BG61240B1 - Instrument, reading simultaneously the three co-ordinates in the space - Google Patents

Abstract

The measuring instrument includes a pyramid fitted in the upper part of a hemispheroid acting as an indicator. The longitude and latitude lines are positioned on the surface of the hemispheroid. The pendulum is fitted under the hemispheroidand is not affected by the magnetic field, and it is fixed to the spheroid by means of an axial rod with a scale on top of the spherical cover and is fitted to the base by a supporting frame. It also has an external cover with scales on top of the spheroid which enables the instrument to operate with vertical and horizontal indication in 3-dimensions due to the gravitational force.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a device that simultaneously detects the three coordinates in space and is used in construction, geodesy and elsewhere to accurately determine the slope in space, to build a standard horizontal, vertical or slope, and in combination with a compass for the main guiding angle of the flying target, ship, dive site and more.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A device for measuring deviations in two planes perpendicular to one another is known. The device consists of a housing with a base and two circular elements: the first is attached to the base with the possibility of rotation about an axis, which is normal to the axis along the base (measured surface). The second circular element has a pendulum attached to it, which moves on a rock in the plane of the circular element. The second circular element is movably attached to the first so as to make a concentric rotation about an axis perpendicular to the normal to the axis of the base.

The disadvantage of the known solution is that angles are measured only in two mutually perpendicular planes, the measurement being inaccurate due to the influence of atmospheric conditions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to provide a device that simultaneously detects the three coordinates in space with increased measurement accuracy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The device coordinates and accurately reads the three coordinates in space. The device consists of a base with a hemispherical element shell 4, rocks and a pendulum mounted on it. According to the invention, the hemispherical element shell 4 has an integral circular portion fixed through its inner lower surface to a channel 44, the two openings 441, 441 'of which are diametrically located at the base. The center of gravity of the inner hemispherical shell 4 is adjacent to its lower inner surface and is defined by the pendulum 46 connected thereto by a rod 442 passing through a channel in a circular convex portion, one end of which is fixedly fixed to the pendulum opening 461. 46, and its other end is fixed fixedly in an opening at the upper end of the hemispherical shell 4. On the outer surface of the inner hemispherical shell 4, a transverse scale scale 41 and a longitudinal scale scale 42 with a starting point of reading 43, diametrically disposed pendulum 46. The inner hemispherical shell 4 together with the pendulum 46 is located in an intermediate spherical shell 5 composed of two hemispherical elements 5 ', 5 connected to each other and to the inner hemispherical shell 4 by an axis 45 or by positioning pins. The shaft 45 passes through the groove 44 and through the nozzles 451, 451 'or positioning pins freely camps in diametrically located openings 51, 51' of the intermediate spherical shell 5. At its lower surface there is a convex section with a passage for screw passage and by locking it with nut is determined by the center of gravity of the intermediate spherical shell. This center is adjacent to its lower inner surface, and a longitudinal scale scale and a transverse scale scale 53, 53 'with a starting point of reading, the point diametrically opposite to the screw, are plotted on its outer surface. On the other hand, the intermediate spherical shell 5 is inserted and freely bearing in the shell holder 3 of the base by means of D-shaped positioning pins 54, 54 ', one nozzles 541, 54D of which are located in diametrical openings 51, 51' of the intermediate spherical shell 5 and their axis is perpendicular to the axis of its openings 51, 5D. The shell holder seeks an inner surface 31, at least partially spherical, and is fixed in a hemispherical shell lid 2 such that its axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axes of the openings 51, 51 'of the intermediate ball shell 5. The lid 2 is located at the base and a transverse scale scale 21, a longitudinal scale scale and a scale for reading angles or diagrams with a starting point for reading the intersection of the vertical axis of cover 2 with its outer surface are plotted on its outer surface. Base 1, with compass 6 mounted therein, has a central opening for inserting cover 2, and restraining lines 34 are formed at various angles on its upper surface. These lines are extended by the lines of cover 2. The transverse scale scales and the longitudinal scale scales of cover 2, the intermediate spherical shell 5 and the inner hemispherical shell 4 are mutually compatible.

An exemplary embodiment of the appliance is shown in the accompanying figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a general view of the device;

Figure 2 is an exploded general view of the device;

3 is a section along the vertical axis through the lid of the device.

EXAMPLES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

The device simultaneously reading the three coordinates in space according to the invention consists of a base 1, a lid 2, a shell holder 3, an inner spherical shell 4 and an intermediate spherical shell 5. The inner hemispherical shell 4 has an integral circular convex section fixed to its interior. Channel 44 passes through it, its two openings 441 and 441 'being diametrically arranged. The center of gravity of the inner hemispherical shell 4 is adjacent to its lower inner surface and is determined by the pendulum 46, which is connected thereto by the rod 442, which passes through a channel in a circular convex section, with one end fixed to the opening. 461 of the pendulum 46 and its other end is fixedly fixed by an opening in the upper end of the inner hemispherical shell 4 through the nozzle 431 or the pendulum 46 is fixed only in a groove through a circular convex section. The outer surface of the inner hemispherical shell 4 has a transverse scale scale 41, a longitudinal scale scale 42 or a scheme with a starting point 43 that is diametrically opposite to the pendulum 46. The inner spherical shell 4 is located in the intermediate 5 spherical spherical shell two hemispherical shells 5 'and 5' which are connected to each other and to the inner spherical shell 4 by the axis 45 or by positioning pins, the axis 45 passing through the grooves 44 and through its nozzles 451 and 45 D or positioning pins and freely bearing in diametrically opposite openings 51 and 51 'of the intermediate spherical shell 5. A transverse scale scale 53 and 53' and a longitudinal scale scale or schemes are plotted on the outer surface of the intermediate spherical shell 5, 5 '. The starting point of reading is a point diametrically opposite to the screw, the intermediate spherical shell 5 being inserted and freely bearing in the shell holder 3 by means of the Positioning Pin 54 and 54 '. One nozzles 542 and 542 'of these pins are located in the fixing holes 321 and 321' of the sockets 32 and 32 'of the shell holder 3. The other nozzles 541 and 541' are located in the diameter holes 52 and 52 'of the intermediate spherical shell. Their axis is perpendicular to the axis of the openings 51 and 5D. The inner surface of the shell holder 3 is at least partially spherical. The shell holder 3 is connected to a shell lid 2 such that the axis of this lid is perpendicular to the axes of the openings 51, 51 'and 52, 52' of the intermediate ball shell. On the outer surface of lid 2 is a transverse scale scale, a longitudinal scale scale, a scale for reading angles or diagrams. The starting point of the reading is the intersection of the axis of the lid 2 and its outer surface. The base 1 has a central opening for inserting the lid 2 and restraining lines 34 at various angles, extending from the lines of the lid 2, such that the transverse scale scales, the longitudinal scale scales of the lid 2, the intermediate spherical shell 5 and the inner hemispherical shell 4 are mutually compatible.

When the pendulum 46 is fixedly fixed to the inner lower surface of the spherical shell 5, which rests in the shell holder 3, and this shell holder 3 is mounted with the lid 2 which is mounted at the base 1, and the axis of the lid 2 is perpendicular to the base 1 and the index surface compass 6, constantly turned upwards, is also mounted on the base 1, the starting point for reading the angular positioning is on a plane defined by the axis of rotation of the spherical shell 5 and the axis of the pendulum 46 at a static position.

In the lid 2 there is a fixed spherical shell with a transverse scale scale and a longitudinal scale scale, which correspond to the transverse scale scale and the longitudinal scale scale of the lid 2, the intermediate spherical shell 5 and the inner hemispherical shell 4, are arranged others.

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION

When the device is placed on an inclined plane under gravity, the pendulum 46 stands perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Rotate the inner hemispherical shell 4 about an axis called the dynamic axis X and the intermediate spherical shell around an axis called the dynamic axis Y. Rotate the shell-shaped lid 2 as well, its axis being the dynamic axis Z. The position of the perpendicular dynamic axes X, Y and Z with respect to the pendulum axis of the respective rocks or cover schemes, the coordinates of the inclined plane are taken into account.

When the device is placed on an inclined plane under gravity, the pendulum 46 stands perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The direction of inclination is determined by the compass 6. The ball 5 is rotated about an axis representing one dynamic axis (eg Y). The other dynamic axis is the axis of the shell cover 2 (eg Z axis). After passing the transient, the pendulum 46 becomes stationary. In the direction determined by the compass 6 from the corresponding scales or diagrams on the cover 2, the angular positioning of the inclined plane relative to the horizontal plane is taken into account.

The accuracy of the device is high and depends mainly on the friction of the rotation of the inner hemispherical shell 4 and the intermediate spherical shell 5, and its serviceability is determined by the coincidence of the transverse scale scales and the longitudinal scale scales on the cover 2, the inner hemispherical shell, 5.

Claims (1)

Claims 1. An instrument simultaneously counting the three coordinates in space, consisting of a base with a hemispherical element, rocks and a pendulum mounted thereto, characterized in that the hemispherical element shell (4) has an integral circular convex portion fixed by its inner lower part a surface to a channel (44) having two openings (441, 44 D) diametrically located at the base and the center of gravity of the inner hemispherical shell (4) adjacent to its lower inner surface and defined by the pendulum (46), connected to it by a rod (442) passing through the channel in a circular convex section, one end fixedly fixed to an opening (461) of the pendulum (46) and the other end fixed fixedly to an opening at the upper end of the inner hemispherical shell (4), at which the outer surface of an inner hemispherical shell (4) is plotted with a transverse scale (41) and a longitudinal scale (42) or diagrams with the beginning of the reading point (43) diametrically opposite to the pendulum (46), which pendulum (46) and the inner hemispherical shell ( 4) are located in an intermediate spherical shell (5) composed of two n oluspheric elements (5 ', 5) connected to each other and to the inner hemispherical shell (4) by means of an axis (45) or by positioning pins, the axis (45) passing through the groove (44) and through nozzles (451, 45 D) or positioning pins freely bearing in diametrically opposed openings (51, 5 D) of the intermediate spherical shell (5), the center of gravity of which is adjacent to its lower inner surface and a transverse scale scale (53, 53) is applied to its outer surface. ') and longitudinal scale or charts starting point counting (52, 52'), diametrically opposed bores (51, 5D), wherein the intermediate spherical shell (5) is mounted and freely camped in the shell holder (3) on the base by means of D-shaped positioning pins (54, 54 '), one end (541, 54D) of which are located in the diametrical openings (51, 5 D) of the intermediate spherical shell (5) and their axis is perpendicular to the axis of its openings (51, 5 D) and the shell retainer (3) has an inner surface (31), at least in part spherical, and a shell-shaped lid (2) is fixed therein so that its axis of rotation is perpendicular to the axes of the openings (51, 51 ') of the intermediate and a spherical shell (5), and a transverse 5 scale scale (21), a longitudinal scale scale and a scale for reading angles or diagrams beginning with the intersection of the intersection of the vertical axis of the lid (2) are plotted on the outer surface of the lid (2). ) with its outer surface, wherein the base (1) with the compass (6) mounted therein has a central opening for inserting the lid (2) and restraining lines (34) are formed at its upper surface at different angles, which are lines extended by the lid lines (2), such as transverse scale scales and longitudinal scale scale scales ka (2), the intermediate spherical shell (5) and the inner hemispherical shell (4) are mutually compatible.