one or more of these benefits.

[003] Specifically, without wanting to be bound by any particular theory, moderately hydrolyzed skim milk solids and demineralized whey aid the ease of digestion and full absorption of milk proteins. Beta-casein improves digestibility, improves tolerance (comfort), reduces food intolerances and sensitivity intolerance. Oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride, where palmitic acid is in the SN-2 position of the triglyceride glycerol backbone ("OPO SN-2 oil"), improves the efficiency of fatty acid absorption, improves the digestibility, reduces the loss of calcium through the child's stool, reduces the incidence of constipation and improves calcium absorption. Lactoferrin helps support a child's immune system, intestinal development and iron absorption. The combination of lutein and docosahexaenoic acid can promote retinal health and vision development. Docosahexaenoic acid is susceptible to oxidative damage and degradation, while lutein is an antioxidant. Lutein can reduce the oxidative degradation of concentrated docosahexaenoic acid in the retina, and thus further promote retinal health and vision development. Docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid improve tolerance and acceptance of the nutritional formula. It is believed that prebiotics modulate the intestinal flora, affect various gastrointestinal activities and influence inflammatory processes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[004] A nutritional formula of the present invention provides the subject (eg, infant) with nutrients similar to those provided by human breast milk, while maintaining and promoting healthy gastrointestinal function in the subject (eg, infant). Specifically, the addition of alpha-lactalbumin is thought to facilitate the absorption of essential minerals, and alpha-lactalbumin provides a well-balanced supply of essential amino acids to the individual (eg, a developing child). The addition of osteopontin reduces the total protein content of infant formula to reduce the later risk of developing obesity in the formula-fed individual. Osteopontin is known to reduce infection, may improve energy absorption and is suggested to play a role in regulating immunity, whereby osteopontin in infant formulas could provide immune protection similar to that in human breast milk.

[005] A nutritional formulation of the present invention provides nutrition to individuals in need thereof (eg, infants) similar to the nutrition provided by human breast milk. The present invention provides a nutritional formula comprising proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, lutein, polyunsaturated fatty acids and prebiotics. The invention provides powdered forms of the nutritional formula, reconstituted formulas, methods of administering the nutritional formula, and kits useful for administering the nutritional formula to an individual. The present invention also provides methods for preparing the nutritional formula. The nutritional formulas described herein are useful in providing nutrition and/or promoting postnatal development of an individual (e.g., promoting postnatal development of an infant's gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development, etc. .) comprising feeding the individual with the nutritional formulas described herein.

[006] In one aspect, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: protein, lipid, carbohydrate, lutein, polyunsaturated fatty acids and prebiotics. The invention provides powdered forms of the nutritional formula, reconstituted formulas, methods of administering the nutritional formula, and kits useful for administering the nutritional formula to a subject, as defined herein. Specifically, the nutritional formula of the present invention includes ingredients to provide nutrition, including, but not limited to, whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; milk protein enriched with beta-casein; moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; lactoferrin; oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, wherein the palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the triglyceride glycerol backbone; lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; lutein; docosahexaenoic acid; arachidonic acid; and prebiotics selected among galacto-oligosaccharides, polydextrose, inulin, human milk oligosaccharides and their combinations. The nutritional formula of the present invention may also include vitamins, minerals, nucleotides, biotin, choline, inositol, taurine, L-carnitine or combinations thereof. A nutritional formula with improved tolerance is needed that provides nutrition and postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, and healthy immune system development for an individual (eg, an infant).

[007] In one aspect, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: protein, lipid, carbohydrate, lutein, polyunsaturated fatty acids and prebiotics. The invention provides powdered forms of the nutritional formula, reconstituted formulas, methods of administering the nutritional formula, and kits useful for administering the nutritional formula to a subject, as defined herein. Specifically, the nutritional formula of the present invention includes ingredients to provide nutrition including, but not limited to, whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; skim powdered milk; osteopontin; lactoferrin; oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride, wherein the palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; lutein; docosahexaenoic acid; arachidonic acid; and prebiotics selected among galacto-oligosaccharides, polydextrose, inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides and oligosaccharides from human milk and their combinations. The nutritional formula of the present invention can also include vitamins, minerals, nucleotides, biotin, choline, inositol, taurine, L-carnitine or combinations thereof. A nutritional formula with improved tolerance is needed that provides nutrition and postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, and healthy immune system development for an individual (eg, an infant).

[008] Exemplary nutritional formulas include, but are not limited to, a nutritional formula comprising a whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin; skim powdered milk; osteopontin; lactoferrin; oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride, wherein the palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; lutein; docosahexaenoic acid; arachidonic acid; galactooligosaccharides; and polydextrose and its powdered forms and reconstituted formulas.

[009] In another aspect, reconstituted formulas are described herein that include a powdered form of the nutritional formula described herein, reconstituted with water to form a ready-to-drink liquid. Reconstituted formulas may be useful in providing nutrition and/or promoting an individual's postnatal development (eg, promoting the development of an infant's gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development, etc.).

[0010] In another aspect, described herein are methods of providing nutrition (e.g., food) to an individual (e.g., an infant) comprising administering the nutritional formula described herein to the individual. In another aspect, described herein are methods of providing nutrition (e.g., food) to an individual (e.g., an infant) comprising reconstituting a powdered form of the nutritional formula described herein with water to form a ready-to-use liquid. and feeding the reconstituted formula to the subject. In another aspect, there are described herein uses of the nutritional formula described herein to provide nutrition, as well as postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions, promotion of nutrient absorption, development of the immune system, and combinations thereof.

[0011] In certain embodiments, the subject being fed a nutritional formula described herein is a human (e.g., a child under two years of age or a newborn). In certain embodiments, the subject to be fed a nutritional formula described herein is a non-human animal.

[0012] In yet another aspect, kits are described herein that include a container with a nutritional formula described herein. A kit described herein can include a single serving or multiple servings (e.g., one or more packets of powdered nutritional formula described herein) of nutritional formula or reconstituted formula. The described kits may be useful for providing nutrition and/or promoting postnatal development of an individual (e.g., promoting postnatal development of an infant's gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development, etc.) . In certain embodiments, a kit described herein further includes instructions for using the kit. In still another aspect, devices (e.g., bottles) for feeding a nutritional formula or reconstituted formula are described herein.

[0013] This application refers to various issued patents, published patent applications, journal articles and other publications, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Details of one or more embodiments of the invention are described herein. Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the Detailed Description, the Examples and the Claims.

Definitions

[0014] The definitions of specific nutritional expressions and chemical expressions are described in more detail below.

[0015] The term "nutritional formula", as used herein, refers to a nutritional composition that is designed to deliver sufficient fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, prebiotics and other nutrients to an individual. Nutritional formula can be the only source of nutrition when provided in sufficient quantity. The nutritional formula is suitable for consumption by an individual in need thereof as described herein, including, but not limited to, children.

[0016] The term "formula" encompasses any form of the nutritional formula described herein, including but not limited to powder and liquid formulas. Additionally, the powder can be reconstituted from a dehydrated powder form to produce a liquid form suitable for administering the formula to an individual, including an infant.

[0017] The term "ready-to-use" used herein refers to a liquid formula suitable for administration to an individual, including reconstituted powders, diluted formulas of a concentrated nutritional formula, and manufactured liquids.

[0018] As used herein, concentrations expressed in micrograms per liter ("mcg/L"), milligrams per liter ("mg/L") and grams per liter ("g/L") refer to concentrations of ingredients in the nutritional formulation of the present invention calculated on a reconstituted, ready-to-use or ready-to-drink basis, unless otherwise noted.

[0019] The expression "about X", or "approximately X", where X is a number or percentage, refers to a number or percentage between 99.5% and 100.5%, between 99% and 101 %, between 98% and 102%. between 97% and 103%, between 96% and 104%, between 95% and 105%, between 92% and 108%, or between 90% and 110%, inclusive, of X.

[0020] As used herein, an "individual" is a mammal. In certain embodiments, the mammal is an animal. In certain embodiments, the animal is a human. In certain embodiments, the human is an adult, adolescent, child, infant, or newborn of either sex. A "child" or "newborn" refers to a human being who is no more than two years old. The term "child" also includes an infant from about 0 to about 4 months of age, from about 4 to about 8 months of age, from about 8 to about 12 months of age, from about 12 to about 16 months of age, about 16 to about 18 months of age, and from about 18 to about 24 months of age, and preterm infants of less than about 37 weeks of gestational age. A "newborn" is an infant that is no more than 4 weeks old and includes an infant 0-1 week old, 1-2 week old, 2-3 week old, and about 3 weeks old. at about 4 weeks old. In certain embodiments, the animal is non-human. In certain embodiments, the non-human animal is a cow, sheep, buffalo, goat, camel, donkey, horse or any other non-human animal that produces milk.

[0021] A "protein", "peptide" or "polypeptide" comprises a polymer of amino acid residues linked together by peptide bonds. The expression refers to proteins, polypeptides and peptides of any size, structure or function. Typically, a protein will be at least three amino acids long.

[0022] "Whey Protein Concentrate" is a concentrated form of whey protein. Whey protein concentrate expression encompasses whey protein of any size, structure or function and from any source or composition. In nutrition, whey protein concentrate can be used to increase dietary protein intake. In general, whey protein concentrate contains between about 20% and about 90% protein by weight.

[0023] "Demineralized whey" or "reduced mineral whey" refers, with reference to a purification process, to whey protein in which minerals and salts (organic and inorganic) are removed. In some embodiments, between 25-90% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed. In some embodiments, up to 25% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed. In some embodiments, up to 50% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed. In some embodiments, up to 60% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed. In some embodiments, up to 75% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed. In some embodiments, up to 80% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed. In some embodiments, up to 90% of the minerals in the demineralized whey protein are removed.

[0024] The expression "moderately hydrolyzed milk protein" refers to a milk protein hydrolyzate with a low level of hydrolysis. In some embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 2.0% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, the moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 1.75% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 1.5% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, the moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 1.25% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 1.0% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, the moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 0.75% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, the moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 0.5% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, the moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 0.25% hydrolyzed. In some embodiments, the moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is a milk protein hydrolyzate that is up to 0.1% hydrolyzed.

[0025] The term "skimmed milk powder" refers to a product resulting from the removal of fat and water from pasteurized milk. The expression skimmed milk powder also encompasses "skimmed milk powder". In skimmed milk powder, the fat content or protein content, or both, in the milk can be altered by removing or adding milk constituents. Milk retentate, milk permeate and lactose can be used to adjust the protein content of skimmed milk powder. Skimmed milk powder retains the original ratio of whey protein and casein present in milk. The production of skimmed milk powder often involves, but is not limited to, evaporating the moisture from the milk to a dry powder with a low moisture content. The milk used to produce the skimmed milk powder as described herein can be obtained from any source. As described herein, skimmed milk powder can be obtained from any source.

[0026] "Osteopontin" is an extracellular structural protein expressed in bone and other tissues and body fluids. The term osteopontin also encompasses "OPN", "bone sialoprotein I", "BSPI", "BNSP", "early activation of T lymphocytes", "ETA-1", "secreted phosphoprotein 1" and "SPP1". . As described herein, osteopontin can be obtained from any source. Osteopontin influences the development and maintenance of the immune response by affecting the function of immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells and T-cells. Osteopontin can improve host resistance to infection and increase bacterial phagocytosis. Human breast milk contains significantly more osteopontin than bovine milk or traditional infant formula. In nutrition, the osteopontin content in infant formula may facilitate the development of the immune system in a human (eg, an infant less than about two years of age or a newborn).

[0027] "Alpha-lactalbumin" "α-lactalbumin" is the major protein in human breast milk, constituting between about 20% and about 25% of the total protein content. The alpha-lactalbumin protein binds to divalent cations, such as Ca2+ and Zn2+, in addition to aiding in the absorption of essential minerals from the diet. After digestion within the gastrointestinal tract, alpha-lactalbumin-derived peptides may exhibit antibacterial and immune-stimulating properties to protect the individual against infection. As described herein, alpha-lactalbumin can be obtained from any source.

[0028] The term "enriched" refers to a protein fraction that has a high amount of a specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 30% of the specified enriched protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 40% of the specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 50% of the specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 60% of the specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 65% of the specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 70% of the specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 80% of the specified protein. In some embodiments, the protein fraction enriched with a specified protein is at least 90% of the specified protein. "Whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin" or "whey protein concentrate enhanced with alpha-lactalbumin" refers to a whey protein concentrate fraction enriched with alpha-lactalbumin.

[0029] "Beta-casein" or "V-casein" is a common phosphoprotein in mammalian milk. The casein content provided by the nutritional formula described here contains milk protein fractions enriched with beta-casein, which approximates the total casein of human breast milk. Beta-casein improves the digestibility and tolerance of the nutritional formula. After digestion, the peptides provided by partially hydrolyzed beta-casein aid in the utilization of macronutrients and micronutrients, as well as providing protection against pathogenic bacteria found in the intestine. As described herein, beta-casein can be obtained from any source. "Beta-casein-enriched milk protein" refers to a fraction of milk protein that is fortified with beta-casein.

[0030] "Lactoferrin" is a protein produced during the later stages of pregnancy and is found in breast milk colostrum and mature breast milk. Lactoferrin is classified as a glycoprotein, in which normally from about 1 to about 4 glycans are attached in amino acid side chains along the protein. Lactoferrin aids in intestinal development and iron absorption, as well as providing support to the immune system. As described herein, lactoferrin can be obtained from any source.

[0031] A "fat", "triglyceride", "lipid" or "oil" consists of three fatty acid chains linked to a glycerol molecule via an ester linkage. The expression fat refers to all fat, triglyceride and oil molecules of any size, structure or function. Typically, a fat is a hydrophobic molecule that is insoluble in water. An oil usually has a chain of unsaturated fatty acids. Fats can include fatty acid chains that are either saturated or unsaturated. A saturated fat does not contain double bonds between the carbon atoms in the chain. An unsaturated fat contains one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms in the chain, and the double bond or bonds can be in the cis or trans configuration. Fats that contain one or more trans double bonds are called trans fats. Fats that contain one or more cis double bonds are called cis fats. Furthermore, a monounsaturated fatty acid contains at least one double bond between the carbons in the aliphatic chain. A polyunsaturated fat that contains at least one aliphatic chain with at least two or more double bonds between the carbons in the chain. Sources of fat and oils, including saturated, unsaturated and polyunsaturated fat, include but are not limited to canola, sunflower, sesame, peanut, walnut, chia, palm, coconut, avocado, olive oil, safflower, seaweed, sardines, soy , tuna, salmon and whole wheat.

[0032] The expression "unsaturated bond" refers to a double or triple bond.

[0033] The expression "saturated" refers to a moiety that does not contain a double or triple bond, that is, the moiety contains only single bonds.

[0034] A "fatty acid" is an aliphatic carbon chain attached to a carboxylic acid. The expression fatty acid refers to fatty acids of any size, structure or function. The aliphatic carbon chain can be unsaturated or saturated. In some embodiments, the fatty acid is not attached to a glycerol backbone. A saturated fatty acid does not contain double bonds between carbons in the chain. An unsaturated fatty acid contains one or more double bonds between the carbons in the chain, and the double bond or bonds can be cis or trans. A monounsaturated fatty acid contains at least one double bond between the carbons in the aliphatic chain. A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains at least two or more double bonds between the carbons in the aliphatic chain. Fatty acids are generally straight chain carbons and not branched carbon chains, where the number of carbon atoms present in the aliphatic chain is between 4 to about 28 carbon atoms. Fatty acid chains differ in length, where short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are fatty acids with aliphatic chains of less than about 6 carbon atoms, where medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are fatty acids. fatty acids having aliphatic chains of about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, where long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) are fatty acids having aliphatic chains of about 13 to about 21 carbon atoms, and where fatty acids of very long chain (VLCFA) are fatty acids with aliphatic chains of about 22 or more carbon atoms.

[0035] The term "aliphatic" refers to alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and carbocyclic groups.

[0036] The expression "alkyl" refers to a radical of a straight or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms ("C1-10 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 9 carbon atoms ("C 1-9 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 8 carbon atoms ("C1-8 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 7 carbon atoms ("C 1-7 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 6 carbon atoms ("C 1-6 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 5 carbon atoms ("C1-5 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms ("C 1-4 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms ("C1-3 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 to 2 carbon atoms ("C 1-2 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 1 carbon atom ("C1 alkyl"). In some embodiments, an alkyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms ("C2-6 alkyl"). Examples of C1-6 alkyl groups include methyl (C1), ethyl (C2), n-propyl (C3), isopropyl (C3), n-butyl (C4), tert-butyl (C4), sec-butyl ( C4), iso-butyl (C4), n-pentyl (C5), 3-pentanyl (C5), amyl (C5), ne-pentyl (C5), 3-methyl-2-butanyl (C5), tertiary amyl ( C5) and n-hexyl (C6) Additional examples of alkyl groups include n-heptyl (C7), n-octyl (C8) and the like. Unless otherwise noted, each example of an alkyl group is independently unsubstituted (an "unsubstituted alkyl") or substituted (a "substituted alkyl") by one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the alkyl group is an unsubstituted C1-10 alkyl group (e.g., -CH3). In certain embodiments, the alkyl group is a substituted C1-10 alkyl group.

[0037] The expression "alkenyl" refers to a radical of a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon group having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and one or more carbon-carbon double bonds (for example, 1, 2, 3 or 4 double bonds). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms ("C2-9 alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 8 carbon atoms ("C2-N alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 7 carbon atoms ("C2-7 alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms ("C 2-6 alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 5 carbon atoms ("C2-5 alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms ("C2-4 alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms ("C2-3 alkenyl"). In some embodiments, an alkenyl group has 2 carbon atoms ("C29 alkenyl"). The one or more carbon-carbon double bonds can be internal (as in 2-butenyl) or terminal (as in 1-butenyl). Examples of C2-4 alkenyl groups include ethenyl (C2), 1-propenyl (C%), 2-propenyl (C3), 1-butenyl (C4), 2-butenyl (C4), butadienyl (C4) and the like. Examples of C2-6 alkenyl groups include the aforementioned C2-4 alkenyl groups, as well as pentenyl (C5), pentadienyl (C5), hexenyl (C6) and the like. Additional examples of alkenyl include heptenyl (C7), octenyl (C8), octatrienyl (C8) and the like. Unless otherwise noted, each example of an alkenyl group is independently unsubstituted (an "unsubstituted alkenyl") or substituted (a "substituted alkenyl") with one or more substituents. In certain embodiments, the alkenyl group is an unsubstituted C2-10 alkenyl. In certain embodiments, the alkenyl group is a substituted C2-10 alkenyl. In an alkenyl group, a C=C double bond for which the stereochemistry is not specified (for example, CH=CHCH3 or it can be an (E)- or (Z)- double bond.

[0038] Unsaturated fatty acids can be classified according to the location of the double bond in the aliphatic carbon chain. Double bond placement is described by the number of the first carbon in the double bond, counting from the methyl end (-CH3) of the aliphatic chain according to the formula below: An "omega-3 fatty acid", "Z-3 fatty acid" or "n-3 fatty acid" contains a double bond at carbon 3. An "omega-6 fatty acid", "Z-6 fatty acid" or "n-6" fatty acid contains a double bond at carbon 6. An "omega-9 fatty acid", "Z-9 fatty acid" or "n-9 fatty acid" contains a double bond at carbon 9. An "n-6 fatty acid" contains a double bond at carbon 9. omega-12", "Z-12 fatty acid" or "n-12 fatty acid" contains a double bond at carbon 12

[0039] "Oleic acid" or "C18:1" is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in a variety of animal and vegetable oils. The term oleic acid as described herein encompasses fatty acids under the IUPAC nomenclature as "(9E)-octadec-9-enoic acid". Oleic acid includes salts or esters of oleic acid, and is from any source. Oleic acid is further classified as a cis monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid with one double bond at carbon 9 and a total of 18 carbons in the aliphatic chain (18:1 cis-9).

[0040] "Palmitic acid" or "C16:0" is the most common fatty acid found in animals, plants, and microorganisms such as algae and fungi. The term palmitic acid as described herein encompasses all fatty acids under the IUPAC nomenclature as "hexadecanoic acid". Palmitic acid includes salts or esters of palmitic acid and is from any source. Palmitic acid is further classified as a saturated fatty acid and consists of an aliphatic chain of 16 carbon atoms (16:0).

[0041] "OPO SN-2 oil", "OPO" or "oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride" refers to an oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride, in which palmitic acid is in the position SN-2 of triglyceride glycerol backbone structure. In some embodiments, the triglyceride of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid OR2 has formula (I): wherein R1 is oleic acid (C18:1), and R2 is palmitic acid (C16:0). In some embodiments, the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride is the second position in the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride. OPO SN-2 oil may refer to the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride of Formula (I). Optionally, the fatty acid side chain can also be attached to the first position (SN-1) of the glycerol backbone. Optionally, the fatty acid side chain can be attached to the third position (SN-3) of the glycerol backbone. Optionally, about 50% to about 100% of the triglycerides in OPO SN-2 oil are SN-2 triglycerides.

[0042] "Microencapsulation", "microencapsulation" or "microcapsule" refers to any substance, particle or droplet surrounded by a coating of any material to form small capsules or the process for producing such capsules. Optionally, the coating material can include a carbohydrate (eg, ethyl cellulose or sodium alginate), alcohol (eg, polyvinyl alcohol), protein (eg, sodium alginate), or combinations thereof. The term microencapsulated may refer to any food ingredient, enzyme, cell or other material that may be incorporated into the relevant composition, mixture, ingredient or product. Microencapsulation can be used to enclose any solid, liquid or gaseous substance. Optionally, the microcapsule can be used to contain any substance permanently or temporarily. The term microencapsulation encompasses all physical, chemical and physicochemical techniques used in the process of generating microcapsules, including pan coating, air suspension coating, centrifugal extrusion, vibrational nozzle, spray drying, ionotropic gelling, coacervation-phase separation, interfacial polycondensation, interfacial crosslinking, in-situ polymerization, matrix polymerization, or the combination of techniques described herein.

[0043] "Docosahexaenoic acid" or "DHA" is an omega-3 fatty acid comprising a chain of 22 carbon atoms and 6 cis double bonds. The terms docosahexaenoic acid and DHA also include "cervonic acid", "all-cis -docosa-4,7,10,13, 16,19-hexaenoic acid", "22:6(n-3)" and any fatty acid that can be classified under the IUPAC nomenclature as "(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z, 16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid" and "doconnexent". The terms docosahexaenoic acid and DHA can refer to any docosahexaenoic acid of any size, structure or function. The docosahexaenoic acid defined herein can be from any source including milk and/or oil or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the milk is breast milk, human milk and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the oil is fish oil, algal oil, microalgae oil and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, docosahexaenoic acid is obtained from Crypthecodinium cohnii oil. In certain embodiments, docosahexaenoic acid is obtained from fish oil. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is microencapsulated.

[0044] "Arachidonic acid" or "ARA" is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid comprising an aliphatic chain of 20 carbons and 4 cis double bonds. The terms arachidonic acid and ARA also encompass "(5Z, 8Z,11Z,14Z)-lcosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid", "5,8,11,14-all-cis 5-eicosatetraenoic acid ", all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid", "arachidonate" and any fatty acid that can be classified under the IUPAC nomenclature as "(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z) - 5, 8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic". The arachidonic acid defined herein can be from any source, including milk and/or oil or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the milk is breast milk, human milk and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the oil is fish oil, algal oil, microalgae oil, and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the arachidonic acid is obtained from Mortierella alpina oil. In certain embodiments, the arachidonic acid is microencapsulated.

[0045] A "carbohydrate", "saccharide", "sugar" or "starch" is a molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The expression carbohydrate refers to all carbohydrate, saccharide, sugar or starch molecules of any size, structure or function. A carbohydrate can be a monosaccharide or a single sugar molecule. Two or more monosaccharides can be joined by one or more glycosidic linkages to produce higher-order carbohydrates. A disaccharide is a carbohydrate made up of two monosaccharides, an oligosaccharide is made up of about 3 to about 10 monosaccharides, and a polysaccharide is made up of about 10 or more monosaccharides. In certain embodiments, the carbohydrate is lactose, maltodextrin, corn syrup, corn syrup solids and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the carbohydrate is lactose, maltodextrin, or any combination thereof.

[0046] "Lactose" is a disaccharide carbohydrate. Lactose contains a galactose moiety and a glucose moiety linked by a glycosidic bond. The term lactose refers to any lactose of any size, structure or function. The term lactose also encompasses "milk sugar", "4- O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose" and any carbohydrate classified under the IUPAC nomenclature as "β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 ] 4)- D-glucose".

[0047] "Maltodextrin" is a polysaccharide comprising D-glucose units linked in chains of any length. Optionally, the maltodextrin chain is between about 2 and about 17 glucose units long and can exist as a mixture of chain lengths between about 2 and about 17 glucose units long. The term maltodextrin encompasses any maltodextrin of any size, structure or function and from any source.

[0048] An "antioxidant" is a molecule that can prevent the oxidation of another molecule. The term antioxidant refers to all antioxidants of any size, structure or function. An antioxidant works to prevent chain reactions produced by free radicals or any atom, ion or molecule with an unpaired electron, which arise through a variety of natural, biological and metabolic oxidation reactions. Antioxidants can be sulfur-containing compounds such as glutathione, an enzyme, or a dietary antioxidant. Typical food antioxidants might include vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, lutein, and others.

[0049] "Lutein" is a xanthophyll, a division of the carotenoid group, with a yellow pigment. The term lutein also encompasses "lutein", "trans -lutein", "(1R)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E, 15E,17E)-18-[(1R, 4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17- nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-l-ol" and any xanthophyll or carotenoid that can be classified in the IUPAC nomenclature as "β,ε-carotene-3,3'-diol". The term lutein encompasses any maltodextrin of any size, structure or function and from any source.

[0050] "Prebiotic" or "prebiotics" refers to a compound that can induce the growth and beneficial activity of host microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi or others. A prebiotic refers to all prebiotics of any size, structure or function. A prebiotic can be of plant or animal origin. A prebiotic can be from human milk. In nutrition, a prebiotic is generally a compound comprising dietary fiber, wherein the dietary fiber contains a soluble portion and an insoluble portion, and the fiber aids in digestion. A prebiotic commonly alters and affects the microorganisms that live in the host's gastrointestinal tract, and often influences microorganisms or the microflora in the gut and elsewhere in the body. Prebiotics suitable for nutritional formulas include, but are not limited to, galacto-oligosaccharides, inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, polydextrose and human milk oligosaccharides including sialy-lacto-N-tetraose, lactodifucotetraose, 3'-sialylactose, 6'-sialylactose , 3'-fucosylactose, lacto-N-(neo)tetraose, lacto-N-fucopentaose and 2'-fucosylactose. Preferably, the nutritional composition contains galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose or any combination thereof. Optionally, the nutritional formula includes galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose and one or more additional prebiotics.

[0051] A "vitamin" or "nutrient" is an organic or inorganic compound that is required by an organism. The term vitamin refers to a vitamin or nutrient of any size, structure or function. The expression vitamin can also refer to a vitamin within a complex or coenzyme. Vitamins are any compound required by an organism that the organism cannot synthesize by itself and must be obtained from the organism's diet. Vitamins required by humans may include but are not limited to Vitamin A, Vitamin Bi, Vitamin B-, Vitamin B3, Vitamin Bs, Vitamin Be, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, Vitamin Bi-, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E , vitamin Ki, folic acid, inositol, biotin, niacin and chemical nomenclature derivatives or variants of these named vitamins.

[0052] A "dietary mineral", "mineral", "waste mineral", "dietary element" or "mineral nutrient" is any chemical element required by living organisms. The term mineral or dietary mineral refers to a dietary mineral, dietary element or mineral nutrient of any size, structure or function. A dietary mineral does not include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen due to their presence in common organic molecules. Important dietary minerals for humans include, but are not limited to, sulfur, potassium, chlorine, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, iodine, selenium, molybdenum, cobalt, and bromine.

[0053] A "nucleotide" is an organic molecule that serves as the basic subunit of nucleic acids such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The term nucleotide refers to a nucleotide of any size, structure, or function. Nucleotides typically consist of a nitrogenous base (nucleobase), a sugar unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and at least one phosphate group. Nucleotides serve as energy storage molecules in the cell, commonly in the form of nucleotide triphosphates, and are vital for metabolism. The primary nucleobases are cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine, and uracil. When a nucleobase is connected to a sugar and at least one phosphate group, the nucleotide base is formed. Common nucleotides include cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP), uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP), guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP), and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), and their salts, among others.

[0054] "Lecithin" is a term used to define any fatty acid or substance that occurs naturally in plant or animal tissue. Lecithin is a yellowish-brown amphiphilic substance. In certain embodiments, lecithin can be used to smooth food textures, dissolve powders, homogenize liquid mixtures, repel sticky materials, as an emulsifier, or any combination thereof. The expression lecithin can also refer to any phospholipid or glycerophospholipid. The term lecithin encompasses any lecithin of any size, structure or function and from any source. In certain embodiments, the source of lecithin is soybeans, soybeans, eggs, milk, marine sources, rapeseed, cottonseed, sunflower and any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the source of lecithin is soy lecithin.

[0055] "L-Choline Bitartrate" is a water-soluble nutrient. L-Choline Bitartrate is a salt or monoester of choline and tartaric acid. L-choline bitartrate encompasses any salt that contains the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation and the anion derived from complementary tartaric acid. In certain embodiments, the choline bitartrate is a mixture of D/L-choline bitartrate. L-Choline Bitartrate contains only the L-enantiomer of Choline Bitartrate. In certain embodiments, the L-choline bitartrate is conditioned. In certain embodiments, the L-choline bitartrate is conditioned or coated with silica.

[0056] "L-carnitine" is an amino acid derivative. L-carnitine is involved in lipid and fat metabolism in mammals and other eukaryotes. The term L-carnitine encompasses any carnitine that can be classified under the IUPAC nomenclature as "3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylazanyl)butanoate". L-carnitine can be from any food source, vegetable or animal. In certain embodiments, the L-carnitine is from a plant source. In certain embodiments, the L-carnitine is from an animal source. L-carnitine comprises only the biologically active L-enantiomer of carnitine.

[0057] "Beta-carotene" is a carotene, a class of terpenoids or isoprenoids. Beta carotene is an organic pigment that has an orange or red color and is abundant in many plants and fruits. Generally, beta-carotene has about 40 carbons. The term beta-carotene also encompasses "beta-carotene", "β-carotene", "Food Orange 5", "Provitamin A", "1,1'-(3,7,12, 16-tetramethyl-1, 3,5 ,7,9,11,13,15,17-octadecanoneene-1,18-diyl)bis[2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexene]," and any carotene, terpenoid, or isoprenoid that can be classified under IUPAC nomenclature as " 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)octadeca-1,3,5, 7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaen-1-yl]cyclohex-1-ene". "Beta-carotene can be from any food, plant or animal source. In certain embodiments, the beta-carotene is from a plant source. In certain embodiments, the beta-carotene is from an animal source.

[0058] "Taurine" or "2-aminoethanesulfonic acid" is an organic compound that acts in several biological roles, such as the conjugation of bile acids, antioxidation, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, modulation of calcium signaling, development and function of the skeletal muscle, retinal development and function, and central nervous system development and function. The expression "taurine" encompasses any molecule that can be classified under the IUPAC nomenclature as "2-aminoethanesulfonic acid". The taurine defined here can be from any source. In certain embodiments, the taurine is from an animal source.

[0059] An "effective amount" of a nutritional formula described herein refers to an amount sufficient to provide nutrition to an individual. An effective amount of a nutritional formula described herein may vary depending on factors such as the desired biological purpose (e.g., promoting to some extent the postnatal development of an infant's gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development), the mode of administration and the age and health of the subject. In certain embodiments, an effective amount is a therapeutically effective amount. In certain embodiments, an effective amount is the amount of a nutritional formula described herein in a single serving. In certain embodiments, an effective amount is the amount of a nutritional formula described herein in a single feeding. In certain embodiments, an effective amount is the combined amounts of a nutritional formula described herein in multiple servings. In certain embodiments, an effective amount is the combined amounts of a nutritional formula described herein in multiple feedings.

[0060] A "therapeutically effective amount" of a nutritional formula described herein is an amount sufficient to provide a therapeutic health benefit (e.g., gastrointestinal development, nutritional health, nutrient absorption, immune system development, etc.) individual. A therapeutically effective amount of a nutritional formula means an amount of a therapeutic agent, alone or in combination with other therapies, that provides a therapeutic benefit to the individual's health. The term "therapeutically effective amount" can encompass an amount that improves overall health, reduces or prevents symptoms, signs or causes of poor health in an individual, and/or enhances the therapeutic efficacy of another nutritional formula.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0061] The present disclosure provides, in one aspect, a nutritional formula comprising a whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin; milk protein enriched with beta-casein; moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; lactoferrin; oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, wherein palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; lutein; docosahexaenoic acid; arachidonic acid; galactooligosaccharides; polydextrose; and combinations thereof. The invention provides powdered forms of the nutritional formula, reconstituted formulas, methods of administering the nutritional formula, and kits useful for administering the nutritional formula to an individual. The nutritional formulas described herein are useful in providing nutrition and/or promoting an individual's postnatal development (e.g., promoting postnatal development of an infant's gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development, etc.). Methods of providing nutrition to (eg, feeding) an individual in need thereof by feeding the individual with the nutritional formulas described are provided. Also provided are methods of providing nutrition (e.g., food) to an individual in need by feeding the individual the nutritional formulas described herein reconstituted with water. Also provided are kits, methods, and uses that include a nutritional formula described here.

Nutritional Formulas and Reconstituted Formulations

[0062] In one aspect, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; b) lactoferrin; c) oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride, where the palmitic acid is in the SN-2 position of the glycerol structure of the triglyceride; d) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; e) lutein; f) docosahexaenoic acid; g) arachidonic acid; h) galacto-oligosaccharides; i) polydextrose; and j) osteopontin

[0063] In another aspect, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; b) milk protein enriched with beta-casein; c) moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; d) lactoferrin; e) oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride, where palmitic acid is in the SN-2 position of the triglyceride glycerol backbone; f) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; g) lutein; h) docosahexaenoic acid; i) arachidonic acid; j) galacto-oligosaccharides; and I) polydextrose.

[0064] The nutritional formula includes a whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate originates from a non-human animal (e.g., a cow). In certain embodiments, whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin can be obtained from Aria Foods Ingredients Group. In certain embodiments, 40-60% of the whey protein concentrate is alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, approximately 40% of the whey protein concentrate is alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, approximately 43% of the whey protein concentrate is alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, approximately 46% of the whey protein concentrate is alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, approximately 50% of the whey protein concentrate is alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, approximately 60% of the whey protein concentrate is alpha-lactalbumin. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 5.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use and ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. use. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use and ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. use. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin fortified whey protein concentrate is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the range of approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.0 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. . In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the weight range of approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.0 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. . In certain embodiments, the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate is present in the range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 2.5 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. . In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.8 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.715 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.7 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.4 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1385 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.3 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0065] The nutritional formula includes alpha-lactalbumin. Alpha-lactalbumin can be obtained from any source. In certain embodiments, the source of alpha-lactalbumin is demineralized whey, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of 0.25 grams to approximately 5.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use and ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.5 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use and ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 3.25 grams to approximately 3.75 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, alpha-lactalbumin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.7 grams of alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.661 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.6 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.577 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.5 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched in alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 3.6 grams of alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 3.592 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 3.5 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 3,479 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 3.4 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0066] The nutritional formula includes osteopontin. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is derived from milk. Milk for osteopontin production can be obtained from any source. In certain embodiments, the osteopontin is obtained from a non-human animal (e.g., a cow). In certain embodiments, osteopontin can be obtained from Aria Foods. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 1.0 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.0 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.5 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.5 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 grams to approximately 0.25 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.25 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 grams to approximately 0.15 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.15 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.1 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, osteopontin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.05 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.17 grams of osteopontin per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.163 grams of osteopontin per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.16 grams of osteopontin per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the osteopontin is Lacprodan® OPN-10. In certain embodiments, Lacprodan® OPN-10 is obtained from Aria Foods.

[0067] The nutritional formula includes skimmed milk powder. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is produced from skim milk protein. In certain embodiments, the skim milk protein is sourced from a non-human animal (e.g., a cow). In certain embodiments, 0.1-5% of the skimmed milk powder is moisture by weight. In certain embodiments, 5% or less of the skimmed milk powder is moisture by weight. In certain embodiments, 0.1-1.5% of the skim milk powder is milk fat by weight. In certain embodiments, 1.5% or less of the skim milk powder is milk fat by weight. In certain embodiments, 34-60% of skimmed milk powder is milk protein. In certain embodiments, 34% or more of skimmed milk powder is milk protein. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 50 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 45 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 40 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 10 grams to approximately 40 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 35 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 30 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 10 grams to approximately 30 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 25 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 20 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 10 grams to approximately 20 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 15 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, skimmed milk powder is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 10 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 17 grams of skimmed milk powder per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 16.780 grams of skimmed milk powder per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 16 grams of skimmed milk powder per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0068] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes milk protein fortified with beta-casein. In certain embodiments, the beta-casein-enriched milk protein originates from a non-human animal (e.g., a cow). In certain embodiments, the beta-casein-enriched milk protein can be obtained from IOI Loders Croklaan, Loders Croklaan B.V. and/or Kerry. In certain embodiments, 30-60% of the milk protein fraction is beta-casein. In certain embodiments, approximately 30% of the milk protein fraction is beta-casein. In certain embodiments, approximately 40% of the milk protein fraction is beta-casein. In certain embodiments, approximately 50% of the milk protein fraction is beta-casein. In certain embodiments, approximately 60% of the milk protein fraction is beta-casein. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 5.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 3.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, beta-casein-enriched milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.4 grams of beta-casein-enriched milk protein per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.385 grams of beta-casein-enriched milk protein per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.3 grams of beta-casein-enriched milk protein per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0069] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes moderately hydrolyzed milk protein. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 50 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 45 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 40 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 10 grams to approximately 40 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 35 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 30 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 10 grams to approximately 30 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 25 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 20 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 15 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein is present in the weight range of approximately 5 grams to approximately 10 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 28.0 grams of moderately hydrolyzed milk protein per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 27.983 grams of moderately hydrolyzed milk protein per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 27.0 grams of moderately hydrolyzed milk protein per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0070] The nutritional formula includes lactoferrin. In certain embodiments, the lactoferrin is from a non-human animal (e.g., a cow). In certain embodiments, the lactoferrin can be obtained from IOI Loders Croklaan, Loders Croklaan B.V., Milei GmbH and/or Kerry. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 1.5 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 1.0 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 1.0 grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.5 gram per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.2 grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.1 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, lactoferrin is present in the weight range of approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.05 gram per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.14 grams of lactoferrin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.135 grams of lactoferrin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.13 grams of lactoferrin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.07 grams of lactoferrin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.064 grams of lactoferrin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.06 grams of lactoferrin per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the lactoferrin is MLF-2M. In certain embodiments, the MLF-2M is obtained from Milei GmbH.

[0071] In one aspect, the present nutritional formula includes a blend of vegetable oils. In certain embodiments, the vegetable oil blend includes soybean oil, soybean lecithin, coconut oil or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the vegetable oil blend includes soybean oil. In certain embodiments, the vegetable oil blend includes soy lecithin. In certain embodiments, the vegetable oil blend includes coconut oil. In certain embodiments, the vegetable oil blend includes the triglyceride of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid, where the palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the glycerol structure of the triglyceride. In certain embodiments, the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride has Formula (I): wherein R1 is oleic acid (C18:1), and R2 is palmitic acid (C16:0). In certain embodiments, the SN-2 position of the triglyceride glycerol backbone is the second position in the triglyceride glycerol backbone. In certain embodiments, the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is derived from vegetables. In certain embodiments, the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is from oleic acid-rich sunflower oil, palm oil, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is from sunflower oil. In certain embodiments, the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is from high oleic acid sunflower oil. In certain embodiments, the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is from palm oil. In certain embodiments, the vegetable oil blend comprising oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is Betapol DP9100. Betapol DP9100 can be obtained from 101 Loders Croklaan, Loders Croklaan BV and/or Kerry.

[0072] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes the vegetable oil mixture in the following weight range, in grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula: approximately 20 grams to approximately 45 grams of the vegetable oil mixture vegetable oil per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 25 grams to approximately 40 grams of vegetable oil blend per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 30 grams to approximately 40 grams of the vegetable oil blend per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 35 grams to approximately 40 grams of vegetable oil blend per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 37 grams of the vegetable oil blend per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 36.519 grams of vegetable oil blend per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 36 grams of the vegetable oil blend per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 35 grams of the vegetable oil blend per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0073] The nutritional formula includes oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride in the following weight range, in grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula: approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1. 5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.25 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.0 gram of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.75 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 0.6 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 0.6 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.6 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride in the following weight range, in grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula: approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 5 .0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 4.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 4.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 3.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 3.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 2.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 2.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 5.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 4.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 4.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0074] This nutritional formula includes carbohydrates. In certain embodiments, the carbohydrates include lactose. In certain embodiments, the lactose is reduced lactose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes the following weight range of lactose, in grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula: approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 3.0 grams of lactose per L of formula ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional supplement. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 2.5 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 2.0 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.75 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.0 grams to approximately 1.75 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.5 grams to approximately 1.75 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.7 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.6 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the carbohydrates include maltodextrin. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes the following weight range of lactose, in grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula: approximately 30 grams to approximately 50 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula: ready to use. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 40 grams to approximately 50 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 30 grams to approximately 45 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 35 grams to approximately 45 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 40 grams to approximately 45 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 30 grams to approximately 40 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 30 grams to approximately 35 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 42 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 41.814 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 41 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 40.582 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 40 grams of lactose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 50 to 75 grams of maltodextrin per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 60 grams of maltodextrin per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 57 grams of maltodextrin per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0075] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes one or more antioxidants. In certain embodiments, the antioxidants include lutein. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes lutein. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes the following lutein weight range, in grams per liter (g/L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula: approximately 0.0025 grams to approximately 0.05 grams of lutein per L of formula ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional supplement. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.0025 grams to approximately 0.025 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.020 grams to approximately 0.025 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.021 grams of lutein per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.0206 grams of lutein per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0076] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes polyunsaturated fatty acids. In certain embodiments, the polyunsaturated fatty acids include docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes Crypthecodinium cohnii oil, fish oil or combinations or powders thereof. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes Crypthecodinium cohnii oil in powder form. In certain embodiments, the Crypthecodinium cohnii oil powder has between 15-20% docosahexaenoic acid. In certain embodiments, Crypthecodinium cohnii oil powder has between 15-18% docosahexaenoic acid. In certain embodiments, the Crypthecodinium cohnii oil powder has approximately 19% docosahexaenoic acid. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is from Crypthecodinium cohnii oil, fish oil or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is from Driphorm ® SCO DHA 50. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is sourced from Martek Biosciences Corporation, NuMega Ingredients, DSM Nutritional Products and/or Royal DSM. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is from Crypthecodinium cohnii oil. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is from fish oil. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is from Crypthecodinium cohnii oil and fish oil. In certain embodiments, the docosahexaenoic acid is microencapsulated. In certain embodiments, the arachidonic acid is microencapsulated. In certain embodiments, docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid are both microencapsulated.

[0077] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes the following weight range of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid, in grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula: approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1. 5 grams of a combination of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.2 grams to approximately 1.5 grams of a combination of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of a combination of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.296 grams of a combination of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes docosahexaenoic acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.10 gram of docosahexaenoic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.09 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.085 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.09 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.083 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.06 grams to approximately 0.083 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.083 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.070 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.67 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.060 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0078] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes Mortierella alpina oil. In certain embodiments, the arachidonic acid is from Mortierella alpina oil. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes arachidonic acid. In certain embodiments, arachidonic acid is sourced from Martek Biosciences Corporation, NuMega Ingredients, DSM Nutritional Products, and/or Royal DSM. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.0 gram of arachidonic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.75 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.9 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.86 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.8 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.2 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.135 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0079] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes linoleic acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 7.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 6.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 5.0 grams to approximately 6.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 5.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 4.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 3.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 2.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.75 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.45 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 5.5 grams to approximately 6.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 6.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 5.91 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 5.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.47 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.45 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes alpha-linolenic acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.020 grams to approximately 0.75 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.020 grams to approximately 0.50 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.020 grams to approximately 0.25 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.025 grams to approximately 0.1 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.025 grams to approximately 0.075 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.06 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 0.75 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.6 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.542 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.051 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.05 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0080] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes prebiotics. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose, inulin, human milk oligosaccharides, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose, inulin, fructooligosaccharides, human milk oligosaccharides, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the prebiotics include two selected from the group consisting of galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose and inulin. In certain embodiments, the prebiotics include three selected from the group consisting of galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose and fructooligosaccharides. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galactooligosaccharides and polydextrose. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose and fructooligosaccharides. In certain embodiments, the galacto-oligosaccharides come from Friesland-Campina DOMO or DOMO. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.0 gram of galactooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.5 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.75 grams to approximately 0.8 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.8 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.205 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.1 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.5 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.5 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.39 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.3 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.209 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.2 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.06 grams to approximately 0.085 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.08 grams of polydextrose per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.0 gram of fructooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.5 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.6 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.583 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.5 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.364 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.3 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula.

[0081] In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galacto-oligosaccharides and inulin. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galactooligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include polydextrose and inulin. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include polydextrose and fructooligosaccharides. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include galactooligosaccharides and polydextrose. In certain embodiments, prebiotics include polydextrose, galactooligosaccharides, and fructooligosaccharides. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 1.0 gram of prebiotics per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of prebiotics per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 0.8 grams of prebiotics per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.8 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of prebiotics per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.906 grams of prebiotics per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 0.441 grams of prebiotics per L of ready-to-use, reconstituted nutritional formula. In certain embodiments, the prebiotics optionally include an oligosaccharide selected from the group of human milk oligosaccharides consisting of sialylacto-N-tetraose, lactodifucotetraose, 3'-sialylactose, 6'-sialylactose, 3-fucosylactose, 2'-fucosylactose, lactose -N-(neo)tetraose and lacto-N-fucopentaose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes sialylacto-N-tetraose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes lactodifucotetraose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes 3'-sialyllactose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes 6'-sialyllactose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes 3-fucosylctose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes 2'-fucosylctose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes lacto-N-(neo)tetraose. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes lacto-N-fucopentaose.

[0082] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula further includes vitamins, minerals, nucleotides or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula further includes vitamins. In certain embodiments, the vitamins include Vitamin C, Vitamin E, inositol, Vitamin A, niacin, Vitamin D3, pantothenic acid, Vitamin K1, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, folic acid, biotin, Vitamin B12 or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, vitamins include vitamin C, vitamin E, inositol, vitamin A, niacin, vitamin D3, pantothenic acid, vitamin K1, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B12. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula further includes minerals. In certain embodiments, the minerals include calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, magnesium phosphate, sodium selenite, iron(II) sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate, manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the minerals include calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, magnesium phosphate, sodium selenite, iron(II) sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate and manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes nucleotides. In certain embodiments, the nucleotides include adenosine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate, uridine 5'-monophosphate, or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the nucleotides include adenosine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-monophosphate and uridine 5'-monophosphate.

[0083] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula additionally includes L-choline bitartrate, L-carnitine, beta-carotene, taurine or combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes L-choline bitartrate. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes L-carnitine. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes beta-carotene. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes taurine. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula further includes L-choline bitartrate, L-carnitine, beta-carotene and taurine.

[0084] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula optionally further includes lycopene. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula further includes optional ingredients including, but not limited to, colors, flavors, preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifying agents, buffers, stabilizers, thickening agents or combinations thereof.

[0085] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.0 grams to approximately 1.5 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 1.0 grams to approximately 1.5 grams of beta-casein-enriched milk protein per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; demineralized whey; approximately 25 grams to approximately 30 grams of moderately hydrolyzed milk protein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.2 grams of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 35 grams to approximately 38 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula in which the triglyceride is derived from vegetables; approximately 1.5 grams to approximately 2.0 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.020 grams to approximately 0.025 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.1 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.5 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 gram to approximately 0.5 gram of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.025 gram to approximately 0.06 gram of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.75 grams to approximately 0.8 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.06 grams to approximately 0.085 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.6 grams to approximately 0.015 grams of Vitamin C per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 grams to approximately 0.05 grams of Vitamin E per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.05 gram of inositol per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.005 grams to approximately 0.01 grams of Vitamin A per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.005 grams to approximately 0.009 grams of niacin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00025 grams to approximately 0.006 grams of Vitamin D3 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram to approximately 0.005 gram of pantothenic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0005 grams to approximately 0.0015 grams of Vitamin K1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0001 gram to approximately 0.0002 gram of Vitamin B1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0005 grams to approximately 0.0009 grams of Vitamin B2 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0005 grams to approximately 0.0008 grams of Vitamin B6 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0001 gram to approximately 0.0002 gram of folic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00003 grams to approximately 0.00004 grams of biotin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.000002 grams to approximately 0.000004 grams of Vitamin B12 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 0.7 grams of calcium phosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of calcium carbonate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 gram to approximately 0.5 gram of potassium chloride per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.05 gram to approximately 0.1 gram of sodium citrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00003 gram to approximately 0.00005 gram of magnesium phosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.000025 gram to approximately 0.00005 gram of sodium selenite per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.02 grams to approximately 0.05 grams of iron(II) sulfate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of zinc sulfate monohydrate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.002 grams to approximately 0.004 grams of copper sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.000001 gram to approximately 0.000003 gram of manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.005 grams to approximately 0.01 grams of adenosine 5'-monophosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of cytidine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram to approximately 0.005 gram of guanosine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of uridine 5'-monophosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 gram to approximately 0.5 gram of L-choline bitartrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of L-carnitine per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0003 grams to approximately 0.0005 grams of beta-carotene per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.03 gram to approximately 0.07 gram of taurine per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of soy lecithin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 56.0 grams to approximately 58.0 grams of maltodextrin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0086] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.0 grams to approximately 3.0 grams of alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate per liter (L) of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; demineralized whey; whey protein concentrate; skim powdered milk; approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.2 gram of osteopontin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.2 gram of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 35 grams to approximately 38 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula in which the triglyceride is derived from vegetables; approximately 40 grams to approximately 45 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.020 grams to approximately 0.025 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.05 grams to approximately 0.3 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 1.0 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 gram to approximately 0.5 gram of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.025 gram to approximately 0.06 gram of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.35 grams to approximately 0.45 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.35 grams to approximately 0.45 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.55 grams to approximately 0.6 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.1 gram to approximately 0.15 gram of Vitamin C per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.05 gram of Vitamin E per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.05 gram of inositol per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.005 grams to approximately 0.01 grams of Vitamin A per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula, approximately 0.005 grams to approximately 0.009 grams of niacin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00025 grams to approximately 0.006 grams of Vitamin D3 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram to approximately 0.005 gram of pantothenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0005 grams to approximately 0.0015 grams of Vitamin K1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0001 gram to approximately 0.0015 gram of Vitamin B1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00003 gram to approximately 0.0009 gram of Vitamin B2 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0005 grams to approximately 0.0008 grams of Vitamin B6 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram to approximately 0.002 gram of folic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.003 grams to approximately 0.004 grams of biotin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.00015 grams to approximately 0.00025 grams of Vitamin B12 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 0.7 grams of dicalcium phosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.25 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of calcium carbonate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 gram to approximately 0.5 gram of potassium chloride per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00004 gram to approximately 0.00006 gram of potassium iodide per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.4 grams to approximately 0.6 grams of potassium citrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.05 gram to approximately 0.1 gram of sodium citrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00003 grams to approximately 0.00005 grams of di-magnesium phosphate trihydrate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.2 grams to approximately 0.3 grams of magnesium chloride hexahydrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.000025 gram to approximately 0.00005 gram of sodium selenite per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.02 gram to approximately 0.05 gram of iron(II) sulfate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of zinc sulfate monohydrate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.002 gram to approximately 0.004 gram of copper sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.000001 gram to approximately 0.000003 gram of manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.005 grams to approximately 0.01 grams of adenosine 5'-monophosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 grams to approximately 0.03 grams of cytidine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram to approximately 0.005 gram of guanosine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of uridine 5'-monophosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of L-Choline Bi-Tartrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram to approximately 0.03 gram of L-carnitine per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0003 grams to approximately 0.0005 grams of beta-carotene per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.03 gram to approximately 0.07 gram of taurine per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; and approximately 0.3 grams to approximately 0.5 grams of soy lecithin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0087] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 1.38 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 1.38 grams of beta-casein-enriched milk protein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; demineralized whey; approximately 28 grams of lightly hydrolyzed milk protein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.14 grams of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.5 gram of vegetable-derived oleic acid-palmitic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 1.7 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.020 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.083 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.86 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.47 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.05 gram of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.08 grams of galactooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.08 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.1 gram of vitamin C; approximately 0.03 grams of Vitamin E, approximately 0.025 grams of inositol; approximately 0.01 gram of vitamin A; approximately 0.008 grams of niacin; approximately 0.005 grams of vitamin D3; approximately 0.004 grams of pantothenic acid; approximately 0.001 gram of Vitamin K1; approximately 0.001 gram of vitamin B1; approximately 0.0008 grams of vitamin B2; approximately 0.0006 grams of vitamin B6; approximately 0.0001 gram of folic acid; approximately 0.00004 grams of biotin; and approximately 0.000002 grams of vitamin B12; approximately 0.6 grams of calcium phosphate; approximately 0.5 grams of calcium carbonate; approximately 0.4 grams of potassium chloride; approximately 0.06 grams of sodium citrate; approximately 0.00003 grams of magnesium phosphate; approximately 0.000025 grams of sodium selenite; approximately 0.046 grams of iron(II) sulfate; approximately 0.017 grams of zinc sulfate monohydrate; approximately 0.026 grams of copper sulfate; and approximately 0.0000018 grams of manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate; and approximately 0.0086 grams of adenosine 5'-monophosphate; approximately 0.016 grams of cytidine 5'-monophosphate; approximately 0.0037 grams of guanosine 5'-monophosphate; and approximately 0.013 grams of uridine 5'-monophosphate; approximately 0.46 grams of L-choline bitartrate; approximately 0.01 gram of L-carnitine; approximately 0.0004 grams of beta-carotene; approximately 0.05 grams of taurine; approximately 0.4 grams of soy lecithin; and approximately 57.5 grams of maltodextrin. In certain embodiments, the invention provides powdered forms of the nutritional formula and reconstituted formulas.

[0088] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula includes approximately 2.72 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; whey protein concentrate; demineralized whey; skim powdered milk; approximately 0.16 grams of osteopontin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.064 grams of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 5.0 grams of vegetable-derived oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 41.814 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.021 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.067 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.135 grams of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 5.91 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.542 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.399 grams of galacto-oligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.399 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.58 grams of fructooligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.1 grams of Vitamin C per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.03 grams of Vitamin E per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.025 grams of inositol per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram of Vitamin A per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.008 grams of niacin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.005 grams of vitamin D3 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.004 grams of pantothenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram of Vitamin K1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram of vitamin B per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00003 grams of Vitamin B2 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0006 grams of Vitamin B6 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram of folic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.004 grams of biotin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.002 grams of Vitamin B 12 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.001 gram of folic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.004 grams of biotin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.6 grams of dicalcium phosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.5 grams of calcium carbonate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.4 grams of potassium chloride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00005 grams of potassium iodide per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.54 grams of potassium citrate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.28 grams of magnesium chloride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.39 grams of sodium citrate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.00003 grams of di-magnesium phosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.000025 grams of sodium selenite per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.046 grams of iron(II) sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.017 grams of zinc sulfate monohydrate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.026 grams of copper sulfate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; and approximately 0.0000018 grams of manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0086 grams of adenosine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.016 grams of cytidine 5'-monophosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.0037 grams of guanosine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.013 grams of uridine 5'-monophosphate per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; approximately 0.46 grams of L-choline bitartrate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.01 gram of L-carnitine per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.0004 grams of beta-carotene per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; approximately 0.05 grams of taurine per L of ready-to-reconstitute nutritional formula; and approximately 0.4 grams of soy lecithin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula.

[0089] In certain embodiments, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; b) milk protein enriched with beta-casein; c) moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; d) lactoferrin; e) oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, where palmitic acid is found at position SN-2 of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; f) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; g) lutein; h) docosahexaenoic acid; i) arachidonic acid; j) galacto-oligosaccharides; and 1) polydextrose.

[0090] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin; b) lactoferrin; c) oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, where palmitic acid is found at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; d) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; e) lutein; f) docosahexaenoic acid; g) arachidonic acid; h) galacto-oligosaccharides; i) polydextrose; and j) osteopontin.

[0091] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin; b) milk protein enriched with beta-casein; c) moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; d) lactoferrin; e) oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, where palmitic acid is found at position SN-2 of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; f) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; g) lutein; h) docosahexaenoic acid; i) arachidonic acid; j) galacto-oligosaccharides; I) polydextrose; and l) inulin.

[0092] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin; a) whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; b) lactoferrin; c) oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, wherein the palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the glycerol structure of the triglyceride; d) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; e) lutein; f) docosahexaenoic acid; g) arachidonic acid; h) galacto-oligosaccharides; i) polydextrose; j) osteopontin; and I) fructooligosaccharides

[0093] In certain embodiments, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; b) milk protein enriched with beta-casein; c) moderately hydrolyzed milk protein; d) lactoferrin; e) oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, where palmitic acid is found at position SN-2 of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; f) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; g) lutein; h) docosahexaenoic acid; i) arachidonic acid; j) galacto-oligosaccharides; I) polydextrose; l) inulin; m) vitamins; n) minerals; o) nucleotides; p) soy lecithin; q) maltodextrin; r) beta-carotene; and s) taurine.

[0094] In certain embodiments, the present description provides a nutritional formula comprising: a) whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin; b) lactoferrin; c) oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid, where palmitic acid is found at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; d) lactose, wherein the lactose is reduced lactose; e) lutein; f) docosahexaenoic acid; g) arachidonic acid; h) galacto-oligosaccharides; i) polydextrose; j) osteopontin; I) fructooligosaccharides; l) vitamins; m) minerals; h) nucleotides; o) soy lecithin; p) maltodextrin; q) beta-carotene; and r) taurine.

[0095] In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula is provided in powder form. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formula is provided in a liquid form.

[0096] The present disclosure also provides reconstituted formulations comprising a powdered form of the nutritional formula described herein, reconstituted with water to produce a ready-to-use liquid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formulation is reconstituted with 900 mL of water to form approximately 1 L of reconstituted nutritional formulation. In certain embodiments, the nutritional formulation is reconstituted with approximately 1 L of water to form approximately 1.1 L of reconstituted nutritional formulation

[0097] Also provided herein are liquid concentrates of a nutritional formula described herein, wherein the liquid concentrates may be diluted to form a ready-to-use liquid.

Kits and Administration

[0098] The nutritional formulas described herein may be prepared by any method known in the art for formulating and manufacturing nutritional products. In general, such preparatory methods include combining nutritional formula ingredients into an aqueous suspension, which includes mixtures of proteins, carbohydrates, fats or lipids, prebiotics, minerals, lutein, beta-carotene or combinations thereof, and heating the aqueous emulsion to approximately (140°F) and then homogenizing, pasteurizing, cooling and spray drying the aqueous emulsion. Other materials, including vitamins, minerals, nucleotides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (eg, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), proteins (eg, lactoferrin), or combinations thereof, may be added to the spray-dried solution, followed by additional processing and packaging.

[0099] In certain embodiments, such preparatory methods for preparing the nutritional formulas include a two-step process. The first step involves the addition of macro ingredients, including protein (e.g., alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate, beta-casein-enriched milk protein, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein), carbohydrate (e.g., maltodextrin and lactose), prebiotics (e.g. galacto-oligosaccharides and polydextrose), basic mineral premix, fat or lipid (e.g. lecithin), lutein, beta-carotene or combinations thereof, in a base mix tank containing water (eg reverse osmosis processed water) and equipped with a high speed mixer. In certain embodiments, the first step involves the addition of macroingredients, including protein (e.g., alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate, skimmed milk powder, demineralized whey), carbohydrate (e.g., lactose), prebiotics (e.g., galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharides, and polydextrose), basic mineral premix, fat or lipid (e.g., lecithin), lutein, beta-carotene, or combinations thereof, in a tank mix of base containing water (for example, water processed by reverse osmosis) and equipped with a high-speed mixer. A vegetable oil blend (eg Betapol DP9100, including OPO SN-2 oil) is then added to the masterbatch tank and heated (eg heated to (140°F)). This forms an aqueous emulsion. The aqueous emulsion is then purified. In certain embodiments, the aqueous emulsion is first transferred to a two-stage homogenizer, followed by transfer to a two-stage pasteurizer. Then the paste is dried. In certain embodiments, hot filtered air (e.g., having a temperature of approximately (350°F) to approximately (400°F)) is used to spray dry the mixture. Screening is used to trap large particles, whereupon these larger trapped particles are added back to the spray dryer to achieve complete drying. Once a low moisture level is achieved (e.g. a moisture level of approximately 2% or less), the dry powder is transferred to a powder hopper for bagging into large nitrogen flushed bags (e.g. 20-40 kg).

[00100] The second stage of the process usually involves adding the vitamin premix, mineral waste premix, and nucleotide premix to a 20-40 kg bag (for example, a 25 kg bag), as a base. This mixture is placed in a small blender with lactoferrin (eg freeze-dried lactoferrin) along with polyunsaturated fatty acids (eg microencapsulated arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) and then mixed thoroughly. A total of approximately thirty to forty (e.g., thirty-five) of each bag (e.g., each 25 kg bag) that has undergone the above additions are combined in a large paddle mixer. Next, the powdered forms of the nutritional formula are packaged and distributed. In certain embodiments, a screen magnet, vertical filler, and box sealer are used to fill and seal individual packages of powdered nutritional formula (e.g., powder packs), wherein approximately 100 (e.g., 96) packages of powder can be produced per minute. The finished product is placed in containers for mass distribution.

[00101 ] Kits are also covered by the description (for example, packages of powdered nutritional formula). Kits provided may comprise a nutritional formulation described herein and a container (e.g., a suitable container) or reconstituted formulas described herein. Thus, in one aspect, kits are provided that include a container comprising a nutritional formulation described herein. In certain embodiments, kits are useful for providing nutrition (eg, promoting postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions, nutrient absorption, immune system development, etc.) to an individual in need (eg, a child). . In certain embodiments, kits are useful in a method described herein.

[00102] In certain embodiments, a kit described herein further includes instructions for using the powdered nutritional formula included in the kit. The nutritional formula may be provided in a convenient portion for administration (serving) to an individual. The kit may include a dry nutritional formula and diluting agent (eg, water). In certain embodiments, the diluting agent is water. The kit can include several dosage units. For example, the kit can include from 1 to 100 servings. A kit described herein may also include information as required by a regulatory agency, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In certain embodiments, the kits include instructions on calculating a portion and/or providing nutrition to an individual in need. Devices (eg, bottles) for feeding the nutritional formula or reconstituted formula to an individual are also encompassed by the description.

Methods of Administration and Feeding

[00103] The present disclosure provides methods for providing nutrition (eg, feeding) to an individual (eg, a newborn, infant) in need thereof. In certain embodiments, the method of providing nutrition to an individual comprises administering (e.g., feeding) a nutrition formula described herein to an individual. In certain embodiments, the nutrition formula administered is a previously reconstituted ready-to-use liquid. In certain embodiments, the method of providing nutrition to a subject comprises reconstituting the powdered nutritional formula with water to form a ready-to-use liquid. In certain embodiments, the methods of description include feeding the reconstituted formula to the subject. In certain embodiments, the method of providing nutrition (eg, feeding) can be useful for providing nutrition, as well as for the postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions, promoting nutrient absorption, immune system development, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, methods of providing nutrition may be useful for the postnatal development of gastrointestinal functions. In certain embodiments, nutrition delivery methods can be useful to promote nutrient absorption. In certain embodiments, methods of providing nutrition can be useful for immune system development.

[00104] In certain embodiments, the methods of the description include administering to a subject in need an effective amount of a nutrition formula described herein. In certain embodiments, the subject in need thereof is a human being. In certain embodiments, the individual in need is a child. In certain embodiments, the subject in need is an infant. In certain embodiments, the individual in need thereof is a newborn. In certain embodiments, the individual in need is a preschooler. In certain embodiments, the individual in need is an adult. In certain embodiments, the individual in need is a teenager.

EXAMPLES

[00105] So that the present description can be more completely understood, the following examples are presented below. The examples described in this application are offered to illustrate the nutritional formulas, reconstituted formulas and methods provided herein and are not to be construed as limiting its scope in any way.

Preparation of the formulations described here

[00106] The nutritional formulas provided herein can be prepared from readily available starting materials using the following exemplary methods and procedures. For example, nutritional formulas can be prepared according to Example 1.

Example 1. Exemplary Preparation of a Nutritional Formula

[00107] This example illustrates a nutritional formula described herein, including a method for making the formula. The ingredients in the formula are listed in the table below. **: 900 mL water added to ingredients to give 1 Liter (L) of reconstituted formula

[00108] The nutritional formula is typically prepared using a two-step process. The first step involves the addition of macro-ingredients (e.g. whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin, milk protein enriched with beta-casein, moderately hydrolyzed milk protein, maltodextrin and lactose), prebiotics (eg, galacto-oligosaccharides and polydextrose), mineral base premix, lecithin, lutein and beta-carotene in a base mix tank containing reverse osmosis processed water and equipped with a high speed mixer. The vegetable oil blend (eg Betapol DP9100, including OPO SN-2 oil) is then added to the masterbatch tank and heated to (140°F).

[00109] This example illustrates a nutritional formula described herein, including a method for making the formula. The ingredients in the formula are listed in the table below. **: 900 mL water added to ingredients to give 1 Liter (L) of reconstituted formula

[00110] The nutritional formula is typically prepared using a two-step process. The first step involves the addition of macro-ingredients (e.g. whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin, skimmed milk powder and lactose), prebiotics (e.g. galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo- oligosaccharides and polydextrose), base mineral premix, lecithin, lutein and beta-carotene in a base mix tank containing water processed by reverse osmosis and equipped with a high speed mixer. The vegetable oil blend (eg Betapol DP9100, including OPO SN-2 oil) is then added to the masterbatch tank and heated to (140°F).

[00111] The emulsion is then transferred to a two-stage homogenizer, followed by transfer to a two-stage pasteurizer. Warm filtered air having a temperature of approximately (350°F to approximately 400°F) is used to spray dry the mixture. Screening is used to trap large particles, whereupon these larger trapped particles are added back to the spray dryer to achieve complete drying. Once a moisture level of approximately 2% or less has been achieved, the dried powder is transferred to a powder hopper for bagging into 50 lb nitrogen-flushed bags.

[00112] The second stage of the process used to prepare the formula involves adding the vitamin premix, mineral waste premix, and nucleotide premix to a 25 kg bag of base. This mixture is placed in a small blender with lyophilized lactoferrin along with microencapsulated arachidonic acid/docosahexaenoic acid, both of which require careful mixing in a dry environment. The addition of microencapsulated DHA/ARA and lactoferrin at this stage in the process helps preserve the ingredients intact and prevents oxidative degradation during processing, mixing, packaging and storage the above additions are combined in a large paddle mixer. A screen magnet, vertical filler and box sealer are used to fill and seal individual packets of powdered nutritional formula, whereby approximately 96 packets of powder can be produced per minute. The finished product is placed in suitable containers for distribution.

[00113] The prepared nutritional formulation is analyzed to obtain the following nutritional information.

EQUIVALENTS AND SCOPE

[00114] In the claims, articles such as "an/a" and "the/a" can mean one or more than one, unless otherwise indicated or otherwise evident from the context. Claims or descriptions that include "or" between one or more members of a group are considered to be satisfied if one, more than one, or all members of the group are present, employed, or otherwise relevant to a particular product or process. , unless otherwise indicated or otherwise evident from the context. The invention includes embodiments in which exactly one member of the group is present, employed, or relevant to a given product or process. The invention includes embodiments in which more than one, or all, members of the group are present, employed or relevant to a given product or process.

[00115] Furthermore, the invention encompasses all variations, combinations and permutations in which one or more limitations, elements, clauses and descriptive expressions of one or more of the listed claims are introduced in another claim. For example, any claim dependent on another claim may be modified to include one or more limitations found in any other claim that is dependent on the same base claim. Where elements are presented as lists, for example in Markush group format, each subgroup of elements is also described and any element can be removed from the group. It should be understood that, in general, where the invention or aspects of the invention is/are said to comprise particular elements and/or features, certain embodiments of the invention or aspects of the invention consist or consist essentially of such elements and/or features. For the sake of simplicity, these modalities are not specifically stated here in haec verba. It is also noted that the terms "comprising" and "containing" are intended to be open-ended and allow for the inclusion of additional elements or steps. Where ranges are given, endpoints are included. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated or otherwise evident from the context and understanding of one skilled in the art, the values which are expressed as ranges may take on any specific value or subrange within the ranges set forth in different embodiments of the invention, from the tenth of the unit of the lower limit of the range, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[00116] This application refers to various issued patents, published patent applications, journal articles and other publications, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. If there is a conflict between any of the incorporated references and this order, the order shall prevail. Furthermore, any particular embodiment of the present invention that falls within the prior art can be explicitly excluded from any one or more of the claims. Since such modalities are considered to be known to those skilled in the art, they may be excluded even if the exclusion is not explicitly defined here. Any particular embodiment of the invention may be excluded from any claim, for any reason, whether or not related to the existence of the prior art.

[00117] Those skilled in the art will recognize or be able to determine using no more than routine experimentation various equivalents to the specific embodiments described herein. The scope of the present embodiments described herein is not intended to be limited to the above description, but rather to that set out in the appended claims. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made to this description without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, as defined in the claims that follow.

Claims (39)

1. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula, characterized in that it comprises: a) 0.25 grams to 5.0 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula , wherein the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate comprises at least 30% of the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate by weight; b) 0.01 gram to 1.0 gram of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; c) 0.5 grams to 5.0 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula, in which palmitic acid is at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; d) lactose; and lutein; f) docosahexaenoic acid; g) 0.01 gram to 1.0 gram of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; h) more than 0 grams and less than 0.5 grams of galacto-oligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; i) more than 0 grams and less than 0.5 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and j) more than 0 grams and less than 0.6 grams of fructo-oligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; and wherein the nutritional formula comprises 0.1 gram to 1.0 gram of a combination of galacto-oligosaccharides, polydextrose and fructo-oligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; and k) 0.01 grams to 0.25 grams of osteopontin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. 2. Reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises linoleic acid. 3. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises alpha-linolenic acid. 4. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises vitamins, minerals, nucleotides, L-choline bitartrate, L-carnitine, soy lecithin, beta-carotene , taurine, or a combination thereof. 5. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one of the vitamins is selected from the group consisting of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, inositol, Vitamin A, niacin, Vitamin D3, pantothenic acid , Vitamin K1, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, folic acid, biotin, Vitamin B12 and combinations thereof. 6. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that at least one of the minerals is selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, citrate of sodium, magnesium phosphate, sodium selenite, iron(II) sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate, manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate, and combinations thereof. 7. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the nucleotides is selected from the group consisting of adenosine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate, Guanosine 5'-monophosphate, uridine 5'-monophosphate, and combinations thereof. 8. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the nutritional formula comprises 0.5 grams to 3.0 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha- lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 2.5 grams to 3.0 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.25 grams to 1.5 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.5 grams to 1.5 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.8 grams to 1.4 grams of whey protein concentrate fortified with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 9. Reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the nutritional formula comprises 0.05 grams to 1.0 grams of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use ; or 0.05 gram to 0.2 gram of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 10. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the nutritional formula comprises 0.3 grams to 0.6 grams of oleic acid triglyceride-palmitic acid-oleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 11. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 0.0025 grams to 0.05 grams of lutein per L of nutritional formula reconstituted, ready for use; or 0.015 grams to 0.025 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula, or greater than zero grams and less than 0.05 grams of lutein per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 12. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 0.01 grams to 0.083 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted nutritional formula , ready for use; or 0.05 gram to 0.09 gram of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 13. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 0.1 gram to 1.0 gram of arachidonic acid per L of formula reconstituted nutrition, ready to use; or 0.5 gram to 1.0 gram of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 14. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 0.1 gram to 0.5 gram of galacto-oligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.4 grams of galacto-oligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.205 grams of galacto-oligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 15. Reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use, comprises 35 grams to 45 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use use; or 30 grams to 50 grams of lactose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 16. Dried powdered form of a nutritional formula, comprising: a) 0.19 grams to 3.7 grams of a whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per 100 grams of dried powdered form of the nutritional formula, wherein the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate comprises at least 30% alpha-lactalbumin by weight of the alpha-lactalbumin-enriched whey protein concentrate by weight; b) more than 0.007 grams to 0.74 grams of lactoferrin per 100 grams of dried powder form of the nutritional formula; c) 0.37 grams to 3.7 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per 100 grams of dried powder form of the nutritional formula, where palmitic acid is found at the SN-2 position of the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride; d) lactose; e) lutein; f) 0.007 grams to 0.074 grams of docosahexaenoic acid per 100 grams of dried powder form of the nutritional formula; g) 0.0074 grams to 0.74 grams of arachidonic acid per 100 grams of dried powdered form of the nutritional formula; h) more than 0 grams and less than 0.37 grams of galacto-oligosaccharides per 100 grams of dried powdered form of the nutritional formula; i) more than 0 grams and less than 0.37 grams of polydextrose per 100 grams of dried powdered form of the nutritional formula; j) more than 0 grams and less than 0.44 grams of fructo-oligosaccharides per 100 grams of dried powdered form of the nutritional formula; and wherein the dehydrated powdered form of the nutritional formula comprises more than 0 grams and less than 0.74 grams of a combination of galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose and fructooligosaccharides; and k) 0.007 grams to 0.19 grams of osteopontin per 100 grams of dried powdered form of the nutritional formula. 17. Reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use according to any one of claims 1 to 15 or dehydrated powdered form of a nutritional formula according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises demineralized whey. 18. Nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 or Dehydrated powder form of a nutritional formula according to claim 16, characterized in that docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid or combinations thereof are microencapsulated . 19. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15, 17 and 18 or dehydrated powdered form of a nutritional formula according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises skimmed milk powder. 20. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 19, characterized in that it further comprises the following weight ranges, in grams per liter (g/L) of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready-to-use: a) 0.5 grams to 3.0 grams of whey protein concentrate enriched with alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; b) 16.5 grams to 17.0 grams of skimmed milk powder per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; c) 0.01 gram to 0.10 gram of lactoferrin per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; d) 0.25 grams to 1.5 grams of oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula in which the triglyceride is derived from vegetables; e) 0.05 gram to 0.09 gram of docosahexaenoic acid per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; f) 0.1 gram to 1.0 gram of arachidonic acid per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; g) 5 grams to 6 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; h) 0.5 grams to 0.6 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; i) more than 0 grams and less than 0.40 grams of galacto-oligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; j) more than 0 grams and less than 0.40 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; k) 0.1 gram to 0.15 gram of Vitamin C per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula, 0.01 grams to 0.05 grams of Vitamin E per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.01 gram to 0.05 gram inositol per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.005 grams to 0.01 grams of Vitamin A per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula, 0.005 grams to 0.009 grams of niacin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.00025 grams to 0.006 grams of Vitamin D3 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.001 gram to 0.005 gram of pantothenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.0005 grams to 0.0015 grams of Vitamin K1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.0005 grams to 0.0015 grams of Vitamin B1 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.00003 gram to 0.00006 gram of Vitamin B2 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.0005 grams to 0.0008 grams of Vitamin B6 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.001 gram to 0.002 gram of folic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.003 gram to 0.004 gram of biotin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and 0.002 grams to 0.004 grams of Vitamin B12 per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; l) 0.3 grams to 0.7 grams of dicalcium phosphate per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; 0.25 grams to 0.5 grams of calcium carbonate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.3 gram to 0.5 gram of potassium chloride per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.3 gram to 0.5 gram of sodium citrate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.00003 gram to 0.00005 gram dimagnesium phosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.000025 grams to 0.00005 grams of sodium selenite per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.02 gram to 0.05 gram of iron(II) sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.01 gram to 0.03 gram of zinc sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.002 gram to 0.004 gram of copper sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; and 0.000001 gram to 0.000003 gram of manganese(II) sulfate per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; m) 0.005 grams to 0.01 grams of adenosine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.01 gram to 0.03 gram cytidine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.001 gram to 0.005 gram of guanosine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; and 0.01 gram to 0.03 gram uridine 5'-monophosphate per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula; n) 0.3 grams to 0.5 grams of L-choline bitartrate per L of reconstituted and ready-to-use nutritional formula; 0.01 gram to 0.03 gram of L-carnitine per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; o) 0.0003 grams to 0.0005 grams of beta-carotene per L of reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use; 0.03 gram to 0.07 gram of taurine per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; p) 0.3 grams to 0.5 grams of soy lecithin per L of reconstituted and ready-to-use nutritional formula; and q) 0.01 gram to 0.15 gram of osteopontin per L of reconstituted ready-to-use nutritional formula. 21. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 20, characterized in that it comprises 0.4 grams to 0.8 grams of the combination of galacto-oligosaccharides, polydextrose and fructose oligosaccharides per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or wherein the nutritional formula comprises 0.8 grams to 1.0 grams of the combination of galacto-oligosaccharides, polydextrose and fructo-oligosaccharides per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. 22. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 21 or dehydrated powdered form of a nutritional formula according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises maltodextrin. 23. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 22 or dehydrated powdered form of a nutritional formula according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises inulin. 24. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 23 or dehydrated powdered form of a nutritional formula according to claim 16, characterized in that it further comprises: one or more human milk oligosaccharides selected from the group consisting of: sialylacto-N-tetraose, lactodifucotetraose, 3'-sialylactose, 6'-sialylactose, 3-fucosylactose, 2'-fucosylactose, lacto-N-(neo)tetraose and lacto-N -fucopentaose. 25. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 24, characterized in that it is for use in providing nutrition to an individual, comprising: administering or feeding the individual with the reconstituted nutritional formula, ready to use. 26. Kit, characterized by the fact that it comprises: i. one or more packages of the dehydrated powdered form of the powdered nutritional formula as defined in claim 16; and ii. instructions for administering a reconstituted form of the dried powdered form of powdered nutritional formula to an individual. 27. Kit according to claim 26, characterized in that it comprises a diluting agent. 28. Use of a reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use as defined in any one of claims 1 to 15 and 17 to 24, characterized in that it is in the preparation of a nutritional composition or kit for providing nutrition to an individual, comprising: administering or feeding the individual the reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 29. Reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use, according to any one of claims 2 to 15 and 17 to 24, characterized in that the reconstituted nutritional formula, ready for use, comprises 5.5 grams to 6.0 grams of acid linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.25 grams to 0.75 grams of linoleic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula; or 0.25 grams to 7.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.25 grams to 7.0 grams of linoleic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 30. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula, according to any one of claims 3 to 15, 17 to 24 and 29, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 0.50 grams to 0.75 grams of alpha - linolenic acid per L of reconstituted and ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.025 gram to 0.1 gram of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.020 gram to 0.75 gram alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.50 grams to 0.60 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.50 grams of alpha-linolenic acid per L of ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula. 31. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula, according to any one of claims 1 to 15, 17 to 24, 29 and 30, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 3.25 grams to 3.75 grams of alpha-lactalbumin per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 32. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula, according to any one of claims 1 to 15, 17 and 24 and 29 to 31, characterized in that the ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula comprises 0.0025 grams to 0.25 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.05 grams to 0.085 grams of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula; or 0.1 gram to 0.5 gram of polydextrose per L of reconstituted, ready-to-use nutritional formula. 33. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15, 17 to 24 and 29 to 32, characterized in that the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is from high sunflower oil oleic or palm oil; and/or the oleic acid-palmitic acid-oleic acid triglyceride is derived from vegetables. 34. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula according to any one of claims 1 to 15, 17 to 24 and 29 to 33, characterized in that docosahexaenoic acid is derived from Crypthecodinium cohnii oil or fish oil. 35. Ready-to-use reconstituted nutritional formula, according to any one of claims 1 to 15, 17 to 24 and 29 to 34, characterized in that the arachidonic acid is from Mortierella alpina oil. 36. Nutritional formula for the use of any one of claims 25 and 28, characterized in that it comprises: reconstituting the nutritional formula with water to form a ready-to-eat liquid; and feeding the reconstituted formula to the subject. 37. Nutritional formula characterized in that it is for the use of any one of claims 25, 28 and 36, characterized in that it comprises the administration of 0.1 L - 0.25 L of the reconstituted formula per administration and/or administration of 0.5 L - 1.0 L of reconstituted formula per day. 38. Nutritional formula characterized in that it is for the use of any one of claims 25, 28, 36 and 37, characterized in that it comprises four to six administrations per day. 39. Kit, according to claim 27, characterized in that the diluting agent is water.