BR102021012696A2 - IMPROVED PULP BASED MATERIALS AND CONTAINERS PRODUCED FROM THEM - Google Patents

Abstract

improved cellulose-based materials and containers produced therefrom. the present disclosure provides cellulose-based material and containers utilizing the cellulose-based material. more particularly, the present disclosure provides cellulose-based material comprising strength-enhancing preparations and improved containers produced from the strength-enhanced cellulose-based materials.

Description

IMPROVED PULP BASED MATERIALS AND CONTAINERS PRODUCED FROM THEM BACKGROUND

[001] The present disclosure relates to a cellulose-based material, and particularly to containers utilizing the cellulose-based material. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to cellulose-based material comprising strength-enhancing preparations and improved containers produced with the strength-enhanced cellulose-based materials.

SUMMARY

[002] Containers are used to store, ship and protect a multitude of products from damage. Typically, these containers can be stacked on top of each other during general use, thereby exposing certain containers within the stack to significant weight loads. As a result, the strength of the containers and the materials that make them up is of utmost importance.

[003] In addition, environmental factors must be taken into account when developing containers. For example, containers that contain cellulosic fibers are subject to swelling due to absorption of water by the fibers, thus weakening the containers. As a result, containers used in activities that have high relative humidity (eg the food supply chain) must be prepared with sufficient strength characteristics to prevent weakening due to wet conditions.

[004] Therefore, the present disclosure provides cellulose-based materials and containers produced therefrom that address the desired strength and performance issues known in the art. A cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure includes cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry-strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet-strength chemical preparation. In addition, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure can be used in containers as described herein.

[005] The cellulose-based materials and containers of the present disclosure provide several advantages and improvements compared to the prior art. First, cellulose-based material, including cellulosic fibers that are treated with a dry-strength chemical preparation and a wet-strength chemical preparation, provide a significant strength improvement (i.e., a significant reduction in loss of strength) that is seen in both cellulose-based materials and containers produced from the cellulose-based material. Furthermore, improvement in strength can be observed in conditions of high relative humidity, in order to provide significant advantages for activities carried out in such humid conditions. Furthermore, the cellulose-based materials and containers of the present disclosure are recyclable, repulpable, and recyclable, which is highly desirable from an environmental point of view. Furthermore, a synergistic effect on strength enhancement can be observed for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation and a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials. This synergistic effect was surprising and unexpected.

[006] In illustrative embodiments, a cellulose-based material comprising cellulosic fibers is provided. For these embodiments, the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet strength chemical preparation.

[007] In illustrative embodiments, a container is provided that comprises a cellulose-based material comprising cellulosic fibers. For these embodiments, the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet strength chemical preparation.

[008] Additional features of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the illustrative embodiments that exemplify the best mode of carrying out the disclosure, as presented herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS

[009] The detailed description refers particularly to the attached Figures in which:

[010] Figure 1 is a view of an exemplary container board formed from the cellulose-based material described herein. As shown in Figure 1, two containerboard compositions are provided for the outer layers of the containerboard and an intermediate composition is provided for the fluted inner layer that has been formed sinusoidally.

[011] Figure 2 shows a BCT greater than 85% relative humidity for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials.

[012] Figure 3 shows that a synergistic strength enhancement was observed for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials.

[013] Figure 4 shows that the inclusion of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT when normalized to 180 kg/1000 m2 (36 lb/1000 ft2) compared to to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a dry-strength chemical preparation.

[014] Figure 5 shows that a synergistic strength enhancement was observed for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[015] In an illustrative aspect, a cellulose-based material is provided. The cellulose-based material comprises cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry-strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet-strength chemical preparation.

[016] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a paper-based material. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is paper. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a cardboard. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a crumb. A "crumb" is well known in the art as an inner layer of a container board. For example, in some embodiments, a crumb may be fluted and/or may be sinusoidal. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a liner. A "liner" is well known in the art as an outer layer of a container board. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a container board. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is recyclable For example, cellulose-based materials are known in the art to be certified for recycling Such an example of certification is by the Fiber Box Association (FBA) and various certifications are well known in the art.

[017] In one aspect, cellulosic fibers comprise virgin fibers. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers comprise recycled fibers. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers comprise a combination of virgin fibers and recycled fibers. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers can be recycled. In one aspect, the cellulose-based material can be recycled.

[018] The combination of virgin fibers and recycled fibers can fall into one of several different ranges. The blend can be one of the following ranges (in which the total percentage is 100%): approximately 1% to approximately 99% virgin fibers and approximately 1% to approximately 99% recycled fibers, approximately 5% to approximately 95% of virgin fibers and approximately 5% to approximately 95% of recycled fibers, approximately 10% to approximately 90% of virgin fibers and approximately 10% to approximately 90% of recycled fibers, approximately 15% to approximately 85% of virgin fibers and approximately 15 % to approximately 85% recycled fibers, approximately 20% to approximately 80% virgin fibers, and approximately 20% to approximately 80% recycled fibers, approximately 25% to approximately 75% virgin fibers, and approximately 25% to approximately 75% recycled fibers, approximately 30% to approximately 70% virgin fibers and approximately 30% to approximately 70% recycled fibers, approximately 35% to approx. approximately 65% virgin fibers and approximately 35% to approximately 65% recycled fibers, approximately 40% to approximately 60% virgin fibers and approximately 40% to approximately 60% recycled fibers, approximately 45% to approximately 55% virgin fibers and approximately 45% to approximately 55% recycled fibers, approximately 48% to approximately 52% virgin fibers and approximately 48% to approximately 52% recycled fibers and approximately 50% virgin fibers and approximately 50% recycled fibers.

[019] In one embodiment, the dry-state strength chemical preparation comprises an aldehyde-functionalized polymer. In one embodiment, the dry-strength chemical preparation comprises glyoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM). GPAM can be supplied, for example, as Solenis Hercobond Plus 555 (also known as BASF Luredur Plus 555), as Solenis Hercobond Plus HC (also known as BASF Luredur Plus HC) or as other GPAM formulations known in the art.

[020] In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.45-7.26 kg/dry t (1-16 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.91-3.63 kg/dry t (2-8 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/dry t (2 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/dry t (4 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb/t dry).

[021] In one aspect, the wet strength chemical preparation comprises a polyamide resin. In one aspect, the polyamide resin is a polyamidoamine and epihalohydrin resin. In one aspect, the polyamide resin is selected from the group consisting of EPI-polyamide resin, Epichlorohydrin-Polyamide (PAE) resin and Epichlorohydrin-polyamide resin. In one aspect, the polyamide resin is Polyamide-Epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin. The wet strength chemical preparation can be supplied, for example, as Kymene 1500LV, as Nalco 63642 or as other wet strength chemical formulations known in the art.

[022] In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.45-14.51 kg/dry t (1-32 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers at between 0.91-7.26 dry kg/t (2-16 dry lb/t). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers at between 0.91-3.63 kg/dry t (2-8 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/dry t (2 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/dry t (4 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb/t dry).

[023] In one embodiment, the cellulosic fibers are treated with a sizing agent. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is an internal sizing agent. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is a surface sizing agent. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA). In one embodiment, the sizing agent is pitch. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is alkyl ketene dimer (AKD).

[024] In one aspect, cellulosic fibers are treated with dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation at the same time. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are treated with dry strength chemical preparation and wet strength chemical preparation sequentially, in any order. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are treated with dry strength chemical preparation and wet strength chemical preparation separately. In one aspect, chemical dry-strength preparation and chemical wet-strength preparation are combined prior to treatment of the cellulosic fibers.

[025] In one embodiment, the cellulosic fibers are treated with an enzyme preparation. In one embodiment, the enzyme preparation comprises a polypeptide having amylase activity. In one embodiment, the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an enzyme preparation.

[026] In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are treated with an anionic surface preparation. In one aspect, the anionic surface preparation is an anionic polyacrylamide. In one aspect, the anionic surface preparation is a copolymer of acrylamide and unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, wherein (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, or any combination thereof. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an anionic surface preparation.

[027] The cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure can be determined to have certain properties. For example, cellulose-based material has a grammage. A grammage is generally understood in papermaking techniques to represent the mass per unit area of cellulose-based materials. For example, the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure can be compared to comparative cellulose-based materials that have a similar grammage, wherein the comparative cellulose-based materials lack the chemical preparation of wet strength, lack the preparation dry strength chemical preparation or lack both wet strength chemical preparation and dry strength chemical preparation.

[028] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material has a weight and a short-range compressive strength (SCT). Means of evaluating the compressive strength of a cellulose-based material by means of SCT (also known as "STFI") are well known in the art. In one embodiment, the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks dry-state strength chemical preparation. and chemical preparation of resistance in a wet state. In one embodiment, the major SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, SCT is observed at high relative humidity. For example, a "high relative humidity" can refer to a relative humidity of 50% or higher, a relative humidity of 55% or higher, a relative humidity of 60% or higher, a relative humidity of 65% or higher. more, at a relative humidity of 70% or more, at a relative humidity of 75% or more, at a relative humidity of 80% or more, at a relative humidity of 85% or more, at a relative humidity of 90% or more more or a relative humidity of 95% or more.

[029] In one embodiment, the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical strength preparation in dry state. In one embodiment, the major SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[030] In one embodiment, the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical strength preparation in wet state. In one embodiment, the major SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[031] In one embodiment, the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT to the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at high relative humidity. The synergistic increase in SCT for the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[032] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material has a short-range grammage and compressive strength index (SCT Index). Generally speaking, determining the SCT Index of a cellulose-based material is well known in the art by dividing the average SCT value of the cellulose-based material by the average weight of the cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and chemical preparation of strength in the wet state. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[033] In one embodiment, the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in dry state. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[034] In one embodiment, the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in wet state. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[035] In one embodiment, dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT Index for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity. The synergistic increase in SCT Index for the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[036] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material has a weight and a value of Concora. Means for evaluating flat crushing of a cellulose-based material by means of Conncora are well known in the art. In one embodiment, the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and chemical preparation of strength in the wet state. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[037] In one embodiment, the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in dry state. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[038] In one embodiment, the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in wet state. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[039] In one embodiment, the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in the Concora value for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the Concora value is observed at high relative humidity. The synergistic increase in the Concora value for the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[040] In an illustrative aspect, a container comprising a cellulose-based material is provided. The container comprises cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet strength chemical preparation.

[041] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a paper-based material. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is paper. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a cardboard. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a crumb. A "crumb" is well known in the art as an inner layer of a container board. For example, in some embodiments, a crumb may be fluted and/or may be sinusoidal. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a liner. A "liner" is well known in the art as an outer layer of a container board. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is a container board. In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material is recyclable For example, cellulose-based materials are known in the art to be certified for recycling An example of certification is that of the Fiber Box Association (FBA) and various certifications are well known in the art.

[042] In one embodiment, the container is made of corrugated cardboard.

[043] In one aspect, cellulosic fibers comprise virgin fibers. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers comprise recycled fibers. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers comprise a combination of virgin fibers and recycled fibers. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers can be recycled. In one aspect, the container can be recycled.

[044] The combination of virgin fibers and recycled fibers can fall into one of several different ranges. The blend can be one of the following ranges (in which the total percentage is 100%): approximately 1% to approximately 99% virgin fibers and approximately 1% to approximately 99% recycled fibers, approximately 5% to approximately 95% of virgin fibers and approximately 5% to approximately 95% of recycled fibers, approximately 10% to approximately 90% of virgin fibers and approximately 10% to approximately 90% of recycled fibers, approximately 15% to approximately 85% of virgin fibers and approximately 15 % to approximately 85% recycled fibers, approximately 20% to approximately 80% virgin fibers, and approximately 20% to approximately 80% recycled fibers, approximately 25% to approximately 75% virgin fibers, and approximately 25% to approximately 75% recycled fibers, approximately 30% to approximately 70% virgin fibers and approximately 30% to approximately 70% recycled fibers, approximately 35% to approx. approximately 65% virgin fibers and approximately 35% to approximately 65% recycled fibers, approximately 40% to approximately 60% virgin fibers and approximately 40% to approximately 60% recycled fibers, approximately 45% to approximately 55% virgin fibers and approximately 45% to approximately 55% recycled fibers, approximately 48% to approximately 52% virgin fibers and approximately 48% to approximately 52% recycled fibers and approximately 50% virgin fibers and approximately 50% recycled fibers.

[045] In one embodiment, the dry-state strength chemical preparation comprises an aldehyde-functionalized polymer. In one embodiment, the dry-strength chemical preparation comprises glyoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM). GPAM can be supplied, for example, as Solenis Hercobond Plus 555 (also known as BASF Luredur Plus 555), as Solenis Hercobond Plus HC (also known as BASF Luredur Plus HC) or as other GPAM formulations known in the art.

[046] In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.45-7.26 kg/dry t (1-16 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.91-3.63 kg/dry t (2-8 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/dry t (2 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/dry t (4 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t dry). In one embodiment, GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb/t dry).

[047] In one aspect, the wet strength chemical preparation comprises a polyamide resin. In one aspect, the polyamide resin is a polyamidoamine and epihalohydrin resin. In one aspect, the polyamide resin is selected from the group consisting of EPI-polyamide resin, Epichlorohydrin-Polyamide (PAE) resin and Epichlorohydrin-polyamide resin. In one aspect, the polyamide resin is Polyamide-Epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin. The wet strength chemical preparation can be supplied, for example, as Kymene 1500LV, as Nalco 63642 or as other wet strength chemical formulations known in the art.

[048] In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers at between 0.45-14.51 kg/dry t (1-32 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers at between 0.91-7.26 dry kg/t (2-16 dry lb/t). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers at between 0.91-3.63 kg/dry t (2-8 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/dry t (2 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/dry t (4 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t dry). In one aspect, the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb/t dry).

[049] In one embodiment, the cellulosic fibers are treated with a sizing agent. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is an internal sizing agent. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is a surface sizing agent. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA). In one embodiment, the sizing agent is pitch. In one embodiment, the sizing agent is alkyl ketene dimer (AKD).

[050] In one aspect, cellulosic fibers are treated with dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation at the same time. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are treated with dry strength chemical preparation and wet strength chemical preparation sequentially, in any order. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are treated with dry strength chemical preparation and wet strength chemical preparation separately. In one aspect, chemical dry-strength preparation and chemical wet-strength preparation are combined prior to treatment of the cellulosic fibers.

[051] In one embodiment, the cellulosic fibers are treated with an enzyme preparation. In one embodiment, the enzyme preparation comprises a polypeptide having amylase activity. In one embodiment, the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an enzyme preparation.

[052] In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are treated with an anionic surface preparation. In one aspect, the anionic surface preparation is an anionic polyacrylamide. In one aspect, the anionic surface preparation is a copolymer of acrylamide and unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, wherein (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, or any combination thereof. In one aspect, the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an anionic surface preparation.

[053] The cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure can be determined to have certain properties. For example, cellulose-based material has a grammage. A grammage is generally understood in papermaking techniques to represent the mass per unit area of cellulose-based materials. For example, the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure can be compared to comparative cellulose-based materials that have a similar grammage, wherein the comparative cellulose-based materials lack the chemical preparation of wet strength, lack the preparation dry strength chemical preparation or lack both wet strength chemical preparation and dry strength chemical preparation.

[054] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material has a weight and a short-range compressive strength (SCT). Means of evaluating the compressive strength of a cellulose-based material by means of SCT (also known as "STFI") are well known in the art. In one embodiment, the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks dry-state strength chemical preparation. and chemical preparation of resistance in a wet state. In one embodiment, the major SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, SCT is observed at high relative humidity. For example, a "high relative humidity" can refer to a relative humidity of 50% or higher, a relative humidity of 55% or higher, a relative humidity of 60% or higher, a relative humidity of 65% or higher. more, at a relative humidity of 70% or more, at a relative humidity of 75% or more, at a relative humidity of 80% or more, at a relative humidity of 85% or more, at a relative humidity of 90% or more more or a relative humidity of 95% or more.

[055] In one embodiment, the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical strength preparation in dry state. In one embodiment, the major SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[056] In one embodiment, the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical strength preparation in wet state. In one embodiment, the major SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[057] In one embodiment, the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT to the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at high relative humidity. The synergistic increase in SCT for the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[058] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material has a short-range grammage and compressive strength index (SCT Index). Generally speaking, determining the SCT Index of a cellulose-based material is well known in the art by dividing the average SCT value of the cellulose-based material by the average weight of the cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and chemical preparation of strength in the wet state. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[059] In one embodiment, the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in dry state. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[060] In one embodiment, the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in wet state. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the highest SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[061] In one embodiment, dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT Index for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity. The synergistic increase in SCT Index for the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[062] In one embodiment, the cellulose-based material has a weight and a value of Concora. Means for evaluating flat crushing of a cellulose-based material by means of Conncora are well known in the art. In one embodiment, the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and chemical preparation of strength in the wet state. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[063] In one embodiment, the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in dry state. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[064] In one embodiment, the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in wet state. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the largest Concora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[065] In one embodiment, the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in the Concora value for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the Concora value is observed at dry relative humidity. In one embodiment, the synergistic increase in the Concora value is observed at high relative humidity. The synergistic increase in the Concora value for the cellulose-based materials of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[066] The containers of the present disclosure can be determined to have certain properties. For example, the containers may comprise a cellulose-based material of one grammage. A grammage is generally understood in papermaking techniques to represent the mass per unit area of cellulose-based materials. For example, the containers of the present disclosure can be compared to comparative containers that comprise cellulose-based materials of a similar grammage in which the comparative cellulose-based materials lack the chemical strength preparation in the wet state, lack the chemical preparation of strength. in a dry state or lack both the chemical strength preparation in the wet state and the chemical strength preparation in the dry state.

[067] In one embodiment, the container has a box compressive strength (BCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity. In one embodiment, the BCT50 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the grammage paper machine and which lacks preparation. chemical resistance in the dry state and the chemical preparation of resistance in the wet state. In one embodiment, the BCT50 is greater than a CBCT50 measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical dry strength preparation. In one embodiment, the BCT50 is greater than a CBCT50 box compressive strength measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and lacks chemical strength preparation in wet state. In one embodiment, the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in BCT50 for the container compared to the comparative container. The synergistic increase in BCT50 for the recipients of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[068] In one embodiment, the container has a box compressive strength (BCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity. In one embodiment, the BCT85 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical preparation. strength in the dry state and the chemical preparation of the strength in the wet state. In one embodiment, the BCT85 is greater than a CBCT85 measured at 85% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical dry strength preparation. In one embodiment, the BCT85 is greater than a CBCT85 box compressive strength measured at 85% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical strength preparation in wet state. In one embodiment, the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in BCT85 for the container compared to the comparative container. The synergistic increase in BCT85 for recipients of the present disclosure is demonstrated in the subsequent examples and was unexpected.

[069] The following numbered modalities are contemplated and are not limiting:

[070] 1. A cellulose-based material comprising cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet strength chemical preparation.

[071] 2. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a paper-based material.

[072] 3. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is paper.

[073] 4. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a paperboard.

[074] 5. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a medium.

[075] 6. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a liner.

[076] 7. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a container board.

[077] 8. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is recyclable.

[078] 9. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise virgin fibers.

[079] 10. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise recycled fibers.

[080] 11. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise a combination of virgin fibers and recycled fibers.

[081] 12. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, in which the cellulosic fibers may be recycled.

[082] 13. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material may be recycled.

[083] 14. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry-strength chemical preparation comprises an aldehyde-functionalized polymer.

[084] 15. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry-strength chemical preparation comprises glyoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM).

[085] 16. The cellulose-based material of clause 15, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.45-7.26 kg/dry t ( 1-16 lb/t dry).

[086] 17. The cellulose-based material of clause 15, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.91-3.63 kg/dry t ( 2-8 lb/t dry).

[087] 18. The cellulose-based material of clause 15, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/t dry (2 lb/t droughts).

[088] 19. The cellulosic material of clause 15, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/t dry (4 lb/t droughts).

[089] 20. The cellulose-based material of clause 15, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t droughts).

[090] 21. The cellulosic material of clause 15, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/t dry (8 lb/t droughts).

[091] 22. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the wet strength chemical preparation comprises a polyamide resin.

[092] 23. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is a polyamidoamine and epihalohydrin resin.

[093] 24. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is selected from the group consisting of EPI-Polyamide resin, resin of Polyamide-Epichlorohydrin (PAE) and Epichlorohydrin-Polyamide resin.

[094] 25. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is Epichlorohydrin-Polyamide (PAE) resin.

[095] 26. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at between 0.45-14.51 kg/t dry (1-32 lb/t dry).

[096] 27. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at between 0.91-7.26 kg/t dry (2-16 lb/t dry).

[097] 28. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at between 0.91-3.63 kg/t dry (2-8 lb/t dry).

[098] 29. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/t dry (2 lb /t dry).

[099] 30. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/t dry (4 lb /t dry).

[0100] 31. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/t dry (6 lb /t dry).

[0101] 32. The cellulose-based material of clause 22, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb /t dry).

[0102] 33. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with a sizing agent.

[0103] 34. The cellulose-based material of clause 33, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is an internal sizing agent.

[0104] 35. The cellulose-based material of clause 33, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is a surface sizing agent.

[0105] 36. The cellulose-based material of clause 33, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA).

[0106] 37. The cellulose-based material of clause 33, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is pitch.

[0107] 38. The cellulose-based material of clause 33, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is alkyl ketene dimer (AKD).

[0108] 39. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with chemical dry strength preparation and chemical preparation of resistance in wet state at the same time.

[0109] 40. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated sequentially with the chemical preparation of dry strength and the chemical preparation of resistance in wet state.

[0110] 41. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated separately with the dry strength chemical preparation and the chemical preparation resistance in wet state.

[0111] 42. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation are combined before treatment of cellulosic fibers.

[0112] 43. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with an enzyme preparation.

[0113] 44. The cellulose-based material of clause 43, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the enzyme preparation comprises a polypeptide having amylase activity.

[0114] 45. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an enzyme preparation.

[0115] 46. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with an anionic surface preparation.

[0116] 47. The cellulose-based material of clause 46, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the anionic surface preparation is an anionic polyacrylamide.

[0117] 48. The cellulose-based material of clause 46, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the anionic surface preparation is a copolymer of acrylamide and unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, which is (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid or any combination thereof.

[0118] 49. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an anionic surface preparation.

[0119] 50. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material has a weight and a short-range compressive strength (SCT) .

[0120] 51. The cellulose-based material of clause 50, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, in which the base cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks chemical preparation for strength in the dry state and chemical preparation for strength in the wet state.

[0121] 52. The cellulose-based material of clause 51, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT is observed at a dry relative humidity.

[0122] 53. The cellulose-based material of clause 51, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0123] 54. The cellulose-based material of clause 50, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state.

[0124] 55. The cellulose-based material of clause 54, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT is observed at a dry relative humidity.

[0125] 56. The cellulose-based material of clause 54, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0126] 57. The cellulose-based material of clause 50, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state.

[0127] 58. The cellulose-based material of clause 57, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0128] 59. The cellulose-based material of clause 57, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0129] 60. The cellulose-based material of clause 50, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide an increase synergistic in SCT for the cellulose-based material compared to the cellulose-based material.

[0130] 61. The cellulose-based material of clause 60, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0131] 62. The cellulose-based material of clause 60, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0132] 63. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material has a grammage and a short-range compressive strength index ( SCT index).

[0133] 64. The cellulose-based material of clause 63, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced in the paper production machine, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state and the chemical preparation of resistance in the wet state.

[0134] 65. The cellulose-based material of clause 64, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0135] 66. The cellulose-based material of clause 64, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0136] 67. The cellulose-based material of clause 63, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced in the paper production machine, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state.

[0137] 68. The cellulose-based material of clause 67, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT Index is observed at a dry relative humidity.

[0138] 69. The cellulose-based material of clause 67, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0139] 70. The cellulose-based material of clause 63, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced in the paper production machine, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks chemical preparation for resistance in a wet state.

[0140] 71. The cellulose-based material of clause 70, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0141] 72. The cellulose-based material of clause 70, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the higher SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0142] 73. The cellulose-based material of clause 63, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide an increase synergistic in the SCT Index for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material.

[0143] 74. The cellulose-based material of clause 73, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0144] 75. The cellulose-based material of clause 73, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0145] 76. The cellulose-based material of clause 1, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material has a weight and a value of Concora.

[0146] 77. The cellulose-based material of clause 76, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced in the paper production machine, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state and the chemical preparation of resistance in the wet state.

[0147] 78. The cellulose-based material of clause 77, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0148] 79. The cellulose-based material of clause 77, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where the highest Conncora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[0149] 80. The cellulose-based material of clause 76, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced in the paper production machine, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state.

[0150] 81. The cellulose-based material of clause 80, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0151] 82. The cellulose-based material of clause 80, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, where the highest Conncora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[0152] 83. The cellulose-based material of clause 76, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced in the paper production machine, in which the cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks chemical preparation for resistance in a wet state.

[0153] 84. The cellulose-based material of clause 83, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0154] 85. The cellulose-based material of clause 83, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where the highest Conncora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[0155] 86. The cellulose-based material of clause 76, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide an increase synergistic in the Concora value for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material.

[0156] 87. The cellulose-based material of clause 86, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in the value of Concora is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0157] 88. The cellulose-based material of clause 86, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in the value of Concora is observed at high relative humidity.

[0158] 89. A container comprising a cellulose-based material comprising cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry strength chemical preparation and ii) a wet strength chemical preparation.

[0159] 90. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a paper-based material.

[0160] 91. The recipient of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is paper.

[0161] 92. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a paperboard.

[0162] 93. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a medium.

[0163] 94. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a liner.

[0164] 95. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is a container board.

[0165] 96. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material is recyclable.

[0166] 97. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the container is produced from corrugated board.

[0167] 98. The recipient of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise virgin fibers.

[0168] 99. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise recycled fibers.

[0169] 100. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers comprise a combination of virgin fibers and recycled fibers.

[0170] 101. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, in which cellulosic fibers may be recycled.

[0171] 102. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the container may be recycled.

[0172] 103. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry strength chemical preparation comprises an aldehyde functionalized polymer.

[0173] 104. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry strength chemical preparation comprises glyoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM).

[0174] 105. The container of clause 104, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.45-7.26 kg/dry t (1-16 lb /t dry).

[0175] 106. The container of clause 104, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.91-3.63 kg/dry t (2-8 lb /t dry).

[0176] 107. The container of clause 104, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/dry t (2 lb/t dry).

[0177] 108. The container of clause 104, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/dry t (4 lb/t dry).

[0178] 109. The container of clause 104, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t dry).

[0179] 110. The container of clause 104, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein GPAM is applied to cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb/t dry).

[0180] 111. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the wet strength chemical preparation comprises a polyamide resin.

[0181] 112. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is a polyamidoamine and epihalohydrin resin.

[0182] 113. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is selected from the group consisting of EPI-Polyamide resin, Polyamide-Epichlorohydrin resin (PAE) and Epichlorohydrin-polyamide resin.

[0183] 114. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is Polyamide-Epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin.

[0184] 115. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.45-14.51 kg/t dry (1- 32 lb/t dry).

[0185] 116. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to cellulosic fibers between 0.91-7.26 kg/t dry (2- 16 lb/t dry).

[0186] 117. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers between 0.91-3.63 kg/t dry (2- 8 lb/t dry).

[0187] 118. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 0.91 kg/dry t (2 lb/t dry) .

[0188] 119. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 1.81 kg/dry t (4 lb/t dry) .

[0189] 120. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 2.72 kg/dry t (6 lb/t dry) .

[0190] 121. The container of clause 111, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the polyamide resin is applied to the cellulosic fibers at 3.63 kg/dry t (8 lb/t dry) .

[0191] 122. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with a sizing agent.

[0192] 123. The recipient of clause 122, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, where the sizing agent is an internal sizing agent.

[0193] 124. The container of clause 122, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is a surface sizing agent.

[0194] 125. The recipient of clause 122, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA).

[0195] 126. The recipient of clause 122, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, where the sizing agent is pitch.

[0196] 127. The recipient of clause 122, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the sizing agent is alkyl ketene dimer (AKD).

[0197] 128. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with the chemical dry strength preparation and the chemical wet strength preparation Same time.

[0198] 129. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with the chemical dry strength preparation and the chemical wet strength preparation sequentially .

[0199] 130. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation separately .

[0200] 131. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein chemical dry strength preparation and chemical wet strength chemical preparation are combined prior to fiber treatment cellulosic

[0201] 132. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with an enzyme preparation.

[0202] 133. The recipient of clause 132, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the enzyme preparation comprises a polypeptide having amylase activity.

[0203] 134. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an enzyme preparation.

[0204] 135. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with an anionic surface preparation.

[0205] 136. The container of clause 135, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the anionic surface preparation is an anionic polyacrylamide.

[0206] 137. The container of clause 135, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the anionic surface preparation is a copolymer of acrylamide and unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers, wherein (meth) acid acrylic, maleic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid or any combination thereof.

[0207] 138. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulosic fibers are not treated with an anionic surface preparation.

[0208] 139. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material has a weight and a short-range compressive strength (SCT).

[0209] 140. The recipient of clause 139, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the dry state strength chemical preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation.

[0210] 141. The container of clause 140, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0211] 142. The container of clause 140, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0212] 143. The recipient of clause 139, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry strength.

[0213] 144. The container of clause 143, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at a dry relative humidity.

[0214] 145. The container of clause 143, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where the greater SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0215] 146. The recipient of clause 139, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the wet strength chemical preparation.

[0216] 147. The container of clause 146, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0217] 148. The container of clause 146, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, where the greater SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0218] 149. The container of clause 139, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material.

[0219] 150. The recipient of clause 149, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0220] 151. The recipient of clause 149, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT is observed at high relative humidity.

[0221] 152. The container of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material has a weight and a short-range compressive strength index (SCT Index) .

[0222] 153. The container of clause 152, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, where the material comparative SCT Index has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and the chemical preparation of strength in the wet state.

[0223] 154. The recipient of clause 153, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0224] 155. The recipient of clause 153, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0225] 156. The recipient of clause 152, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, in which the material comparative SCT Index has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry strength.

[0226] 157. The recipient of clause 156, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0227] 158. The recipient of clause 156, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0228] 159. The recipient of clause 152, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, in which the material comparative SCT Index has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in the wet state.

[0229] 160. The container of clause 159, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0230] 161. The recipient of clause 159, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0231] 162. The container of clause 152, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in the SCT for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material.

[0232] 163. The recipient of clause 162, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in SCT Index is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0233] 164. The recipient of clause 162, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in the SCT Index is observed at high relative humidity.

[0234] 165. The recipient of clause 89, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the cellulose-based material has a weight and a value of Concora.

[0235] 166. The container of clause 165, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the Conncora value is greater than a comparative Conncora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the machine paper production, where the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry-state strength and chemical preparation of strength in the wet state.

[0236] 167. The recipient of clause 166, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0237] 168. The recipient of clause 166, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[0238] 169. The container of clause 165, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the Conncora value is greater than a comparative Conncora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the machine paper production, where the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry strength.

[0239] 170. The recipient of clause 169, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0240] 171. The recipient of clause 169, of any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[0241] 172. The container of clause 165, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the Conncora value is greater than a comparative Conncora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper production, in which the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of resistance in the wet state.

[0242] 173. The recipient of clause 172, of any other suitable clause, or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0243] 174. The recipient of clause 172, of any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the greater Conncora value is observed at high relative humidity.

[0244] 175. The container of clause 165, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in the value of Anchors to the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material.

[0245] 176. The recipient of clause 175, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in the value of Concora is observed at dry relative humidity.

[0246] 177. The recipient of clause 175, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the synergistic increase in the value of Concora is observed at high relative humidity.

[0247] 178. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the container has a box compressive strength (BCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity.

[0248] 179. The container of clause 178, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the BCT50 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical preparation of strength in dry state and chemical preparation of strength in wet state.

[0249] 180. The container of clause 178, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the BCT50 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical strength preparation in dry state.

[0250] 181. The container of clause 178, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the BCT50 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine with grammage and without chemical preparation of resistance in wet state.

[0251] 182. The container of clause 178, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the dry chemical strength preparation and the wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in BCT50 for the container compared to the comparative container.

[0252] 183. The container of clause 89, of any other suitable clause or of any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the container has a box compressive strength (BCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity.

[0253] 184. The container of clause 183, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the BCT85 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT85) measured at 858% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical strength preparation in the dry state and without chemical strength preparation in the wet state.

[0254] 185. The container of clause 183, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the BCT85 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine at grammage and without chemical strength preparation in dry state.

[0255] 186. The container of clause 183, any other suitable clause or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein the BCT50 is greater than a comparative box compressive strength (CBCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine with grammage and without chemical preparation of resistance in wet state.

[0256] 187. The container of clause 183, any other suitable clause, or any combination of suitable clauses, wherein dry chemical strength preparation and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in BCT85 for the container compared to the comparative container.

EXAMPLES EXAMPLE 1 PAPER TEST No. 1 [FACTORY A]

[0257] In the present example, an exemplary cellulose-based material is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The assessments in the present example include Short Range Compressive Strength (SCT), SCT Index and Concora values.

[0258] For the present example, several different cellulose-based materials with a grammage of 36 were prepared and compared. The preparation of the different cellulose-based materials included varying the weight of the material, the presence of a chemical strength preparation in the wet state and the presence and quantity of a chemical strength preparation in the dry state.

[0259] The various cellulose-based materials with a weight of 36 were compared to other cellulose-based materials with a weight of 40 or a weight of 45. The evaluations of the other cellulose-based materials (ie, with a weight of 45). weight of 40 or a weight of 45) are based on average production cycles at the mill for Paper Assay #1.

*Resistência em estado úmido média adicionada; modificada conforme as concentrações de resistência em estado úmido estabilizadas no sistema.[0260] The characteristics of the different cellulose-based materials are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1.

* Added average wet strength; modified according to the stabilized wet strength concentrations in the system.

[0261] As an exemplary procedure, the cellulose-based material can be produced using a slurry comprising cellulosic fibers. The general process for producing cellulose-based material is well known in the art and may use primary materials such as trees, logs and/or chips to provide the cellulosic fibers. These raw materials are heated in a "fiber removal" method, and the resulting cellulosic fibers are then processed with water to form the slurry. The general process for producing cellulose-based materials is described, for example, in in US Patent No. 7,648,772 and US Patent No. 7,682,486, incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0262] For example, virgin fibers, recycled fibers (eg old corrugated containers, other recycled paper products and the like) or combinations thereof can be used in the slurry. The slurry may also comprise, for example, water, mechanical fibers (e.g., NSSC), ash content, and other materials known in the art.

[0263] Wet strength chemical preparation and dry strength chemical preparation are then added to the slurry. Wet strength chemical preparation and dry strength chemical preparation can be added to the slurry separately or together and can also be added to the slurry in any order.

[0264] After combining the ingredients, the slurry forms a manda and then is dried to produce the cellulose-based material.

[0265] Cellulose-based materials were evaluated for SCT values according to the procedures of TAPPI 826, entitled "Short span compression strength of containerboard". The SCT evaluation can determine the compressive strength towards the edges of Cellulose-based materials such as container board with a reach to thickness ratio of 5 or less (weight #100 g/m2 (20/msf) or more) An L&W 152 STFI tester can be used as equipment for the SCT assessment.

[0266] Cellulose-based materials were evaluated for the SCT Index by calculating the average SCT value divided by the average sample weight (ie, grammage). For weight determinations, the procedures of TAPPI T 410, entitled "Grammage of paper and paperboard (weight per unit area)" were used. For example, a Toledo Grammature Scale or a Mettler analytical balance can be used as an evaluation equipment. of grammage.

[0267] Cellulose-based materials were evaluated for Concora values according to the procedures of TAPPI 809 entitled "Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT Test)". crushing of the structure on corrugator or finishing equipment, and the Concora assessment allows for testing prior to the manufacture of cardboard or containers from cellulose-based materials. The Concora assessment is also used to determine manufacturing efficiency.

[0268] An L&W SE 108 Sample Crease Cutter, a flute former and a code 248 L&W Crust Tester can be used as equipment for the Concora assessment.

*Resistência em estado úmido média adicionada; modificada conforme as concentrações de resistência em estado úmido estabilizadas no sistema.[0269] The evaluations and comparison of the different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 2.
TABLE 2.

* Added average wet strength; modified according to the stabilized wet strength concentrations in the system.

[0270] As shown in Table 2, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure was superior to the comparative cellulose-based materials. First, the inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT, SCT Index and Concora values compared to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a dry strength chemical preparation.

[0271] In the present example, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure, even when prepared using a lower grammage, demonstrated superior or similar values of SCT, SCT Index and Concora compared to other materials at the same time. based on cellulose prepared with a higher grammage. Thus, the lower grammage cellulose-based material, when prepared in accordance with the present disclosure, performs better than the higher grammage comparative cellulose-based material. This improved performance provides an advantage in that the cellulose-based material prepared in accordance with the present disclosure uses at least 10% less of the material to generate a product with desirable characteristics compared to traditional papermaking procedures.

EXAMPLE 2 PAPER TEST No. 2 [FACTORY B]

[0272] In the present example, an exemplary cellulose-based material is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The assessments in the present example include Short Range Compressive Strength (SCT), SCT Index and Concora values.

[0273] For the present example, different cellulose-based materials were prepared and compared with a weight of 36. The preparation of the different cellulose-based materials included the variation of the weight of the material, the presence of a chemical resistance preparation in wet state and the presence and amount of a chemical resistance preparation in the dry state.

[0274] The various cellulose-based materials with a weight of 36 were compared to other cellulose-based materials with a weight of 40 or a weight of 45. The evaluations of the other cellulose-based materials (that is, with a weight of 45). weight of 40 or a weight of 45) are based on average production cycles in a mill similar to Paper Assay #2.

*Resistência em estado úmido média adicionada; modificada conforme as concentrações de resistência em estado úmido estabilizadas no sistema.[0275] The characteristics of the different cellulose-based materials are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3.

* Added average wet strength; modified according to the stabilized wet strength concentrations in the system.

[0276] The process for preparing the cellulose-based materials for the present example was similar to that of Example 1. In addition, the methods of evaluating SCT, SCT Index and Concora values were identical to those of Example 1.

*Resistência em estado úmido média adicionada; modificada conforme as concentrações de resistência em estado úmido estabilizadas no sistema.[0277] The evaluations and comparison of the different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 4.
TABLE 4.

* Added average wet strength; modified according to the stabilized wet strength concentrations in the system.

[0278] As shown in Table 4, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure was superior to the comparative cellulose-based materials. First, the inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT, SCT Index and Concora values compared to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a dry strength chemical preparation.

[0279] In the present example, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure, even when prepared using a lower grammage, demonstrated superior or similar values of SCT, SCT Index and Concora compared to other materials at the same time. based on cellulose prepared with a higher grammage. Thus, the lower grammage cellulose-based material, when prepared in accordance with the present disclosure, performs better than the higher grammage comparative cellulose-based material. This improved performance provides an advantage in that the cellulose-based material prepared in accordance with the present disclosure uses at least 10% less of the material to generate a product with desirable characteristics compared to traditional papermaking procedures.

EXAMPLE 3 PAPER TEST No. 3 [FACTORY C]

[0280] In the present example, an exemplary cellulose-based material is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The assessments in the present example include Short Range Compressive Strength (SCT), SCT Index and Concora values.

[0281] For the present example, several different cellulose-based materials with a grammage of 36 were prepared and compared. The preparation of the different cellulose-based materials included varying the weight of the material, the presence of a chemical strength preparation in the wet state and the presence and quantity of a chemical strength preparation in the dry state.

[0282] The various cellulose-based materials with a weight of 36 were compared to other cellulose-based materials with a weight of 40 or a weight of 45. The evaluations of the other cellulose-based materials (that is, with a weight of 45). weight of 40 or a weight of 45) are based on average production cycles at the mill for Paper Assay #3.

*Resistência em estado úmido média adicionada; modificada conforme as concentrações de resistência em estado úmido estabilizadas no sistema.[0283] The characteristics of the different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 5.
TABLE 5.

* Added average wet strength; modified according to the stabilized wet strength concentrations in the system.

[0284] The process for preparing the cellulose-based materials for the present example was similar to that of Example 1. In addition, the methods of evaluating SCT, SCT Index and Concora values were identical to those of Example 1.

*Resistência em estado úmido média adicionada; modificada conforme as concentrações de resistência em estado úmido estabilizadas no sistema.[0285] The evaluations and comparison of different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 6.
TABLE 6.

* Added average wet strength; modified according to the stabilized wet strength concentrations in the system.

[0286] As shown in Table 6, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure was superior to the comparative cellulose-based materials. First, the inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT, SCT Index and Concora values compared to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a dry strength chemical preparation.

[0287] In the present example, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure, even when prepared using a lower grammage, demonstrated superior or similar values of SCT, SCT Index and Concora compared to other materials at the same time. based on cellulose prepared with a higher grammage. Thus, the lower grammage cellulose-based material, when prepared in accordance with the present disclosure, performs better than the higher grammage comparative cellulose-based material. This improved performance provides an advantage in that the cellulose-based material prepared in accordance with the present disclosure uses at least 10% less of the material to generate a product with desirable characteristics compared to traditional papermaking procedures.

EXAMPLE 4 PAPER TEST No. 4 [FACTORY B]

[0288] In the present example, an exemplary cellulose-based material is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The assessments in the present example include Short Range Compressive Strength (SCT), SCT Index and Concora values.

[0289] For the present example, several different cellulose-based materials were prepared and compared with a weight of 23. The preparation of the different cellulose-based materials included varying the weight of the material, the presence of a chemical resistance preparation in a wet state and the presence and amount of a chemical resistance preparation in a dry state.

[0290] The various cellulose-based materials with a weight of 23 were compared to other cellulose-based materials with a weight of 26 or a weight of 30. The evaluations of the other cellulose-based materials (i.e., with a weight of 30). weight of 26 or a weight of 30) are based on average production cycles at the mill for Paper Assay #4.

[0291] The characteristics of the different cellulose-based materials are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7.

[0292] The process of preparing the cellulose-based materials for the present example was similar to that of Example 1. In addition, the methods of evaluating SCT, SCT Index and Concora values were identical to those of Example 1.

[0293] The evaluations and comparison of the different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 8.
TABLE 8.

[0294] As shown in Table 8, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure was superior to the comparative cellulose-based materials. First, the inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT, SCT Index and Concora values compared to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a dry strength chemical preparation.

[0295] In the present example, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure, even when prepared using a lower grammage, demonstrated superior or similar values of SCT, SCT Index and Concora compared to other materials at the same time. based on cellulose prepared with a higher grammage. Thus, the lower grammage cellulose-based material, when prepared in accordance with the present disclosure, performs better than the higher grammage comparative cellulose-based material. This improved performance provides an advantage in that the cellulose-based material prepared in accordance with the present disclosure uses at least 10% less of the material to generate a product with desirable characteristics compared to traditional papermaking procedures.

EXAMPLE 5 CONTAINER TEST No. 1 [PLANT D]

[0296] In the present example, an exemplary container is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The ratings in the present example include crate compressive strength measured at 50% relative humidity (BCT50) and crate compressive strength measured at 85% relative humidity (BCT85).

[0297] For the present example, different containers were prepared using various cellulose-based materials and then compared. The preparation of the containers comprised different cellulose-based materials that varied in the grammage of the material and in the presence and amount of a chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state.

[0298] The same liner cylinders (24 kg (56 lb) liner) were used for each container of the various factory containers.

[0299] The characteristics of the different containers are shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9.

[0300] With the use of various cellulose-based materials, a corrugator can be used to produce corrugated sheets. A Corrugator can range from approximately 76.2 to approximately 121.92 meters (approximately 250 to approximately 400 feet) in length with a width range of approximately 170.18 centimeters to approximately 335.28 centimeters (67 inches to approximately 132 inches). Typical corrugators may include a single single facer where the top liner can be starch bonded to a core that has been corrugated via corrugation rolls. Corrugators are known to those skilled in the art and may include, for example, those manufactured by United, BHS, MHI, Fosber and the like.

[0301] The second side coating can then be adhered with starch to the single-sided sheet in a “Doublefacer” or “Doublebacker” apparatus. The resulting combined cardboard gap can then be cut to specified widths and can be marked for folding in the container production process. A trimming knife can be used to cut the container to the desired length. Typically, a corrugator can operate at a speed of approximately 3.04 to 6.09 meters per second (m/s) (600 to approximately 1200 feet per minute (fpm)) and may vary according to general knowledge in the art. .

[0302] Thereafter, the combined cardboard sheets can be processed through a primary finishing process, depending on the desired end use. For example, a finishing process on a Flexo Folder Gluer (Flexo Folder Gluer) or on a Die Cutting equipment can be used. A Flexo Folder Paster may include a feed section, print section, countersink-marker and a folder paste section. A crease cutter can be, for example, rotary or a plate (table guillotine) and produces cardboard containers that are not typically glued.

[0303] Cellulose-based materials can be evaluated for BCT50 values in accordance with the procedures of TAPPI T-804 om-06 entitled “Compression Test of Fiberboard Shipping Containers”. Containers can be conditioned at a temperature of 22 .7 °C (73 °F) and 50% relative humidity for the evaluation of BCT50, as it is important to provide a uniform moisture content for the test (see T402, entitled "Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for paper, board , pulp hand sheets, and related products”).

[0304] First, containers can be pre-conditioned in a pre-conditioning chamber. Temperature and humidity preconditioning can be carried out overnight or for at least 2 hours (e.g. lining, media, bag or other cellulose-based materials), at least 7 hours (e.g. corrugated board, solid or open containers), at least 14 hours (e.g. sealed containers) or 72 hours (e.g. cardboard and steam resistant (waxed) containers).

[0305] After that, the containers are removed from the pre-conditioning chamber and placed in the conditioning. Temperature and humidity conditioning can be carried out overnight or for at least 4 hours (e.g. lining, core, bag or other cellulose-based materials), at least 8 hours (e.g. corrugated board, solid fiber or open containers), at least 16 hours (eg sealed containers) or 72 hours (eg cardboard and steam-resistant (waxed) containers).

[0306] The BCT50 assessment can measure the ability of containers, such as corrugated or solid fiber shipping containers, to resist external compressive forces. A higher BCT50 value is desirable due to the fact that external compressive forces may be encountered in stacking containers or transporting containers.

[0307] An Emerson Model 6210 Tester and/or an Emerson Model 8510 Tester can be used as compression tester equipment for the BCT50 evaluation. The container can be placed in the center of the compression tester's lower table. Then a preload can be applied to the container, e.g. 22.68 kilograms (50 pounds) in a single-walled container, 45.36 kilograms (100 pounds) in a double-walled container, or 226.8 kilograms (500 pounds) in bulk cans. Load may continue to be applied to the container at the rate of 13 +/- 2.5 mm (0.5 inch) until failure occurs, as evidenced by one or both of i) fall back from the maximum load of 25% or ii) deflection exceeding 19.05 mm (0.75 inches) or more. After that, the maximum compression and deflection or the compression at the specified deflection can be recorded for the evaluated container.

[0308] BCT85 assessments are conducted similarly to BCT50 assessments, with the exception that containers may be conditioned at a temperature of 4.44°C (40°F) and 85% relative humidity prior to the compression.

[0309] The evaluations and comparison of containers prepared with different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 10.
TABLE 10.

[0310] As shown in Table 10, the containers according to the present disclosure were superior to the comparative containers. The inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in BCT50 and BCT85 values compared to comparative containers produced with cellulose-based materials that did not include a chemical preparation of resistance in dry state.

EXAMPLE 6 CONTAINER TEST No. 2 [PLANT A]

[0311] In the present example, an exemplary container is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The ratings in this example include short-range compressive strength (SCT), SCT Index, case compressive strength measured at 50% relative humidity (BCT50) and case compressive strength measured at 85% relative humidity (BCT85 ).

[0312] For the present example, different containers were prepared using various cellulose-based materials and then compared. The preparation of the containers comprised different cellulose-based materials that varied in the grammage of the material and in the presence and amount of a chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state. The process of preparing the containers for the present example was similar to that of Example 5.

[0313] The characteristics of the different containers are shown in Table 11.
TABLE 11.

[0314] The evaluations and comparison of containers prepared with different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 12.
TABLE 12.

[0315] As shown in Table 12, the containers according to the present disclosure were superior to the comparative containers. The inclusion of a dry-strength chemical preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in SCT Index and SCT values compared to comparative containers produced with cellulose-based materials that did not include a chemical preparation of resistance in dry state. In addition, the inclusion of a dry-strength chemical preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in BCT50 and BCT85 values compared to comparative containers produced with cellulose-based materials that did not include a chemical preparation of resistance in dry state.

EXAMPLE 7 CONTAINER TEST No. 3 [PLANT C]

[0316] In the present example, an exemplary container is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The ratings in this example include short-range compressive strength (SCT), SCT Index, case compressive strength measured at 50% relative humidity (BCT50) and case compressive strength measured at 85% relative humidity (BCT85 ).

[0317] For the present example, different containers were prepared using various cellulose-based materials and then compared. The preparation of the containers comprised different cellulose-based materials that varied in the grammage of the material and in the presence and amount of a chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state. The process of preparing the containers for the present example was similar to that of Example 5.

[0318] The characteristics of the different containers are shown in Table 13.
TABLE 13.

[0319] The process of preparing the containers for the present example was similar to that of Example 6. In addition, the methods of evaluating SCT, SCT Index, BCT50 and BCT85 values were identical to those of Example 6.

[0320] The evaluations and comparison of containers prepared with different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 14.
TABLE 14.

[0321] As shown in Table 14, the containers according to the present disclosure were superior to the comparative containers. The inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in SCT Index and SCT values compared to comparative containers produced with cellulose-based materials that did not include a chemical preparation of resistance in dry state. In addition, the inclusion of a dry-strength chemical preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in BCT50 and BCT85 values compared to comparative containers produced with cellulose-based materials that did not include a chemical preparation of resistance in dry state.

EXAMPLE 8 CONTAINER TEST No. 4 [PLANT B]

[0322] In the present example, an exemplary container is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The ratings in this example include short-range compressive strength (SCT), SCT Index, case compressive strength measured at 50% relative humidity (BCT50) and case compressive strength measured at 85% relative humidity (BCT85 ).

[0323] For the present example, different containers were prepared using various cellulose-based materials and then compared. The preparation of the containers comprised different cellulose-based materials that varied the weight of the material, the presence of a chemical preparation of resistance in the wet state and the presence and amount of a chemical preparation of resistance in the dry state. The process of preparing the containers for the present example was similar to that of Example 5.

[0324] The characteristics of the different containers are shown in Table 15.
TABLE 15.

[0325] The process of preparing the containers for the present example was similar to that of Example 6. In addition, the methods of evaluating SCT, SCT Index, BCT50 and BCT85 values were identical to those of Example 6.

[0326] The evaluations and comparison of containers prepared with different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 16.
TABLE 16.

[0327] As shown in Table 16, the containers according to the present disclosure were superior to the comparative containers. The inclusion of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in SCT and SCT Index values compared to comparative containers produced with cellulose-based products that did not include a dry-strength chemical preparation. In addition, the inclusion of a dry-strength chemical preparation plus a wet-strength preparation in the cellulose-based materials used to prepare the containers demonstrated an increase in BCT50 and BCT85 values compared to comparative containers produced with based on cellulose that did not include a chemical preparation dry-state resistance. Figure 2 shows that a BCT plus 85% relative humidity RH was observed for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials.

[0328] In addition, a synergistic effect on strength enhancement was observed for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials. These effects, as shown in Table 16 and represented in Figure 3, were unexpected.

EXAMPLE 9 PAPER TEST No. 5

[0329] In the present example, an exemplary cellulose-based material is provided in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. The assessments in the present example include Short Range Compressive Strength (SCT), SCT Index and Concora values.

[0330] For the present example, several different cellulose-based materials were prepared and compared. The preparation of the different cellulose-based materials included varying the weight of the material, the presence and amount of a chemical strength preparation in the wet state and the presence and amount of a chemical strength preparation in the dry state.

[0331] The characteristics of the different cellulose-based materials are shown in Table 17.
TABLE 17.

[0332] The process of preparing the cellulose-based materials for the present example was similar to that of Example 1. In addition, the methods of evaluating SCT, SCT Index and related calculations were identical to those of Example 1.

[0333] The evaluations and comparison of the different cellulose-based materials are presented in Table 18.
TABLE 18.

[0334] As shown in Table 18, the cellulose-based material according to the present disclosure was superior to the comparative cellulose-based materials. First, the inclusion of a dry strength chemical preparation plus a wet strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT Index and SCT compared to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a chemical strength preparation in dry state. Second, as shown in Figure 4, the inclusion of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength chemical preparation demonstrated an increase in SCT when normalized to 180 kg/1000 m2 (36 lb/1000 ft2) compared to other cellulose-based materials that did not include a dry-strength chemical preparation.

[0335] In addition, a synergistic effect on strength enhancement was observed for containers prepared using a combination of a dry chemical strength preparation plus a wet strength preparation in cellulose-based materials. These effects, as shown in Table 18 and represented in Figure 5, were unexpected.

Claims (18)

Cellulose-based material CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a chemical strength preparation in a dry state and ii) a chemical strength preparation in a wet state, in which the chemical preparation of dry state strength comprises glyoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM). Cellulose-based material, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material can be recycled. Cellulose-based material, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the chemical preparation of resistance in a wet state comprises a polyamide resin. Cellulose-based material according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material has a grammage and a short-range compressive strength (SCT), and in which the SCT is greater than a comparative SCT for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on a papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry strength. Cellulose-based material according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material has a grammage and a short-range compressive strength (SCT), and in which the chemical preparation of dry-state strength and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT to the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. Cellulose-based material, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material has a grammage and a short-range compressive strength index (SCT Index), and in which the SCT Index is greater than a comparative SCT Index for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry strength. Cellulose-based material, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material has a weight and a short-range compressive strength index (SCT Index), and in which the chemical preparation of dry strength and wet strength chemical preparation provide a synergistic increase in SCT Index for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. Cellulose-based material according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material has a grammage and a Concora value, and in which the Concora value is greater than a comparative Concora value for a comparative cellulose-based material produced on the papermaking machine, wherein the comparative cellulose-based material has the grammage and lacks the chemical preparation of dry strength. Cellulose-based material, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material has a weight and a Concora value, in which the chemical resistance preparation in the dry state and the chemical resistance preparation in Wet state provide a synergistic increase in Concora value for the cellulose-based material compared to the comparative cellulose-based material. Container CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises a cellulose-based material comprising cellulosic fibers, wherein the cellulosic fibers are treated with i) a dry-strength chemical preparation comprising glyoxylated polyacrylamide (GPAM) and ii) a chemical preparation of resistance in wet state. Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the cellulose-based material can be recycled. Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the chemical preparation of resistance in a wet state comprises a polyamide resin. Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED in that the container additionally comprises a sizing agent. Container according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the sizing agent is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA), pitch and alkyl ketene dimer (AKD). Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the container has a box compressive strength (BCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity, and in which the BCT50 is greater than a comparative box compression strength ( CBCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the weighted paper machine and which lacks chemical strength preparation in a dry state. Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the container has a box compressive strength (BCT50) measured at 50% relative humidity, and in which the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and the chemical preparation of Wet strength provide a synergistic increase in BCT50 to the container compared to the comparative container. Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the container is characterized by the fact that it has a box compressive strength (BCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity, and in which the BCT85 is greater than a strength Comparative carton compression (CBCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity of a comparative container comprising comparative cellulose-based material produced on the paper machine with grammage e and which lacks chemical strength preparation in the dry state. Container, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the container has a box compressive strength (BCT85) measured at 85% relative humidity, and in which the chemical preparation of strength in the dry state and the chemical preparation of Wet strength provide a synergistic increase in BCT85 to the container compared to the comparative container.

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