BG66889B1 - Electrolysis apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The electrolysis apparatus for producing Brown’s gas is a vessel comprising of of a bath-tub (1) and a lid (17) filled with sea water, in which an electrolytic cell (3) consisting of a number of electrolytic plates (4) is placed. All electrolytic plates (4) have external current terminals connected by "plus" (7) and "minus" (8) with a constant voltage source. Under the electrolysis cell (3) there is a nozzle water supply apparatus (9) connected to a water pipe (10). In the upper part, the electrolysis cell (3) is covered by a sedimentation-collecting frame (12). In the bath-tub (1), a water intake duct (11) for collecting sludge is located near the nozzle water supply apparatus (9) and is connected to a desiccant (15) via a circulation pump (13) and a separator filter (14). The lid (17) has a conical shape in the upper part and a cylindrical shape in the lower part, wherein in the upper part of the lid (17) a fireproofing barrier (19) is installed a reverse inverted U-shaped bubbler pipe (20) one end of which is connected to the space under the lid (17), and the other end is immersed in the fireproofing barrier (19). An outlet pipe (21) for the Brown’s gas is installed at the upper end of the fireproofing barrier (19).

Description

(54) ELECTROLYSIS APPARATUS

Field of application

The invention relates to an electrolysis apparatus for producing Brownian gas, which will find application in energy.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known from practice is an electrolysis apparatus for producing Brownian gas from distilled water, consisting of a closed vessel with an electrolysis cell immersed in it. The electrolysis cell is composed of electrolysis plates, clamped in a package. The electrolysis cell package is attached to the walls of the vessel. All plates of the electrolysis cell have external current-carrying ends, connected by means of current-carrying busbars to a source of constant voltage. The closed vessel is provided with a pipe for supplying distilled water. At the upper end, the vessel is equipped with a pipeline to discharge the new gas to the Brow.

The known electrolysis apparatus for obtaining Brown's gas works with distilled water and is not suitable for working with sea or polluted water, which in practice limits its functionality.

Technical essence of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide an electrolysis apparatus for producing Brownian gas which can work efficiently with seawater and other types of polluted water and which allows industrially applicable materials to be extracted from the water used.

The created electrolysis apparatus for receiving Brownian gas consists of a vessel with an electrolysis cell immersed in it, composed of electrolysis plates clamped in a package attached to the walls of the vessel. The electrolysis plates have external current-carrying ends connected by means of current-carrying busbars to a source of constant voltage. The vessel is equipped with a water supply pipe, and at the upper end is equipped with a pipeline for the removal of Brown's gas. According to the invention, the vessel consists of a bath and a lid. In its upper part the electrolysis cell is covered by a sedimentation collection frame. Under the electrolysis cell is installed a nozzle water supply device connected to the water supply pipe for sea water. In the lower part of the bath, under the electrolysis cell, a water suction pipe is installed for drainage of the collected sludge from the sludge collection frame. The water suction line through a circulation pump and a filter-separator is connected to a sludge dryer. At the top of the tub is a cone-shaped lid at the top and a cylindrical lid at the bottom. A fire barrier is installed in the upper part of the cover, in which an inverted U-shaped bubble tube is mounted, one end of which is connected to the gas space under the cover, and the other end is immersed in water in the fire barrier.

The lid is hermetically connected to the bathtub by means of seals with seals and a locking mechanism.

In a second embodiment of the invention, the electrolysis apparatus is comprised of a Faraday mesh cell, in which the lid is mounted directly on the bottom of the bath, which is always completely immersed in the water.

The advantages of the present invention are mainly expressed in two directions:

- the electrolysis apparatus is able to work with any water, including sea and industrially polluted water;

- with its help, in addition to Brown's gas, industrially applicable materials are extracted from the water, which are mainly a raw material for the metallurgical industry;

- the product obtained from the electrolysis apparatus is environmentally friendly and, in addition, distilled water is obtained during its combustion.

Explanation of the attached figures

The present invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed type electrolysis apparatus;

Figure 2 is a diagram explaining the principle of operation of the electrolysis apparatus of Figure 1; 1; and Figure 3 - open type electrolysis apparatus.

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An exemplary embodiment of the invention

The electrolysis device is developed in two variants - open and closed type.

The closed type electrolysis apparatus is a vessel consisting of a bath 1 and a lid 17. The bath 1 is filled with seawater supplied through an electric valve 22. The electrolysis apparatus is placed on supports 2 - figure 1. An electrolysis cell is placed inside the bath 1. 3, consisting of a plurality of electrolysis plates 4 clamped in a common package by means of plastic studs 5 with plastic nuts 6. The plastic studs 5 are mounted in holes formed in the electrolysis plates 4 and spacer sleeves are mounted on the studs 5 and between the electrolysis plates 4, with the help of which a certain distance between the electrolysis plates 4 is maintained - in this case the distance between the electrolysis plates 4 is about 3 mm. All electrolysis plates 4 of the electrolysis cell 3 have external current-carrying ends, connected by means of current-carrying buses "plus" 7 and "minus" 8 with a source of constant voltage.

A nozzle water supply device 9 is placed under the electrolysis cell 3. The nozzle water supply device 9 is connected to a water supply pipe 10.

In its upper part the electrolysis cell 3 is covered by a sedimentation collection frame 12. The nozzle water supply device 9 "blows" the sediments from the bottom up, while the water flow helps to separate the gas bubbles from the electrolysis plates 4 and facilitates their direction to the sedimentation collection frame 12. supporting the separation of gas bubbles from the electrolysis plates 4, the upward flow of water from the bottom up also improves the efficiency of the electrolysis process.

In the bath 1, near the nozzle water supply device 9, a water suction pipe 11 is installed, serving for drainage of the permanently collected sludge through the sedimentation collection frame 12, which covers the whole electrolysis cell 3. The inner edge of the frame 12 is almost at the water level. , and the outer edge is raised higher to prevent sludge from escaping from the frame 12.

By means of a circulation pump 13 the collected sludge is sent to a filter-separator 14, from where the sludge is led through a pipeline to a sludge dryer 15 - fig. 2.

The purified water from the filter-separator 14 is returned to the electrolysis apparatus through a second circulation pump 16 through the water supply pipe 10. The characteristic in this case is that the returned water enters from the lower side of the cell 3 through the nozzle water supply device 9 and "blows" the cell 3 from random sediment particles and directs them to the upper side for removal through the frame 12.

The whole bath 1 is covered with a lid 17 with a conical shape in the upper part and cylindrical in the lower part. In the lower cylindrical part of the lid 17, special edges are formed with seals and a locking mechanism 18, by means of which a tight connection is provided between the bath 1 and the lid 17.

On the inside of the lid 17 are glued conductive plates (not shown in the figure), used to control the water level. A non-contact ultrasonic water level control can be installed instead of current-carrying plates for the same purpose.

Above the conical part of the lid 17 there is a fire barrier 19, in which an inverted U-shaped bubble tube 20 is mounted, one end of which is connected to the space closed by the lid 17, and the other end of the U-shaped bubble tube 20 is immersed in the water in the fire damper 19. Above the fire damper 19 is installed a pipe 21 for exhausting the Brown gas.

Figure 3 shows a variant embodiment of the electrolysis apparatus of open type, which is designed to work in the sea, immersed in sea water, the pressure in the apparatus depends on the depth of immersion. The pressure in the apparatus must not exceed 3 atmospheres or a depth of 30 sh.

The open-type electrolysis apparatus differs from the closed-type electrolysis apparatus in that:

- the lid 17 already acts as a bell, there are no seals on its underside, and the lid 17 is placed directly on the bottom of the tub 1, which is always completely immersed in the water. The electrolysis cover 17 is narrower and comprises the electrolysis cell 3 together with the sedimentation frame 12 and the nozzle water supply apparatus 9;

- the whole electrolysis apparatus is covered by a special Faraday mesh cell 22, which

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Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 06.1 / 17.06.2019 ka 22 operates under pulse voltage in synchrony with the pulses applied to the electrolysis cell 3.

The open and closed type of electrolysis devices have similar constructions, the difference is in the size of the lid 17 and the open type of electrolysis device does not use seals and locks.

Principle of operation of the invention

The electrolysis cell 3 is powered by a power supply unit (not shown in the diagram) with output parameters-voltage 12-13 V and current up to 300 amps. In order to avoid heavy transformer constructions and to facilitate the regulation of current and voltage, it is envisaged that the power supply will be pulsed. The supplied current is straight, but pulsed from 0 to 12-13 V, and the generator has the ability to adjust the current frequency from 0 to 45 kHz with rectangular pulses, with the ability to adjust the pulse width and the distance between the pulses.

The Brownian gas production process is an electrolysis process controlled by a pulse generator that controls the shape, frequency, width, distance between pulses and regulates current. In this way, the amount of Brown gas produced is regulated on the basis of the predicted power extracted from the electrolysis cell 3, which also depends on the electrical conductivity and the quality of the sea water.

A characteristic feature of the process in the created apparatus for obtaining Brown's gas from sea water is that it is accompanied by the release of a huge amount of sludge in a relatively short time. This requires their timely and rapid removal to prevent deterioration of the electrolysis process. Since the separation of sludge is associated with a change in electrical conductivity, the state of electrical conductivity is constantly monitored and corrected with the help of alkaline substances, most often potassium-based.

When the electrolysis starts, the separation of sludge starts immediately. For this purpose, a circulation pump 13 is provided, which sucks the separated sludge from the sludge collection frame 12, injects the sludge emulsion into the filter separator 14 and returns the purified water back to the bath 1, but from the bottom of the electrolysis cell 3, so that the incoming water to "blow" the space between the electrolysis plates 4. The natural movement of the precipitating particles with such "blowing" is upwards, under the influence of gas bubbles rising to the surface, where the particles accumulate as brown dirty foam and settle on the side of the cell 3. So, the "blowing" itself supports the natural circulation of the sediment particles.

The produced Brown gas, collected in the dome of the lid 17, through an opening enters the fire barrier 19, where it bubbles, the gas is separated from the water and through a pipe 21 is sent for use.

A characteristic feature of the open-type electrolysis apparatus is that it is not sealed, but is covered by a mesh cell, type "Faraday". The isolation of the produced gas from the atmosphere and its removal is carried out by the lid 17, which is installed directly on the bottom of the bath 1, which is always completely immersed in the water.

Claims (3)

Patent claims 1. An electrolysis apparatus for producing Brownian gas, consisting of a vessel with an electrolytic cell immersed in it, consisting of electrolysis plates clamped in a package attached to the walls of the vessel, the electrolysis plates having extended current-carrying ends connected by current-carrying busbars to a source of constant voltage, at which the vessel is provided with a water supply pipe, and its upper end is provided with a pipeline for the removal of Brown's gas, characterized in that the vessel is composed of a bath (1) and a lid (17). the electrolysis cell (3), the upper part of which is covered by a sedimentation collection frame (12), is a nozzle water supply device (9) connected to the water supply pipe (10) for sea water, and in the lower part of the bath ), under the electrolysis cell (3) is installed a water suction pipe (11) for drainage of the collected sludge, which through a circulation pump (13) and a filter-separator (14) is connected to a sludge dryer (15), as located at the upper end on the bath (1) lid (17) has a conical shape in the upper part and a cylindrical shape in the lower part, in which a fire barrier (19) is installed in the upper part of the lid (17), in which the inverted U-shaped bubble tube is mounted. (20), one end of which is connected to 129 Descriptions of issued patents for inventions № 06.1 / 17.06.2019 the space under the lid (17), and its other end is immersed in the fire barrier (19). Electrolysis apparatus for producing Brownian gas according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lid (17) is hermetically connected to the bath (1) by means of sealing edges and a locking mechanism (18). Electrolysis apparatus for producing Brownian gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrolysis apparatus is comprised of a mesh cell, type "Faraday", wherein the lid (17) is mounted directly on the bottom of the bath (1), which is completely immersed in water.