BR102017020904B1 - ROW UNIT FOR A SEEDING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

This is a row unit for a seeder. the line unit includes a frame, a first gauge wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first gauge wheel coupled to the first gauge wheel arm, a second gauge wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second regulating wheel arm and a depth sensor having a potentiometer coupled to the first regulating wheel arm.

Description

FUNDAMENTALS

[001] The present description relates to systems and methods for planting seeds, in particular, with an in-line harvest planter.

[002] Several factors affect harvest yields. One factor, for example, is seed depth in a furrow. A productive crop yield is typically one that grows and emerges evenly from the soil. Understanding planting depth provides valuable information that can be used to generate a productive crop yield.

SUMMARY

[003] In one aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second gauge wheel arm, and a depth sensor coupled to both the first gauge wheel arm and the second gauge wheel arm, the depth sensor including a differential gearbox and a single potentiometer.

[004] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a regulating wheel coupled to the regulating wheel arm, and an inductive proximity sensor coupled to the frame to detect a rotational position of the regulating wheel arm.

[005] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a regulating wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame and rotatable about a pivot axis, a regulating wheel coupled to the regulating wheel arm, and a set of position sensors for detecting a rotational position of the regulating wheel arm about the pivot axis. The position sensor assembly includes both a sensing element positioned in and carried by the frame and an eccentric surface on the regulating wheel arm. The sensing element includes a sensing surface that faces the pivot axis.

[006] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a regulating wheel coupled to the regulating wheel arm, and a set of position sensors for detecting a rotational position of the regulating wheel arm. The position sensor assembly includes an eccentric surface.

[007] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a regulating wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame and rotatable about a pivot axis, an regulating wheel coupled to the regulating wheel arm, and a set of position sensors for detecting a rotational position of the regulating wheel arm about the pivot axis. The position sensor assembly includes a sensing surface and a sensing surface. When the regulating wheel arm rotates, the sensing surface remains parallel to the sensing surface.

[008] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second caliper wheel coupled to the second caliper arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor and a joint coupled between the first caliper wheel arm and the position sensor.

[009] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second caliper arm coupled to the second caliper arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor disposed between the first caliper arm and the second caliper arm so that the sensor position is at least partially obscured between the first and second regulating wheels during observation of the seeder along a geometric axis of rotation of the first regulating wheel.

[0010] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a furrow opener coupled to the frame, a first regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a first regulating wheel coupled to the first regulating wheel arm , a second toggle arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a second toggle wheel coupled to the second toggle arm, and a position sensor assembly having a first position sensor for detecting a rotational movement of the first toggle arm , the position sensor assembly additionally including a second position sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[0011] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second caliper wheel coupled to the second caliper arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor for detecting a rotational movement of the first caliper wheel arm, and a controller in communication with the sensor position, wherein the position sensor outputs signals corresponding to a position of the toggle arm, and wherein the controller is configured to provide an alert if the first toggle arm is missing or if the first toggle arm remains in a same position for a predetermined period of time.

[0012] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second adjuster wheel coupled to the second adjuster wheel arm, and a position sensor assembly having a first position sensor coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm and a second position sensor coupled to the second wheel arm regulator.

[0013] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second caliper wheel coupled to the second caliper arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor that includes a single sensing array positioned between the first caliper arm and the second caliper arm. regulating wheel.

[0014] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm coupled pivotally to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second gauge wheel arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor that includes an accelerometer coupled to the first gauge wheel arm for measuring movement of the first wheel arm regulator.

[0015] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a main frame, and a row unit coupled to the main frame. The line unit has a line unit subframe. A regulating wheel arm is pivotally coupled to the subframe, a regulating wheel is coupled to the regulating wheel arm, and a seed tamping device is coupled to the subframe. The seeder also includes a first position sensor coupled to at least one of the subframe or the regulating wheel arm. The first position sensor detects a rotational position of the regulating wheel arm relative to the subframe. The seeder also includes a second position sensor coupled to at least one of the subframe or seed tamping device.

[0016] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a main frame, and a row unit coupled to the main frame. The line unit has a line unit subframe. A toggle arm is pivotally coupled to the subframe, and a toggle wheel is coupled to the toggle arm. The regulating wheel has a rim. The seeder also includes a position sensor attached to the subframe. The position sensor detects a position of the edge of the regulating wheel.

[0017] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a main frame, and a row unit coupled to the main frame. The line unit has a line unit subframe. A first adjuster wheel arm is pivotably coupled to the subframe, a first adjuster wheel is coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm is pivotally coupled to the subframe, and a second adjuster wheel is coupled to the second regulating wheel arm. The seeder also includes a position sensor disposed between the first regulating wheel arm and the second regulating wheel arm.

[0018] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a main frame, and a row unit coupled to the main frame. The line unit has a line unit subframe. A toggle arm is pivotally coupled to the subframe, and a toggle wheel is coupled to the toggle arm. A seed tamping device is pivotally coupled to the subframe. The seeder also includes a first position sensor coupled to at least one of the subframe or the regulating wheel arm, a second position sensor coupled to at least one of the subframe or the seed tamping device, and a controller coupled to at least one of the subframe or the seed tamping device. to both the first position sensor and the second position sensor. The controller receives signals from both the first position sensor and the second position sensor, and calculates a depth of a seed furrow based on the signals from both the first position sensor and the second position sensor.

[0019] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, a furrow opener coupled to the frame, and a set of position sensors having a position sensor facing the furrow opener and detecting wear of the furrow opener. groove.

[0020] In another aspect, the description provides a seeding machine that includes a frame, an earth-following device coupled to the frame, a furrow-following device coupled to the frame, and a position sensor assembly having a first position sensor that detects movement of the earth-following device and a second position sensor that detects movement of the groove-following device.

[0021] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a first gauge wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first gauge wheel coupled to the first gauge wheel arm, a second gauge wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second regulating wheel arm, and a depth sensor having a potentiometer coupled to the first regulating wheel arm.

[0022] In another aspect, the description provides a depth sensor. The depth sensor includes a differential gearbox having a housing, a first bevel gear disposed at least partially within the housing, a second bevel gear disposed at least partially within the housing, a third bevel gear disposed at least partially within the housing, and a fourth bevelled gear disposed at least partially within the housing. The first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the third bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear are in mutual engagement with each other. The third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear are coupled to the housing with a pin structure. The depth sensor also includes a rack fixed to the housing, a fifth bevel gear engaged with the rack, and a single potentiometer, wherein the fifth bevel gear is coupled to the single potentiometer.

[0023] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a toggle arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a toggle wheel coupled to the toggle arm, and a position sensor array configured to detect a gap corresponding to a rotational position of the toggle arm. regulating wheel. The position sensor array includes a sensing target surface. The sensing target surface is at least one of an eccentric surface or a cam surface.

[0024] In another aspect, the description provides a regulating wheel arm for a line unit. The regulating wheel arm includes a bearing section for rotatably mounting the arm to a frame for rotation about a pivot axis, an arm portion extending from the bearing section, and a regulating wheel mounting portion in one end of the arm opposite the bearing section. The bearing section has a surface. A portion of the surface of the bearing section defines a sensing target surface relative to the pivot axis.

[0025] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a first gauge wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first gauge wheel coupled to the first gauge wheel arm, a second gauge wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second toggle arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor at least partially disposed between the first toggle arm and the second toggle arm such that the position sensor is at least partially obscured between the first and second regulating wheels during observation of the line unit along a geometric axis of rotation of the first regulating wheel.

[0026] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a first gauge wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first gauge wheel coupled to the first gauge wheel arm, a second gauge wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second toggle arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor disposed between the first toggle arm and the second toggle arm and under at least a portion of the frame.

[0027] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a furrow opener coupled to the frame, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor configured to detect wear of the furrow opener.

[0028] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a ground-following device coupled to the frame, a groove-following device coupled to the frame, and a position sensor array having a first position sensor configured to detect movement of the device. that follows the ground relative to the frame, and a second position sensor configured to detect movement of the device that follows the groove relative to the frame.

[0029] In another aspect, the description provides a row unit for a seeding machine. The line unit includes a frame, a toggle arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a toggle wheel coupled to the toggle arm, a position sensor assembly having a position sensor configured to detect a rotational position of the toggle arm. regulating wheel, and a controller coupled to the position sensor. The controller is configured to receive a signal from the position sensor and to provide an alert based on the signal.

[0030] In another aspect, the description provides a regulating wheel arm for a line unit. The throttling arm includes a bearing section for rotatably mounting the throttling arm to a line unit frame for rotation about a pivot axis, and a sensing target surface configured to be detected by a sensor. position in the line unit. The sensing surface includes at least one of an eccentric surface or a cam surface.

[0031] In another aspect, the description provides a regulating wheel arm for a line unit. The regulating wheel arm includes a bearing section for rotatably mounting the arm to a frame for rotation about a pivot axis, an arm portion extending from the bearing section, and a regulating wheel mounting portion in one end of the arm opposite the bearing section. The bearing section includes a raised shoulder portion having a sensing target surface. The sensing surface includes a first eccentric surface and a second eccentric surface circumferentially spaced from the first eccentric surface.

[0032] Other aspects of the description will become apparent considering the detailed description and accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a partially schematic perspective view of a seeding machine.

[0034] Figure 2 is a partially schematic side view of a row unit for the seeder of Figure 1, including regulating wheel arms and regulating wheels.

[0035] Figures 3 and 4 are perspective views of the regulating wheel arms and rotary potentiometer position sensors coupled to each of the regulating wheel arms.

[0036] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the regulating wheel arms and a schematic illustration of a position sensor that includes a mechanically averaged gearbox coupled to both regulating wheel arms.

[0037] Figures 5A-L are front, back and perspective views of the mechanically averaged gearbox.

[0038] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the regulating wheel arms and an axle position sensor coupled to a pivot shaft for the regulating wheel arms.

[0039] Figures 7 and 8 are perspective views of the regulating wheel arms and a position sensor that includes a sensing array and separate magnets that are coupled to each of the regulating wheel arms.

[0040] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the regulating wheel arms and a position sensor that includes accelerometers coupled to the regulating wheel arms.

[0041] Figure 10 is a side view of one of the regulating wheels, as well as a position sensor that detects an edge of the side wheel.

[0042] Figure 11 is a perspective view of one of the regulating wheel arms, as well as a position sensor in the form of an assembly including a sensing element and a sensing surface.

[0043] Figure 12 is a graphic representation of the emission from the position sensor of Figure 11.

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic view of a sensor for measuring wear on a blade of a seeder.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Before the embodiments of the description are explained in detail, it should be understood that the description is not limited in its application to the details of construction and arrangement of components defined in the following description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The description is capable of supporting other modalities and of being practiced or performed in various ways.

[0046] Figure 1 illustrates a seeding machine 10 (for example, a row crop planter). The seeder 10 includes a main frame 14. A plurality of individual row units 18 are coupled (e.g., mounted) to a rear portion of the main frame 14 such that the row units 18 are pulled over a layer of soil. 20. Alternatively, the row units 18 may be positioned in front of the frame 14 and are pushed over the soil layer, or the machine may have a combination of push and pull row units 18. The seed sources, such as storage tanks 22a to 22c, are coupled to the main frame 14, and hold seeds which are distributed, for example, pneumatically or in any other suitable manner, to a minifeeder (not shown) associated with each line unit 18 The storage tanks 22a to 22c are coupled to the minifeeders by means of conduits 26, such as hoses, and a pressurized distribution apparatus (not shown). Each storage tank 22a to 22c contains the same or different varieties of seeds to be planted in the soil 20. Each row unit 18 is connected to a conduit 26 such that each row unit 18 is coupled to a storage tank 22a to 22c to receive seeds. As illustrated by way of example only in Figure 1, each line unit 18 additionally includes its own subframe 30, to which various components (e.g., a furrow opener, a furrow closer, etc.) are mounted.

[0047] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a line unit 118 that can be used in place of one of the line units 18 in figure 1. Similar to the line unit 18, the line unit 118 is also coupled to the main frame 14. In some constructions, a plurality of line units 118 are coupled to the main frame 14, similar to the line units 18 in Figure 1.

[0048] As illustrated in Figure 2, each line unit 118 includes feeders 122a, 122b, which hold chemicals and seed, respectively (unlike line unit 18 which receives seeds from bulk storage as in the construction illustrated in Figure 1). . Feeders 122a, 122b are coupled to a line unit subframe 130. Each line unit 118 also includes a regulating wheel or wheels 132 coupled to the line unit subframe 130. The regulating wheel 132 contacts the ground 20 and rolls along it, and a furrow opener 134 (e.g., a spreading wheel or blade or other structure that has a stationary or rotating surface that contacts the ground and moves the same away to form a furrow) is coupled to the row unit subframe 130 to form a furrow 136 (schematically illustrated) in the soil 20. A seed metering device 138 coupled to the row unit subframe 130 receives seeds from the feeder 122b and measures and dispenses the seeds into the furrow. 136. A furrow closer 140 (e.g., a closing and compacting wheel or wheels or other structure that has a stationary or rotating surface that contacts and presses the soil 20) coupled to the row unit subframe 130 pushes the soil around the seeds to close the furrow 136 (see figure 1). Each line unit 118 may also include a seed tamping device 144 (e.g., an angled arm as illustrated in FIG. 2, a pressure wheel coupled to a pressure wheel arm, or other structure that clamps a seed) coupled to the row unit subframe 130 that braces each seed and pushes it into the open furrow 136 to ensure good seed-to-soil contact before the furrow 136 is closed.

[0049] With continued reference to Figure 2, each line unit 118 also includes at least one depth sensor in the form of a position sensor 148 (illustrated schematically) which is used to determine a depth 154 of the groove 136. The depth 154 is measured from an upper surface 158 of the soil 20 to a bottom 162 of the furrow 136, along a direction that is perpendicular to the upper surface 158 (assumes a flat non-sloping upper surface 158). In some constructions, depth 154 is equivalent to a distance between a bottom of the regulating wheel or wheels 132 and a bottom of the furrow opener 134.

[0050] Referring to Figures 2 to 12, in some constructions one or more of the position sensors 148 described herein detect positions of the regulating wheel arm 166 (e.g., relative to the subframe 130). In some constructions the position sensor or sensors 148 detect the positions of the toggle arm 166 by detecting a rotary movement of the toggle arm 166 relative to the subframe 130. Specifically, the illustrated line unit 118 includes two toggle arms. adjuster wheel arms 166. The adjuster wheel arms 166 are pivotally coupled to the subframe 130. Each adjuster wheel arm 166 is coupled to a adjuster wheel 132 such that turning each of the adjuster wheel arms 166 changes a position of each of the regulating wheels 132 relative to the subframe 130 and thus relative to the opener 134. As illustrated in Figure 2, each of the regulating wheel arms 166 (only one is visible in Figure 2) rotates about a pivot axis 170. When a downward force is applied to the row unit 118 (e.g. with a downward force adjustment mechanism 174) the downward force pushes the row unit 118 and consequently the furrow opener 134 into the soil 20 to dig the furrow 136. The regulating wheels 132, however, continue to run along the upper surface 158 of the soil 20. The depth 154 of the furrow 136 therefore depends on a position of the regulating wheels 132 relative to the furrow opener 134, and the position of the regulating wheels 132 depends on a rotational position of the regulating wheel arms 166 relative to the subframe 130.

[0051] As illustrated in figure 2, in some constructions, signals from the sensor or position sensors 148 are sent to a controller 178, which calculates the depth 154. The controller 178, when coupled to a signal processor of the global positioning (GPS), can generate a seed depth map and store this map for future analysis. In some constructions a display 182 is also provided (e.g., in the operator's cabin 12), which displays (e.g., in real time) the depth 154. The controller 178 may be positioned in various locations on a seeder 10. For For example, in some constructions, the controller 178 is positioned in the operator's cab 12, and signals are sent wired or wirelessly from the position sensor or sensors 148 to the controller 178. In some constructions the sensor itself, or the own position sensors 148, includes a controller 178. Other constructions include different locations for the controller 178.

[0052] Referring to Figure 2, stops 186 are also provided for each gauge wheel arm 166 to limit rotation of the gauge wheel arm 166. The stops 186 can be adjusted to a desired position in order to set the depth 154 in the groove 136. The position of the stops 186 may be adjusted manually or a remote adjustment assembly may be included as shown in U.S. patent document 4,413,685, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. However, during operating conditions the regulating wheel arms 132 may not always be in contact with the stops 186, and thus the actual depth 154 may not be determined solely by knowing the position of the stops 186. Additionally, the furrow opener 134 may wear during use, and change the actual depth 154. Thus, relying solely on the stops 186 is not sufficient to determine the actual depth 154 of the groove 136 at any given time.

[0053] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, in some constructions one of the position sensors 148a is coupled to a regulating wheel arm 166, and another position sensor 148a is coupled to another regulating wheel arm 166, in order to detect separately the rotary positions of each of the toggle arms 166 relative to the subframe 130. In the illustrated construction, each of the position sensors 148a is a rotary potentiometer with a link 190 coupled to the toggle arm 166. However, other Constructions include different types of position sensors 148a (e.g., ultrasonic, etc.), as well as different connections 190 than those illustrated. The position sensors 148a are illustrated as being positioned between and/or below the two steering wheel arms 166, and coupled to a support 192 of the subframe 130, such that the position sensors 148a are at least partially enclosed by the wheels. regulators 132 (e.g., such that the position sensors 148a are at least partially obscured between the regulator wheels 132 when observing the line unit along a geometric axis of rotation 149 of the regulator wheel 132 or the wheels 132, being that the geometric axis of rotation 149 is illustrated in figure 5). The position sensors 148a are disposed beneath at least a portion of the subframe 130. However, other constructions include different locations for the position sensors 148a. In some constructions, a controller (e.g., controller 178) can integrate and level signals from both position sensors 148a.

[0054] Referring to Figure 5, in some constructions a single position sensor 148b (illustrated schematically in Figure 5, and in detail in Figures 5A to 5K) is used to measure rotary positions of multiple governor wheel arms 166 at the same time. , and to level the rotary positions of the gauge wheel arms 166. Taking an average measurement is useful, for example, when the two gauge wheels 132 run over uneven or inclined surfaces, and where one gauge wheel 132 may be raised or raised slightly relative to the other regulating wheel 132.

[0055] Referring to Figures 5A to 5K, in the illustrated construction the position sensor 148b includes a first connection arm 504 and a second connection arm 508. The first connection arm 504 and the second connection arm 508 generally have a S-shaped or curvilinear profile, although other constructions include differently shaped profiles. The position sensor 148b further includes a third link arm 512 pivotally coupled to the first link arm 504, and a fourth link arm 516 pivotally coupled to the second link arm 508 with pins 520. The third link arm 516 512 and the fourth connecting arm 516 generally have a linearly shaped profile, although other constructions include differently shaped profiles. The third link arm 512 and the fourth link arm 516 are pivotally coupled to the regulating wheel arms 166 with pins 524 (Figure 5D).

[0056] With continued reference to Figures 5A to 5K, the position sensor 148b additionally includes a differential gearbox 528 (Figure 5D) coupled to the first link arm 504 and the second link arm 508. The differential gearbox 528 5A through 5C, the differential gearbox 528 additionally includes an inner housing 536 disposed in the outer housing 532. The inner housing 536 has a cylindrical shape, although other constructions include shapes other than those. illustrated.

[0057] A first bevel gear 540 (figures 5B and 5C) is coupled to the first link 504 and is disposed at least partially in the internal housing 536. In the illustrated construction the first bevel gear 540 is coupled to the first link 504 by means of a connection striated, although other constructions include different connections. The first bevel gear 540 rotates with the first link 504.

[0058] A second bevel gear 544 (Figures 5B and 5C) is coupled to the second link 508 and is disposed at least partially in the internal housing 536. In the illustrated construction, the second bevel gear 544 is coupled to the second link 508 by means of a spline connection, although other constructions include different connections. The second bevel gear 544 rotates with the second link 508. The first bevel gear 540 and the second bevel gear 544 each rotate about a common geometric axis 546 (Figure 5A).

[0059] A third bevel gear 548 (Figures 5A to 5C) is disposed at least partially in the internal housing 536. The third bevel gear 548 is pivotally coupled to the internal housing 536 by means of a pin structure 552.

[0060] A fourth bevel gear 556 (Figures 5A to 5C) is disposed at least partially in the inner housing 536. The fourth bevel gear 556 is pivotally coupled to the inner housing 536 with the same pin structure 552. In some constructions the pin structure 552 also extends to the first bevel gear 540 and the second bevel gear 544 (i.e., forms a cross-shaped bevel gear support structure, as illustrated in Figure 5L). The third bevel gear 548 and the fourth bevel gear 556 each rotate about a second common axis 558 (Figure 5A) that is perpendicular to the first common axis 546. In some constructions the first bevel gear 540, the second bevel gear 544 , the third bevel gear 548 and the fourth bevel gear 556 are each the same size.

[0061] With continued reference to Figures 5A to 5C, the position sensor 148b additionally includes a rack 560 that is secured to the internal housing 536. In the illustrated construction the rack 560 is secured to the internal housing with fasteners 564, although in other constructions the rack 560 may be secured in other ways, or may be formed integrally as a single piece with the internal housing 536.

[0062] The position sensor 148b additionally includes a fifth bevel gear 568 that engages the rack 560. The fifth bevel gear 568 is coupled to a single potentiometer 572 (illustrated schematically in figure 5A).

[0063] As illustrated in Figures 5B and 5C, various other bearings, other washers and/or other fasteners 576 are provided to complete the connections between the components described above, and to facilitate movement of the components as further described below.

[0064] During use, the line unit 18 runs along the surface of a field. If the field contains rocks, debris or other obstacles, one of the regulating wheels 132 may run over and over one of the obstacles. When the regulating wheel 132 encounters the obstacle, the regulating wheel 132 rises, causing a rotation of the regulating wheel arm 166. When the regulating wheel arm 166 rotates, the third link arm 512 rotates, causing a rotation of the first adjusting arm. 504 call.

[0065] As illustrated in figures 5A to 5C, the position sensor 148b senses an average position of the two steering wheel arms 166. In particular, if the first link arm 504 in figure 5C is rotated away from the page (i.e., counterclockwise in Figure 5C) due to running over the obstacle, the first bevel gear 540 rotates counterclockwise. With the second link arm 508 held stationary, rotation of the first bevel gear 540 will cause the third bevel gear 548 to rotate and cause a rotation of the pin frame 552. The pin frame 552 is coupled to the housing 536 so that the pin structure 552 and housing 536 rotate together, causing the rack 560 to rotate. This causes the fifth bevel gear 568 and the shaft inserted in the potentiometer 572 to rotate and thus sense the rotation of the first link arm 504. The pin structure 552, however, rotates only half as much as the first bevel gear 540 so that the input to the potentiometer 572 is only half the movement of the regulating wheel arm 166, and so that the input to the potentiometer 572 is therefore the average of the two regulating wheel arms 166.

[0066] If during use both the first link arm 504 and the second link arm 508 are rotated together away from the page in Figure 5C, the third bevel gear 548 and the fourth bevel gear 556 will not rotate about their geometric axes. , but the pin structure 552 will rotate the same amount as the first bevel gear 540 and the second bevel gear 544, thereby rotating the housing 536 and the rack 560.

[0067] If during use the first link arm 504 is rotated away from the page in Figure 5C while the second link arm 508 is rotated in an opposite direction towards the page, the first bevel gear 540 and the second bevel gear 544 will rotate in opposite directions, causing no rotation of the pin structure 552 and thus no change in the mean position of the regulating wheel arms 166.

[0068] Other embodiments include various other gear arrangements and/or connection arrangements other than those illustrated.

[0069] Referring to Figure 6, in some constructions the position sensor 148c is, instead, an on-axis sensor (illustrated schematically) in the form of an angularly positioned sensor in contact with (e.g., fixed) a pivot shaft 198. At least one of the steering wheel arms 166 pivots about the pivot shaft 198. For example, as illustrated in Figure 6, the pivot shaft 198 extends through a bearing section 200 of one of the arms. 166, with the pivot axis 170 extending through the pivot axis 198. The bearing section 200 is used to rotatably mount the caliper arm 166 to the frame 130 for rotation about the pivot axis 166. pivot 170 (e.g., with the remainder of the toggle arm itself extending away from the bearing section 200 and toward the toggle wheel 132 and toward a toggle mounting portion at the end of the toggle arm 166) . In some constructions the axis position sensor 148d is a potentiometer that includes a link or other structure coupled to the caliper arm 166, although other constructions include different types of sensors for measuring the angular position of the caliper arm 166. In In some constructions, a signal relating to the rotating position of the regulating wheel arm 166 is sent from the position sensor 148c to the controller 178 to calculate the depth 154. In some constructions, an on-axis position sensor 148c is provided for each wheel arm. regulatory 166.

[0070] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, in some constructions the position sensor 148d includes a single sensing array 202 positioned between the two regulating wheel arms 166 and fixed in place on the subframe 130. The sensing array 202 includes, for example, a Hall effect sensor (or sensors) and/or a magnetoresistive sensor (or sensors). The position sensor 148d additionally includes a first magnet 206 coupled (e.g., disposed on or in) one of the toggle arms 166, and a second magnet 210 coupled to the other toggle arm 166. In other constructions the sensor Hall effect sensors (or sensors) and/or the magnetoresistive sensor (or sensors) may be coupled to the timing wheel arms 166, and the magnet or magnets may be positioned between the two timing wheel arms 166 on the subframe 130. The sensing array 202 is illustrated to be positioned between the two gauge wheel arms 166, such that the sensing array 202 is at least partially enclosed by the gauge wheels 132, and disposed beneath at least a portion of the subframe 130. However, other constructions include different locations for position sensors 148d.

[0071] When the regulating wheel arms 166 rotate, the first magnet 206 and the second magnet 210 pass through the sensing matrix 202 (e.g., without contacting the sensing matrix 202). The sensing array 202 detects the first magnet 206 and the second magnet 210, and sends one or more signals to the controller 178. These signals are then used to determine a rotational position of each of the governor wheel arms 166 relative to to the subframe 130, and/or to level the rotary positions of the regulating wheel arms 166, and to then calculate the depth 154. In some constructions the sensing array 202 includes a single printed circuit board (PCB) that includes the sensor ( or the Hall effect sensors and/or the magnetoresistive sensor (or sensors), and/or a microcontroller (e.g., the controller 178 or a separate controller that communicates with the controller 178). In some constructions more than one magnet is coupled to one of the regulating wheel arms 166. Other types of sensor can be used such as ultrasonic, optical, etc.

[0072] With continued reference to Figures 7 and 8, and as described above, some constructions of the seeder 10 also include a stop 186. The stop 186 is shown in two different positions in each of Figures 7 and 8, for illustrative purposes. , demonstrates the adjustment capacity of the stop 186.

[0073] Referring to Figure 9, in some constructions the position sensor 148e includes at least one accelerometer 214 coupled (e.g., directly mounted or otherwise directly coupled) to each steering wheel arm 166. The position sensors of accelerometer 148 and determine the rotational positions of the steering wheel arms 166. In some constructions the accelerometers 214 send signals (e.g., by wire or wirelessly) to the controller 178, and the controller 178 calculates the depth 154.

[0074] Referring to Figure 10, in some constructions the position sensor 148f is a wheel edge sensor coupled to the subframe 130 and positioned to detect a position (e.g., height) of an edge 218 of one or more of the wheels. adjusters 132. The position of the edge 218 is then used to calculate the depth 154 of the groove 136. In some construction the wheel edge position sensor 148f is an optical sensor, a capacitive sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a Hall effect sensor , or a magnetoresistive sensor, although other constructions include different types of sensors (see, for example, sensing elements 570 in U.S. publication 2017/0086349, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference). In some constructions, the edge 218 is the most radially outer edge of a metal rim of the regulating wheel 132. In some constructions, the edge 218 of the regulating wheel 132 includes at least one magnet or reflector, and the position sensor 148f detects the magnet or reflector. reflector as it passes position sensor 148f. In some constructions the Hall effect sensor, magnetoresistive sensor or other sensor is coupled to the regulating wheel 132 and a magnet or reflector is instead coupled to the subframe 130. In some constructions the controller 178 receives a signal from the position sensor 148f related to the 10, the wheel edge position sensor 148f is or forms part of a vertical structure positioned adjacent to the edge 218 of the adjuster wheel 132. In In some constructions, a wheel edge position sensor 148f is positioned adjacent to each steering wheel 132 to separately measure the position of each steering wheel 132. In some constructions, signals from the wheel edge position sensors 148f are sent to the controller 178. (e.g. to be leveled together to calculate a single measured depth 154). Other constructions include different shapes, sizes, and positions for the wheel edge position sensor 148f than illustrated. Additionally, in the illustrated construction the edge 218 is an outer edge of the gauge wheel 132. In other constructions the position sensor 148f may monitor other portions of the gauge wheel 132. For example, the gauge wheel 132 may include a radially inner metal portion that has an outer rim, and an annular plastic or rubber tire portion attached to the outer rim and surrounding the metal portion. The position sensor 148f can detect the outer rim of the metal portion to detect wear of the metal portion. The line unit 118 may also include one or more additional sensors for detecting and monitoring wear of the rubber tire portion. In some constructions the controller 178 may calibrate to take into account actual or anticipated wear of the rubber portion.

[0075] Referring to Figure 11, in some constructions the position sensor 148g is an assembly that includes a sensing element 226 coupled to the subframe 130 (e.g., to a stationary shaft of the subframe 130) that detects the distance between the element sensor element 226 and a surface of the rotatable regulating wheel arm 166. In the illustrated construction the sensing element 226 is positioned (e.g., fixed) on the subframe 130 and transported by the subframe. The regulating wheel arm 166 is formed with a sensing target surface 246 that varies nonlinearly with respect to the sensing element 226. In some constructions, the sensing target surface 246 is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis. of regulating wheel 170 (i.e., the sensing target surface 246 is a surface that has an eccentricity greater than zero). In some constructions, the sensing target surface 246 forms a cam surface. As the regulating wheel arm 166 pivots, the distance between the sensing element 226 and the sensing target surface 246 changes. In some embodiments the sensing target surface 246 is machined into a raised shoulder portion or portions 203 of the bearing section 200 or otherwise integrally forms part of a raised shoulder portion or portions. Alternatively, the raised shoulder portion 203 is omitted and the sensing target surface 246 is formed on the generally cylindrical surface of the bearing section 200. In another alternative, the sensing target surface 246 is formed on a target clamp. sensor (e.g., made of ferrous and/or non-ferrous material) that is releasably coupled to the bearing section 200.

[0076] The sensing element 226 is a non-contact position sensor (e.g., an inductive proximity sensor, a Hall effect sensor, etc.) that detects a rotary position of the regulating wheel arm 166. In some embodiments, The sensing element 226 is positioned so as to be at least partially enclosed by the regulating wheels 132, and disposed beneath at least a portion of the subframe 130. The sensing element 226 includes a sensing portion 234 having at least one surface of 11, a three-dimensional projection 238 of the sensing surface connected by an outer perimeter of the sensor 234 (i.e., an extended region or sensing zone in which the sensing target surface 246 can be detected), typically extends away from the sensing surface in the direction of and perpendicular to the pivot axis 170, 11 represent the three-dimensional projection 238 extending away from the sensing portion 234 and passing through the bearing section 200, and thus intersects paths with the pivot axis 170. It is noted, however, that in use the sensing portion 234 detects only the sensing target surface 246 itself. 11 is provided only to illustrate a position of the projection 238 relative to the pivot axis 170.

[0077] With continued reference to Figure 11, the sensing target surface 246 is sensed by the sensing element 226, which determines a proximity to the sensing target surface 246. The sensing target surface 246 is defined by a thickness in 11, the thickness 242a in a first portion 250 of the raised shoulder portion 203 is less than a thickness 242b in a second portion 254 of the raised shoulder portion 203. Because of this tapering thickness 242, a distance (i.e., gap) 258 between the sensing target surface 246 and the sensing element 226 decreases linearly as the governor wheel arm 166 rotates counterclockwise about the pivot axis. 170 (i.e., as the regulating wheel arm 166 lowers). In other words, the thickness 242 increases continuously by moving clockwise around the sensing target surface 246, so that when the sensing target surface 246 rotates counterclockwise with the regulating wheel arm 166, the distance 258 decreases continuously.

[0078] In the illustrated construction, the distance 258 is directly proportional to an angle of the regulating wheel arm 166 and, therefore, a depth of the groove 136. Thus, as the distance 258 increases (which represents an elevation of the wheel arm regulator 166), the depth of the groove 136 also increases. Otherwise, as the distance 258 decreases, the depth of the groove 136 also decreases. Figure 12 illustrates an example of a relationship between a measured emission from the sensing element 226 and the depth of the groove 136, using a linear regression model.

[0079] In some constructions, the sensing target surface 246 (or a plane tangent thereto) is parallel to the sensing surface (or a plane tangent thereto) of the sensing portion 234 in at least one position of the wheel arm. regulator 166 (e.g., as the regulator wheel arm 166 rotates, a tangency (i.e., a line or plane tangent to the curve) of the sensing target surface 246 remains parallel to the sensing surface). This parallel arrangement facilitates sensing of the sensing target surface 246 by the sensing portion 234 of the sensing element 226. In some constructions, the sensing target surface 246 (or a plane tangent thereto) is parallel to a corresponding portion of the sensing surface 246. of sensing portion 234 at all points during a rotation of the regulating wheel arm 166.

[0080] An advantage of forming the timing wheel arm 166 with the sensing target surface 246 (or otherwise attaching the sensing target surface 246 to the timing wheel arm 166) is that the sensing element 226 thereby measures an actual toggle arm position 166 (and not, for example, just the position of a toggle arm stop). In some constructions, and as illustrated in Figure 11, another sensing target surface 260 is disposed along an opposite side of the bearing section 200, opposite a grease inlet 261. This allows the regulating wheel arm 166 to be used on both sides of the 118 line unit.

[0081] Referring to Figures 2 to 12, in some constructions the position sensor (or sensors) 148 described above are first calibrated before any measurements or calculations are made, and are subsequently recalibrated one or more times after use. extensive use of the seeder 10 (for example, once the furrow opener 134 begins to wear). For example, the position sensors 148 described above detect rotary positions of the arm or steering wheel arms 166. However, in some constructions, to fully calculate the depth 154, these rotary positions need to be compared with known rotary positions of the control arms. regulating wheel 166 when the depth 154 of the groove 136 is considered zero. To determine these known rotary positions, the row unit 118 may first be placed, for example, on a flat hard surface (e.g., concrete), so that a bottom of the furrow opener 134 and the bottoms of the regulating wheels 132 are all in contact with the concrete. The rotary positions of the regulating wheel arms 166 are then measured. These measurements can then be used by the controller 178 to determine changes in the rotary positions of the governor wheels 132 during operation, and thereby fully calculate the depth 154. Using the position sensor or sensors 148, the actual depth 154 can be determined on a continuous basis.

[0082] In addition to sensing depth 154, the emission signals from position sensor 148 can be used, or alternatively, as a diagnostic tool. For example, if a timing wheel 132 remains in the same position for an extended (e.g., predetermined) period of time, this may indicate a malfunction in the line unit 118 that holds the timing wheel 132 in place. Likewise, the loss of a gauge wheel 132 (i.e., a missing gauge wheel 132 that is no longer coupled to the gauge wheel arm 166) may be indicated by the signals. Although this is rare, the loss of a governor wheel 132 may otherwise go undetected for a long time. Thus, the use of position sensors 148 helps to alert the operator of a lost governor wheel 132 (e.g., through an alert sent from controller 178 upon receipt of signals from position sensor 148). Additionally, in some constructions, the position sensor 148 may provide output signals that are used to indicate whether the first steering wheel arm 166 is out of an expected position by a predetermined magnitude or for a predetermined duration of time (e.g., the regulating wheel arm 166 is stuck and remains in the same position) or oscillates more than a predetermined frequency about its pivot axis 170 (e.g., which indicates that additional downward force may be required to control or stabilize the toggle arm 166), or if a differential between the two toggle wheel arms 166 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold and/or equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold for a predetermined amount of time (e.g., that indicates that the two regulating wheel arms 166 are simultaneously in different rotating positions for a very long period of time).

[0083] Referring to Figure 2, in some constructions, the line unit 118 includes at least one additional position sensor 150 positioned on or adjacent to the seed tamping device 144. The additional position sensor 150 measures a rotational position of the seed tamper 144 relative to the subframe 130 (e.g., detecting a rotational movement of the seed tamper 144 relative to the subframe 130). For example, in the illustrated construction the seed tamping device 144 is rigid and is coupled to the subframe 130 via a four-bar pivot connection 222 (see, for example, U.S. patent publication 2017/0086360 and publication U.S. Patent No. 2017/0086362, both of which are incorporated in their entirety herein for examples of four four-bar pivot connections). Other seed tamping devices 144 may include a single rigid bar or pivot arm, and/or may include a pressure wheel to firm the seeds. The additional position sensor 150 may be a potentiometer, accelerometer, or other sensor positioned in the seed tamping device 144 (e.g., in the four-bar pivot connection 222). Additional position sensor 150 measures a rotational position of the four-bar pivot linkage 222 relative to subframe 130. Additional position sensor 150 may be any of a number of different types of sensors, including the types of sensors described above in conjunction with determine the rotary positions of the regulating wheel arms 166. For example, the additional position sensor 150 may include a rotary potentiometer coupled to the seed tamping device 144 (or four-bar connection) and the subframe, or may include any other sensor rotary coupled to a pivot point of the seed tamping device 144. In some constructions, the additional position sensor 150 may include an on-axis type of sensor, for example, if the seed tamping device 144 is of a type that pivots around an axis. In some constructions the additional position sensor 150 may include a sensing array coupled to the subframe 130 or the seed tamping device 144, and one or more magnets coupled to the seed tamping device 144 or the subframe 130 to detect the rotary position. of the seed tamping device 144. In some constructions the additional position sensor 150 may include an accelerometer coupled to the seed tamping device 144. In some constructions the position sensor or sensors 148 used to detect the rotary positions of the seed tamping devices 144. regulating wheel 166 are different types of sensors than the additional position sensor 150 used to detect movement of the seed tamping device 144.

[0084] With continued reference to Figure 2, in some constructions the signal or signals from the additional position sensor 150 are sent to the controller 178, together with the signal or signals from the position sensor or sensors 148 associated with the control arms. regulating wheel 166. Signals from these various position sensors 148, 150 indicate both a rotary position of the seed tamping device 144 relative to the subframe 130 and a rotary position of the regulating wheels 132 relative to the frame. Using these signals, and assuming that the seed tamping device 144 is in constant contact with the bottom 162 of the furrow 136 (e.g., the seed tamping device may be spring-propelled downward into contact with the bottom of furrow) and the gauge wheels 132 are in constant contact with the upper surface 158 of the soil 20 (which can be confirmed, for example, by a separate load sensor in a gauge wheel adjustment mechanism), the controller 178 can continuously calculate the depth 154 without having to calibrate or recalibrate the position sensors 148. This represents an actual depth measurement by analyzing the positions of a device that follows the furrow (e.g., the seed tamping device) and a device that follows the earth (e.g., the regulating wheel 132), each relative to the subframe 130.

[0085] Referring to Figure 13, in some constructions the seeder 10 includes a sensor 262 (illustrated schematically) for measuring wear on the furrow opener 134 (or other blade on the seeder 10). In the illustrated construction the sensor 262 is an inductive proximity sensor coupled to the line unit 118 or other structure, although other constructions include different sensors (e.g., infrared, RF, optical, capacitive, etc.). The sensor 262 faces the groove opener 134 (i.e., in a direction on the page in Figure 13) and a shaft 266 in the subframe 130. In other constructions the sensor 262 and/or shaft 266 may be located elsewhere ( for example, sensor 262 may be located in shaft 266 and may face toward furrow opener 134). In some constructions the sensor 262 is positioned to be generally free of soil, moisture, etc., and is coupled to the subframe 130.

[0086] When the furrow opener 134 is new and not worn, the sensor 262 detects a predetermined portion of the furrow opener 134 (which is metallic in the illustrated construction). As the groove opener 134 wears over time (e.g., to a diameter represented by the dashed line 268 in Figure 13), less of the groove opener 134 is in a detectable region or projection of the sensor 262. Thus, the inductive response in sensor 262 decreases with an increasing degree of wear of furrow opener 134. In some constructions, furrow opener 134 includes a disc blade and sensor 262 is a disc blade wear sensor that provides wear indication directly to an operator. The sensor 262 may be mounted, for example, perpendicular to the disc blade to detect an effective disc blade radius (i.e., to detect a reduction in a portion of the disc blade after disc blade wear, and so on). represents how much a radius of the disc blade has been reduced).

[0087] In some constructions the sensor 262 may be used, or alternatively, to monitor the quality of an outer edge of the groove opener 134 (e.g., to detect roundness of the groove opener 134, edge indentations caused by blows stone, etc.).

[0088] In some constructions the sensor 262 is coupled to a controller (e.g., the controller 178) to receive signals from the sensor 262. Signals from the sensor 262 that correspond to the wear level of the furrow opener 134 can be used by the controller to control one or more elements in the seeder 10 (e.g., depth adjustment mechanisms such as a backing adjustment bar and a backing mill similar to the backing adjustment bar 62 and backing mill 72 in the patent document in U.S. 4,413,685, or other mechanisms or stop members for setting a depth adjustment on planting machinery). In some constructions, the sensor 262 and/or the controller 178 are coupled to a display that displays wear of the furrow opener 134 (e.g., for an operator while using the seeder 10). In some constructions, the controller 178 provides an alert if the groove opener 134 wears beyond a predetermined amount.

[0089] In some constructions the seeder 10 includes both the sensor 262 and one or more of the position sensors 148 described above. Similar to sensor 262, sensor or sensors 148 may be coupled to a controller (e.g., controller 178). Controller 178 monitors signals from sensors 262, 148 to determine both an amount of wear on the furrow opener 134 (or other blade(s) on the seeder 10) and movement of the governor wheel arms 166. This information is then used together to determine a furrow depth 136 and/or to control one or more elements in the seeder 10. As noted above, in some constructions one or more of the position sensors 148 are first calibrated before any measurements or calculations are made. made, and are subsequently recalibrated one or more times after extensive use of the seeder 10 (for example, once the furrow opener 134 begins to wear). With the use of sensor 262, such recalibration, or normalization, after the initial calibration is no longer required, as wear of the furrow opener 134 is accounted for through measurements of the sensor 262 (i.e., the sensor 262 is used to calibration or normalization).

[0090] Without the use of sensor 262, controller 178 may assume that furrow opener 134 has not worn out, and that furrow opener 134 therefore penetrates furrow 134 in an identical manner consistent with each use of seeder 10 The controller 178 may also assume that a particular depth of the groove 136 is achieved based solely on a measured angle of the regulating wheel arms 166. With additional use of the sensor 262, however, the controller 10 may take into account and compensate for wear of the groove opener 134. Thus, when the sensor 262 provides signals that the groove opener 134 has worn, for example, from a first outer diameter 270 to the second outer diameter 268, this information can be evaluated by the controller 178 (e.g., used as an offset or compensation value after measuring the steering wheel arm positions 166 with the position sensor or sensor 148) when determining the actual depth of the groove 136.

[0091] Although several different types of position sensors are described herein, the seeder 10 may include any one or more of the position sensors, or a combination thereof. Additionally, any of the sensors (e.g., position sensors) described herein may be disposed between the steering wheel arms and/or below at least a portion of the frame, and in some constructions one or more features of the sensors ( for example, the potentiometer, the differential gearbox, the sensor matrix, etc.) can be at least partially hidden between the regulating wheel arms when viewing the seeder along a geometric axis of rotation of one of the wheels regulators. Additionally, the seeding machine 10 may use at least one controller, such as the controller 178, to receive signals from any of the position sensors described herein, and to use those signals to control one or more elements in the seeding machine 10 and /or to perform calculations relating to the seeder 10 (e.g. corresponding to furrow depth, positioning of components, etc.).

[0092] The following are several clauses that describe various modalities and various concepts described in this document:

[0093] Clause 1. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a first regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a first regulating wheel coupled to the first regulating wheel arm, a second regulating wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a second gauge wheel coupled to the second gauge wheel arm, and a depth sensor coupled to both the first gauge wheel arm and the second gauge wheel arm, the depth sensor including a differential gearbox and a potentiometer single.

[0094] Clause 2. The seeding machine of clause 1, wherein the depth sensor includes a first connection coupled to the first regulating wheel arm and a second connection coupled to the second regulating wheel arm, wherein the differential gearbox includes a housing, a first bevelled gear coupled to the first connection and disposed at least partially in the housing, a second bevelled gear coupled to the second connection and disposed at least partially in the housing, a third bevelled gear coupled to the housing and disposed therein, and a fourth bevel gear coupled to the housing and arranged therein, wherein the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear are in engagement with each other such that a rotary movement of the first regulating wheel arm causes an equal and opposite rotary movement of the second regulating wheel arm.

[0095] Clause 3. The seeder of clause 2, wherein the depth sensor additionally includes a rack attached to the housing, and a fifth bevelled gear engaged with the rack, wherein the fifth bevelled gear is coupled to the single potentiometer.

[0096] Clause 4. The seeder of clause 2, wherein the first connecting arm is coupled to the first regulating wheel arm with a third connecting arm, and wherein the second connecting arm is coupled to the second regulating wheel arm with a fourth link arm.

[0097] Clause 5. The seeder of clause 1, wherein the differential gearbox is at least partially enclosed by the first and second regulating wheels.

[0098] Clause 6. The seeder of clause 1, wherein the depth sensor is a first sensor, wherein the seeder includes a furrow opener and a second sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[0099] Clause 7. The seeder of clause 1, which further comprises a controller in communication with the depth sensor, wherein the depth sensor emits signals that correspond to the positions of the regulating wheel arms, and wherein the controller is configured to provide an alert if one of the toggle arms is missing or if one of the toggle arms has remained in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00100] Clause 8. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a regulating wheel coupled to the regulating wheel arm, and a set of position sensors configured to detect a rotary position of the regulating wheel arm, with the position sensor assembly including an eccentric surface.

[00101] Clause 9. The seeding machine of clause 8, wherein the position sensor assembly includes an inductive proximity sensor positioned on and carried by the frame, the inductive proximity sensor being configured to detect a proximity to the surface eccentric.

[00102] Clause 10. The seeding machine of clause 9, wherein the regulating wheel arm includes a bearing section having a raised shoulder portion with a tapered thickness, the raised shoulder portion defining the eccentric surface in a manner that as the regulating wheel arm pivots relative to the frame, a distance between the inductive proximity sensor and the eccentric surface changes.

[00103] Clause 11. The seeder of clause 9, in which a distance between the eccentric surface and the inductive proximity sensor changes as the regulating wheel arm is rotated.

[00104] Clause 12. The seeding machine of clause 8, wherein a ferrous clamp is releasably coupled to one end of the regulating wheel arm, the ferrous clamp including the eccentric surface.

[00105] Clause 13. The seeding machine of clause 8, wherein the regulating wheel arm is rotatable about a pivot axis, wherein the position sensor assembly includes a sensing element having a sensing surface which is facing the pivot axis.

[00106] Clause 14. The seeder of clause 13, wherein as the regulating wheel arm rotates, the eccentric surface remains parallel to the sensing surface.

[00107] Clause 15. The seeding machine of clause 13, wherein the sensing element is an inductive proximity sensor.

[00108] Clause 16. The seeder of clause 8, wherein the seeder includes a furrow opener, and wherein the position sensor assembly includes a sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[00109] Clause 17. The seeding machine of clause 8, which further comprises a controller in communication with the position sensor assembly, wherein the position sensor assembly provides emission signals that correspond to a position of the regulating wheel arm , and wherein the controller is configured to provide an alert if the toggle arm is absent or the toggle arm has remained in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00110] Clause 18. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a second regulating wheel coupled to the second regulating wheel arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor and a coupled connection between the first regulating wheel arm and the position sensor.

[00111] Clause 19. The seeder of clause 18, wherein the position sensor includes a potentiometer.

[00112] Clause 20. The seeder of clause 18, wherein the position sensor includes a differential gearbox.

[00113] Clause 21. The seeder of clause 18, wherein the position sensor is a first position sensor and the connection is a first connection, wherein the position sensor assembly includes a second position sensor and a second coupled connection between the second regulating wheel arm and the second position sensor.

[00114] Clause 22. The seeder of clause 18, wherein the connection is a first connection, and the position sensor assembly includes a second connection coupled between the second regulating wheel arm and the position sensor.

[00115] Clause 23. The seeder of clause 18, in which the position sensor is arranged below the frame.

[00116] Clause 24. The seeder of clause 18, wherein the seeder includes a furrow opener, and wherein the position sensor assembly includes a sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[00117] Clause 25. The seeder of clause 18, which further comprises a controller in communication with the position sensor, wherein the position sensor emits signals corresponding to a position of the first regulating wheel arm, and wherein the The controller is configured to provide an alert if the first toggle arm is missing or if the first toggle arm has remained in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00118] Clause 26. A seeding machine comprising a frame. a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a second adjuster wheel coupled to the second adjuster wheel arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor disposed between the first toggle arm and the second toggle arm such that the position sensor is at least partially obscured between the first and second toggle wheels when sees the seeder along a geometric axis of rotation of the first regulating wheel.

[00119] Clause 27. The seeder of clause 26, wherein the position sensor includes a potentiometer.

[00120] Clause 28. The seeder of clause 26, wherein the position sensor includes a differential gearbox.

[00121] Clause 29. The seeder of clause 26, wherein the position sensor includes an accelerometer.

[00122] Clause 30. The seeder of clause 26, wherein the position sensor includes an inductive proximity sensor.

[00123] Clause 31. The seeder of clause 26, wherein the seeder includes a furrow opener, and wherein the position sensor assembly includes a sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[00124] Clause 32. The seeder of clause 26, which further comprises a controller in communication with the position sensor, wherein the position sensor outputs signals corresponding to a position of the first regulating wheel arm, and wherein the The controller is configured to provide an alert if the first toggle arm is missing or if the first toggle arm has remained in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00125] Clause 33. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a furrow opener coupled to the frame, a first regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame, a first regulating wheel coupled to the first regulating wheel arm, a second arm of a regulating wheel pivotably coupled to the frame, a second regulating wheel coupled to the second regulating wheel arm, and a position sensor assembly having a first position sensor for detecting a rotary movement of the first regulating wheel arm, wherein The position sensor assembly additionally includes a second position sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[00126] Clause 34. The seeding machine of clause 33, wherein the first position sensor is configured to detect a rotary movement of both the first regulating wheel arm and the second regulating wheel arm.

[00127] Clause 35. The seeder of clause 33, wherein the first position sensor includes a potentiometer.

[00128] Clause 36. The seeder of clause 33, wherein the position sensor assembly includes a controller, wherein the controller is configured to receive signals from both the first position sensor and the second position sensor, and use the signs for determining a depth of a groove.

[00129] Clause 37. The seeder of clause 36, wherein the controller is configured to provide an alert if one of the regulating wheel arms is missing or if one of the regulating wheel arms has remained in the same position for a period of time predetermined.

[00130] Clause 38. The seeder of clause 33, wherein the position sensor is at least partially enclosed by the first and second regulating wheels.

[00131] Clause 39. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a second regulating wheel coupled to the second regulating wheel arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor for detecting a rotary movement of the first regulating wheel arm, and a controller in communication with the position sensor, wherein the position sensor outputs signals corresponding to a position of the toggle arm, and wherein the controller is configured to provide an alert if the first toggle arm is absent or if the first toggle arm remains in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00132] Clause 40. The seeder of clause 39, wherein the position sensor includes a potentiometer.

[00133] Clause 41. The seeder of clause 39, wherein the position sensor includes an inductive proximity sensor.

[00134] Clause 42. The seeder of clause 39, wherein the position sensor includes an accelerometer.

[00135] Clause 43. The seeder of clause 39, wherein the position sensor is at least partially enclosed by the first and second regulating wheels.

[00136] Clause 44. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a second toggle wheel coupled to the second toggle arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor that includes a single sensing array positioned between the first toggle arm and the second toggle arm.

[00137] Clause 45. The seeding machine of clause 44, wherein the single sensing array includes a Hall effect sensor.

[00138] Clause 46. The seeder of clause 45, wherein the position sensor includes a first magnet coupled to the first regulating wheel arm configured to be detected by the Hall effect sensor.

[00139] Clause 47. The seeder of clause 46, wherein the position sensor includes a second magnet coupled to the second regulating wheel arm configured to be detected by the Hall effect sensor.

[00140] Clause 48. The seeding machine of clause 44, wherein the single sensing array is at least partially enclosed by the first and second regulating wheels.

[00141] Clause 49. The seeder of clause 44, wherein the seeder includes a furrow opener, and wherein the position sensor assembly includes a sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[00142] Clause 50. The seeder of clause 44, which further comprises a controller in communication with the position sensor, wherein the position sensor outputs signals corresponding to a position of the first regulating wheel arm, and wherein the The controller is configured to provide an alert if the first toggle arm is missing or if the first toggle arm has remained in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00143] Clause 51. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a first adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a first adjuster wheel coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm, a second adjuster wheel arm pivotably coupled to the frame, a second toggle wheel coupled to the second toggle arm, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor that includes an accelerometer coupled to the first toggle arm for measuring movement of the first toggle arm.

[00144] Clause 52. The seeding machine of clause 51, in which the accelerometer is mounted directly on the first regulating wheel arm.

[00145] Clause 53. The seeding machine of clause 51, wherein the accelerometer is a first accelerometer, wherein the position sensor assembly includes a second accelerometer coupled to the second regulating wheel arm to measure movement of the second regulating wheel arm .

[00146] Clause 54. The seeding machine of clause 51, wherein the accelerometer is at least partially enclosed by the first and second regulating wheels.

[00147] Clause 55. The seeding machine of clause 51, wherein the seeding machine includes a furrow opener, and wherein the position sensor assembly includes a sensor for detecting wear of the furrow opener.

[00148] Clause 56. The seeder of clause 51, which further comprises a controller in communication with the position sensor, wherein the position sensor outputs signals corresponding to a position of the first regulating wheel arm, and wherein the The controller is configured to provide an alert if the first toggle arm is missing or if the first toggle arm has remained in the same position for a predetermined period of time.

[00149] Clause 57. A seeding machine comprising a frame, a furrow opener coupled to the frame, and a position sensor assembly having a position sensor that faces the furrow opener and detects wear of the furrow opener .

[00150] Clause 58. The seeder of clause 57, wherein the position sensor is an inductive proximity sensor.

[00151] Clause 59. The seeder of clause 57, wherein the frame includes a shaft, wherein the position sensor faces both the furrow opener and the shaft.

[00152] Clause 60. The seeder of clause 57, wherein the frame includes a shaft, wherein the position sensor is coupled to the shaft and faces away from the shaft and towards the furrow opener.

[00153] Clause 61. A seeding machine comprising a frame, an earth-following device coupled to the frame, a furrow-following device coupled to the frame, and a position sensor assembly having a first position sensor that detects movement of the earth-following device and a second position sensor that detects movement of the groove-following device.

[00154] Clause 62. The seeder of clause 61, wherein the earth-following device includes a regulating wheel arm pivotally coupled to the frame and the furrow-following device includes a seed tamping device.

[00155] Clause 63. The seeder of clause 62, wherein the seed tamping device pivots relative to the frame at a pivot point, and wherein a pivot sensor is disposed at the pivot point.

[00156] Clause 64. The seeding machine of clause 62, wherein the seed tamping device is coupled to the frame by means of a four-bar pivot connection.

[00157] Clause 65. The seeder of clause 64, wherein the second position sensor is a rotary potentiometer coupled to the four-bar pivot linkage and the frame.

[00158] Various features and various advantages of the description are set forth in the following claims.

Claims (11)

1. Row unit (18, 118) for a seeder (10) comprising: a frame (130); a first regulating wheel arm (166) pivotally coupled to the frame; a first adjuster wheel (132) coupled to the first adjuster wheel arm; a second regulating wheel arm (166) pivotally coupled to the frame; and, a second adjuster wheel (132) coupled to the second adjuster wheel arm; characterized in that it comprises a position sensor assembly having a position sensor (148) disposed both between the first control wheel arm and the second control wheel arm, and under at least a portion of the frame. 2. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 1, characterized in that the position sensor (148) includes a potentiometer (572). 3. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the position sensor (148) includes a differential gearbox (528). 4. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 3, characterized in that the differential gearbox (528) having a housing (536), a first bevelled gear (540) disposed at least partially within the housing, a second bevel gear (544) disposed at least partially within the housing, a third bevel gear (548) disposed at least partially within the housing, and a fourth bevel gear (556) disposed at least partially within the housing, wherein the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the third bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear are in mutual engagement with each other, and wherein the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear are coupled to the housing with a pin structure (552). 5. Line unit (18, 118) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the position sensor (148) includes an accelerometer. 6. Line unit (18, 118) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the position sensor (148) includes an inductive proximity sensor. 7. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 6, characterized in that a sensing target is integrated into one end of the first regulating wheel arm (166), and wherein the sensing target defines a sensing target surface (246) that is configured to be detected by the inductive proximity sensor. 8. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 6, characterized in that a sensor target clamp is removably coupled to a bearing section (200) of the first arm of the regulating wheel (166), the sensor target clamp defining a sensing target surface (246) that is configured to be detected by the inductive proximity sensor. 9. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 6, characterized in that the first regulating wheel arm (166) includes a bearing section (200) having a surface, wherein a portion of the bearing surface bearing section defines a sensing target surface (246) that is configured to be detected by the inductive proximity sensor. 10. Line unit (18, 118) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the position sensor (168) includes a single sensing matrix (202). 11. Line unit (18, 118) according to claim 10, characterized in that the single sensing array (202) includes a Hall Effect sensor, wherein the first regulating wheel arm (166) includes a first magnet (206) and the second regulating wheel arm (166) includes a second magnet (210), and wherein the Hall Effect sensor is configured to detect the first and second magnet.