BG112799A - Supercharging two-stroke internal combustion engine operating without adding oil to the fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The two-stroke engine with internal combustion and supercharging, without added oil to the fuel, operating without added oil, is an invention which relates in particular to a two-stroke internal combustion engine applicable to the production of portable appliances and machines in the motorcycle, water, automotive industry, etc. The two-stroke engine and the mandatory added oil in the fuel mixture, intended for lubrication of the crank mechanism and the piston-cylinder group, subsequently burns along with the fuel, and leads to a high degree of pollution of the exhaust gases. This is a problem which is solved by the invention with the lubrication system in the crankcase for lubrication of the crank mechanism and the piston-cylinder group. The rotary valve placed on the engine outlet provides the possibility of supercharging from the separately located injection system for compressed air connected by means of a discharge port to the plate or screw compressor.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Area

The invention relates to a two-stroke internal combustion engine and supercharging and without added oil in the fuel, operating without added oil, in particular to a two-stroke internal combustion engine applicable to the production of portable appliances and machines in the motorcycle and water and automotive industries and others.

Previous condition

Internal combustion engines (ICEs) are a type of heat engine in which the fuel ignites and burns inside the engine itself. The energy obtained from the expansion of the hot gases is converted into mechanical energy and is used for propulsion.

Most often, however, in practice, "internal combustion engine" means "internal combustion piston engine". In turn, the two-stroke engine is a reciprocating internal combustion engine. The name two-stroke is given based on the engine duty cycle. For two strokes of the piston, ie. for one revolution of the crankshaft, the individual working phases are performed - filling with air or fuel mixture, compression, ignition and piston stroke, and exhaust.

The two-stroke engine has a significantly simpler design than the four-stroke, which makes it cheaper to manufacture, lighter, with smaller dimensions and fewer moving parts, and with lower operating costs. The difference in construction between the four-stroke and the two-stroke is that the latter does not have a gas distribution mechanism and a lubrication system; the lubrication system is replaced by a dispenser that injects oil into the engine or by placing oil in the fuel, the oil in the fuel mixture usually in a ratio of 1:16 to 1:50. The oil in the fuel mixture, intended for lubrication of the crank mechanism and the piston-cylinder group, subsequently burns together with the fuel and leads to a high degree of pollution of the exhaust gases.

This main disadvantage of two-stroke engines leads not only to environmental pollution, but also to reduced engine efficiency due to the fact that it reduces the octane number of gasoline due to its oil pollution, to increased fuel consumption and inability of the engine to operate at optimum parameters. The higher specific fuel consumption has forced these engines to be used in vehicles with relatively low total consumption of fuel mopeds, motorcycles, and since 1928 in small cars. Lightweight and easily serviced two-stroke engines are used for installation in portable devices and machines such as chainsaws, hand and wheel mowers, breakers, electric generators for low power, boat engines and more.

It is an object of the invention to provide a two-stroke internal combustion engine with supercharging operating without added oil in the fuel, in which mixing of the oil with the fuel mixture, in particular with the gasoline from the fuel-air mixture, is avoided, thus reducing fuel consumption, increasing the efficiency of the engine at optimal operating parameters and last but not least - the release of environmentally friendly exhaust gases.

Essence

In essence, the invention is a construction of a two-stroke supercharged internal combustion engine operating without added oil in the fuel with the lubrication system in the crankcase for lubrication of the crank mechanism and the piston-cylinder group. The rotary valve placed on the engine outlet provides the possibility to be supercharged by a separate injection system for compressed air connected by means of a discharge port to a plate or screw compressor driven directly or by means of: a chain, a timing belt or gears from the crankshaft, creates the necessary pressure for the engine.

This two-stroke engine runs on the following fuels: gasoline, methane gas and propane butane gas.

The engine can be supplied with a fuel-air mixture and by means of a carburetor and an injection for petrol, an evaporator and an injection for gas propane butane and methane injection systems.

The advantages of the design according to the invention are that it enables the classic two-stroke engine to run on pure petrol without oil impurities, and the mixing with atmospheric air to take place directly in the cylinder above the piston of the two-stroke engine, which leads to an increase in engine power, reducing fuel consumption, increasing engine efficiency at optimal operating parameters and last but not least - the release of environmentally friendly exhaust gases.

Brief description of the attached figures:

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a two-stroke petrol engine, according to the utility model, where positions 1 to 20 denote the elements as follows:

1 / Crankcase with engine oil

2 / Plates of the plate compressor

3 / Suction port of the plate compressor

4 / Plate compressor

5 / Pneumatic accumulator

6 / Air pressure control valve

7 / Air inlet

8 / Cylinder

9 / Fuel injector

10 / Spark plug

11 / Cylinder head

12 / Combustion chamber

13 / Piston and piston bolt

14 / Reel

15 / Exhaust opening

16 / Rotary exhaust valve

17 / Toothed belt

18 / Compression segment

19 / Oil collection segment

20 / Crankshaft

The invention is illustrated by the following exemplary embodiment, without limiting its scope:

Example 1:

............. 4

The construction of a two-stroke supercharged internal combustion engine without added oil to the fuel, according to the present embodiment of the invention, includes a cylinder 8 in which is placed the piston 13 driven by the crankshaft 20 with the connecting rod 14. In the upper part on the cylinder 8 forming the cylinder head 11 are located a fuel injector 9 and a spark plug 10, an inlet air inlet 7 on which is mounted a pneumatic pressure regulator 6 providing the connection between the air accumulator (5) and the cylinder 8. Exhaust. 15 on which is mounted a drain valve 16 driven by a toothed belt 17 provides overfilling of the cylinder 8 with compressed air from the plate compressor 4 also driven by the toothed belt 17. In the upper part of the piston is located the compression segment 18, and below it - the oil segment 19, providing lubrication of the cylinder and preventing oil to the combustion chamber 12 formed in the space between the cylinder 8 and the piston 13, the oil located in the crankcase 1 provides lubrication of the crank mechanism and the piston cylinder group. A plate compressor 4 is provided in the construction, equipped with compressor plates 2, providing the engine with compressed atmospheric air through the suction opening 3 and connected directly to the combustion chamber 12 by means of an air accumulator 5 air-injection opening 7.

Operation of a two-stroke internal combustion engine with overfilling and without added oil to the fuel:

Fig.1 / When the piston (13) driven by the crankshaft (20) by the connecting rod (13) is located in the lower dead center (DMT), the process of filling with compressed air from the compressor (4) and with the help on the closed rotary exhaust valve (16) there is an increased injection of compressed air from the plate compressor (4) accumulated in the pneumatic accumulator (5) and regulated by the pneumatic regulator (6) connected by the injection opening (7) to the cylinder (8).

Fig. 2 / Shows the compression process where the piston (13) has moved to the cylinder head (11) and has compressed the fuel mixture formed in the combustion chamber (12) by the compressed air and the fuel supplied by the injector (9).

Fig. 3 / The process of work in the combustion chamber (12) with the supplied one starts

spark from spark plug (10)

Fig.4 / The process of releasing the exhaust gases starts after the piston (13) opens the exhaust opening (15) and the opening of the rotary valve (16) driven by the crankshaft (20).

Claims (4)

1. A two-stroke supercharged internal combustion engine operating without added oil to the fuel, comprising a cylinder, piston, fuel injector and spark plug, as well as a plate or int compressor, a pneumatic accumulator and an air inlet. Exhaust equipped with a rotary valve for regulating the exhaust gases, characterized in that the lubrication system for lubricating the crank mechanism and the piston-cylinder group is located in the engine crankcase separately from the fuel system. The compressed air supply system is connected through the compressed air accumulator to the discharge port which supplies the cylinder by means of a screw or plate compressor. The rotary valve of the exhaust port provides overfilling with air and fuel-air mixture. A two-stroke supercharged internal combustion engine operating without added oil to the fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotary outlet valve providing it with overfilling with air and fuel mixture. A two-stroke supercharged internal combustion engine operating without added oil to the fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubrication system comprises oil located in the crankcase 1 of the engine and an oil segment 19 located at the top of the piston 13 below the compression segment 18. Providing lubrication of the piston cylinder group and the crank mechanism. Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that pure gasoline (without mixing with oil), methane gas and propane butane gas can be used as fuel.