BG112100A - A fleece heat insulating product - Google Patents

Abstract

The product is used in construction for internal heat insulation. It ensures the usage of regenerated threads from textile waste materials and polymer packaging, which leads to economical usage of primary materials with keeping a high level of utilization properties, manufacturability and long lasting thermal insulation. The product consists of a main volume layer and a stabilizing needled layer, thermally connected to each other by bi-component threads of polyester/polyethylene or polyester/polypropylene. The main volume layer includes a mixture of regenerated chemical threads in a quantity of 50-70% of weight with line density 1.5-17 dtex and thread length 30-100 mm; regenerated natural threads in quantity 5-20 % of weight with line density 1.5-17 dtex and thread length 20-100 mm; and bi-component threads of polyester/polyethylene or polyester/polypropylene 10-20% of weight with line density 3.5-17dtex and thread length 30-60 mm. The stabilizing needled layer consists of a mixture of regenerated threads from polyester packaging in a quantity 70-90% of weight and line density 1.5-17dtex and length 40-80 mm and bi-component threads from polyester/polyethylene or polyester/polypropylene 10-30% of weight.

Description

NONWOVEN TEXTILE HEAT INSULATION PRODUCT *

Field of technology

The invention relates to a nonwoven textile thermal insulation product used in the construction of internal thermal insulation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Non-woven textile materials are suitable for obtaining thermal insulation in clothing and for technical applications. They are used for inclusion as an intermediate layer in various types of protective clothing, for floor coverings and thermal insulation of walls and ceilings due to the possibility to be easily included in various multilayer constructions. They are made of mechanically and chemically bonded fibers, and have porosity, thickness, bulk density, hardness and flexibility, which can be set and controlled depending on the requirements and conditions of their use in certain places. The most commonly available are needle-punched and adhesive-bonded nonwovens based on primary synthetic fibers.

Non-woven textile thermal insulation wool is most often made of inorganic fibers (glass and ceramic), polyester fibers (PET), cellulose fibers (natural and artificial), animal wool and hair (most often sheep), and agricultural waste. When textile fibers are used, they have a normal staple length of 30-80 mm and a linear density of 1.5-6.7 dtex.

In order to increase the strength characteristics and thermophysical properties of textile thermal insulation materials, various mixtures of primary fibers are used, mainly polyester, which are strengthened mechanically (mainly by needle punching) or a binder is applied.

EN 2100498 C1 describes a layer of nonwoven fabric (HT) of short, polyolefin fibers with a load strength of not less than 1.2 GPa and a modulus of elasticity of at least 40 GPa. Cotton wool consists of 80% polyolefin fibers, arranged randomly with a length of 49 to 100 mm. The disadvantage of this material is its low thermal insulation properties.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,723,209 describes a textile thermal insulation product used in construction which is a roll of cotton wool made of fibers directly drawn from a melt of polyethylene terephthalate. The wadding consists of a synthetic material comprising basic and polyester bonding fibers, the bonding fibers being bicomponent with a close plasticization point of the two core / sheath components. In one embodiment, the main fibers and / or the connecting fibers comprise waste fibers from the direct drawing process. In another embodiment, one-sided or two-sided lamination of the bulky base material obtained directly from a melt with one or more layers, which are re-formed from polyester fibers, is performed. Fabrics, quilts and those obtained by tearing foil and materials obtained by the "Spunbonded" method are used. Lamination is done mechanically or adhesive.

The disadvantage of the offered material is that it is obtained only on special equipment existing in the factories for chemical fibers. The waste used is industrial waste from chemical production with a low degree of processing. Regenerated fibers obtained from the processing of textile waste from production and household shall not be used.

Disadvantage of non-woven bulk products from waste textile materials used for thermal insulation is the unstable structure in operating conditions due to the reduced length of regenerated fibers as a result of mechanical processing, poor separation and individualization and as a result - poor adhesion and low stability of structure and geometric characteristics. This leads to a decrease in the main indicator - a decrease in their thermal insulation properties, which requires a strict selection of reinforcing components for resin binders, reinforcing threads and fibers.

Technical essence of the invention

The objective of the invention is to provide a nonwoven textile thermal insulation product that will ensure the use of regenerated fibers from textile waste while maintaining high performance, manufacturability and durability of thermal insulation.

According to the invention, the nonwoven textile thermal insulation product consists of a base bulk layer and a stabilized needle-coated layer thermally bonded to each other by bicomponent polyester / polyethylene or polyester / polypropylene fibers. The main volume layer includes a mixture of regenerated chemical fibers in an amount of 50 - 75 wt.% With a linear density of 1.5 - 17 dtex and a fiber length of 30-100 mm; regenerated natural fibers in an amount of 5-30 wt.% with a linear density of 1.5 - 17 dtex and fiber length 20-100 mm; and

Chig bicomponent fibers of polyester / polyethylene or polyester / polypropylene 10-20 wt.% With a linear density of 3.5 - 17 dtex and a fiber length of 30 - 60 mm. The stabilizing needle-coated layer consists of a mixture of regenerated fibers from polyester packages in an amount of 70 - 90 wt. with a linear density of 1.5-17 dtex and a length of 40 - 80 mm and bicomponent fibers of polyester / polyethylene or polyester / polypropylene 10-30 wt.%.

The regenerated chemical fibers are made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and / or polyester (PET) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or polypropylene (PP) and / or viscose (VE) in the amount of: polyamide 3-7%, respectively; viscose - 1-2%; polyacrylonitrile - 30-40%; polyester - 25-35%; polypropylene - 1-2%, connected together with bicomponent polyester / polyethylene fibers.

The regenerated natural fibers are made of cotton (P) and / or wool (B) in quantity. wool - 5-10%; cotton - 10-20%.

The specific surface mass of the main volume layer is from 350 to 3100 g / m2. The specific surface mass of the stabilizing layer is from 80 to 200 g / m2.

The thickness of the main volume layer is 30 - 100 mm, and the thickness of the stabilizing layer is 0.5 - 2.0 mm.

The fibers in the main volume layer are arranged horizontally or wavy in several thin layers.

The non-woven textile thermal insulation product has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 0.032 - 0.045 V. m-1 K-1).

The non-woven textile thermal insulation product has a coefficient of air permeability Bp = 0.803-1.22 m ³ / m ² .hour at an average thickness of the product up to 8.5 cm.

The fibers in the main volume layer are arranged horizontally or wavy in several thin layers or chaotically.

The advantages of the nonwoven thermal insulation material according to the invention are as follows: The main bulk layer of the product, consisting of regenerated chemical, natural and bicomponent fibers, provides high thermal insulation properties and high stability of the structure and geometric characteristics, and the stabilizing layer - stability of the whole structure of the product, easy handling during installation and stability of the shape during operation. Production waste is used in the production of fabrics, knitwear, nonwovens and ready-made clothing after the loss of its performance. They use regenerated fibers, which are obtained after mechanical dissolution of textile waste, which is associated with lower energy consumption compared to the production of chemical fibers. The use of regenerated fibers from textile waste materials and polymer packaging leads to · '; ·::··· ·· · · · * · ·· · · ·· ··· · · · · · ·· in

saving of primary materials and cheaper product while maintaining high performance, manufacturability and durability of thermal insulation during storage and operating conditions. The offered product has a high degree of environmental friendliness, its production is low- or non-waste and solves the problem with the use of secondary raw materials, which are usually disposed of in municipal solid waste collectors.

Explanation of the attached figures

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the production of a nonwoven iglonabit stabilizing layer;

Figure 2 is a flow chart of a nonwoven nonwoven heat insulating product made of regenerated fibers arranged horizontally;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of the production of a nonwoven thermal insulation product from regenerated fibers arranged in a wavy manner;

Figure 4 is a diagram of the arrangement of the fiber components in the structure of a nonwoven heat-insulating product of regenerated fibers arranged horizontally;

Figure 5 is a diagram of the arrangement of the fiber components in the structure of a nonwoven heat-insulating product of regenerated fibers arranged in a wavy manner;

Figure 6 is a diagram of the arrangement of the fiber components in the structure of a nonwoven heat-insulating product of regenerated fibers arranged randomly;

Figure 7 is a graph of the change in the coefficient of thermal conductivity depending on the temperature of a material with horizontally arranged fibers.

Figure 8 - graph of the change in the coefficient of thermal conductivity depending on the temperature of the material is wavy fibers.

Examples of the invention

The preferred method for producing the nonwoven textile thermal insulation product according to the invention comprises: mechanical or aerodynamic production of a homogeneous mass of fibers evenly distributed in it, mechanical and thermal hardening according to the following schemes:

In FIG. 1 shows a scheme for obtaining a stabilizing layer. Process conditions: needle punching with a top punching needle punching machine.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram for obtaining a bulk layer with horizontally arranged fibers a in fig. 3 is a diagram for obtaining a bulk layer with wavy and arranged fibers. The process includes: mechanical formation of wool from two types of fibers; heating the fibrous mass to plasticize the mantle of the bicomponent fibers; cooling, hardening and formation of an adhesive bond, a network of segments that are strong enough for the selected application of the product. A folding module connected in series with the flooring device and a folding disk is used. Products with the structure shown in fig. 4 and FIG. 5.

The two layers - bulk and stabilizing, are connected to each other adhesively by heat treatment with hot air at the temperature of plasticization of the sheath of the bicomponent fibers. Heat treatment conditions (heat bonding) maximum air temperature - 230 ° C.

The present invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which do not limit it.

EXAMPLE 1

Non-woven textile thermal insulation product (Fig. 4), consisting of two fibrous layers, the first of which is a basic volume layer 1, representing wadding of horizontally arranged thin layers 5 fibers, with a wadding thickness of 45 mm, specific surface mass 800 g / m2 consisting of 87% regenerated fibers in a ratio of 65% chemical and 35% natural fibers, and 13% bicomponent binding fibers 4.

Regenerated fibers as mixed waste have a wide range of linear densities - in the range of 1.5 to 10 dtex and a length of 30 - 100 mm. They are connected in the main volume layer with bicomponent polyester fibers of core / PET / PE type with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

To the main bulk layer, by means of protruding in bundles 3 and individual bicomponent connecting fibers 4, by stabilization is connected a stabilizing needle-punched layer 2, composed of regenerated fibers of polymer packaging waste. The stabilizing layer is a needled cotton wool with a thickness of 0.6 mm, a specific area mass of 100 g / m2, consisting of a mixture of 90% regenerated polyester fibers with a length of 67 mm and a linear density of 3.5 dtex, connected with 10% bicomponent connecting fibers 4 with a linear density of 4.4 dtex.

EXAMPLE 2

Non-woven textile thermal insulation product (Fig. 4), consisting of two fibrous layers, the first of which is a basic bulk layer 1, which is a cotton wool of horizontally arranged thin layers 5 fibers with a thickness of 75 mm, a specific surface area of 1700 g / m2, consisting of of 82% regenerated fibers in a ratio of 65% chemical and 35% natural fibers, and 18% bicomponent binder fibers.

Regenerated fibers as mixed waste have a wide range of linear densities - in the range of 1.5 to 10 dtex and a length of 30 - 100 mm. They are connected in j! De * ia;

the main volume layer with bicomponent polyester fibers type core / sheath PET / PE with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

To the main bulk layer, by means of protruding in bundles 3 and individual bicomponent connecting fibers 4, by stabilization is connected a stabilizing needle-punched layer 2, composed of regenerated fibers of polymer packaging waste.

The stabilizing layer is needle-punched wool with a thickness of 1.3 mm, a specific area mass of 165 g / m2, consisting of a mixture of 88% polyester fibers with a linear density of 3.5 dtech and a length of 60 mm and 12% bicomponent connecting fibers of the core type. PET / PE shell with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

The main parameters of the nonwoven thermal insulation thus obtained are given in Figures 7.

EXAMPLE 3

Non-woven textile thermal insulation product (Fig. 5), consisting of two fibrous layers, the first of which is a basic bulk layer 1, which is cotton wool of wavy thin layers of fibers, the cotton wool is 50 mm thick and has a specific mass of 900 g / m2, consisting of 85% regenerated fibers in a ratio of 65% chemical and 35% natural fibers, and 15% bicomponent binding fibers.

Regenerated fibers, as mixed waste, have a wide range of linear densities - in the range of 1.5 to 10 dtex and a length of 30 - 100 mm. They are connected in the main volume layer with bicomponent polyester fibers of core / PET / PE type with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

To the main bulk layer, by means of protruding in bundles 3 and individual bicomponent connecting fibers 4, by stabilization is connected a stabilizing needle-punched layer 2, composed of regenerated fibers of polymer packaging waste.

The stabilizing layer is needle-punched wool with a thickness of 1.2 mm, a specific area mass of 150 g / m2, consisting of a mixture of 88% polyester fibers with a linear density of 3.5 dtech and a length of 60 mm and 12% bicomponent connecting fibers of the core type. shell with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

The main parameters of the nonwoven thermal insulation thus obtained are given in Figures 8.

EXAMPLE 4

Non-woven textile thermal insulation product (Fig. 4), consisting of two fibrous layers, the first of which is a basic bulk layer (1), which is a wool of corrugated fibers (5) with a thickness of 80 mm and a specific area of 2000 g / m2, consisting of 78% regenerated fibers in a ratio of 65% chemical and 35% natural fibers, and 22% bicomponent binding fibers.

The regenerated fibers, as mixed waste, have a wide range of linear densities - in the range from 1.5 to 10 dtex and length 30 - 100 mm. They are connected in the main volume layer with bicomponent polyester fibers of core / PET / PE type with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

To the main bulk layer, by means of protruding in bundles (3) and individual bicomponent connecting fibers (4), by stabilization is connected a stabilizing needle-punched layer 2, composed of regenerated fibers of polymer packaging waste.

The stabilizing layer is needle-punched wool with a thickness of 1.8 mm, a specific surface mass of 180 g / m2, consisting of a mixture of 84% polyester standard fibers with a linear density of 3.5 dtech and a length of 60 mm and 16% bicomponent connecting fibers of the PET type / PE with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

The main parameters of the nonwoven thermal insulation thus obtained are given in Figures 8.

EXAMPLE 5

Non-woven textile thermal insulation product consisting of two fibrous layers, the first of which is a basic bulk layer (Fig. B), of randomly arranged fibers with a thickness of 45 mm, a specific surface area of 800 g / m2, consisting of 87% regenerated fibers in ratio of 65% chemical and 35% natural fibers, and 13% bicomponent binding fibers.

Regenerated fibers as mixed waste have a wide range of linear densities - in the range of 1.5 to 10 dtex and a length of 30 - 100 mm. They are connected in the main volume layer with bicomponent polyester fibers of core / PET / PE type with a linear density of 4.4 dtex and a length of 51 mm.

To the main bulk layer (H), by means of protruding in bundles (2) and individual bicomponent connecting fibers (4), a stabilizing needle-punched layer (1), composed of regenerated fibers from polymer packaging waste, is connected by heat treatment. The stabilizing layer is needle wool with a thickness of 0.6 mm, a specific surface area of 100 g / m2, consisting of a mixture of 90% regenerated polyester fibers from polymer waste with a length of 67 mm and a linear density of 3.5 dtex, associated with 10% bicomponent core / sheath fibers of PET / PE with a linear density of 4.4 dtex.

The quality of the materials thus obtained as thermal insulation is proved by the obtained results presented in Figures 7-8 and Tables 1 and 2. The obtained laminated nonwoven thermal insulation product of regenerated fibers has the following indicators that provide good performance and easy installation on internal enclosing elements and ceilings.

Table 1.

Indicator measure Example 2 for a bulk layer of horizontally arranged fibers Example 4 for a bulk layer of corrugated fibers Tensile strength • In length dN / 5 cm 5.7 6.0 • Width dN / 5 cm 15.0 17.0 Stretchability • In length % 40 55.0 • Width % 17 32.0

Table 2.

Indicators. Measure Example 2 for a bulk layer of horizontally arranged fibers Example 4 for a bulk layer of corrugated fibers Thermal conductivity coefficient W / m.K 0.046 0.0381

* Control of the indicators of the final product is performed according to: BDS EN 823, width and length, for strength and extensibility - BDS EN 822, thermal conductivity coefficient BDS EN 16 667, bulk density BDS EN 1602.

Use of the invention

The nonwoven textile thermal insulation material of unsorted and sorted regenerated fibers according to the invention is used for internal thermal insulation in construction in the form of flexible slabs / panels of a certain size or rolls laid on the inside of enclosing elements (walls, roofs and floors) of buildings with low or medium operating humidity, in order to increase their energy efficiency (for existing buildings) or to achieve the normative., 9 ···:. ·. ·. ··. :: ··· • · · · ·· · · · · »• · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ··· * requirements for designing new buildings. They can be laid on masonry walls of ceramic bricks and blocks, varosilicate bricks, concrete and aerated concrete blocks, monolithic reinforced concrete walls, provided that their humidity is below 4%; wood paneling and particle board, provided that ventilation and protection from atmospheric precipitation is provided; floors and roof slabs with a structure of monolithic reinforced concrete (humidity below 4%, if laid directly on the floor); roofs with wooden supporting structure, in which ventilation is provided. They are installed by standard methods used for internal thermal insulation.

The offered non-woven thermal insulation products have sufficient strength to be able to be attached to the building elements, durability and a certain constant porosity. They provide effective insulation in case of fluctuation of W temperature (from -20 to 50 g. C) and their production is economically profitable due to the use of recycled fibers.

Claims (9)

Nonwoven textile thermal insulation product, characterized in that it consists of a base bulk layer (1) and a stabilizing needle-coated layer (2), thermally bonded to each other by bicomponent fibers (4) of polyester / polyethylene or polyester / polypropylene, in this basic volume layer (1) includes a mixture of regenerated chemical fibers in an amount of 50 - 70 wt.% with a linear density of 1.5 17 dtex and a fiber length of 30-100 mm; regenerated natural fibers in an amount of 5-20 wt.% with a linear density of 1.5 - 17 dtex and fiber length 20100 mm; and bicomponent fibers (4) of polyester / polyethylene or polyester / polypropylene 10-20% by weight with a linear density of 3.5-17 dtex and a fiber length of 30-60 mm, and the stabilizing needle-coated layer (2) consists of a mixture of regenerated fibers from polyester packaging in an amount of 70-90 wt. % with a linear density of 1,5 - 17 dtex and a length of 40 - 80 mm and bicomponent fibers (4) of polyester / polyethylene or polyester / polypropylene 10-30 wt.%. Non-woven thermal insulation product according to claim 1, characterized in that the regenerated chemical fibers are made of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and / or polyester (PET) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or polypropylene (PP) and / or viscose (You) respectively in the amount of: polyamide 3- 7%; viscose - 1-2%; polyacrylonitrile - 30-40%; polyester 25-35%; polypropylene 1-2%? - 2,20% bound together with bicomponent fibers (4) of polyester / polyethylene. Non-woven textile thermal insulation product according to claim 1, characterized in that the regenerated natural fibers are made of cotton (P) and / or wool (B) in the amount of wool - 5-10%, cotton - 10-20%. w Nonwoven textile thermal insulation product according to Claim 1, characterized in that the specific surface area of the base volume layer (1) is from 350 to 3100 g / m2. Nonwoven textile thermal insulation product according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific surface mass of the stabilizing layer (2) is from 80 to 200 g / m2. Nonwoven textile thermal insulation product according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the thickness of the main volume layer (1) is 30 - 100 mm, and the thickness of the stabilizing layer (2) is 0.5 - 2.0 mm. Non-woven textile thermal insulation product according to claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the fibers in the main volume layer (1) are arranged horizontally or wavy in several thin layers or chaotically. Non-woven textile thermal insulation product according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a heat transfer coefficient of 0.032 - 0.045 V. m-1 K-1. Non-woven textile thermal insulation product according to Claim 1, characterized in that it has an air permeability coefficient Bp = 0.803-1.22 m ³ / m ² per hour at an average product thickness of up to 8.5 cm.