BR112012004132B1 - METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RELEASING A CHEMICAL PRODUCT IN A WELL HOLE, AND APPARATUS FOR PUTTING CEMENT IN A WELL HOLE - Google Patents

Abstract

"Method and apparatus for releasing a chemical into a wellbore, and apparatus for pouring cement into a wellbore" describes methods and apparatus for releasing a chemical into a wellbore. An apparatus includes a bent member configured to engage in a liner and a hollow member is connected to the bent member. a chemical container is disposed at least partially within the hollow space, and the hollow member extends at least partially around the hollow space.

Description

“METHODS AND APPLIANCES TO RELEASE A CHEMICAL PRODUCT IN A WELL HOLE, AND APPLIANCES TO PLACE CEMENT IN A WELL HOLE”

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present description relates to well bore operations and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for releasing a chemical into a well bore under command.

[0002] Placeable compositions, such as cement sludge, can be used in primary cementing operations, in which pipe columns, such as pipes and liners, are cemented into well holes. When carrying out primary cementation, a cement can be pumped, for example, through the tube into the annulus between the walls of the well hole and the tube disposed therein. The cement can be pumped into the annular crown until it reaches a predetermined height inside the well hole to provide zonal insulation. The cement can cure in the annular crown, thereby forming a annular hardened cement jacket (eg, a cement jacket) that supports and positions the coating column within the well bore and connects the outer surface of the coating column. to the well hole walls.

[0003] In many applications, it may be desirable to have a distribution medium for releasing one or more chemicals within the annulus between the well bore and the tube, so that the chemical does not need to be pumped from the surface into the top of the well hole. In addition, in the case of cementing operations, it may be desirable not to activate a cement composition in the annular crown until a specific time chosen by an operator. Providing such a means of distribution may require a number of complications, such as complex equipment and expensive procedures. Therefore, it may be desirable to have methods and apparatus for chemical distribution that are inexpensive, not complex and require

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 5/80 / 25 minimal modification of procedures, such as cementation procedures.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] The present description relates to well bore operations and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for releasing into a well bore under command.

[0005] According to one aspect of the invention, a method of releasing a chemical into a well bore is provided. In this regard, a column of pipes is provided and at least one housing member is coupled to the coupling column, where the housing member is coupled to a chemical reservoir. A fluid is introduced into a space between an inner surface of the well hole and an outer surface of the casing column.

[0006] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an apparatus is provided for releasing a chemical into a well bore. In this regard, the apparatus includes a curved member configured to engage a tube and at least one hollow member is connected to the cured member. A chemical container is arranged, at least in part, within the hollow space and the hollow member extends at least partially around a hollow space.

[0007] According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus is provided for placing cement in a well hole. In this regard, the apparatus includes a casing column and at least one housing member coupled to the casing column and disposed adjacent an external surface of the casing column. The apparatus also includes a chemical container arranged between the housing member and the outer surface of the coating column.

[0008] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for releasing a chemical into a well bore. In this

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 6/80 / 25 aspect, a coating column is provided and the coating column includes a wrapping collar that includes a chemical reservoir. A fluid is introduced into a space between an inner surface of the well hole and an outer surface of the casing column. A chemical is released from the chemical reservoir into the fluid.

[0009] According to another aspect of the invention, an apparatus is provided for releasing a chemical into a well bore. In this respect, the apparatus includes a wrap collar configured to connect to a section of a cladding column. A chemical container is disposed within the wrap collar and the wrap collar is configured to release a chemical from the chemical reservoir.

[00010] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for releasing a chemical into a well bore. In this regard, an activating collar is connected between sections of a casing column. The activator collar and sections are positioned in a well hole. A non-activated cementitious material is introduced into the well bore. A chemical is released from the chemical reservoir inside the well bore.

[00011] The details and advantages of the present description will be readily apparent from those skilled in the art. Although numerous changes can be made by those skilled in the art, such changes are within the scope of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [00012] A more complete understanding of the present embodiments and their advantages can be acquired by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference numbers indicate equal details.

[00013] Figure 1 illustrates a cross section of a column of

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 7/80 / 25 coating according to certain embodiments of the present description.

[00014] Figures 2a and 2b illustrate cross-sectional views of tube and a coating collar in accordance with certain embodiments of the present description.

[00015] Figure 3 illustrates a method for connecting a borehole to a pipe according to certain embodiments of the present description.

[00016] Figures 4a and 4b illustrate cross-sectional views of tube and a coating collar in accordance with certain embodiments of the present description.

[00017] Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a coating column in accordance with certain embodiments of the present description.

[00018] Figures 6a and 6b illustrate cross-sectional views of pipe and collar of coating in accordance with certain embodiments of the present description.

[00019] Figure 7 illustrates a method for connecting a well hole to a pipe according to certain embodiments of the present description.

[00020] Figure 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pipe and collar in accordance with certain embodiments of the present description.

[00021] Figures 9a and 9b illustrate cross-sectional views of tube and a coating collar in accordance with certain embodiments of the present description.

[00022] Figures 10a and 10b illustrate lateral and axial views of a centralizer according to certain embodiments of the present description.

[00023] Figure 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a tube and a centralizer according to certain embodiments of the present

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 8/80 / 25 description.

[00024] Figure 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a tube and a centralizer according to certain embodiments of the present description.

[00025] Figure 13 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a tube and a centralizer according to certain embodiments of the present description.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [00026] This description relates to well bore operations and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for releasing a chemical into a well bore under command. In other words, the present description may allow an operator to choose a specific time when one or more chemicals can be released into the ring. In certain positions of the present description, underground well bore fluids, useful in the present description, may be allowed to remain in a mud state for a desired time before being activated by adding an activator released by a column of bore holes. well perfected.

[00027] One application of this description relates to well hole cementing operations. Typically, a cementing operation involves introducing a coating column into a well bore. A cement composition can then be pumped down into the lining column, with a base plug and a top plug installed, so that a cement column can be placed between the plugs. A displacement fluid can push the cement column and well hole plugs down. The base plug can then be put down and the pump pressure can cause a breakable element inside the base plug to break, allowing the cement inside the tube to be pumped through the base plug and a floating shoe and

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 9/80 / 25 then up into the annular space between the tube and the well hole. When all the cement has been pumped through the base plug, the top plug can land on the base plug. As an alternative to the above cementation operation, cement can be placed within the annular crown by what is known in the art as an inverse cementation operation. In either case, when the laid cement hardens, it connects the coating column to a part of the underground formation.

[00028] In certain embodiments of the present description, a cementitious material placed on the annular crown may not be activated. Then, an operator can initiate the hardening of the cement material “on command” by choosing a specific time in which to release an activating agent inside the non-activated cement material. The moment of initiation can be chosen at any time after the cementitious material is in position inside the well hole.

[00029] A wide variety of fluids can be useful with the methods of the present description. A person of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this description, will be able to identify a suitable fluid for use in the methods of the present description. In certain embodiments, the underground well bore fluids used in the present description include hydraulic cement. A variety of hydraulic cements may be suitable for use, including those comprising calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen and / or sulfur, which can cure and harden by reacting with water. Such hydraulic cements include, but are not limited to, Portland cements, pozzolanic cements, plaster cements, high alumina cements, silica cements and high alkalinity cements. Cementitious material comprising shale or blast furnace slag, very fine ash and pyrogenic silica may also be suitable for use in the present description. In certain embodiments, shale may include glazed shale, in certain other forms of

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 10/80 / 25 realization, the shale can include raw unburned shale, or a mixture of raw shale and glazed shale.

[00030] In certain embodiments, cement hydration can be activated with conventional cement accelerators. The activator may include, but is not limited to, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, amine compound, salts comprising calcium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum and / or mixtures thereof. A person of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this description, will be able to identify a suitable activating material to accelerate the curing of a cement sludge. In some embodiments, the activator may comprise a calcium salt, such as calcium chloride. In some embodiments, the activator may comprise a sodium salt, such as sodium chloride, sodium aluminate and / or sodium silicate. In some embodiments, the activator may comprise a magnesium salt, such as magnesium chloride. In some embodiments, the activator may comprise amine compounds, such as triethanol amine, tripropanol amine, triisopropanol amine and / or diethanol amine. In some embodiments, the activator will be released in a sufficient amount to cure the cement within about 1 minute to about 24 hours. In embodiments including sodium chloride as the released activator, the concentration can be in the range of about 3% to about 15% by weight of the cement of the cement slurry. In embodiments including calcium chloride as the released activator, the concentration can be in the range of about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of the cement of the cement slurry.

[00031] In some embodiments, the activator can "instantly-harden" the cement sludge. As mentioned here, the term "instant-harden" will be understood to mean the start of the hardening of the cement sludge within about 1 minute to about 15 minutes after contacting the released activator. In some ways

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 11/80 / 25, the previously identified activators can instantly harden the cement sludge. Instant curing activators can include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium or potassium bicarbonate salts, sodium silicate salts, sodium aluminate salts, ferrous and ferric salts (eg, chloride ferric and ferric sulfate), salts of polyacrylic acid and / or others. In some embodiments, the following activators can instantly harden the cement slurry based on these activators exceeding a specified concentration: calcium nitrate, calcium acetate, calcium chloride and / or calcium nitrite.

[00032] In alternative embodiments, a strongly retarded cement can be activated by degrading the retardant with the oxidizing agent. Suitable oxidizing agents can be inorganic (eg, sodium persulfate, sodium bromate, sodium chlorate) or organic (eg, di-t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide), depending on temperature and type of retardant used. Any suitable activation system that can be arranged in the manner described here can be used.

[00033] Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the casing column 100 inserted into well hole 110 after well hole 110 has been drilled to a desired depth below the surface within the underground formation. 120. The annular crown 130 can be formed between the casing column 100 and the underground formation 120. The casing column 100 can include a series of interconnected sections of tube 140. These sections of tube 140 can be connected by activation collars 150 Activation collars 150 can be placed on casing column 100 and cemented in a manner similar to that used with standard tube collars. A coating collar can be configured to be a

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 12/80 / 25 activation collar 150. Casing column 100 can be positioned inside the well bore with activation collar 150 installed between tube sections 140 on all connections of tube sections 140. Alternatively, activation 150 can be used at one or more selected locations in the casing column 100, which can correspond to specific well hole locations within the well hole once the entire casing column 100 to be cemented has been installed.

[00034] When a non-activated cementitious material is placed within an annular crown extension 130, a non-activated condition can be maintained for a long period of time without curing the material. If complications are encountered in completing cementing operations, there may be no danger of cement hardening during this non-activated condition, thereby possibly eliminating major remediation or causing loss of well bore due to having hardened cement where it is not desired. . Once an operator decides to "activate" the cementitious material to make it harden or otherwise release a chemical into the annular crown, additional pressure can be applied to move fluid within the lining column 100. The additional pressure can be communicated to an activation collar 150. The activation collar 150 can be configured to release one or more chemicals in response to a pressure increase within the coating column 100. To facilitate chemical dispersion, the coating column 100 can be rotated and / or reciprocated axially along the well bore 110. Rotation and / or reciprocating may be concomitant with or subsequent to chemical release.

[00035] Figure 2a illustrates a cross-sectional view showing details of an exemplary activation collar 100, corresponding to the activation collars 150 of Figure 1, prior to operation. The necklace of

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 13/80 / 25 activation 200 may include a hollow, generally cylindrically shaped 210 housing. Generally, the activation collars described here can be manufactured, depending on the particular use, from a variety of materials used for conventional pipe collars, including, but not limited to, not limited to ferrous materials, aluminum, titanium and / or fiberglass.

[00036] The activation collar 200 may also include threaded collar on one or more surfaces of the housing 210, as a means of connecting the pipe thread of the pipe sections 220. It must be understood by those skilled in the art that, in certain forms In carrying out the present description, alternative means of connecting to pipe sections 220 may be employed. Generally, conventional tube sections described here, depending on the particular use, can be manufactured from a variety of materials, including, but not limited to, ferrous materials, aluminum, titanium and / or fiberglass.

[00037] Housing 210 may include one or more rupture elements 230. The rupture element 230 may be, for example, a rupture disc or other brittle element, configured to mechanically break or otherwise allow fluid communication in response at a given pressure on an internal surface of the housing 210. The rupture element 230 can be configured to rupture at a predetermined pressure.

[00038] Housing 210 may further include one or more positions 240, one or more chemical reservoirs 250 and one or more outlets 260. One or more pistons 240 may be movable and configured to compress the volume of chemical reservoir 250 in response to pressure communicated inside housing 210. Chemical reservoir 250 can be any containment of an activating agent. An outlet 260 can be an open hole between chemical reservoir 250 and the exterior of housing 210. Outlet 260 can be appropriately sized to

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 14/80 / 25 so that the pressure balance, associated with the exterior of housing 210, prevents the activating agent from leaving chemical reservoir 250 until piston 240 decreases the volume of chemical reservoir 250 or until its volume is otherwise reduced. Alternatively, outlet 260 may include another sealing element, a wax-like substance, for example, to prevent the activating agent from leaving chemical reservoir 250 until piston 240 has sufficiently compressed chemical reservoir 250. A person of ordinary skill in the art, having the benefit of this description, I would understand that numerous substantially equivalent variations of piston 240, chemical reservoirs 250 and outlets 260 can be employed and which are in the spirit of the present description.

[00039] Fig. 2b illustrates a cross-sectional view showing details of the exemplary activation collar 200 after rupture element 230 has allowed fluid communication between the interior of housing 210 and piston 240. Piston 240 is shown to have compressed chemical reservoir 250, after activating agent 270 has been expressed through outlet 260 into the annulus. Subsequent or simultaneous rotation and / or reciprocation of the coating column can be used to deliver the activating agent 270 within the annular crown fluid. The activation collar 200 can also be configured to dose the activation agent 270 slowly, or at any predetermined rate. To facilitate distribution, the coating column can be rotated and / or reciprocated while and / or after the activating agent is released. The coating column can then be positioned at its final desired location before the activator causes the cement to harden.

[00040] Figure 3 is a process flowchart for an exemplary activation collar 300 procedure. In step 310, the activation collars can be installed on standard pipe or the collars can be installed between standard pipe joints, before gives

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 15/80 / 25 introduction of a cementitious material into the well bore. In step 320, the casing column can be placed inside the well hole. In step 330, the cement can be pumped according to standard procedures. In step 340, the top plug can be placed slowly while pumping the cement. In step 350, sufficient burst pressure on the top plug can be provided, so that the collars can be activated before the plug burst occurs. In step 360, the pressure on the tube can be increased to a level sufficient to activate the collars and dispose of the activation chemicals. In step 370, the coating column can be reciprocated and / or rotated to mix the activator inside the cement slurry. In step 380, the coating column can be positioned and maintained at a desired depth until the cement hardens.

[00041] Figures 4a and 4b show details of another embodiment of the present description. Figure 4a illustrates a cross-sectional view showing an exemplary activation collar before activating agent 450 has been expressed through outlet 460 into the annular crown. As an alternative to a rupture disk, the activation collar 400 may include a tension sleeve 430 that holds two expulsion pistons 440 together. When a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the tube increases sufficiently, the tensile strength of the tension sleeve 430 can be exceeded, so that it will break, thereby allowing the pistons 440 to force the activating agent 450 through the outlet 460 and to the outside of housing 410. Figure 4b illustrates the activation collar 400 after the tension sleeve 430 has yielded and allowed the activation agent to be expressed through outlet 460 into the annular crown.

[00042] Accordingly, according to certain embodiments of the present description, the punctual distributed activation collars and methods are

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 16/80 / 25 provided where “doses” of one or more chemicals and / or an activating agent can be introduced at one or more points along a coating column. If necessary, the coating column can be reciprocated and / or rotated to facilitate mixing of an activating agent with a fluid in the annular crown. Certain embodiments of this invention can eliminate the need for external or internal fixations to a coating column for disposal of an activating agent. Certain embodiments allow the distribution of the activator within an entire cross section of an annular crown. The equipment and procedures for certain embodiments are not complex, require minimal modification to existing cementation procedures and have low operational risks.

[00043] Fig. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention. The coating column 500 can be inserted into well hole 510 after well hole 510 has been drilled. The ring annulus 530 can be formed between the casing column 500 and the underground formation 520. The casing column 500 can include a series of interconnected sections of tubes 540. These sections of tubes 540 can be connected by the activation collars 550. The Activation collars 550 can be placed on a coating column 500 to be cemented in a manner similar to how standard tube collars would be used. The casing column 500 can be positioned inside the well hole 510 with the activation collars 550 installed between the tube sections 540 in all connections of the tube sections 540. Alternatively, the activation collars 550 can be used in one or more selected locations of the casing column 500, which correspond to specific borehole locations of wellbore 510, once the entire casing column 500 to be cemented is installed.

[00044] Figure 6a illustrates a cross-sectional view

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 17/80 / 25 showing details of an exemplary activation collar 600, corresponding to activation collars 550 in Figure 5, prior to operation. Activation collar 600 may include an inner housing member 610, coupled to tube sections 620. Inner housing member 610 may further include threaded collar on one or more surfaces of the enclosure as a means of connecting the pipe threaded sections of tube 620. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, in certain embodiments of the present description, alternative means of connecting to tube sections 620 may be employed.

[00045] The activation collar 600 may further include an outer housing member 630, coupled to the inner housing member 610. The outer housing member 630 may be attached to the inner housing member 610 by a threaded insert, which allows rotational movement and causes the outer housing member 630 to move axially with respect to the inner housing member 610. A person of ordinary skill in the art, having the benefit of this description, would understand that alternative means of coupling the outer housing member 630 to the 610 internal housing member can be employed. [00046] A chemical reservoir 640 can be defined by inner housing member 610 and outer housing member 630. Chemical reservoir 640 can be any suitable means of containing one or more chemicals and / or activating agent. The activation collar 600 can be configured so that a relative rotation between the inner housing member 610 and the outer housing member 630 changes the volume of the chemical reservoir 640. A person of ordinary skill in the art, having the benefit of this description, would understand that alternative means of arranging a chemical reservoir between an inner housing and an outer housing of a collar can be employed, so that the volume of the chemical reservoir can be reduced according to

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 18/80 / 25 relative rotation between internal and external housings.

[00047] The activation collar 600 can also include one or more outlets 650. An outlet 650 can be an open hole between the chemical reservoir 640 and the outside of the outer housing member 630. The outlet 650 can be appropriately sized to that the pressure balance associated with the exterior of the outer housing member 630 prevents the activating agent from leaving chemical reservoir 640 until the volume of chemical reservoir 640 is decreased. Alternatively, outlet 650 may include another sealing element, such as a wax-like substance, to prevent the activating agent from leaving chemical reservoir 640 until chemical reservoir 640 has been sufficiently compressed.

[00048] Activation collar 600 may further include one or more arched spring members - centering members 660. Centering members 660 can be coupled to outer housing member 630 to allow centralizing members 660 to contact the well bore surfaces when attached to a casing column well bottom. The centralizing members 660 can therefore provide resistance to rotation, so that the outer housing member 630 can tend to remain stationary. In alternatives to an arcuate spring member, those of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that a 660 centering member may be of another type of projection member designed to make contact with a well bore surface and may not necessarily be designed to provide a centralizing function.

[00049] After a non-activated cementitious material has been placed within a 530 annular crown extension, an operator may decide to “activate” the cementitious material to cause it to harden or otherwise release a chemical into the annular crown , rotating the column

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 19/80 / 25 of coating 500. The activation collar 600 can be configured so that a predetermined number of revs of the coating column 500 activate the activation collar 600 and release an activation agent. The coating column 500 can also be reciprocated axially along the tube, to facilitate chemical dispersion. When the casing column 500 rotates, the centering members 660 can make contact with well hole surfaces and keep the outer housing member 630 stationary, thereby allowing relative rotation between the casing column 500 and the outer housing member 630. The threaded fit between the outer housing member 630 and the inner housing member 610 allows the outer housing member 630 to move axially with respect to the inner housing member 610. The chemical reservoir 640 can consequently be reduced in volume due to relative axial movement, thereby causing an activating agent to be expelled from chemical reservoir 640 into annular crown 530.

[00050] Figure 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing details of the exemplary activation collar 600, after the outer housing member 630 has moved axially with respect to the inner housing member 610. The outer housing member 630 and the inner housing member 610 are shown to have compressed chemical reservoir 640 and activating agent 670 which has been expelled through outlet 650 into the annular crown. Concomitant or subsequent rotation and / or reciprocation of the coating column 500 can deliver activating agent 670 within the fluid within the annular crown. Activation collar 600 can be configured to slowly dose out activating agent 670 while the coating column is being rotated and / or reciprocated to facilitate dispensing. The coating column 500 can then be positioned in its desired location

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 20/80 / 25 final before the activator causes the cementitious material to harden. [00051] Fig. 7 shows a process flow chart for an exemplary activation collar 700 procedure. In step 710, the activation collars can be installed on the standard pipe, or collars can be installed between the standard pipe joints , before introducing a cementitious material into the well bore. In step 720, the casing column can be introduced into the well hole. In step 730, cement can be introduced into the well hole according to standard procedures. In step 740, the coating column can be rotated and / or reciprocated to release the activator and to mix the activated with the cement sludge. In step 750, the coating column can be placed and maintained in its final position until the cement hardens.

[00052] Figure 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing details of an exemplary activation collar 800. Activation collar 800 corresponds to activation collar 600, but alternatively may include one or more centralizing members 810 at an angle with respect to a longitudinal geometric axis of the coating column. The inclination of the centering members 810 can be used to minimize premature activation of the activation collar 800 when the centering members 810 are in contact with well hole surfaces. The orientation and angle of the centering members 810 can be configured to, together with the well hole surfaces, prop the outer housing member 820 in the rotational direction that is opposite to the direction that drives the activation collar 800. A person of common skill in the art, having the benefit of this description, would understand that various configurations of the centralizing members 810 can be employed to optimize the tendency of the external housing member 820 and to minimize premature activation of the activation collar 800.

[00053] Figures 9a and 9b show details of another form of

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 21/80 / 25 realization of this description. Figure 9a illustrates a cross-sectional view showing an exemplary activation collar before the activating agent has been expressed through outlet 950 into the annular crown. As an alternative to the threaded fit of the activation collar 600, the activation collar 900 may include a j-notch or ratchet-type release mechanism, which may allow reciprocating movement to compress the chemical reservoir 940, thereby expressing one or more chemicals into the ring. The activation collar 900 may include an inner housing member 910 and an outer housing member 930 coupled together at least in part by one or more handles 970 and a notch-j path 980.

[00054] For example, one or more handles 670 can be attached to the outer housing member 930 and the inner housing member 910 may include one or more notch-j paths 980. The handle 970 may follow the notch-j path 980 when the tube is moved up and down. The J-notch path 980 can be configured so that, after a certain number of reciprocating cycles, loop 970 can follow a section of longer j-notch path 990, which can allow relative movement between the housing member inner 910 and outer housing member 930 to sufficiently compress a volume of chemical reservoir 940. Figure 9b illustrates activation collar 900 after chemical reservoir 940 has been compressed and one or more chemicals have been expressed through outlet 950 into the annular crown.

[00055] Thus, according to certain embodiments of the present description, rotationally operated necklaces and activation methods are provided where "doses" of one or more chemicals and / or an activating agent can be introduced at one or more points along a lining column, without providing a leak path

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 22/80 / 25 potential by the annular crown for an internal diameter of the coating column. The coating column can be reciprocated and / or rotated to facilitate mixing of the activating agent with a fluid in the annular crown. Certain embodiments of this invention do not require external or internal fixations to the coating column for the disposition of an activating agent. Certain embodiments allow distribution of the activator within an entire cross section of an annular crown containing a cementitious material. The equipment and procedures for certain embodiments are not complex, require minimal modification of existing cementation procedures and have low operational risks.

[00056] Fig. 10a and 10b show another exemplary embodiment of the invention. Figure 10a illustrates straight blade centralizer 1000. Figure 10b illustrates an axial view of the straight blade centralizer 1000. The straight blade centralizer 1000 can be attached to the outside of a casing column in the same way as a conventional centralizer can be. attached to a lining column in accordance with standard oil and gas industry practice. The straight blade centralizer 1000 can include one or more collars 1010 which can be generally cylindrical or curved and designed to wrap at least partially around a section of pipe.

[00057] The straight blade centralizer 1000 may further include a plurality of hollow blades 1020 connected to one or more collars 1010. Each hollow blade 1020 can form a substantially complete wrap around a hollow space. Alternatively, each hollow blade 1020 can form only a partially covered hollow space. For example, a hollow space can be exposed on the inside of a 1020 hollow blade (i.e., the side closest to the longitudinal geometric axis of the straight blade centralizer (1000).

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 23/80 / 25 [00058] Figure 11 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing straight blade centralizer 1100, which corresponds to a straight blade centralizer 1000 of Figures 10a and 10b, coupled to a tube 1110. The straight blade centralizer 1100 can include one or more collars 1120 and one or more hollow blades 1130. Figure 11 represents two hollow blades 1130, although a different number of hollow blades 1130 can be used. Each hollow blade 1130 can house or cover at least partly a chemical container 1140, such as a can filled with one or more chemicals to be applied within the annular crown. Chemical containers 1140 can be kept inside hollow blades 1130 or otherwise arranged close to the inner surface of hollow blades 1130, when the casing column is lowered into the well hole. This allows the 1140 chemical containers to be protected when inside the well bore.

[00059] Chemical containers or reservoirs can be made of any material such as steel, aluminum, brass, glass, plastic, lead, wood, ceramic or flexible bags. Each chemical container can be balanced in pressure with a mechanism known in the art, so that the pressure associated with the deep well holes will not cause the chemical container to collapse. In the event that the chemical container can include a flexible bag, the chemical container can be inherently balanced in pressure due to its flexible design. In certain embodiments, a hollow blade 1130 can itself be the chemical container.

[00060] In certain embodiments, each 1140 chemical container can be equipped with an 1150 pump, which can be remotely activated to release one or more chemicals at any arbitrary time. It should be understood that the 1150 pump can be or include a pump, a valve or any device configured to squeeze,

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 24/80 / 25 eject, pump, transfer or otherwise release chemicals. The 1150 pump can be activated by pressure or pressure pulse from the annular crown surface below. Alternatively, the 1150 pump can be activated by lowering a device on the flat line or wire line into the interior of the tube that would signal each valve to release chemicals from the chemical container into the annulus when the device passes close. This signal could be in the form of an acoustic, radioactive, neutronic, magnetic, thermal or any other type, which would penetrate the steel tube for a short distance. A person of ordinary skill in the art, having the benefit of this description, would understand that various configurations could be employed to activate the 1150 pump. Thus, according to certain embodiments, chemicals in 1140 chemical containers can be applied in any time point.

[00061] Fig. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view showing additional embodiments, in which the centralizer 1200 may include elements of the straight blade centralizer 1100, as well as elements of an arcuate spring centralizer. The centralizer 1200 can include one or more collars 1210 generally cylindrical or curved and designed to wrap at least partially around a section of tube 1220. The arcuate spring members 1230 can be attached to collars 1210 to allow arcuate spring members 1230 to contact surfaces of the borehole when attached to a borehole lining column. Although two arcuate spring members are shown in the example in Figure 12, it should be understood that certain embodiments may employ one or a different number of arcuate spring members. The arcuate spring members 1230 can therefore provide resistance to rotation, so that all or part of the centralizer 1200 may tend to remain stationary. The necklaces

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 25/80 / 25

1210 can be slidably coupled to the tube section 1220 in order to slide freely and allow the arcuate spring members 1230 to flex when in contact with the well hole walls. The collars 1210 can be configured to move away from each other to allow flexing of the arched spring members. One or more hollow blades 1240 may be connected or otherwise coupled to one or the other of the collars 1210, in order not to inhibit bending of the arched spring members 1230. A person of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this description, would appreciate that several alternative means of coupling the centralizer 1200 to a section of pipe can be employed. In addition, in the alternative to an arcuate spring member, those of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that a 1200 centralizer may include one or more other type of projection members designed to make contact with a well bore surface and may not necessarily be designed to provide a centralizing function. [00062] As with the straight blade centerer 1000 of Figure 10, each hollow blade 1240 of the centerer 1200 can form a substantially complete wrap around a hollow space. Alternatively, each hollow blade 1240 can form only a partially covered hollow space, in which, for example, the hollow space can be exposed on the inner side (i.e., the “tube side”) of a hollow blade) 1240. Figure 12 represents two hollow blades 1240, although a different number of hollow blades 1240 can be used. Like the straight blade centralizer 1000 in Figure 10, each hollow blade 1240 of centralizer 1200 can house or cover at least one chemical container 1250 such as a can with one or more chemicals to be applied within the annular crown. Chemical containers 1250 can be kept inside hollow blades 1240 or otherwise arranged close to an inner surface of hollow blades 1240, when the casing column is lowered into the

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 26/80 / 25 well hole.

[00063] In certain embodiments, each chemical container 1250 can be equipped with a pump 1260. Pump 1260 can be connected to tube 1220 in a manner known in the art, so that when tube 1220 is rotated, the pump 1260 can be forced open to thereby release one or more chemicals from chemical container 1250 and / or forced to actively squeeze chemicals from chemical container 1250. In other embodiments, pump 1260 can alternatively be configured for activation with the approaches discussed above with respect to Figure 11.

[00064] In certain alternative embodiments, where the chemical container 1250 may include a plastic or a flexible bag, a cutting instrument 1270, such as a knife edge, can be coupled to the pipe 1220 in a manner known in the art . When the 1220 tube is rotated, each plastic container or bag can be cut open, thereby releasing the chemical. A person of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this description, would appreciate that various alternative means of releasing chemicals from chemical container 1250 can be employed. For example, the cutting instrument 1270 may include any means that would cut, tear, tear, pierce, penetrate, rupture, tear, open or otherwise release one or more chemicals from the chemical container 1250.

[00065] Figure 13 shows a cross-sectional view illustrating an additional embodiment, in which the activation collar 1300 may correspond to the activation collar 1200, for example, but be configured to include 1310 manifolds. dispensing 1310 can be coupled to an outlet 1320 of the chemical containers, so that an activating chemical can be delivered even from an initial release point. Distribution tubes 1310 can be

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 27/80 / 25 fixed to the tubes by belts, clamps, welding or other means as would be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. Distribution tubes 1310 may include one or more outlets to express the chemical. For example, the distribution tube 1310 can be perforated and can be designed to release the chemical in a manner similar to the function of an impregnation hose sometimes used in gardening. The distribution tubes 1310 can be of any desired length and can be coiled around the outside of the tube. The activation collar 1300 can therefore facilitate the longer sections of cement activation within the annular crown.

[00066] Thus, according to certain embodiments of the present description, one or more chemicals and / or activating agents can be released into the well bore "under command". The chemicals can be left stagnant and allowed to disperse into the surrounding fluid within the annular crown by means of diffusion, or the chemicals can be mixed into the annular fluid by reciprocating or rotating the tube for a period of time as discussed. above. As would be appreciated by a person skilled in the art, the centralizer blades would provide a means to stir the fluid and mix the chemical with it. Certain embodiments allow the distribution of the activator within an entire cross section of an annular crown containing a cementitious material. The equipment and procedures for certain embodiments are not complex, require minimal modification to existing cementation procedures and have low operational risks.

[00067] Therefore, the present description is well adapted to obtain the mentioned purposes and advantages, as well as those that are inherent to them. The particular embodiments described are illustrative only, since the present description can be modified and practiced in

Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 28/80 / 25 different but equivalent ways evident to those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings here. In addition, no limitations are placed on the details of construction or design shown here, other than those described in the claims below. It is, therefore, evident that the particular illustrative embodiments described above can be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present description. Also the terms of the claims have a clear, common meaning, unless otherwise explicitly and clearly defined by the patented.

Claims (42)

1. Method for releasing a chemical into a well bore, characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of: providing a coating column (100, 500); coupling a housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) to the casing column (100, 500), where the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) is coupled to the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940 ), wherein the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) and the coating column (100, 500) are configured so that the rotation of the coating column (100, 500) and a cutting instrument (1270 ) coupled to the coating column (100, 500) initiate the release of the chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940); introducing a fluid into a space between an internal surface of the well bore (110, 510) and an external surface of the casing column (100, 500); releasing a chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) into the fluid; wherein the fluid comprises a non-activated cementitious material and where the chemical comprises an activating agent (270, 450, 670); and where the chemical is first introduced into the fluid after it is released from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) into the fluid in the space between an internal surface of the well hole (110, 510) (110, 510) and a outer surface of the coating column (100, 500). 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of releasing the chemical comprises reciprocating the coating column (100, 500). 3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) comprises Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 30/80 2/10 a slide that houses, at least in part, the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) or the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) comprises a slide and in which the chemical reservoir (250, 640 , 940) is arranged close to an inner surface of the blade. 4. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: couple a projecting member to the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) to contact the inner surface of the well hole (110, 510). Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the projecting member comprises an arcuate spring member (1230). 6. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the stage of: connect the well hole (110, 510) to the casing column (100, 500). 7. Method for releasing a chemical into a well bore (110, 510), characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of: providing a coating column (100, 500); coupling a housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) to the casing column (100, 500), where the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) is coupled to the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940 ), where the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) and the casing column (100, 500) are configured so that the rotation of the casing column (100, 500) drives a pump (1150, 1260 ) coupled to the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940); introducing a fluid into a space between an internal surface of the well bore (110, 510) and an external surface of the casing column (100, 500); Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 31/80 3/10 releasing a chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) into the fluid, in which the release of the chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) comprises driving the pump (1150, 1260) coupled to the reservoir chemical (250, 640, 940); wherein the fluid comprises a non-activated cementitious material and where the chemical comprises an activating agent (270, 450, 670); and where the chemical is first introduced into the fluid after it is released from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) into the fluid in the space between an inner surface of the well bore (110, 510) and an outer surface of the casing column (100, 500). Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the step of releasing the chemical comprises reciprocating the coating column (100, 500) or the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) comprising a blade houses, at least in part, the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940). 9. Method according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the step of: distribute the chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) via a distribution channel. 10. Method according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: couple a projecting member to the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) to contact the inner surface of the well hole (110, 510). Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the projecting member comprises an arcuate spring member (1230). 12. Method according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the step of: Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 32/80 4/10 connect the well hole (110, 510) to the casing column (100, 500). 13. Method for releasing a chemical into a well bore (110, 510), characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of: providing a coating column (100, 500); coupling a housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) to the casing column (100, 500), where the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) is coupled to a chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940); introducing a fluid into a space between an internal surface of the well bore (110, 510) and an external surface of the casing column (100, 500); release a chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) into the fluid after the fluid is introduced into the space between an inner surface of the well bore (110, 510) and an outer surface of the casing column (100, 500 ), in which the release of the chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) comprises driving a pump (1150, 1260) coupled to the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940); wherein the fluid comprises a non-activated cementitious material and where the chemical comprises an activating agent (270, 450, 670); wherein the step of releasing the chemical comprises reciprocating the coating column (100, 500); where the chemical is first introduced into the fluid after it is released from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) into the fluid in the space between an inner surface of the well bore (110, 510) and an outer surface of the casing column ( 100, 500); and increasing the pressure on a surface of the casing column (100, 500) activates the pump (1150, 1260). Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 33/80 5/10 Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) comprises a blade that houses, at least in part, the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940). 15. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: couple a projecting member to the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) to contact the inner surface of the well hole (110, 510). 16. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the step of: connect the well hole (110, 510) to the casing column (100, 500). 17. Method according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it also comprises the step of: distribute the chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) via a distribution channel. 18. Apparatus for releasing a chemical into a well bore (110, 510), said apparatus characterized by the fact that it comprises: a curved member configured to engage a casing column (100, 500); a hollow member connected to the curved member, wherein the hollow member extends at least partially around a chemical container (1140, 1250); and a pump (1150, 1260) disposed outside an outer surface of the coating column (100, 500), the pump (1150, 1260) coupled to the chemical container (1140, 1250) and configured to control a release of the chemical the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940); Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 34/80 6/10 where the pump (1150, 1260) and the casing column (100, 500) are configured so that the pump (1150, 1260) is driven by the rotation of the casing column (100, 500). 19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a second curved member configured to engage the casing column (100, 500) and connected to the hollow member. 20. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a projecting member connected to the curved member, where the projecting member is configured to contact a well hole surface (110, 510). 21. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a distribution channel configured to deliver a chemical from the chemical container (1140, 1250). 22. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the hollow member comprises a blade. 23. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the projecting member comprises an arcuate spring member (1230). 24. Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the distribution channel is perforated. 25. Apparatus for placing cement in a well hole (110, 510), said apparatus characterized by the fact that it comprises: a coating column (100, 500); a housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) coupled to the casing column (100, 500); a chemical container (1140, 1250) disposed between the Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 35/80 7/10 housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) and an outer surface of the casing column (100, 500); and a pump (1150, 1260) coupled to the chemical container (1140, 1250) and configured to control a release of a chemical from the chemical container (1140, 1250) based on a movement of the coating column (100, 500), wherein the pump (1150, 1260) is disposed outside the outer surface of the coating column (100, 500) and where the movement comprises the rotation of the coating column (100, 500). 26. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a projecting member configured to extend more than one geometric axis of the casing column (100, 500) than the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930). 27. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a distribution channel configured to deliver a chemical from the chemical container (1140, 1250). 28. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) comprises a blade that houses, at least in part, the chemical container (1140, 1250) or the projecting member comprise an arcuate spring member (1230) or the distribution channel to be pierced. 29. Apparatus for placing cement in a borehole (110, 510), said apparatus characterized by the fact that it comprises: a coating column (100, 500); a housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) coupled to the casing column (100, 500); a chemical container (1140, 1250) disposed between the Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 36/80 8/10 housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) and an outer surface of the casing column (100, 500); and a cutting instrument (1270) coupled to the coating column (100, 500), in which the coating column (100, 500), chemical container (1140, 1250) and cutting instrument (1270) are configured so that the rotation of the coating column (100, 500) initiates the cutting of the chemical container (1140, 1250) with the cutting instrument (1270) to release a chemical from the chemical container (1140, 1250). 30. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a projecting member configured to extend more than one geometric axis of the casing column (100, 500) than the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930). 31. Apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that the projecting member comprises an arcuate spring member (1230). 32. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that the housing member (610, 630, 910, 930) comprises a blade that houses, at least in part, the chemical container (1140, 1250). 33. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized by the fact that it also comprises: a distribution channel configured to deliver a chemical from the chemical container (1140, 1250). 34. Apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the distribution channel is perforated. 35. Apparatus for releasing a chemical into a well bore (110, 510), said apparatus characterized by the fact that it comprises: Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 37/80 9/10 a coating collar configured to connect to a section of a coating column (100, 500); and a chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) disposed between an inner surface and an outer surface of the coating collar; wherein the coating collar is configured to release a chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940); wherein the chemical comprises an activating agent (270, 450, 670); and wherein the casing collar comprises an inner casing collar member and an outer casing collar member, wherein the inner casing collar member and the outer casing collar member are configured to compress the chemical reservoir (250 , 640, 940) in response to movement of the inner collar member relative to the outer collar member. 36. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the coating collar is configured to release the chemical from the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) in response to a pressure increase on an internal surface of the coating column (100, 500). 37. Apparatus according to claim 36, characterized in that the casing collar comprises a rupture element (230) or the casing collar comprises a tensioning element or the casing collar comprises a configured piston (240, 440) to compress the chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940). 38. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the movement comprises rotation of the coating collar in relation to the section. 39. Apparatus according to claim 35, Petition 870190010123, of 01/30/2019, p. 38/80 10/10 characterized by the fact that the outer collar member is coupled to the inner collar member with a notch unit, wherein the notch unit comprises a j-notch and a flap configured to move with the j-notch. 40. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the casing collar comprises a projecting member configured to extend more than one geometric axis of the casing column (100, 500) than the outer collar member. 41. Method for releasing a chemical into a well bore (110, 510), characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of: connect an activating collar between sections of a coating column (100, 500), the activating collar being generally cylindrical and comprising an inner surface, an outer surface and a chemical reservoir (250, 640, 940) arranged between them to position the activating collar and the sections in a well hole (110, 510); introducing a non-activated cementitious material into the well bore (110, 510); and release a chemical from the activator collar into the well bore (110, 510). 42. Method according to claim 41, characterized in that the release of the chemical is initiated by the increase in pressure on an inner surface of the coating column (100, 500) or the release of the chemical is initiated by the movement of the column of coating (100, 500).