BR112016022949B1 - HYBRID WAVEFORM DESIGN COMBINING OFDM AND SINGLE CARRIER BASED ON CYCLIC PREFIX FOR MILLIMETER WAVE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION - Google Patents

Abstract

HYBRID WAVEFORM DESIGN COMBINING OFDM AND SINGLE CARRIER BASED ON CYCLIC PREFIX FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION WITH MILLIMETRIC WAVE. Methods, systems and devices are described for generating a hybrid waveform for transmitting data between a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmission device may employ an OFDM processing technique to periodically transmit the first known pilot symbols mapped from a cluster of signals in which each signal has equal energy during a first period of time and a single carrier processing technique based on in cyclic prefix (CP-SC) to transmit the data packet and the second known pilot symbols during a second period of time. Channel estimation is based on the first pilot symbols, which are inserted into all OFDM symbol block subcarriers in a specific period. The channel estimation trace is based on the second pilot symbols interspersed in the data packet. The receiving device may be configured to estimate the CSI based, in part, on the first pilot symbols and to track the channel estimate based, in part, (...).

Description

CROSS REFERENCES

[0001] This Patent Application claims priority to US Patent Application No. 14/242,609 by Zhao et al, entitled “Hybrid Waveform Design Combining OFDM and Cyclic Prefix Based Single Carrier for Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communication”, filed in April 1, 2014, and assigned to the assignee hereof.

BACKGROUND

[0002] Wireless communications systems are widely installed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be multiple access systems with the ability to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems. orthogonal frequency division (OFDMA). Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) such as Wi-Fi networks (IEEE 802.11) are also widely deployed and used.

[0003] In general, a wireless multiple access communications system may include numerous base stations or numerous access points, each of which simultaneously supports communication to multiple mobile devices. Base stations or access points can communicate with mobile devices on downstream and upstream links. Each base station or access point (AP) has a coverage range, which can be referred to as the cell's coverage area. Wireless communication between base stations and mobile devices can include high data rates. In such situations, the performance of a wireless communication system is mainly governed by the wireless channel environment. High data rate transmission and high mobility of transmitters and/or receivers typically experience challenging frequency-selective and time-selective fading channel conditions. Mitigation of such fading conditions results in effective data transmission.

[0004] Accurate estimation of channel state information (CSI) impacts the performance of a wireless communication system. As opposed to the typical static and predictable characteristics of a wired channel, the wireless channel can be dynamic and unpredictable. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been conventionally adopted for a wide range of wireless and wired applications. OFDM's greatest virtues include its resilience to multipath propagation, the ability to achieve channel capacity, and the availability of frequency diversity scaling in multiuser communication systems. However, although OFDM-based transmission has become the physical layer for wideband communications, it suffers from several disadvantages, including a large peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), intolerance to amplifier nonlinearities, and high sensitivity to carrier frequency shifts. As a result, deploying an OFDM system to transmit data over a wireless channel may not be ideal for certain wireless systems.

[0005] An alternative approach to OFDM systems focuses on single carrier (SC) modulation techniques with cyclic prefix (CP). Although a CP-based single-carrier transmission system with frequency domain equalization can provide a lower peak-to-average power ratio than an OFDM system, CP-based SC systems can suffer from poor channel estimation with Comparable or even high deployment complexity versus OFDM system in a fast variant channel environment. Therefore, adopting CP-based SC modulation techniques to assist with channel estimation may not be ideal. Although both OFDM and SC modulation techniques provide certain unique advantages, each suffers from inherent disadvantages that negatively impact wireless channel performance with respect to channel estimation and data transfer.

SUMMARY

[0006] The present disclosure relates, in general, to one or more improved systems, methods and/or apparatus for generating a hybrid waveform for transmitting data between a transmitting device and a receiving device. In certain embodiments, the transmitting device (e.g., a base station and/or mobile device) may employ an OFDM processing technique to periodically transmit the first known pilot symbols during a first period of time and an OFDM processing technique single cyclic prefix-based carrier (CP-SC) for transmitting packet data and a plurality of second pilot symbols during a second period of time. In some examples, the channel estimate is based on the first pilot symbols, which can be inserted into all subcarriers of OFDM symbol blocks in a specific period. The receiving device can estimate the CSI based on the first pilot symbols, track the channel estimate based on the second pilot symbols, and then provide reliable data detection. By adopting a hybrid waveform that comprises an OFDM processing technique for channel estimation and a CP-SC for tracking channel conditions and transmitting data, the present disclosure realizes the benefits of both OFDM and ODM modulation schemes. CP-SC while minimizing the disadvantages of each.

[0007] According to a first set of illustrative examples, a disclosed method for transmitting data in wireless communication is described. In one example, the method includes generating a first subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on first pilot symbols using a first processing technique. The method may further include generating a second subframe for the transmission based, at least in part, on second pilot symbols using a second processing technique. In such an example, the first processing technique and the second processing technique are different. The illustrative method may further comprise transmitting the first and second subframes.

[0008] In certain examples, the first processing technique may comprise orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and the second processing technique may comprise single carrier with cyclic prefix (CP-SC). Generating the first subframe for transmission may comprise mapping the plurality of first pilot symbols into a grouping of signals. Each signal in the cluster can have equal energy. The method may further comprise converting the grouping of signals from a frequency domain into a time domain by applying an inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) to the plurality of first pilot symbols. In yet another example, generating the second subframe for transmission may comprise inserting a cyclic prefix and the plurality of second pilot symbols into the second subframe.

[0009] In certain examples, the plurality of second pilot symbols may be inserted into the second subframe according to an equal time delay. In yet another example, the plurality of second pilot symbols may be inserted into the second subframe according to an unequal time delay. The first pilot symbols can be used by a receiver to conduct channel estimation. On the other hand, the plurality of second pilot symbols can be used for channel estimation tracking. In some examples, wireless communication operates in an unlicensed frequency spectrum. The unlicensed frequency spectrum may comprise a 60GHz band. In certain examples, the first subframe may be transmitted during a first time period and the second subframe may be transmitted during a second time period. The first and second time periods may be adjacent.

[0010] According to a second set of illustrative embodiments, an example of an apparatus for transmitting data in wireless communication is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise a processor and a memory in electronic communications with the processor. The memory may incorporate instructions, the instructions being executable by the processor to generate a first subframe for transmission based, in part, on first pilot symbols using a first processing technique. Instructions that are executable by the processor may additionally generate a second subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on second pilot symbols using a second processing technique. The first processing technique and the second processing technique may be different. The processor may additionally transmit the first and second subframes. In certain examples, the apparatus may further implement one or more aspects of the method for transmitting data in a wireless communication system described in connection with the first set of illustrative embodiments.

[0011] According to a third set of illustrative embodiments, an example of an apparatus for transmitting data in wireless communication is disclosed. In one example, a first processing module may generate a first subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on first pilot symbols using a first processing technique. In another example, a second processing module may generate a second subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on second pilot symbols using a second processing technique. The first processing technique and the second processing technique may be different. A transmitter module may transmit the first and second subframes. In certain examples, the apparatus may further implement one or more aspects of the method for transmitting data in a wireless communication system described in connection with the first set of illustrative embodiments.

[0012] According to a fourth set of illustrative embodiments, a method for receiving data in a wireless communication system is disclosed. In some examples, the method may comprise receiving, at a receiving device, a first subframe encoded using a first processing technique and a second subframe encoded using a second processing technique during a first and a second periods. time respectively. The method may further comprise estimating initial channel conditions based, in part, on the first pilot symbols, wherein the first pilot symbols are received at the receiving device in the first subframe. Still further, the method may track channel conditions based, in part, on a plurality of second pilot symbols, wherein the plurality of second pilot symbols is received in the second subframe. A plurality of detected data packets may be based in part on channel estimates and in part on channel estimate tracking information.

[0013] In some examples, the first processing technique may comprise orthogonal frequency division multiplexing processing and the second processing technique may comprise cyclic prefix single carrier (CP-SC) processing.

[0014] The foregoing has somewhat broadly outlined the features and technical advantages of the examples according to the disclosure so that the detailed description that follows can be better understood. Additional features and benefits will be described later in this document. The concept and specific examples disclosed can be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures to accomplish the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. The features that are considered characteristic of the concepts disclosed in this document, both as to their organization and method of operation, together with the associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the attached Figures. Each of the Figures is provided for purposes of illustration and description only, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present invention can be perceived by reference to the following drawings. In the accompanying Figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Furthermore, several components of the same type can be distinguished by following the reference label by a dashed line and a second label that is distinguished among similar components. If only the first reference tag is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any of the similar components that have the same first reference tag independent of the second reference tag.

[0016] Figure 1 shows a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary wireless communications system of a transmission device that can be deployed at the base station and/or mobile station, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of an exemplary wireless communications system in accordance with the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 4 shows a block diagram of an exemplary wireless communications system of a transmission device that includes a subframe generation module, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 5 is a block diagram of the receiving device that can be deployed to the base station and/or the mobile device, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 6 is a block diagram of the subframe analysis module, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 7 is a block diagram of the subframe analysis module, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 8 is an example of a mobile device in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 9 is an example of a base station or access point in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 10A is an example of the frame structure based on the hybrid waveform in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 10B is an alternative example of the hybrid waveform-based frame structure in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of providing wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a wireless communication method 2900, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of providing wireless communication configured in the receiving device, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In certain embodiments, a transmitting device (e.g., a base station and/or mobile device) may employ an OFDM processing technique to periodically transmit the first known pilot symbols during a first period of time and a technique cyclic prefix-based single carrier (CP-SC) processing system to transmit data packet during a second period of time. In some examples, channel estimation is based on a block-type pilot arrangement, in which pilot symbols can be inserted on all subcarriers of the OFDM symbol blocks in a specific period. Based in part on such pilot symbols, the receiving device can be configured to estimate the CSI and provide reliable data detection. In still further examples of the present disclosure, scatter pilot symbols may be interleaved (multiplexed) with the data packet based on the CP-SC processing technique. The scatter pilot symbols may allow the receiving device to track channel conditions that follow an initial estimate based on the first known pilot symbols. In some embodiments, transmission between the base station (or access point) and the mobile device may include millimeter wave wireless communication that operates in an unlicensed frequency spectrum.

[0031] By adopting a hybrid waveform comprising an OFDM processing technique for channel estimation and a CP-SC for tracking channel conditions and transmitting data, the present disclosure realizes the benefits of both waveform modulation schemes. OFDM and CP-SC while minimizing the disadvantages of each. Such perceived inventive features significantly overcome the disadvantages of conventional systems and/or methods.

[0032] The techniques described herein can be used for various wireless communications systems such as cellular wireless systems, Point-to-Point wireless communications, wireless local access networks (WLANs), ad hoc networks, wireless communications systems satellite and other systems. The terms “system” and “network” are often used interchangeably. These wireless communications systems may employ a variety of radio communications technology such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA ( OFDMA), Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) and/or other radio technologies. In general, wireless communications are conducted according to a standardized deployment of one or more radio communications technologies called a Radio Access Technology (RAT). A wireless communications system or network that deploys a Radio Access Technology can be called a Radio Access Network (RAN).

[0033] The following description provides examples and is not limiting the scope, applicability or configuration set out in the claims. Changes can be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without deviating from the scope of the disclosure. The various embodiments may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Also, the features described in relation to certain embodiments may be combined in other embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 shows a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system 100, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 includes a plurality of base stations 105 (e.g., eNBs, WLAN access points, or other access points), a plurality of user equipment (UEs) 115, and a core network 130. Some of the base stations 105 may communicate with the UEs 115 through control of a base station controller (not shown), which may be part of the core network 130 or determined one of the base stations 105 in various examples. Some of the base stations 105 may communicate control information and/or user data with the core network 130 via backhaul 132. In some examples, some of the base stations 105 may communicate, directly or indirectly, with each other via backhaul links 134, which may be wired or wireless communication links. The wireless communication system 100 may support operation on multiple carriers (waveform signals of different frequencies). Multi-carrier transmitters can transmit modulated signals simultaneously on multiple carriers. For example, each communication link 125 may be a multicarrier signal modulated in accordance with the various radio technologies described above. Each modulated signal can be sent on a different carrier and can carry control information (e.g. pilot symbols, reference signals, control channels, etc.), overload information, data, etc. System 100 may be a multi-carrier LTE network capable of efficiently allocating network resources.

[0035] The base stations 105 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 115 via one or more base station antennas. Each of the base stations 105 may provide communications coverage for a respective coverage area 110. In some examples, a base station 105 may be referred to as an access point, a base transceiver station (BTS), a base station 105, and a base station 105. a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, a WLAN access point , a WiFi node or some other suitable technology. The coverage area 110 for a base station 105 may be divided into sectors that constitute only a portion of the coverage area (not shown). The wireless communication system 100 may include base stations 105 of different types (e.g., macro, micro, and/or pico base stations). The base stations 105 may also utilize radio technologies, such as cellulase and/or WLAN radio access technologies. The base stations 105 may be associated with the same or different access networks or operator positioning. The coverage areas of different base stations 105, which include the coverage areas of the same or different types of base stations 105, which use the same or different radio technologies and/or which belong to the same or different access networks, may overlap.

[0036] The wireless communications system 100 may be or include a Heterogeneous LTE/LTE-A network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic regions. For example, each base station 105 may provide communications coverage for a macrocell, a picocell, a femtocell, and/or another type of cell. Small cells such as picocells, femtocells, and/or other cell types may include low-power nodes or LPNs. A macrocell covers, for example, a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A picocell would, for example, cover a relatively smaller geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A femtocell would also cover, for example, a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residence) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may also provide unrestricted access by UEs that have an association with the femtocell (e.g., UEs in a subscriber group (CSG), UEs for home users, and the like). An eNB for a macrocell can be referred to as a macro eNB. An eNB for a picocell can be referred to as a peak eNB. And, an eNB for a femtocell can be referred to as a femto eNB or a home eNB. An eNB may support one or multiple (e.g., two, three, four, and the like) cells.

[0037] The core network 130 may communicate with the base stations 105 via a backhaul 132 (e.g., SI application protocol, etc.). The base stations 105 may also communicate with each other, for example, directly or indirectly through backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 application protocol, etc.) and/or through backhaul 132 (e.g., via the network 130 core). The wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the eNBs can have similar port and/or frame timing, and transmissions from different eNBs can be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, eNBs may have different port and/or frame timing, and transmissions from different eNBs may not be time aligned. The techniques described in this document can be used for any of the synchronous or asynchronous operations.

[0038] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 115 may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a mobile device, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client or some other suitable terminology. A UE 115 may be a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a tablet-type computer, a laptop-type computer, a corded telephone, an item that can be worn on the body such as a watch or glasses, a wireless local loop station (WLL), or the like. A UE 115 may have the ability to communicate with macro eNBs, pico eNBs, femto eNBs, relays, and the like. A UE 115 may also have the ability to communicate over different types of access networks, such as cellular or other WWAN access networks or WLAN access networks. In some modes of communicating with a UE 115, communication may be conducted over a plurality of communication links 125 or channels (i.e., component carriers), with each channel or component carrier being established between the UE and a among numerous cells (e.g., serving cells which, in some cases, may be different base stations 105).

[0039] The communication links 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink channels (or component carriers) for carrying uplink (UL) communications (e.g., transmissions from a UE 115 to a base station 105) and/or downlink channels (or component carriers) to carry downlink (DL) communications (e.g., transmissions from a base station 105 to a UE 115). UL communications or transmissions may also be called reverse link communications or transmissions, while DL communications or transmissions may also be called forward link communications or transmissions.

[0040] In certain examples of the present disclosure, a UE 115 may communicate with a serving base station 105 using a millimeter wave (MMW) wireless communication channel that operates in the unlicensed frequency spectrum from 57 to 66 GHz. In other examples, the UE 115 may communicate with the serving base station 105 using released MMW bands at 70, 80 and 90 GHz, including, but not limited to, licensed and unlicensed bands. In certain embodiments, a transmitting device (e.g., base station 105 and/or UE 115) may transmit control information (e.g., pilot symbols) to a receiving device (e.g., base station 105 and/or UE 115) via a communication link 125 using an OFDM processing technique. The receiving device may estimate channel conditions between the transmitting device and the receiving device based, at least in part, on the received pilot symbols. The transmission device may further transmit a plurality of scatter pilot symbols (second pilot symbols) interspersed with data packets over the wireless channel using a CP-SC processing technique. Scatter pilot symbols can make channel estimation tracking easier.

[0041] Figure 2 shows a block diagram 200 of an apparatus 205 for use in wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the apparatus 205 may be an example of a transmission device, for example, one or more of the base stations 105 and/or UEs 115 described with reference to Figure 1. The apparatus 205 may also be a processor. Apparatus 205 may include a transmit device receiver module 210, a frame management module 215, and/or a transmit device transmitter module 220. Each of these components may be in communication with each other.

[0042] The components of the apparatus 205 may, individually or collectively, be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable hardware functions. Alternatively, the functions may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) on one or more integrated circuits. In other examples, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The functions of each unit can also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embedded in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more application-specific or general processors.

[0043] Transmission device receiver module 210 may be used to receive various types of data and/or control signals (i.e., transmissions, pilot symbols) over one or more communication links of a wireless communication system. wire, such as one or more communication links 125 of the wireless communication system 100 described with reference to Figure 1. The transmitting device receiver module 210 may additionally receive receive data and/or control signals from internal components (not shown) of the transmitting device 205. The transmitting device receiver module 210 may receive information such as packet, data, and/or signaling information via signal 202. The received information may be utilized by the frame management module 215 to establish communication with a receiving device, such as at least one or more other UEs 115 and/or base stations in communication with the transmitting device 205 described with reference to Figure 1.

[0044] The frame management module 215 may be used to control the receipt of wireless communications through the transmitting device receiver module 210 and/or to control the transmission of wireless communications through the transmitter module. transmitting device 315. Controlling the wireless communications transmission of the transmitting device transmitter module 220 may comprise generating a plurality of frames and subframes based, in part, on control information (e.g., pilot symbols) and a plurality of data packets obtained from the transmitting device receiver module 210 via signal 204. The frame management module 215 may identify each of the received types of data and/or control signals and generate subframes accordingly. with at least one of a plurality of processing techniques known in the art. In certain examples, the processing techniques may comprise an OFDM and/or CP-SC processing technique configured to generate subframes based, in part, on the type of information identified. The generated subframes can be forwarded to the transmission device transmitter module 220 via signal 206 to be modulated over the wireless channel.

[0045] The transmission device transmitter module 220 may include at least one RF transmitter. Transmitter module 220 may be used to transmit various types of data and/or control signals (i.e., broadcasts, pilot symbols) over one or more communication links of a wireless communication system, such as one or more communication system 125 of the wireless communication system 100 described with reference to Figure 1 in accordance with the hybrid waveforms described in the present disclosure. The transmitter module 220 may transmit information such as packets, data, and/or signaling information based, in part, on the frames generated and subframes prepared by the frame management module 215 via the communication link 208.

[0046] Figure 3 shows a block diagram 300 of a device 205-a for use in wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, apparatus 205-a may be an example of the transmission device 205 described with reference to Figure 2. Apparatus 205-a may also be a processor. Apparatus 205-a may include a transmitting device receiver module 210-a, a frame management module 215 and/or a transmitting device transmitter module 220-a as described with reference to Figure 2. According With the present disclosure, the frame management module 215-a may additionally include a packet identification module 305 and/or a subframe generation module 310. Each of these components may be in communication with each other.

[0047] The components of device 205-a may, individually or collectively, be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable hardware functions. Alternatively, the functions may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) on one or more integrated circuits. In other examples, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The functions of each unit can also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embedded in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more application-specific or general processors.

[0048] In one embodiment, the transmission device receiver module 210-a and the transmission device transmitter module 220-a may operate and function as previously described with reference to Figure 2. In some examples, the transmission device receiver module 220-a transmit device 210-a may forward various types of data and/or control signals (i.e., broadcasts, pilot symbols) received at receiver module 205-a via signal 302 to frame management module 215-a via communication link 304. In some examples, the packet identification module 305 may identify and distinguish various types of data and/or control signals into a plurality of regular pilot symbols (first pilot symbols), a plurality of pilot symbols scatter (second pilot symbols) and a plurality of data packets. The packet identification module 305 may forward the identified pilot symbols and data packets to the subframe generation module 310 via the communication link 306 for processing.

[0049] In certain embodiments, the subframe generation module 310 may receive a plurality of identified pilot symbols and a plurality of identified data packets. The subframe generation module 310 may prepare frames and/or a plurality of subframes according to one of a plurality of processing techniques. The plurality of processing techniques may comprise one or more of multiple carrier OFDM and/or CP-SC processing techniques. In certain examples, the subframe generation module 310 may generate a first subframe using the multi-carrier OFDM processing technique based on the identified regular pilot symbols. In yet a further example, the subframe generation module 310 may generate a second subframe using a CP-SC processing technique based, in part, on the identified data packet and a plurality of scatter pilot symbols. . The subframe generation module 310 may generate a plurality of subframes in accordance with at least one of the processing techniques and may forward the generated subframes to the transmission device transmitter module 220-a via the communication link 308. transmitter module 220-a may modulate the subframes generated via the wireless channel 312 using any of the known modulation techniques including, but not limited to, phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). ), frequency shift keying (FSK) and/or amplitude shift keying (ASK).

[0050] Figure 4 shows a block diagram 400 of a device 310-a for use in wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the apparatus 310-a may be an example of the subframe generation module 310 described with reference to Figure 3. Figure 4 also shows block diagrams of the packet identification module 305-a and a device transmitter module. 220-b transmitter. In some examples, the packet identification module 305-a may be an example of the packet identification module 305 described with reference to Figure 3. Similarly, the transmission device transmitter module 220-b may be an example of the packet identification module 305-b. of transmitter 220 described with reference to Figure 2 and/or Figure 3. Apparatus 310-a may also be a processor. Apparatus 310-a may include a regular pilot store 405, data store 410, scatter pilot store 415, OFDM processing submodule 420, single carrier processing submodule 425, interleaved submodule 430, and/or a data insertion submodule. cyclic prefix 435. Each of these components can be in communication with each other.

[0051] The components of device 310-a may, individually or collectively, be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable hardware functions. Alternatively, the functions may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) on one or more integrated circuits. In other examples, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The functions of each unit can also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embedded in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more application-specific or general processors.

[0052] In one embodiment, the subframe generation module 310-a may receive a plurality of regular pilot symbols (first pilot symbols), a plurality of data packets, and a plurality of scatter pilot symbols (second pilot symbols). as identified by packet identification module 305-a through communication links 306-a, 306b and 306-c. The subframe generation module 310-a may temporarily store received regular pilot symbols in regular pilot storage 405, data packets in data storage 410, and scatter pilot symbols in scatter pilot storage 415 respectively. Regular pilot storage 405, data storage 410, and scatter pilot storage 415 may incorporate any suitable storage systems including, but not limited to, temporary stores, Random Access Memory (RAM), and/or queues.

[0053] In some examples, regular pilot symbols configured to facilitate channel estimation are stored in regular pilot storage 405 before being forwarded to the OFDM processing submodule 420 via communications link 402. The OFDM processing submodule OFDM 420 may receive a plurality of regular pilot symbols in the frequency domain and may apply OFDM processing to generate a plurality of first subframes. In some examples, OFDM processing may include, for example, mapping the plurality of received regular pilot symbols into a group of signals using known mapping schemes. Each signal in the cluster can have equal energy. The mapped signal cluster can then be converted from a frequency domain to a time domain, for example, by an inverse fast fourier transform. The converted signal grouping can then be routed to a cyclic prefix insertion submodule 435 via communication link 412 for insertion of a CP into the OFDM pilot symbol block.

[0054] In certain examples, the cyclic prefix insertion submodule 435 can insert a cyclic prefix (CP) in every block according to the system specification. The insertion of a CP into the generated subframes allows the transmitted signal to maintain orthogonal characteristics under severe transmission conditions. A CP can be a repeat of the last data symbols of a block and can be appended to prevent contamination of a block through intersymbol interference (ISI) from the previous block. Following insertion of a CP, the generated subframe can be forwarded via communication link 416 to the transmitter module of transmitting device 220-b to be modulated into a multi-carrier channel for the receiving device.

[0055] In still other examples, data packets, as identified by packet identification module 305-a, and configured for transmission on the wireless channel may be stored in data storage 410 before being processed by the processing submodule of single carrier 425. Similarly, scatter pilot symbols configured to facilitate channel estimation tracking may be stored in scatter pilot storage 415. As opposed to regular pilot symbols, the plurality of data packets and scatter pilot symbols obtained by single carrier processing submodule 425 may be in the time domain. Single carrier processing submodule 425 may receive a plurality of data packets via communications link 404 and a plurality of scatter pilot symbols via communications link 408. However, prior to their transmission to the processing submodule 425. single carrier processing 425, the scatter pilot symbols may first be routed through an interleaved submodule 430 via communication link 406. The interleaved submodule 430 may route the plurality of scatter pilot symbols for insertion into the scatter pilot subframes. data at a predetermined time delay. In some examples, the predetermined time delay may be a delay period of equal duration. In yet another example, the time delay may be pseudorandom or dynamically adjustable.

[0056] The single carrier processing submodule 425 can process a plurality of time domain data packets and scatter pilot symbols in accordance with the second processing technique. In one example, the second processing technique may comprise SC. The single carrier processing submodule 425 may generate a plurality of second subframes based, in part, on received data packets and a plurality of scatter pilots. The generated subframes can be forwarded to the cyclic prefix insertion submodule 435 via communication link 414. The cyclic prefix insertion submodule 435 can insert a CP into each received block according to the system specification and can forward the subframes generated from CP-SC via communication link 416 to the transmitter module of transmitting device 220-b for modulation on a multi-carrier channel to the receiving device.

[0057] Figure 5 shows a block diagram 500 of an apparatus 505 for use in wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the apparatus 505 may be an example of a receiving device, for example, one or more of the base stations 105 and/or UEs 115 described with reference to Figure 1. The apparatus 505 may also be a processor. Apparatus 505 may include a receiving device receiver module 510, a subframe analysis module 715, and/or a receiving device transmitter module 520. Each of these components may be in communication with each other.

[0058] The components of apparatus 505 may, individually or collectively, be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable hardware functions. Alternatively, the functions may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) on one or more integrated circuits. In other examples, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The functions of each unit can also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embedded in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more application-specific or general processors.

[0059] The receiving device receiver module 510 can be used to receive various types of data and/or control signals (i.e., transmissions, pilot symbols) over communication links of a wireless communication system, such as one or more communication links 125 of the wireless communication system 100 described with reference to Figure 1. The receiver module 510 may additionally receive data and/or control signals from internal components (not shown) of the receiving device 505. receiver module 510 may receive information such as packet, data and/or signaling information via signal 502. The received information may be used by subframe analysis module 515 to establish communication with transmission device 205 as described with reference to Figure 2 and/or Figure 3.

[0060] The subframe analysis module 515 may be used to control the receipt of wireless communications via the receiver module 510 and/or to demodulate the received control signals (pilot symbols) and data packets according to various aspects of the present revelation. In some examples, the subframe analysis module 515 may be configured to analyze a plurality of frames and subframes based, in part, on control information (e.g., pilot symbols) and a plurality of data packets obtained from the receiving device receiver module 510 via communications link 504. The subframe analysis module 515 can identify each of the received types of data and/or control signals to estimate and track channel conditions between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Each of the transmitting device and/or the receiving device may be at least one or more base stations and/or UEs as described with reference to Figure 1.

[0061] The receiving device transmitter module 520 may include at least one RF transmitter. The receiving device transmitter module 520 may be used to transmit various types of data and/or control signals (i.e., broadcasts, pilot symbols) over one or more communication links of a wireless communication system, such as one or more communication links 125 of the wireless communication system 100 described with reference to Figure 1 in accordance with the hybrid waveforms described in the present disclosure.

[0062] Figure 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a device 515-a, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, apparatus 515-a may be an example of the subframe analysis module 515 described with reference to Figure 5. Apparatus 515-a may also be a processor. Apparatus 515-a may include a cyclic prefix removal submodule 605, fast fourier transform submodule 610, channel estimation submodule 615, frequency domain equalization submodule 620, channel tracking submodule 625, transform submodule inverse fast fourier module 630 and detection submodule 635. Each of these components may be in communication with each other.

[0063] The components of device 515-a may, individually or collectively, be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable hardware functions. Alternatively, the functions may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) on one or more integrated circuits. In other examples, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The functions of each unit can also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embedded in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more application-specific or general processors.

[0064] In some embodiments, the subframe analysis module 515-a may receive a plurality of symbols from the transmission device over a wireless channel. The received symbols may be forwarded to the subframe analysis module 515-a via communication link 602 between the subframe analysis module 515-a and the receiving device receiver module 520 as described with reference to Figure 5. received signal 602 may reflect the time domain of the received frame and/or packet that reflects channel corruptions, phase noise, and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The cyclic prefix removal submodule 605 may remove the attached CP from each of the received symbols before transmitting the symbols to the fast fourier transform submodule 610 via communication link 604. fast fourier symbol 610 may convert the received time domain symbols into frequency domain symbols to allow the channel estimation submodule 615 and the channel tracking submodule 625 to conduct channel estimation.

[0065] Regular pilot symbols derived from the conversion of regular pilot symbols received from time domain to frequency domain can be forwarded to channel estimation submodule 615 via communication link 606. Similarly, scatter pilot symbols can be forwarded to channel tracking submodule 625 via link 612 for frequency domain conversion processing. Each of the channel estimation submodule 615 and channel tracking submodule 625 may extract the pilot symbols from the received signal, for example, through correlation, and determine the channel estimate based, in part, on the received pilot symbols. On some occasions, the channel estimation submodule 615 may multiply the received pilot symbols with a complex conjugate of the known pilot symbols to obtain channel state information of the wireless channel between the transmitting device and the receiving device. The channel estimation submodule 615 may estimate the channel for all 512 subcarriers based on the first two blocks in the frequency domain and may apply the channel estimation to the received frame/packet. In the additional example, the channel estimation submodule 615 and the channel tracking submodule 625 may estimate channel conditions based on any of the Least Squares (LS), Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), or Least Mean Square estimators. (LMS) to determine the best estimate of the amplitude and phase errors for each of the transmission frequencies. Similarly, the received scatter pilot symbols may be processed by the channel tracking submodule 625 to track channel conditions that follow the channel estimate based, in part, on the regular pilot symbols. In certain examples, channel estimates may be provided with a frequency domain equalizer submodule 620 via communication links 614 and 616 in order to provide reliable data detection. According to the present disclosure, signal 616 can provide frequency domain estimated phase noise for the received frame/packet.

[0066] In some examples, the frequency domain equalization submodule 620 may receive data symbols from the fast fourier transform submodule 610 via communication link 608. The frequency domain equalization submodule may further receive , channel estimates from the channel estimation submodule 615 via communication link 614 and channel tracking submodule 625 via link 616. Based in part on the estimated channel conditions, the channel tracking submodule 625 via link 616. frequency 620 can correct distortions introduced by the channel by applying specific amplitude and phase corruptions to each of the frequencies used. The corrected signal is therefore routed to the inverse fast fourier transform submodule 630 via link 618 to convert the signal from the frequency domain back to the time domain. According to the illustrated embodiment, signal 618 may reflect received data in the frequency domain compensated for channel fading and phase noise. On some occasions, the 618 signal may comprise AWGN noise. The converted time domain signal is transmitted from the inverse fast fourier transform submodule 630 to the detection submodule 635 via communication link 622 in order to detect the undistorted data packets received at the receiving device. In some examples, signal 622 may reflect the original transmitted data recorded in the AWGN noisy time domain. In still other embodiments, signal 622 may be the original transmitted data recorded in the time domain with compensated AWGN noise.

[0067] Figure 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 515-b, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, apparatus 515-b may be an example of the subframe analysis module 710 described with reference to Figure 5. Apparatus 515-b may also be a processor. Apparatus 515-b may include a cyclic prefix removal submodule 705, channel jitter compensation submodule 710, channel tracking submodule 715, fast fourier transform submodule 720, frequency domain equalization submodule 725, submodule channel estimation 730, inverse fast fourier transform submodule 735, and detection submodule 740. Each of these components may be in communication with each other.

[0068] The components of device 710-b may, individually or collectively, be implemented using one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) adapted to perform some or all of the applicable hardware functions. Alternatively, the functions may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) on one or more integrated circuits. In other examples, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The functions of each unit can also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embedded in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more application-specific or general processors.

[0069] In some embodiments, the subframe analysis module 515-b may receive a plurality of symbols from the transmission device over a wireless channel. The received symbols may be forwarded to the subframe analysis module 515-b via communication link 702 between the subframe analysis module 515-b and the receiving device receiver module 510 as described with reference to Figure 5. received signal 702 may comprise a time domain reflected frame/packet comprising any number of channel corruption, phase noise and/or AWGN noise. The cyclic prefix removal submodule 705 may remove the attached CP from each of the received symbols before transmitting the scatter pilot symbols to the channel tracking submodule 715 via communication link 706. In such examples, the symbols may be routed from the cyclic prefix removal submodule 705 to the channel jitter compensation submodule 710 via communication link 704. In some examples of the present disclosure, channel scanning can be performed in the time domain. The channel tracking submodule 715 may extract scatter pilot symbols from the received signal, for example, through correlation, and determine the channel estimate based, in part, on the received pilot symbols. The channel tracking submodule 715 may further track channel conditions based in part on scatter pilot symbols and forward the channel tracking conditions to the channel jitter compensation submodule 710 via communication link 708 .

[0070] In some examples, the channel jitter compensation submodule 710 may compensate received symbols and/or subframes based on channel conditions tracked by the channel tracking submodule 715. The channel jitter compensation submodule 710 may further forward the compensated symbols and/or subframes to the fast fourier transform submodule 720 via communication link 712. Signal 712 provides a time domain frame/packet compensated for the various channel corruptions, phase noise, and AGWN to the fast fourier transform submodule 720. The fast fourier transform submodule 720 may convert the received time domain compensated symbols into frequency domain symbols to allow the channel estimation submodule 730 to conduct channel estimation. On some occasions, the channel estimation submodule 730 may multiply the received pilot symbols with a complex conjugate of the known pilot symbols to obtain channel state information of the wireless channel between the transmitting device and the receiving device.

[0071] Still in the further example, the channel estimation submodule 730 can estimate channel conditions based on any of the Least Squares (LS), Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) or Least Mean Square (LMS) estimators for determine the best estimate of amplitude and phase errors for each of the transmission frequencies. Channel estimates may be provided with a frequency domain equalizer submodule 725 via communication links 718 in order to provide reliable data detection.

[0072] In some examples, frequency domain equalization submodule 725 may receive data symbols from fast fourier transform submodule 720 via communication link 714. Based, in part, on estimated channel conditions, the Frequency domain equalization submodule 725 can correct distortions introduced by the channel by applying specific amplitude and phase corruptions to each of the frequencies used. The corrected signal can therefore be routed to the inverse fast fourier transform submodule 735 via link 722 to convert the signal from a frequency domain back to the time domain. In some examples, the converted time domain signals may be transmitted from the inverse fast fourier transform submodule 735 to the detection submodule 740 via communication link 724 in order to detect the undistorted data packets received at the device. receipt.

[0073] Figure 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a UE 115-a configured for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 115-a may have various configurations and may be included in or part of a personal computer (e.g., a laptop-type computer, netbook-type computer, tablet-type computer, etc.), a cell phone, a PDA , a digital video recorder (DVR), an internet application, a game console, e-reader, etc. The UE 115-a may, in some cases, have an internal power source (not shown), such as a small battery, to facilitate mobile operation. In some embodiments, the UE 115-a may be an example of one or more aspects of one of the devices 115 described with reference to Figure 1. The UE 115-a may be configured to implement at least some of the features and functions described with reference to Figure 1. reference to Figure 1, 2, 3 and/or Figure 5. The UE 115-a may be configured to communicate with one or more of the access points or devices 105 described with reference to Figure 1 and/or Figure 2.

[0074] The UE 115-a may include a UE processor module 810, a UE memory module 820, at least one transceiver module (represented by the UE transceiver module(s) 830), the at least one antenna (represented by antenna(s) 840), frame management module 215-b, and/or a subframe analysis module 515-c. Each of these components can be in communication with each other, directly or indirectly, through one or more 835 buses.

[0075] The UE memory module 820 may include random access memory (RAM) and/or read-only memory (ROM). The UE memory module 820 may store computer-readable, computer-executable software code (SW) 825 that contains instructions that are configured to, when executed, cause the UE processor module 810 to perform the various functions described in this document for communication via a wireless communications system. Alternatively, software code 825 may not be directly executable by UE processor module 810, but may be configured to cause UE 115-a (e.g., when compiled and executed), to perform various functions described herein. .

[0076] The UE processor module 810 may include an intelligent hardware device, e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an ASIC, etc. The UE processor module 810 may process information received through the transceiver module(s) 830 and/or information to be sent to the UE transceiver module(s) 830 via the antenna(s). (s) of UE 840. The processor module of UE 810 can handle various aspects of communication over a wireless communications system.

[0077] The UE transceiver module(s) 830 may include a modem configured to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the UE antenna(s) 840 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the UE antenna(s) 1040. The UE transceiver module(s) 830 may, in some cases, be deployed as one or more transmitter modules and a or more separate receiver modules. The UE transceiver module(s) 830 may support communications in a first spectrum, such as a WWAN or cellular spectrum, and in a second spectrum, such as a WLAN spectrum. The transceiver module(s) 830 may be configured to communicate bidirectionally, via the antenna(s) 840, with one or more of the access points or devices 105 (e.g., eNBs and/or WLAN access points) described with reference to Figure 1. Although the UE 115-a may include a single antenna, there may be embodiments in which the UE 115-a may include multiple UE 840 antennas.

[0078] The frame management module 215-b may be an example of one or more aspects of the frame management module 215 described with reference to Figure 2 and/or 3. The frame management module 215-b may be configured to generate subframes based, in part, on a hybrid waveform comprising regular OFDM-based pilot symbols, and CP-SC-based scatter pilot symbols and data packets. The frame management module 215-b, or portions thereof, may include a processor, and/or some or all of the functionality of the frame management module 215-b may be performed by the UE processor module 810 and/or in connection with the UE 810 processor module.

[0079] Similarly, the subframe analysis module 515-c may be an example of one or more aspects of the subframe analysis module 515 as described with reference to Figure 7 and/or 8. The subframe management module 515- c may be configured to receive and analyze a plurality of symbols received over the wireless channel to conduct channel estimation and data detection in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The subframe analysis module 515-c, or portions thereof, may include a processor, and/or some or all of the functionality of the subframe analysis module 515-c may be performed by the UE processor module 810 and/or in connection with the UE 810 processor module.

[0080] Figure 9 shows a block diagram 900 illustrating a WLAN access point 105-a configured for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the WLAN access point 105-a may be an example of one or more aspects of one of the access points or devices 105 described with reference to Figure 1. The WLAN access point 105-a may be configured to implement at least some of the features and functions described with reference to Figure 1. The WLAN access point 105-a may include an AP processor module 910, an AP memory module 920, at least one transceiver module (represented by AP transceiver module(s) 955), at least one antenna (represented by AP antenna(s) 960), a frame management module 215-c and/or a 515-d subframe analysis. Each of these components can be in communication with each other, directly or indirectly, through one or more 935 buses.

[0081] The AP 920 memory module may include RAM and/or ROM. The AP memory module 920 may store computer-readable, computer-executable software code (SW) 925 that contains instructions that are configured to, when executed, cause the AP processor module 910 to perform the various functions described in this document. Alternatively, software code 925 may not be directly executable by AP processor module 910, but may be configured to cause WLAN access point 105-a (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform various functions. described in this document.

[0082] The AP processor module 910 may include an intelligent hardware device, e.g., a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, etc. The AP processor module 910 may process information received through the AP transceiver module(s) 955 and/or the network communications module 940. The AP processor module 910 may also process information to be sent to the AP transceiver module(s) 955 for transmission through AP antenna(s) 960 or to network communications module 940 for transmission to a network 945 (e.g., the Internet, or a core network such as the core network 130 described with reference to Figure 1).

[0083] The AP transceiver module(s) 955 may include a modem configured to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the AP antenna(s) 960 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the AP antenna(s) 960. The AP transceiver module(s) 955 may, in some cases, be deployed as one or more transmitter modules and a or more separate receiver modules. The AP transceiver module(s) 955 may support communications in a first spectrum, such as a WLAN spectrum, and, in some cases, a second spectrum, such as a WWAN spectrum. The AP transceiver module(s) 955 may be configured to communicate bidirectionally, via the AP antenna(s) 960, with one or more of the UEs or devices 115 described with reference to Figure 1 and/or 2, for example. The WLAN access point 105-b may typically include multiple AP 960 antennas (e.g., an antenna array). The WLAN access point 105-a may communicate with the network(s) 130-a via the network communications manager module 940.

[0084] The frame management module 215-c may be an example of one or more aspects of the frame management module 215 described with reference to Figure 3 and/or 3. The frame management module 215-c may be configured to generate subframes based, in part, on a hybrid waveform comprising regular pilot symbols based on OFDM-based regular pilot symbols and CP-SC data packets. The frame management module 215-c, or portions thereof, may include a processor, and/or some or all of the functionality of the frame management module 215-c may be performed by the AP processor module 910 and/or in connection with the AP 1110 processor module.

[0085] Similarly, the subframe analysis module 515-d may be an example of one or more aspects of the subframe analysis module 515 as described with reference to Figure 5 and/or 6. The subframe management module 515- d may be configured to receive and analyze the plurality of symbols received over the wireless channel to conduct channel estimation and data detection in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The subframe analysis module 515-d, or portions thereof, may include a processor, and/or some or all of the functionality of the subframe analysis module 515-d may be performed by the AP processor module 910 and/or in connection with the AP 910 processor module.

[0086] Figures 10A and 10B show an example of a 1000-a frame structure based on the hybrid waveform in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the frame structure 1005-a-n, 1005-b may be exemplary of one or more frames generated by various aspects of the frame management module 215 described with reference to Figures 2 and/or 3. The frames in accordance with The present disclosure may be divided into a plurality of subframes or blocks 1005-a-n, 1005-b. Each frame 1000, 1000-a may contain 8 or 16 subframes and/or blocks 1005-a-1, 1005-a-2, 1005-a-n, wherein each subframe comprises 512 modulation symbols.

[0087] Referring to Figure 10A, in certain embodiments, the frame management module may generate a first subframe 1010-a-1 based, at least in part, on regular pilot symbols using an OFDM processing technique. In some examples, regular pilot subframes 1010-a-1, 1010-a-2 may extend the first two subframe blocks 1005-a-1, 1005-a-2 during the first time period. In yet another example, with reference to Figure 10B, the regular pilot subframe 1010-b may transmit only on the first subframe 1005-b during a shortened first period of time. In the above examples, each subframe block 1005-a-1, 1005-a-2 may comprise 512 regular pilots carrying modulation symbols. The regular pilot subframe and/or blocks may be repeated every 16 blocks.

[0088] In certain examples illustrated in Figures 10A and 10B, a frame management module of the transmitting device may generate a second subframe 1005-a-3 using a CP-SC processing technique during a second period of time. . The second subframe 1005-a-3 may be based, at least in part, on a plurality of data packets 1015-a-1, 1015-a-n and a plurality of scatter pilot symbols 1020-a-1, 1020-a-n . Similar to regular pilot blocks, data blocks can comprise 512 modulation symbols in each data block. In some examples, scatter pilot symbols 1020-a-1, 1020-a-n may be interleaved, inserted or multiplexed between the plurality of data packets 1015-a-1, 1015-a-n at equal time delay as illustrated in Figure 10A. . On such occasions, scatter pilot symbols 1020-a-1, 1020-a-n may be interspersed every 64 data modulation symbols with each block. As a result, each data block can comprise eight pilot scatter symbols 1020-a-1, 1020-a-n. In a further or alternative example, scatter pilot symbols 1220 may be multiplexed into data packets 1015-a-1, 1015-a-n at the varying time delay as illustrated in Figure 10B.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the receiving device may receive frames 1000, 1000-a. The subframe analysis module as discussed with reference to Figures 5, 6, 7, 8 and/or Figure 9 may receive a plurality of first subframes 1005-a-1, 1005-a-2 encoded using the OFDM processing comprising a plurality of regular pilot symbols 1010-a-1, 1010-a-2 during the first period of time. In some examples, the receiving device may additionally receive a plurality of second subframes 1005-a-3, 1005-a-n encoded using the CP-SC processing technique based, in part, on the plurality of data packets 1015 -a-n and 1020-a-n scatter pilots. The subframe analysis module may decode the received frame 1000, 1000-a and estimate channel conditions based, in part, on the received regular pilot symbols 1010-a-1 and/or 1010-a-2. The subframe analysis module may additionally track channel conditions based, at least in part, on scatter pilots 1020-a-n interspersed in data packet 1015-a-n. Based on the estimated and tracked channel conditions, the subframe analysis module can be configured to reliably detect the 1015-a-n data packets and adjust for any distortions that may be introduced during data transmission.

[0090] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method 1100 for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. For the sake of clarity, method 1100 is described below with reference to aspects of one or more of the transmission devices. In some examples, a base station or access point or a mobile device may execute one or more sets of codes to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below.

[0091] In block 1105, method 1100 may include generating a first subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on a plurality of first pilot symbols using a first processing technique. At block 1110, the method may further include generating a second subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on a plurality of second pilot symbols using a second processing technique. The first processing technique and the second processing technique may be different. The operation(s) of block 1105 and/or 1110 may be performed by the subframe management module 310 described with reference to Figures 3, 4, 8 and/or 9.

[0092] In block 1115, method 1100 may additionally include transmitting the first and second subframes. The operation(s) of block 1115 may be performed by the transmission module 210 described with reference to Figures 2, 3, 4, 8 and/or 9.

[0093] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method 1200 for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. For the sake of clarity, method 1200 is described below with reference to aspects of one or more of the transmission devices 205 described with reference to Figure 1 and/or 2. In some examples, a base station or access point or a device mobile may execute one or more sets of codes to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below.

[0094] In block 1205, method 1200 may include identifying a plurality of first pilot symbols, a plurality of second pilot symbols, and a plurality of data packets for transmission over a wireless channel. In some examples, identifying a plurality of first pilot symbols, a plurality of second pilot symbols, and a plurality of data packets may comprise distinguishing each of the received signals from the frames configured for transmission. The operation(s) in block 1205 may be performed by the frame management module 215 described with reference to Figures 2, 8 and/or 9, and/or by the packet identification module 305 described with reference to Figures 3 and/or 4.

[0095] In block 1210, method 1200 may further include providing the subframe generation module of the identified first and second pilot symbols and data packets. At block 1215, the method may comprise generating a first subframe using the OFDM processing technique based, at least in part, on the first pilot symbols. At block 1220, the method may further include generating a second subframe using the CP-SC processing technique based, at least in part, on the second pilot symbols inserted into the plurality of data packets. The operation(s) of blocks 1210, 1215 and/or 1220 may be performed using the package identification module 305 and the subframe generation module 310 as described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0096] In block 1225, method 1200 may comprise inserting a plurality of second pilot symbols into the plurality of data packets at the equal time delay. The operation(s) of block 1325 may be performed using interleaved submodule 430 as described with reference to Figure 4. Finally, in block 1230, method 1200 may additionally include transmitting the first and second subframes. The operation(s) of block 1230 may be performed by the transmission module 220 described with reference to Figures 2, 3, 4, 8 and/or 9.

[0097] Figure 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method 1300 for wireless communication configured in the receiving device, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. For the sake of clarity, method 1300 is described below with reference to aspects of one or more of the receiving devices described with reference to Figure 1, 8 and/or Figure 9. In some examples, a base station or access point or a mobile device may execute one or more sets of codes to control functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below.

[0098] In block 1305, the method 1300 may comprise receiving, at the receiving device, a first subframe encoded using the first processing technique and a second subframe encoded using the second processing technique during a first and a second time periods respectively. The operation(s) of block 1305 may be performed using the receiving device receiver module 510 as described with reference to Figure 5.

[0099] In block 1310, the method may further comprise estimating initial channel conditions based, in part, on a plurality of first pilot symbols. The first pilot symbols may be received, at the receiving device, in the first subframe. The operation(s) of block 1310 may be performed using channel estimation submodule 615 and/or 730 as described with reference to Figure 6 and/or 7.

[0100] In block 1315, the method may further comprise tracking channel conditions based, in part, on a plurality of second pilot symbols. The plurality of second pilot symbols are received in the second subframe. The operation(s) of block 1315 may be performed using channel tracking submodule 625 and/or 715 as described with reference to Figure 6 and/or. Finally, in block 1320, method 1300 may comprise detecting a plurality of data packets based, in part, on channel estimates. The operation(s) of block 1320 may be performed using the detection submodule 635, 740 as described with reference to Figure 6 and/or 7.

[0101] The detailed description set forth above in conjunction with the attached drawings describes exemplary modalities and does not represent only those modalities that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "exemplary" used throughout this description means "serving as an example, occurrence or illustration", and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other embodiments". The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the techniques described. These techniques, however, can be practiced without these specific details. On some occasions, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described embodiments.

[0102] Information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of technologies and techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or by particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0103] The various illustrative blocks and modules described in conjunction with the present disclosure may be implemented or realized with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gates (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PDL), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in this document. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be deployed as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0104] The functions described in this document can be implemented in hardware, software, executed by a firmware processor or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, functions can be stored or transmitted through one or more instructions or codes in a computer-readable medium. Other examples and other implementations are within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described above may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, physical connections, or combinations of any of these. Resources that deploy functions can also be physically located in multiple locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functions are deployed in different physical locations. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items introduced by "at least one of" indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of "at least one of , B or C" means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (that is, A and B and C).

[0105] Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communications media which includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose processor or specific-purpose computer. By way of example and without limitation, computer-readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carrying or storing the desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or specific-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or specific-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared , radio and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Magnetic disc and optical disc as used herein include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disc, and Blu-ray disc, where magnetic discs typically play data magnetically, while optical discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the foregoing are also included in the scope of computer-readable media.

[0106] The foregoing description of the disclosure is provided to enable a person skilled in the art to reproduce or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Throughout this disclosure, the term "example" or "exemplary" indicates an example or occurrence and does not imply or require any preference for the example noted. Accordingly, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and projects described in this document, but must be within the broadest scope consistent with the principles and innovative features disclosed in this document.

Claims (13)

1. Method for transmitting data in a wireless communication characterized by: generating (1215) a first subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on a plurality of first pilot symbols using a first processing technique, the first subframe generated containing at least one cyclic prefix; generating (1220) a second subframe for transmission based, at least in part, on a plurality of second pilot symbols using a second processing technique, the generated second subframe containing at least one cyclic prefix, wherein the first processing technique and the second processing technique are different, and in which the plurality of second pilot symbols are interleaved within the time domain data packets in the second subframe, using an irregular pattern; and transmitting (1230) the first and second subframes. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first processing technique comprises orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM. 3. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second processing technique comprises a single carrier with a cyclic prefix, CP-SC. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the first subframe for transmission comprises: mapping the plurality of first pilot symbols into a grouping of signals, wherein each signal in the grouping has equal energy; and converting the grouping of signals from a frequency domain to a time domain by applying an inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT, to the plurality of first pilot symbols. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the cyclic prefix contained within the first generated subframe includes a repetition of at least one of the first pilot symbols of the first generated subframe, and the cyclic prefix contained within the second subframe generated includes a repetition of at least one of the second pilot symbols or at least one of the time domain data packets of the second generated subframe. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first pilot symbols are used by a receiver to conduct channel estimation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of second pilot symbols is used for channel estimation tracking. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless communication operates in an unlicensed frequency spectrum. 9. Method according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the unlicensed frequency spectrum comprises a 60GHz band. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first subframe is transmitted during a first period of time and the second subframe is transmitted during a second period of time. 11. Method according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the first and second time periods are adjacent. 12. Apparatus (205, 205-a) for transmitting data in a wireless communication characterized by comprising: a first processing module (310) for generating a first subframe for transmission based at least in part on a plurality of first pilot symbols using a first processing technique, the first generated subframe containing at least one cyclic prefix; a second processing module (310) for generating a second subframe for transmission based at least in part on a plurality of second pilot symbols using a second processing technique, the generated second subframe containing at least one cyclic prefix, wherein the first processing technique and the second processing technique are different, and wherein the plurality of second pilot symbols are interleaved within time domain data packets in the second subframe, using an irregular pattern; and a transmitter module (220-a) for transmitting the first and second subframes. 13. Method for receiving data in a wireless communication characterized by: receiving (1305), in a receiving device, a first subframe encoded using a first processing technique, the first subframe containing at least one cyclic prefix, and a second subframe encoded using a second processing technique, the second subframe containing at least one cyclic prefix, during a first and second time period respectively. estimating (1310) initial channel conditions based in part on a plurality of first pilot symbols, wherein the first pilot symbols are received, at the receiving device, in the first subframe; track (1315) channel conditions based in part on a plurality of second pilot symbols, wherein the plurality of second pilot symbols are received in the second subframe, and wherein the plurality of second pilot symbols are interleaved within data packets of time domain in the second subframe, using an irregular pattern; and detecting (1320) a plurality of data packets based in part on the channel estimates and in part on channel estimate trace information.