BG2589U1 - Device for thermoreactive plastic material preforms - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for preparation of preforms of thermo-reactive plastic materials for the manufacturing of finished household articles. The device consists of a hopper (4) which on one side is connected to a dispenser (5) whose front part ends with an opening (6), and a movable piston (1) with a piston rod (12) is mounted on the other side in the hopper (4). On the top side of the hopper body (9) there is a fixed loading hatch (3) of thermoreactive plastic materials that have a layer-fiber structure. The body (9) of the hopper (4) has a rectangular cross section with rounded corners, as the inner contact surfaces of the hopper body (9), the piston (1) and the piston rod (12) and the dispenser (5) are coated with a dense layer (2) of nanocomposite material obtained from titanium compounds, and the resulting blanks have a solid structure with a preserved length and orientation of the fibers of the material. Furthermore, due to the presence of a dense layer (2) of nanocomposite material, the wear resistance of the inner walls of the device is reduced. In one of the versions, the dispenser (5) is in the form of a truncated quadrangular pyramid, wherein the dispenser outlet (6) is rectangular (7), and in another version the dispenser (5) is in the form of an irregular six-sided truncated pyramid, wherein the outlet (6) of the dispenser (5) is a U-shaped opening (8). 3 Claims, 4 Figures

Description

Field of technology

The utility model refers to a device for obtaining blanks from thermosetting plastic materials, for the manufacture of finished products intended for household use.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Thermosetting plastics in the form of raw material soften on heating and harden on cooling, but due to chemical reactions between their components, with or without thermal action, after processing by pressing or injection molding they acquire a final solid thermostable state.

Thermosetting plastics are produced in the form of a homogeneous plasticine-like mass. The formation of the blanks requires the presence of two components - resin and hardener.

Thermosetting materials are processed by injection and pressing, which provides freedom in shaping the design of the finished products, as well as a full range of properties, colors, coatings and variety of products.

A device for injecting thermoplastic or thermosetting materials is known from patent application FR 2621525 (A 1) by means of an industrial press, where a processor is connected to a module, allowing determination of the parameters of the press operation and automatic regulation. The device contains a hatch mounted to a cylinder in which there is an auger and a nozzle for injecting synthetic materials.

It is known from patent EP 0640459 A1, an injection device for processing thermoplastic, thermosetting, elastomers and silicone plastics, which consists of a plastic forming unit with a heater, a cylinder with an auger, then a hydraulic piston, and in front of the cylinder a nozzle terminating at the front with a dosing hole by injecting the resulting preform. The device has a drive unit, a connector and a control device.

A device for dosing and forming blanks of thermosetting plastic materials by extruding these materials is known in the art. The device consists of a hopper with a hatch for feeding the material, which has a layered-fibrous structure, as on one side of the hopper is mounted a piston with a piston rod, and on the other side there is a dispenser, which is conical in shape. In the front part the dispenser ends with an opening to which there is a cylindrical nozzle for extrusion of the blanks. A hatch is mounted in an opening located in the upper part of the hopper, for the supply material to the cylinder, in which a piston located in the rear part of the hopper is mounted. The opening of the dispenser has a circular cross-section and is the calibration device for forming the workpieces, such as pipes and profiles with a circular cross-section.

With this device, due to the high pressure from the piston, as well as the friction of the thermosetting plastics in the inner walls of the dispenser and the narrowing neck of the dispenser outlet when the material exits through the dispenser nozzle, significant breakage or tearing of the glass fibers occurs. This also leads to a change in the direction of the glass fibers present in the material and hence breakage and change in the direction of the fibers, which significantly weakens the strength of the manufactured product. The dosing material is then formed by a worker into a spherical shape and placed in the mold, which presses it, forms the final product and bakes it, which creates certain inconveniences and difficulties.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the utility model is to create a device for forming blanks of thermosetting plastic materials for the production of extruded components from them, which are to be formed as close as possible to the finished product, without tearing and breaking the glass fibers in the material and which are more -high mechanical and strength characteristics, with lower cost of renewable raw materials and the use of a new form of dispenser.

Device for obtaining blanks of thermosetting plastic materials, consisting of a hopper, which on the one hand is connected to a dispenser, the front of which ends with an opening, and on the other hand in the hopper is

2589 UI mounted movable piston, with piston rod. On the upper side of the hopper body there is a fixed hatch for loading thermosetting plastic materials, which have a layered-fibrous structure. The dispenser is movably connected to the front wall of the hopper by screw connections. The body of the hopper has a rectangular cross section, with rounded corners. The inner contact surfaces of the hopper housing, the piston and the piston rod and the dispenser are coated with a dense layer of nanocomposite material obtained from titanium compounds. This dense layer contributes to reducing the wear resistance of the inner surfaces of the device, as well as easier sliding of the material in it. In addition, in the presence of this dense layer, the obtained blanks have a dense structure, with preserved length and orientation of the fibers of the material.

In one of the embodiments, the dispenser is in the form of a truncated four-walled pyramid, wherein the dispenser opening is a rectangular opening.

In a second embodiment, the dispenser is in the shape of an irregular hexagonal truncated pyramid, wherein the dispenser opening is a U-shaped opening.

The advantages of the utility model are:

• Reduced breakage of the glass fibers due to the reduced friction of the material in the contact surfaces of the device, in the presence of a layer of nanocomposite material.

• Reduced breakage of the glass fibers during the subsequent pressing due to the most close shapes of the dosing material and the material formed by the device with that of the finished product.

• Preservation of the direction of the glass fibers in the way they are in thermosetting plastic materials, due to the improved geometry of the dispenser and the reduced friction due to the layer of nanocomposite material.

• Reduction of the wear resistance of the device due to the easy sliding of the material due to the layer of nanocomposite material.

In addition, there are the following effects when using the device:

• Increasing the strength of the produced components from thermosetting plastic materials by up to 30%;

• Reduction of the amount of fiberglass in thermosetting plastic materials by up to 20% while maintaining its mechanical properties.

• Possibility to reduce the mass and thickness of the products made of thermosetting plastic materials at the expense of the obtained increased strength, ie. lightening and cheapening of the final product.

• Possibility for increased recycling of waste from the production and processing of thermosetting plastics by grinding and adding it as a filler in thermosetting plastics due to the increased strength of the preserved length and orientation of the glass fibers.

• Reduction of electricity costs due to reduced friction of the material in surfaces with a layer of nanocomposite material, etc.

• Use of renewable raw materials.

Explanation of the attached figures

The utility model is illustrated by the attached figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section along the axis of the device;

Figure 2 is a front view of the nozzle with a rectangular orifice;

Figure 3 is a front view of the nozzle with a U-shaped hole in the hole;

figure 4 - cross section through the hopper and the piston.

Exemplary implementation of the utility model

Device for obtaining blanks of thermosetting plastic materials, consisting of a hopper 4, which on the one hand is connected to a dispenser 5, on the front of which ends with a hole 6, and on the other hand in the hopper 4 is mounted a movable piston 1, with piston rod 12. On the upper side in the housing 9 of the hopper 4 there is a hatch for loading 3 of thermosetting plastic materials, which have a layered fiber structure. The dispenser 5 is movably connected to the front wall 11 of the hopper 4 by screw connections 10. The housing 9 of the hopper 4 has a rectangular cross section, with rounded corners. The inner contact surfaces of the housing 9 of the hopper 4, the piston 1 and the piston

The 2589 UI rod 12 and the dispenser 5 are coated with a thick layer 2 of nanocomposite material derived from titanium compounds. In the presence of this dense layer 2, the obtained blanks have a dense structure, with preserved length and orientation of the fibers of the material.

In one of the embodiments, the dispenser 5 is in the form of a truncated four-walled pyramid, wherein the opening of the dispenser 6 is a rectangular opening 7.

In a second embodiment, the dispenser 5 is in the shape of an irregular hexagonal truncated pyramid, the opening of the dispenser 5 being a U-shaped opening 8.

Claims (3)

Claims Device for obtaining blanks of thermosetting plastic materials, consisting of a hopper (4), which on one side is connected to a dispenser (5), the front part of which ends with an opening (6), and on the other side in the hopper (4) a movable piston (1) is mounted with a piston rod (12), and on the upper side in the housing (9) of the hopper (4) a loading hatch (3) of the thermosetting plastic materials is fixedly mounted, and the dispenser (5 ) is movably connected to the front wall (11) of the hopper (4) by screw connections (10), characterized in that the housing (9) of the hopper (4) has a rectangular cross section, with rounded corners, as the inner contact surfaces of the housing (9) of the hopper (4), of the piston (1) and of the piston rod (12) and of the dispenser (5) are covered with a thick layer (2) of nanocomposite material. Device for obtaining blanks from thermosetting plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispenser (5) is in the form of a truncated four-walled pyramid, wherein the opening (6) of the dispenser is a rectangular opening (7). Device for obtaining blanks from thermosetting plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispenser (5) has the shape of an irregular hexagonal truncated pyramid, wherein the opening (6) of the dispenser is a U-shaped opening (8) .