BG112577A - Method for ecological plant protection - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the developed method is to create an unfavourable environment for microorganisms and parasites on plants by means harmless to the human body and the environment. The method is based on the partial decomposition of water by the electrolysis process, which results in an aqueous solution saturated with hydrogen peroxide, free oxygen and hydrogen. This solution is discharged directly into the water supply pipes of irrigation sprinkler devices and subsurface drip systems. Irrigation sprinkler devices exterminate pests on plants, and subsurface drip system accelerates crop growth due to the large amounts of oxygen, which helps the rapid decomposition of biological material in the soil. When the solution is used to increase oxygen in the water in fish farms, it must stand in a separate tank until the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and the release of hydrogen and then added to the fish pools. The method is realized with an installation consisting of the following devices: an electrolysis unit (1), which is flowing and connected directly to the water supply pipes, an electronic unit (2) for controlling the electrolysis process and two devices (3.1 and 3.2) for differential control of the parameters of the incoming and outgoing water. The differential control devices supply information to the electronic unit (2) about temperature, electrical conductivity, amount of dissolved oxygen and inlet and outlet water pressure. In the electronic unit is performed continuously comparing of the input-output parameters supplied by the differential control devices, as the results determine the current in the electrolysis unit. When the electrolysis process is endothermic, then the values of dissolved in the water hydrogen peroxide and oxygen are the highest. Measured values of oxygen are 9-12 mg/L and hydrogen peroxide up to 0.9%. 5 claims, 1 figure

Description

FOR ECOLOGICAL PLANT PROTECTION

Field of application

The method refers to the creation of harmless chemical compounds based on the decomposition of water by electrolysis and treatment of plants in order to protect them from bacteria, spores, fungal infections and parasites. The treated water included in the systems for underground and surface irrigation leads to rapid growth of all irrigated crops, due to the introduction of large amounts of free oxygen into the soil, helping the decomposition of biological mass and accelerating growth. The proposed method can be used in fish farms to significantly increase the values of dissolved oxygen in the water in which fish are raised.

Previous condition

In the current practice in plant protection chemicals are used, which cause permanent damage to plants, soil and people. In the bathing pools, flow electrolyzers are used to disinfect the water in which NaCl sodium chloride is dissolved, which under the influence of electrolysis decomposes into sodium and chlorine and then recovers in sodium chloride. In fish * · 2 · ·,. ·: \. · ’• · · · · · · water aeration farms’ is done with air compressors and water pumps.

The disadvantage of plant protection applied in practice is the large amounts of chemicals remaining in the soil and especially in humans. The biggest disadvantage of aerating water in fisheries is the high energy costs and low efficiency.

Technical nature of the method

The aim of the developed method is to create an unfavorable environment for microorganisms and parasites on plants with means harmless to the human body and the environment. The method is based on the partial decomposition of water by the electrolysis process, which results in an aqueous solution saturated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), free oxygen and hydrogen.

This solution is discharged directly into the water supply pipes of irrigation sprinklers and drip irrigation systems. Irrigation sprinklers destroy pests on plants, and underground drip irrigation accelerates crop growth due to the large amounts of oxygen helping to rapidly decompose biological material in the soil. When the solution is used to increase the oxygen in the water in fisheries, it must remain in a separate tank until the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and then added to the fish pools.

The method is realized with an installation consisting of the following devices: electrolyzer, which is, flowing and connected directly to the water supply pipes, electronic * electronic * 6l0k to control the electrolysis process and two devices for differential control of the parameters of incoming and outgoing water. The differential control devices provide information to the electronic unit on temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen and inlet and outlet water pressure. The electronic unit continuously compares the input and output parameters supplied by the differential control devices, and the results determine the current in the cell.

Explanation of the attached figures

Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the installation for the implementation of the proposed method.

Example of method implementation

Figure 1 shows a variant of the schematic diagram for the implementation of the method of ecological plant protection and it is as follows: flow cell 1, connected to the electrical circuit 6 with electronic unit 2, to control the electrolysis process, devices for differential control 3.1 and 3.2, mounted on inlet pipe 4.1 and outlet pipe 4.2, pipes 4.1 and 4.2 are connected to cell 1 '· 4 ^: ·. . :: У • · · · · · * ······ · · · · · · · and electrical circuits 5.1 and 5.2 for data from devices 3.1 and 3.2 supplied to electronic unit 2.

Using the method

The process in the installation for applying the proposed method proceeds in the following order: The water that will be treated in the installation enters through the inlet pipe 4.1, passes through the differential control device 3.1 and enters the cell 1, where the main process of changing properties of the water leaving the cell 1 the water passes through a differential control device 3.2 and leaves the installation through an outlet pipe 4.2. Electronic unit 2 on the electrical circuit 6 supplies the cell 1, supplying voltage to the electrodes in the cell. Under the influence of constant voltage (DC), which changes its values depending on the measured parameters of differential control devices 3.1 and 3.2 (these are: temperature, pressure, electrical conductivity and values of dissolved oxygen in the water of the inlet pipe 4.1 and outlet tube 4.2), electronic unit 2 monitors and optimizes the process. The purpose of the process is to dissolve the entire amount of decomposed oxygen in the water. If the process is carried out correctly, an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 is obtained, which is from 0.7 to 0.9% and dissolved in water oxygen from 6 mg / L to 9-10 mg / L. After the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide H2O2, the amount of dissolved oxygen increases and reaches 12 mg / L. An important indicator for the proper course of the process is the temperature of the cell to be from 0 to * · 5 ^: · · *, · ·. · * • · · · · ·

5 ° C lower than the inlet water temperature. The lower the temperature of the cell, the higher the temperature of the dissolved oxygen in the leaving water, the higher the values of the dissolved oxygen in the leaving water. For the treatment of 3 m ³ of water per hour the current in the electrolyzer is from 10 mA to 3 m 2 of 1 cm ² of the electrodes and the electricity used is from 0.4 to 0.6 kW.

Claims (5)

The method of ecological plant protection 1. The method of ecological plant protection carried out with a flow electrolyzer (1), characterized in that water with electrical conductivity due to the dissolved mineral salts in the natural way subjected to electrolysis decomposes into hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) which produces the compound hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the process takes place in a flow cell (1) at a pressure of not less than bOCr, the current in the cell is from 10 to 30mA per 1cm ² and is determined by the temperature of the cell and it is from 0 to 5 ° C lower than the temperature of the incoming water, during the decomposition process, the resulting aqueous mixture has a dissolved oxygen (O) content of 6 mg / L to 9-10 mg / L and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which is from 0.7 to 0.9%, this mixture has a broad-spectrum bactericidal action, an important indicator characterizing the method is the endothermic nature of the electrolytic process that decomposes water. According to claim 1, the water obtained after treatment serves to protect crops from bacteria, fungal infections and parasites. According to claim 1, the water obtained after treatment is used for surface and underground irrigation of crops. According to claim 1, the water obtained after treatment serves to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water of fish ponds. ψ:. :. \ S According to claim 1, the process in a flow cell (1) is endothermic in nature, which is directly proportional to the flow current in the cell (1) and directly proportional to the pressure and velocity of the fluid passing through the cell (1).