BG66263B1 - Pontoon water-power station - Google Patents

Abstract

The pontoon water-power station is used in hydraulic-power engineering for the production of electricity by converting the kinetic energy of flowing water. It comprises a pontoon (3), to which there are fixed a confuser (5) and a diffuser (7) connected therebetween by a working channel (6), vortex generators (8) being installed in the confuser (5) and the diffuser (7). Along the working channel (6) on the pontoon (3) there are mounted converters (4), the outputs of their axes (16) being connected to electric generators (9). On the axes (16) of the converters (4) there are fixed large (12) andsmall (13) gears / belt pulleys respectively connected to long (14) and short (15) chains / gear belts. On long pins (19) and short (20) pins fixed respectively on the long chains / gear belts (14) and short chains / gear belts (15) there are attached the separate blade groups (18), each blade component of a blade group (18) is inclined toward the axis of the working channel (6). The pontoon (3),which is a foundation and floor of an engine room (10), is held stationary with respect to the flow through anchors (2) in the bottom of the water basin, while the produced electricity is transmittedfrom the pontoon (3) to the shore by a power transmission cable (11).

Description

(54) Pontoon hydroelectric power plant

Field of application

The invention relates to a pontoon hydroelectric plant (HPPP), which is used in hydropower for the production of electricity from slow-flowing flows.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hydroelectric power plants are known, equipped with different types of water wheels, blades, blades and other turbine-type structures. Most of these structures do not provide conditions for pre-acceleration of the free-flowing flow. This limits their application, because at low flow rates, the result is low efficiency and the result is low-power electricity.

Also known is patent DE 368 564 (C) for a hydropower plant with chains and blades. This device is characterized by having chains and blades but no acceleration system. Its device consists of two conveyor circuits of misaligned chains, gears, blades with a semicircular shape, bats and a water-guided wing. Both circuits are assigned a different function. The chain of the larger circuit carries the blades, which are mounted on the chain by means of a bearing element at one end. The second chain has a smaller contour and serves to dynamically change the angle of the blades relative to the motion vector. The angle is altered by means of a ball bearing mounted to the small chain and to the other end of the blades. This device is completely submerged in water. In the movement of the chains, the blades act either in an upright or in a prone position. The purpose of this action is to capture the energy from the incoming stream and rotate the device in one direction only. A distinctive difference of this device with respect to the device subject to this patent is that the circuits here are perpendicular to the flow. The guide wing is intended to deflect the flow perpendicularly and to orient it along the chains of the device. The lying position of the blades, in the reverse movement of the chains, serves to reduce the counter-resistance of the blades to the minimum possible. The presence of directing or deflecting elements has a negative effect on the flow energy, this effect being increased in direct proportion to the deflection angle of these elements. The device also has too many bearing points, which make it difficult to operate and especially to generate electricity. The blades are stacked one behind the other, resulting in a shadowing effect. The pressure of the flow on each subsequent blade mounted on the chain is reduced and this, in turn, causes "blunting" and consequently bypassing of the whole equipment from the flow without achieving a beneficial effect. The device does not have an acceleration system, which makes it inefficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a hydroelectric power plant that combines the advantages of non-turbine methods for converting kinetic energy to river flow or sea or ocean current with the high efficiency of fluid-dynamic helicoidal technical solutions for generating electricity.

The task is solved by the combination of an accelerator system and an energy converter mounted on a pontoon that floats, locked to the bottom of the respective water basin. The acceleration system is built in accordance with the Bernoulli principle for increasing the speed of natural water flow through a confuser - a working channel - a diffuser. The section of the working channel is less than the section of the inlet of the confuser, which causes a corresponding increase in the speed of the water flow. Vortex generators are also installed in the acceleration system, which contribute to the increase of the water flow velocity in the working channel.

The converter is mounted in the working channel and is submerged in water up to the level of the axles of the gear wheels (belt washers). He

66263 Bl consists of two coaxial loops of conveyor type chains, which are arranged in the direction of the water flow. These chains are different sizes. The two coaxial circuits consist of two pairs of gears / belt washers / and chains / gear belts /. On the chains / belts /, perpendicularly, studs are mounted, carrying fixedly fixed blade groups. The blades are arranged at an angle of less than 45 ° with respect to the flow vector in the working channel. Each group of blades is divided into two subgroups, located opposite the central axis of the working channel. Each subsequent blade group has a mirror position of the blades relative to the previous one. Those blade groups that are submerged in the water stream are working. The effect of the action of the converter is obtained by its action in the environment of two adjacent fluids - water and air. The water exerts pressure on the working blades in the direction of flow, and the air does not exert or notice imperceptibly in their reverse movement in the opposite direction. The pressure of the water flow affects the blades that drive the chains. The linear movement of the chains / belts / is transformed by the gears / belt washers / into rotary. From the outputs of the axles of the gears / pulleys / mechanical rotary motion is transmitted to the power generators, and the electricity generated by them is fed through the underwater or air cable to the electrical transmission network. Depending on the flow velocity in the working channel and the area of the blades in the working blades, different torque parameters of the converter are possible. More than one converter may be included in the work channel.

The advantages of the invention are that: the mounting of the carrier chains is in the direction of the water flow, whose pressure is exerted simultaneously on all submerged blades arranged in a zigzag manner and at a specified distance from each other. This enables the flow to meander between the blades and gives it a flow of water flow. Blades have simple and rigid assembly that facilitates power generation and maintenance of the unit itself. The proportions of the confuser, the duct and the diffuser determine with great precision the magnitude of the acceleration of the flow and hence the precise determination of the surface of the individual blades and the final power generated by the equipment. An advantage is the double circuit of the converter. The small contour moves more slowly with its blade groups, which facilitates the transfer of additional water pressure to the blade groups of the large contour, thus producing a better effect than its operation.

It is possible to increase the capacity by joining pontoons in a chain to form an energy park.

Explanation of the annexed figures

An exemplary embodiment of the utility model is shown in the accompanying figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a HPPP;

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of an HPP;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a converter - top view showing two mirror-like blades;

Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of converter AA.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention

The pontoon hydroelectric plant according to the invention includes an accelerator system consisting of fixed to pontoon 3, confuser 5 and diffuser 7 connected to a working channel 6 along which at least one converter 4 with axes 16 connected to the pontoon 3 is mounted. generators 9. On the axes 16 of the converter 4 are fixed large gears or pulleys 12 and small gears or pulleys 13 connected respectively to long chains or timing belts 14 and short chains or timing belts 15 to which respectively and studs 19 and short studs 20 to which separate paddle groups 18 are attached. Each blade 21, of the blade assembly composition 18, is inclined toward the axis of the working channel 6 at an angle of less than 45 ° and each subsequent blade group 18 is located mirror to the previous one, and in the confuser 5 and di

66263 Bl of fusor 7 are mounted vortex generators 8.

The pontoon hydroelectric plant operates as follows.

The accelerated water flow through the confuser 5 and the vortex generators 8 falls into the working channel 6, where it exerts pressure on the blades 21 of the blade groups 18, which are subsequently immersed in the working channel 6. Through the long studs 19 and the short studs 20, the pressure on the blades 21 is transferred. on long chains / timing belts 14 and short chains / timing belts 15, and through them on large gears / pulleys 12 and small gears / pulleys 13. As large and small gears / pulleys are fixed on axes 16 on converter 4, a rotary motion is obtained at the four edges of the converter axes, which is ultimately transmitted to the axes of the power generators 9. All transducers 4 mounted along the working channel 6 are actuated similarly.

Claims (1)

Claims A pontoon hydroelectric plant comprising an accelerator system consisting of a fixed to a pontoon (3), a confuser (5) and a diffuser (7) connected to a working channel (6), along which, on the pontoon (3), mounted at least one converter (4) with axles (16) connected to power generators (9), characterized in that large gear wheels or pulleys (12) and small gears are fixed on the axes (16) of the converter (4). wheels or pulleys (13) connected respectively to long chains or timing belts (14) and short chains or timing belts (15) to which respectively, long pins (19) and short pins (20) are attached, to which separate blades (18) are attached, each blades (21) of the blades (18) being inclined relative to the axis of the working channel (6) at an angle of less than 45 degrees, and each subsequent blade group (18) is positioned in a mirror view of the previous one, where vortex generators (8) are mounted in the confuser (5) and the diffuser (7).