BG2466U1 - A self carrying three dimensional preloaded consturction and a device for its build - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a self-carrying three dimensional preloaded construction and a unit for its build, which find use in construction when erecting apartment or other buildings. The construction is made up of pliable spatially vertical shape-forming rod-like elements (1), which are under pressure during the build of the construction, and of pliable rod-like horizontal elements (2), each of which forms an enclosed contour. The horizontal elements (2), which are also under pressure during the build of the construction, are welded or clasped in a different manner immovably to the vertical shape-forming rod-like elements (1). The construction, instead of using horizontal circle elements (2), can use and/or a spiral element, also pressured during the build of the construction, which is solidly attached with the pliable spatially vertical shape-forming elements (1).

Description

Field of application

The utility model refers to a self-supporting volumetric prestressed structure and a device for its construction, which will find application in construction in the construction of residential and non-residential buildings and in particular in the construction of halls, halls, greenhouses, temples, swimming pools and other similar volumetric construction sites. .

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known from practice is a self-supporting three-dimensional structure made of a balloon sprayed from its inner part with polyurethane foam and reinforced with alternating and connected in series with each other elements.

When implementing this self-supporting volumetric structure, a site is pre-selected on which the structure will be built, after which its base is built and leveled. On the site thus constructed, symmetrically with respect to a predetermined geometric center, a part of an inflatable balloon with the desired shape and size is tightly and hermetically sealed. Compressed air is then supplied between the site and the balloon, which is inflated and assumes the pre-selected desired shape. Then the balloon is sprayed from the inside with polyurethane foam. After the foam has hardened, reinforcement is performed by fixing the reinforcement. The structure thus obtained can, if necessary, be sprayed with concrete under pressure.

This design uses a balloon or part of it, which is expensive and in most cases disposable. Also, only concrete structures can be made by this method.

Technical essence of the utility model

The task of the utility model is to create a self-supporting volumetric tensile structure with increased strength and durability and reduced material consumption.

The task of the utility model is to create a device for building the self-supporting volumetric prestressed structure.

U1

This problem is solved by a self-supporting volumetric tension structure, consisting of alternating and connected in series with each other elements forming a volumetric body or part of it.

According to the utility model, the self-supporting volumetric tensile structure is composed of flexible spatially vertical forming rod elements stressed during the construction of the structure and of flexible, horizontally and / or spirally arranged rod elements also stressed during the construction, each of which forms a closed loop. . The closed contours are fixedly attached to the vertical forming rod elements.

The flexible rod-shaped elements - the vertical ones and the ones that make up the closed contours, are made of metal.

The device for constructing the self-supporting volumetric tension structure consists of a plurality of symmetrically and radially arranged telescopic arms, each of which is hinged to a circle located in the center of the device. A guide covering the respective vertical bar member is mounted at the tops of each telescopic arm.

According to one variant embodiment, the guide is two parallel plates fixed to the telescopic arm, in which rollers are arranged in series between the two plates. The size of the hole formed between the two rollers is at least equal to the thickness of the vertical rod-shaped element gripped between them.

The self-supporting volumetric tensile structure constructed in this way is covered with a net, which is then plastered and covered with a suitable construction material such as cement, clay, terracotta.

The advantages of the utility model are expressed in the increased speed of construction of the structure itself, its reduced material consumption and cost, as well as the ability to make structures of various shapes.

Another main advantage of the self-supporting tensioned volumetric structure is its increased strength and strength.

Explanation of the attached figures

An exemplary embodiment of the utility model is shown in the attached figures, where:

Figure 1 is an axonometric view of a self-supporting volumetric stress structure in the shape of a hemisphere;

figure 2 - device for construction of the self-supporting volumetric structure;

Figure 3 is an axonometric view of a gripping element of the construction device;

Figure 4 - start of construction of the self-supporting volumetric tension structure;

Figure 5 is a curved vertical bar element attached to a telescopic arm of the device;

Figure 6 is a curved vertical bar member mounted in a gripping member;

Figure 7 and Figure 8 show successive stages of construction of the self-supporting volumetric stress structure;

Figure 9 - constructed and covered self-supporting volumetric tension structure.

Exemplary implementation of the utility model

An exemplary embodiment of a constructed self-supporting volumetric stress structure is shown in Figure 1. In this case, the shown self-supporting volumetric stress structure is in the shape of a hemisphere. The structure is made up of flexible vertical rod-shaped elements 1, which are stressed during the construction of the structure, and of flexible horizontal elements 2, each of which forms a closed loop in the form of a circle. The horizontal elements 2, which are also tensioned during the construction of the structure, are welded or otherwise fixed to the vertical forming rod-shaped elements 1.

The closed circular contours are parallel to each other. 40

In FIG. 1 with position 3 is indicated the device, with the help of which the construction of the self-supporting volumetric tension structure is carried out.

The structure, instead of the horizontal circular elements 2, can also be made of / 45 or spiral elements, also stressed during the construction of the structure, not shown in the attached figures, which are firmly attached to the flexible spatially vertical forming elements 1.

The device 3 for constructing the self-contained 2466 U1 volumetric tensile structure and for carrying out the method consists of a plurality of symmetrically and radially arranged telescopic arms 4 movably connected to a $ circle 5 located in the center of the device

- fig. 2. A gripping element 6 is mounted in the tops of each telescopic arm 4 - fig. 3. In this case, the gripping element 6 represents the IQ of two parallel plates 7 fixed to the telescopic arm 4, the rollers 8 being arranged successively between the two plates 7, the size of the opening formed between the two rollers 8 being at least equal to the thickness of 15 grips between them vertical rod-shaped element 1.

When using telescopic arms4 with variable length, three-dimensional tensile structures of different shapes can be constructed and created.

The method for construction of the self-supporting volumetric stress structure, which also explains the principle of operation of the device, consists of the following operations performed in the specified sequence:

1. Select a site and geometric center of the structure. If the structure is part of a sphere, for example a hemisphere, the radius of the structure (of the hemisphere) is also chosen - fig. 4.

2. The site under the selected geometric center is leveled and a foundation is built.

3. The material from which the skeleton of the structure will be built is selected and prepared. These are usually flexible rod elements 1 made of metal or other flexible material, for example wood, plastic, composite with rod or tube profile.

4. Select a raster of the structure - number of vertical and horizontal elements of the future hemispherical (or more complex shape) structure. The thickness of the material and the grid are chosen according to the future function of the structure and the type of material.

5. The device 3 for construction of the self-supporting volumetric tension structure is placed and fixed on the site.

The number of telescopic arms 4 of the structure corresponds to the number of vertical bar elements 1 of the future structure. When building a hemisphere, the length

2466 UI of the telescopic arms 4 is a constant equal to the radius of the structure, while in the construction of more complex shapes, the length of each telescopic arm 4 may vary at each stage of construction to achieve the desired complex three-dimensional shape.

6. On the periphery of the future structure the vertical rod-shaped elements 1 are evenly distributed, which are established in the gripping elements 6 of the telescopic arms 4. The vertical rod-shaped elements 1 for greater stability can be fixed in pre-prepared sockets established under the gripping elements 6. For example, pieces of metal pipe with an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the selected material, driven into the ground, can be used for nests. In case a concrete foundation is built under the contour of the future structure, the vertical flexible elements can also be pre-attached to the concrete.

7. Following is a vertical movement of the gripping elements 6 of the telescopic arms 4 along their respective vertical rod-shaped elements 1 - fig. 5 and FIG. 6. The vertical movement of each gripping element 6 along the respective flexible rod element 1 strains it and causes it to describe a part of a circle.

The vertical movement of the gripping elements 6 along the vertical rod elements 6 can be sequential or can be carried out simultaneously.

8. Around the bent vertical rod-shaped elements 1 a horizontal circular element 2 is mounted and fixed.

9. Vertical movement of each telescopic arm 4 (with a certain step, according to the selected raster) alternates with placement of a horizontal flexible rod-shaped element 2 (a circle when building a hemisphere or a more complex closed contour when building a more complex shape) - FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. The horizontal flexible rod elements 2 are fixedly attached to each flexible rod vertical element 1 by means of fastening elements or welding. After fixing each horizontal element 2, it fixes all vertical elements 1 and equalizes their stresses.

10. After construction of the whole structure, the device 3 is in the configuration "all arms in a vertical bundle" - fig. 1. At this moment, the resulting volumetric structure is completely self-supporting and all forces / vectors acting on its individual structural elements are neutralized. In this position the device 3 can be removed from the structure and is ready for subsequent use.

11. If the assignment requires cutting holes in the structure (doors, windows, etc.), first make frames with the required size and strength, fasten in the places designated for holes, the boundary parts of the structure are connected / welded evenly to the frames and only then resort to cutting the excess parts of the structure enclosed in these frames. Any cutting of unframed parts of the tensioned structure would lead to a sudden release of the stresses enclosed in it, with catastrophic consequences.

12. The construction constructed in this way can be covered with waterproof or other material, it can be concreted and used for construction of halls, halls, dwellings, greenhouses, temples, pools and other constructions - fig.9.

Claims (4)

Claims Self-supporting three-dimensional prestressed structure, consisting of alternating and connected in series elements forming a three-dimensional body or part thereof, characterized in that the self-supporting three-dimensional prestressed structure is composed of flexible spatially vertical forming rod-shaped elements (1), tensioned during the construction of the structure, and of flexible, horizontal and / or spiral-forming rod elements (2), also tensioned during the construction of the structure, each of which forms a closed loop fixed to the vertical forming rod-shaped elements (1). Self-supporting bulk prestressed structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the flexible vertical bar elements (1) and the flexible horizontal (2) and / or spiral rod elements are made of metal. Device for constructing a self-supporting volumetric tension structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a plurality of symmetrically and radially arranged telescopic arms (4), each of which is hinged to a circle (5) located in the center of the device, a guide (6) being mounted in the tops of each telescopic arm (4), to cover the respective vertical rod-shaped element. Device for constructing a self-supporting volumetric prestressed structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide 2466 III represents two parallel plates (7) fixed to the telescopic arm (4), in which rollers (8) are successively arranged between the two plates (7), the size of the opening ³ formed between the two rollers (8), is at least equal to the thickness of the vertical bar member (1) interposed between them.