BG113483A - Single-phase power switch for step voltage regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The load-bearing structure of the power switch is composed of an isolator cylinder (1), a metal disk (2) and an isolator disk (3). There is a drive shaft (4) positioned in the middle. Two metal supports (5, 6) are mounted side by side to one of the sides of the isolator disc (3), and one odd-numbered vacuum arc-damping chamber (V1) and one even-numbered vacuum arc-damping chamber (V2) are secured to said supports. Opposite to these supports there is another support (29) which is mounted on the isolator disc (3) and carries an auxiliary vacuum arc-damping chamber (Vc). Mounted on the supports (5, 6) are movable contact systems of fast-action disconnectors, wherein said contact systems are identical but are positioned in mirror symmetry. Each one consists of a special bolt with a neck (7) and a sleeve (8) with an arm (9) resting on a bolt bearing. Mounted on the arm are contact lamellas (10) which come in contact with fixed contact elements (19, 20) mounted on the isolator cylinder (1). A fork (13) is actuated by a roller (17) mounted on the arm (15) of a hub (14) gripped to the drive shaft (4). Mounted on the support (29) is a switching contact system which is actuated at the end of the switching cycle by an isolated arm (39) with a roller (38) forming part of a free-play clutch (40). Under the three vacuum arc-damping chambers there are known mechanisms for opening and closing the chambers, however said mechanisms are modified such that installation and adjustment can be performed easily through rectangular holes (55) made in the cylinder (1).

Description

SINGLE PHASE POWER SWITCH FOR STEP VOLTAGE REGULATOR

FIELD OF ENGINEERING

The invention relates to a single-phase power switch with vacuum arc extinguishing chambers. Three such power switches for the three phases are installed floorwise in column-type step voltage regulators. This means that the three power switches are housed in a common vertical oil pan. Such step regulators can be used both in connection in star center and in connection in delta with isolated phases.

PRIOR ART

A single-phase step voltage regulator power switch (1) containing two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers and one auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber with a series-connected resistor is known. The two main vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers and the auxiliary vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber located between them are fixed by metal supports to an insulating disc. They are established vertically, with their movable contact elements below and connected to opening and closing mechanisms mounted on a metal disc. The upper insulating disc and the lower metal disc are housed in an insulating cylinder. A drive shaft is mounted in the middle of the cylinder to the two disks. To the metal support of each main vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is mounted a contact system connected in series with a quick-acting disconnector controlled by a roller arm mounted on a drive shaft. A contact system is located above the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, which connects the carrier of the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber with the carrier of one of the two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers through the resistor. The mechanisms for switching on the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers are controlled by a disk cam mounted on the drive shaft. Vacuum arc extinguishing chambers

1/7 and their mechanisms occupy one half of the volume of the insulating cylinder. Resistors are mounted in the other half.

A disadvantage of this single-phase power switch is that it has a large diameter, and if applied to a step-up regulator with staggered phases, it would result in a bulky and heavy step-up regulator that would not be competitively capable. Another disadvantage is that the mechanisms above the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber are very complicated.

Another single-phase stepper voltage regulator power switch (2) is known, which is of smaller diameter and can be used in a stepper regulator of the so-called column type. It also has two main vacuum arc chambers and one auxiliary vacuum arc chamber located between them. They are attached to one half of an insulating disk by means of metal supports. The quick-acting disconnectors of the main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers are rotated about 180°, so the contact systems are complicated and contain flexible copper braids. A known freewheel coupler is used to switch the resistor from one main vacuum arcing chamber to the other. Under the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers, mechanisms for opening and closing them in a certain sequence are mounted to a metal disc. These mechanisms are actuated by a cam mounted to a centrally located vertical shaft. The metal disc and the insulating disc are connected in a supporting structure by insulating studs. The three single-phase power switches are connected in a common column by two halves of a cut insulating cylinder. A floor-even ring, odd-numbered ring, and shunt ring are installed around each phase. The resistors are located in the void opposite the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers. They have a complex construction, the manufacture of which requires special technology. The drive shaft makes a large angular rotation in one shift (eg 150°), while the spring energy accumulator makes a smaller rotation (eg 90°). Therefore, an intermediate gear is required.

A disadvantage of this single-phase power switch is that the contact system of the main arc extinguishing chambers is complicated and takes up a lot of space. The flexible copper braid connections loosen and could break with a large number of switches. Another disadvantage is that an intermediate gear is required, making the construction complex. A disadvantage is that the installation is difficult. When cutting the insulating cylinder, the two halves are deformed from the inner ones

2/7 stresses and the column becomes unstable. Also a disadvantage is that the resistors are of complex construction.

TECHNICAL ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to create a single-phase power switch having a self-contained structure mounted in a stable uncut insulating cylinder. The contact systems should be simplified and without flexible connections. The angle of rotation of the drive shaft matches the angle of the drive shaft of the spring energy accumulator, therefore no intermediate gear is required. The three-phase column is stable and easy to install by means of intermediate insulating cylinders. Resistors to be from compact packages with proven reliability.

The task is solved with a single-phase step voltage regulator power switch, containing two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers and one auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, attached by metal supports to an insulating disk. Above the supports of the main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers there are contact systems connected to quick-acting disconnectors. Above the support of the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is a switching contact system. Beneath the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers are on and off mechanisms mounted on a metal disc and controlled by a cam disc attached to a centrally located drive shaft.

According to the invention, the power switch is a complete assembly unit with a supporting structure composed of a whole insulating cylinder with a metal disc base and an insulating disc mounted on its top. An odd-numbered main vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and an even-numbered main vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are located side by side by means of metal supports on one side of the insulating disc. Opposite them, an auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is mounted on the insulating disk by means of a similar metal carrier. Each of the two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers is attached to the metal carrier mounted on an insulating disc by a special axle bolt. A current-carrying sleeve with a shoulder is mounted on it, on which current-carrying lamellae are established. These lamellae are alternatively connected to fixed contact elements mounted on the insulating cylinder. A fork is attached to the upper face of the sleeve, which interacts with a drive pulley mounted on a drive arm connected to a centrally located drive shaft. On the corresponding metal

3/7 carrier of the main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers, an additional carrier is attached with current-carrying lamellae fixed to it, which contact the cylindrically shaped lower part of the sleeve. The contact systems of the two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers are located parallel and mirrored to each other. There are two roller arms on the drive shaft centrally located and bearing against the metal disk and the insulating disk. One roller interacts with a fork connected to the contact body of one vacuum arc extinguishing chamber and closes its contact system at the beginning of the 90° rotation of the drive shaft. The other roller opens the contact system of the other vacuum arc extinguishing chamber at the end of the rotation.

On the metal carrier of the auxiliary vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a switching contact system consisting of a three-armed contact body mounted on an insulating sleeve to the bolt connecting the metal carrier to the vacuum chamber is mounted. The contact body interacts with contact plates attached to columns mounted on the insulating disc and a contact arc attached via an L-shaped insulating carrier to the contact carrier. The three-arm contact body is rotated through a certain angle by a roller located at the end of an arm connected to a free-wheel clutch actuated at the switching end.

Underneath each vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is a mechanism that opens and closes their contacts. It consists of an L-shaped lever, which has a bearing on its upper end, and on its horizontal part - oblong holes connected by two rolling bearings fixed on a horizontal axis. The isolation cylinder has openings opposite these mechanisms. Through them, easy installation and adjustments of the contact solution are carried out by means of a connecting bolt with a right and left thread. The resistors are located in the space between the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers.

An advantage of the single-phase power switch according to the invention is that it is a stable stand-alone assembly unit. This makes it possible to easily install a three-phase column by means of intermediate insulating cylinders according to the different requirements of the standard voltages. It is also an advantage that the angle of rotation in one shift matches that of the spring energy accumulator and no intermediate gear is required. Another advantage is that the mechanisms actuating the contact systems are simplified and do not have flexible connections. Easy installation of the mechanisms opening and closing the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers is provided. The resistors are from two cylindrical packages with proven reliability.

4/7

EXPLANATION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURES

An exemplary embodiment of the single-phase power switch for a step voltage regulator according to the invention is shown in the attached figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section (A-A) through one of the main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers and the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber.

Figure 2 - longitudinal section (B-B) through the contact system of the main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers.

Figure 3 - top view of the contact systems of the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers.

Figure 4 - cross section (D-D) above the actuators of the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers.

EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The single-phase power switch is formed as a complete assembly unit with a supporting structure consisting of an insulating cylinder 1, a metal disk 2 and an insulating disk 3. In the middle of the power switch to disk 2 and disk 3 is a bearing drive shaft 4. Through a metal carrier 5 to the insulating disk 3, an odd-numbered main vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber _Vb is mounted, and an even-numbered main vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber Ug is mounted next to it through a metal support 6. The two vacuum chambers V] and V2 are connected to the metal carriers 5 and 6 by means of special bolts with an axis 7, on which a current-carrying sleeve 8 with an arm 9 is mounted. On the arm 9, two contact lamellae 10 with contact springs 11 and a bearing 12 of the end. A fork 13 is attached to the upper face of the sleeve 8. A hub 14 is mounted on the upper end of the shaft 4 with two arms 15 and 16 with rollers 17 and 18 isolated from it and located opposite to it.

The contact systems of the two main vacuum chambers Vi and V2 are identical, parallel and mirror-image to each other. An even fixed contact element 19 and an odd fixed contact element 20 are oppositely mounted on the upper end of the insulating cylinder. The even contact element 19 is connected to an even contact ring 21, and the odd contact element 20 to a contact ring 22 located at a lower level . A current-carrying contact ring 23 is connected to the metal disc 2. A vertical contact ring 23 is attached to each of the metal supports 5 and 6 of the two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers Vi and V2 by means of a bolt 24

5/7 contact carrier 25, with which two contact lamellae 26 with contact springs 27 contact. The two contact lamellae 26 also contact a cylindrical part 28 formed on the lower end of the current-carrying sleeve 8.

Via a metal carrier 29 located diametrically opposite the carriers 5 and 6 of the two main vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers V> and V2, an auxiliary vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber Vc is attached. A switching contact system consisting of movable and fixed contact elements is mounted on the carrier 29. On an isolated axis 30 located along the axis of the vacuum chamber Vc is mounted a three-arm carrier 31, which carries contact plates 32. These contact plates alternately contact two fixed contact elements 33, fastened respectively to an odd-numbered vertical metal column 34 and an even-numbered metal column 35, mounted to the insulating disc 3. At the same time, they contact a contact arc 36 attached by means of an L-shaped insulating element 37 to the metal carrier 29. On the inner arm of the three-armed carrier 31 there is a channel into which a drive roller 38 enters, attached to an insulated arm 39 of a known coupling 40 with free movement.

The actuators for opening and closing the three vacuum arc extinguishing chambers Vi, V2 and Vc are identical in construction. An L-shaped lever 42 is mounted to the metal disk 2 of the carriers 41, on the vertical neck 43 of which a bearing 44 is mounted. The horizontal arm 45 of the lever 41 is connected to two bearings 46 mounted via an axis 47 to a vertical plate 48. This plate is connected at its upper end with bolt 49, which has a right and left thread on both sides. The right-hand thread is wound to the thread of the movable terminal 50 of the corresponding vacuum arc extinguishing chamber. The thread is countered with a nut that presses a current carrying element 51 to the terminal 50. To the element 51 is attached some copper braid, not shown, which connects it to the metal disc 2. The plate 48 is connected to the left thread of a bolt 49 and has a cylindrical pin 52, which is guided in an opening of a cup 53 screwed to disk 2. Inside the cup 53 there is a contact spring 54.

Against each of the mechanisms of the three vacuum arc extinguishing chambers of the insulating cylinder 1, rectangular openings 55 are made, through which easy installation and adjustment of the contact solution of the vacuum chambers is carried out.

A command cam 56 is mounted on shaft 4, isolated from it. On one side, cam 56 commands the two main vacuum chambers Vi and V2, and on the other side, the auxiliary vacuum chamber Vc. This

6/7 split allows finer tuning of the shift sequence. A buffer 57 is mounted below shaft 4.

In the empty space between the main vacuum chambers Vi and V2 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber Vc are located two sets of resistors R, which are known and of proven operational reliability. On the lower side, the resistors are connected in series, and on the upper side, two wires come out, which are connected between the carrier 29 and the contact arc 36. Carrier 5 and column 34, respectively, carrier 6 and column 35 are also connected with wires.

Above and below the insulating cylinder 1 are openings 58 through which an intermediate insulating cylinder is connected.

The operation of a single-phase power switch is as follows. In the position shown in the figures, the current flows through the even vacuum chamber V2. Resistors R are connected in parallel to this vacuum chamber. The spring energy accumulator, not shown, rotates the jump shaft 4 at a certain angle, which in this case is 90°. The direction is clockwise. At the beginning of the rotation, the roller 17 engages the contact plates 10 to a stationary contact element 20. The sequence of operation of the vacuum chambers is as follows. Vc turns on - V2 turns off - Vi turns on - Vc turns off. At the end of the rotation, the contact system fixed contact 10 and contact lamellas 10 is opened and the required isolation distance is provided. The switching system includes resistors R in parallel with Vi. Reverse switching takes place in reverse order.

Claims (4)

1/2 1. 'A single-phase power switch for a step-down voltage regulator of the column type, containing two main vacuum arc-sealing chambers and one auxiliary vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber fastened by means of supports to an insulating disk, above the supports of the main vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers there is a contact system connected to a quick-acting disconnector, above the support of the auxiliary vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber has a switching contact system and below the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers there are cut-off and on-off mechanisms mounted on a metal disk and controlled by a cam disk attached to a centrally located drive shaft, characterized in that the power switch is a complete assembly unit with a supporting structure consisting of an insulating cylinder (1), a metal disk (2) shaped as a bottom and an insulating disk (3), on one side of which, by side-by-side odd metal support (5) and even metal support (6) are an odd main vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (Vi) and an even main vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (V2) are fixed respectively, and on the opposite side of the insulating disk (3) a metal support (20) of an auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (Vc) is fixed, on each of the main arc extinguishing chambers (Vi and V ₂ ) are installed identical parallel and mirrored contact systems consisting of a special bolt with an axis (7) on which a current-carrying sleeve (8) with a shoulder (9) with current-carrying lamellae (10) installed on it is mounted ) connected alternately with fixed contact elements (19, 20) mounted on the insulating cylinder (1), on the upper face of the sleeve (8) a fork (13) is fixed, which interacts with a drive roller (17) on an arm (15) for driving of the contact system of the odd vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (Vi), respectively - with a drive roller (18) on an opposite arm (16) for driving the contact system of the even vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (V2), the two arms (15 and 16) being clamped to a hub (14) fixed to the top of a centrally located drive shaft (4), and on the corresponding metal support (5, 6) is mounted by a bolt (24) a vertical support (25) with two lamellae (26) with contact springs (27) which also contact a cylindrical part (28) formed on the lower end of the sleeve (8), and on the carrier (29) of the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (Vc) a switching contact system is mounted which provides resistors (R) to are included in parallel with the closed main vacuum arc extinguishing chamber. 2. A single-phase power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier-mounted (29) switching contact system is composed of a three-arm carrier (31) bearing on an insulated axis (30) located in the middle of the carrier (29), on two of the arms of the carrier (31), contact plates (32) are established, which are in constant contact with a contact arc (36), attached to a shaped insulating element (37) mounted on the carrier (29), and contact alternately with two fixed contact plates (33) located respectively on an odd metal column (34) and on an even metal column (35), and the third arm has a longitudinal channel into which enters a roller (38) fastened to an insulated arm (39) by a freewheel coupling (40) ). 3. A single-phase power switch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mechanisms for opening and closing the contacts of the three vacuum arc extinguishing chambers (Vi, V2 and Vc) are the same and consist of a carrier-mounted (41) D- a shaped lever (42) with a bearing (44) and a horizontal arm (45) with oblong holes, into which two bearings (46) attached by an axis (47) to a plate (48) enter, and opposite each mechanism there is a rectangular hole through which it is easy to assemble the bearings (46) with the axis (47) and the plate (48), and the adjustment of the contact solution of the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers (Vi, V2 and Vc) is ensured by a special bolt (49) with right and left thread. 4. A single-phase power switch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the empty spaces between the main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers (Vi and V2) and the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (Vc) there are two sets of resistors (R), which are connected in series in their lower part and have two output wires in their upper part that pass over the insulating disk (3) and are connected between the contact arc (36) and the carrier (29) of the auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (Vc), and by wires carrier (5) with column (34) and carrier (6) with column (35) are connected.