BG1110U1 - Heater for express local heating of water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model concerns a heater for express local heating of water, in particular a thermo-gravitational vessel for heating water for domestic and heating purposes. It is applicable in the systems for heating water for one-family houses as well as for residential buildings, small enterprises and works. Here, the water heat is increasing from the top downwards, this resulting in higher efficiency. It is possible to heat only drinking water or only water heating, or both water for local hot water heating and drinking water. Due to the express provision of hot water in the circles for heating and domestic hot water, the necessity is eliminated for such a system to operate continuously or to switch it on in advance in order to ensure hot water.

Description

The utility model relates to a tank for express local heating of water, in particular to a thermogravity tank for heating domestic water and heating.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A boiler is known, consisting of a vertical cylindrical housing with hemispherical bottoms and a lower inlet and upper outlet. In the lower half of the housing is an electric or tubular coil heater, which has an additional coil, located inside its main coil and connected in parallel to it. The lower winding of this heater is tilted down and occupies the bottom space in the lower hemispherical bottom. The heater can be electric or tubular for connection to a heat carrier (hot water, steam, heated oil, special antifreeze, etc.). Immediately below the coil heater and above the lower hemispherical bottom, there is a cylindrical connecting flange opening in the housing to accommodate additional fixtures as needed, as well as to clear the bottom space from accumulated sediment. In the center of the upper hemispherical bottom, a vertical tubular spiral extending to the middle of the inner space is mounted, whose openings extend through the upper part of the housing. And the surface of the vertical tube coil and the coils in the tube coil heater are ribbed (BG 64584 B1).

This heating vessel is of limited capacity because dead zones are formed above its bottom space, in which the water is not heated, which leads to the appearance of colonies of harmful microorganisms, which violate the sanitary requirements for the heated water. In addition, the heater has a low efficiency due to the low heat exchange surface of the heater.

A heating vessel is known, consisting of a vertical cylindrical housing with hemispherical bottoms in the lower half of which is arranged a helical heater. The heater can be electric or tubular for connection to a heat carrier (hot water, steam, heated oil, special antifreeze, etc.). The housing has a lower inlet and upper outlet for water. Below the upper hemispherical bottom, a vertical tubular spiral extending to the middle of the inner space is mounted, whose openings extend through the upper part of the housing. The lower hemispherical bottom is recessed into the housing. The inner space in the housing is divided in two by a horizontal hemispherical insulation belt, in the middle of which there is an opening for connecting the two working spaces in the housing. At the level immediately below the spiral heater and above the lower hemispherical bottom, the housing may have a cylindrical connecting flange opening to accommodate additional appliances as necessary, as well as to clean the bottom space from accumulated sediment (GB 1551233).

Dead zones are formed in the bottom space and above the insulation belt where the water does not heat up. In addition, these dead zones create conditions for the emergence of harmful colonies for microorganisms, thus violating the sanitary requirements for heated water. The boiler has a low efficiency (efficiency) due to the small heat exchange surface of the coil heater. The housing has low resistance to increase internal pressure due to the recessed lower hemispherical bottom.

A heating vessel is known in which solar energy is used to heat the working fluid. It consists of two separate heating vessels - lower and upper. The lower one is powered by solar heat through a tubular helical heat exchanger. An additional spiral can be installed to allow the heated fluid to flow from another economical coolant, e.g. residual heat from the air conditioner and more. A vertical tubular spiral is installed in the upper vessel in which heated water from the boiler flows. In this way, the liquid inside the housing is heated by active heat exchange. The two vessels are connected by a pipe connection. Cold water is fed into the lower end of the lower vessel and warm water exits the upper end of the upper vessel (DE 197 46 248 A1).

This heating vessel is intended for heating water only for heating purposes and cannot be used for the simultaneous supply of drinking and non-drinking water. The vessel has a low efficiency (efficiency), since the rise in water temperature is below.

The task of the utility model is to create a heating vessel for express local heating of domestic water and for heating - individually or simultaneously, with an increased efficiency, in compliance with the sanitary requirements for the parameters of the heated water.

The technical nature of the utility model

The task is solved by a heating vessel for express local heating of domestic water - drinking and for heating, consisting of a vertical cylindrical closed metal body with a lower and upper torospherical bottom, with a thermal insulation sheath. The upper bottom in the middle has an outlet for heated water.

In the lower third of the interior housing there is a horizontal electric heater and a tubular helical heat exchanger whose edges extend laterally through the housing. The upper end of the heat exchanger has an inlet laterally through the housing for direct supply of heated antifreeze from an external heat source - a solar collector, and the lower terminal for the removal of the already existing heat antifreeze to the solar collector. The heater is mounted on a threaded sleeve and the heat exchanger is supported by a vertically mounted carrier. In one case, an additional internal coil is connected to the heat exchanger connected in parallel with the main coil. The tubular coil heat exchanger is made of smooth-walled, standard, seam or seamless steel tube, uncoated, wound on the carrier. In one case, its surface may be ribbed. This third of the interior space is separated from the rest by a horizontally spaced metal barrier. Two pipes are mounted vertically fixed to the metal barrier. One pipe starts from an opening in the center of the barrier and reaches around the middle of the upper torospherical bottom of the heating vessel, with the diameters of the opening and the pipe being the same. This tube connects the lower third with the upper part of the vessel, through which the principle of thermogravity is realized. The second tube is displaced laterally from the first tube, starting from an opening in the barrier and ending around the middle of the lower spherical bottom. The hole and the pipe have the same diameters. The heater sleeve is mounted directly below the metal barrier. On the side of the enclosure is an inlet for direct supply of hot water, heated by an external heat source - boiler, fireplace, and an outlet for extracting the heat that has been given off for heating from the external heat source.

In the middle third of the enclosure, towards the middle, above the barrier, is the cold water inlet from the heating installation, which is supplied with hot water from the outlet.

A horizontal heat exchanger is installed in the upper third of the interior housing, representing a tubular spiral in which pure water flows on a supporting structure, with the ends of the spiral extending laterally through the housing and correspondingly outlet - for domestic hot water and inlet - for cold water. water. The heat exchanger is made of chrome-nickel fin. At the level of the top of the heat exchanger, there is a thermometer socket laterally in the housing. In each third of the housing and immediately next to its inner side, it is fixed, fixed horizontally, with one strip, to secure standard and additional measuring instruments. Each of the three strips is mounted so that it extends past the outlet and inlet side openings of every third of the housing.

All outlet and inlet openings of the housing are threaded connections designed to be connected to a water heating system in the vessel and to supply domestic hot water and heating water.

The local express water heater for domestic hot water and heating works as follows.

For heating only water for heating

Cold water for heating is supplied to

1110 Ul is the middle third of the housing through the hole that is connected to the aquifer. Through the pipe, water reaches the bottom bottom, and through the pipe gradually fills the housing and the top bottom. A heated antifreeze from a solar collector is fed to the vertical spiral through the inlet. Direct water is supplied directly into the lower third of the housing by hot water heated by an external heat source. This water is mixed with the supplied cold water for circulation in the enclosure. The water thus mixed is heated, if necessary, by an electric heater mounted on an electric heater sleeve. After giving off its heat, the water is discharged by means of an outlet for new heating from the external heat source. The heated heating water circulates into the interior of the enclosure and through the upper opening of the upper bottom, i. through the outlet for the steam installation, the heated water is supplied to the heating consumers.

For heating only drinking water

Drinking water enters through the hole at the bottom of the vertical spiral and ascends through the heat exchanger in optimal mode, as the hottest water is located in the upper third of the housing and moves downwards against the water in the heat exchanger. The heated drinking water flows through the outlet to the local domestic hot water network of the consumers.

For simultaneous local water heating and heating of drinking water

The heating water is supplied through the opening and through the pipe reaches the bottom bottom and gradually fills the housing and the top bottom. A heated antifreeze is applied to the vertical spiral, e.g. from a solar collector. Directly through an inlet in the lower third of the housing is supplied hot water from an external heat source boiler, fireplace, heat pump and others. This water is mixed with the cold water supplied for heating. If necessary, the mixed water is heated by an electric heater mounted on an electric heater sleeve. The mixed water passes through the central pipe in the upper third of the vessel and through the upper opening of the upper bottom - outlet for the steam installation, the heated water is supplied to the consumers for heating. Cold drinking water enters the lower part of the vertical spiral through the opening and ascends the heat exchanger in an optimum mode from the hottest water in the upper third of the housing, which moves downwards against the water in the heat exchanger. The thus heated drinking water enters the local domestic hot water network of the consumers through the outlet.

Benefits of utility model

The advantage of the utility model is that a heating vessel has been created for express local heating of water. The heating can only be for drinking water, only for heating water or for simultaneous local water heating and drinking water heating. Due to the rapid provision of hot water in the heating and DHW circuits, it is unnecessary for such a system to operate continuously or to be switched on in advance to provide hot water. In this way, the efficiency of the systems for simultaneous local water heating and domestic hot water heating is increased, while observing the sanitary requirements for the parameters of the heated water. Due to the flowability of the liquid, the entire water area inside the housing falls into heating mode, which prevents the formation of colonies of harmful microorganisms. The constant circulation of industrial water avoids the occurrence of dead zones, since all the water flows through the lower third and the lower bottom, where the coolant temperature is high enough and destroys the harmful microorganisms. The heat exchanger is made of a standard, chrome-nickel finned tube, which increases the efficiency. The additional internal coil of the tubular coil heat exchanger also contributes to the increase of active heat exchange. An active zone is created between the two spirals with an elevated temperature gradient, accelerated convection, and hence accelerated heating of the water around the spirals. If a finned tubular helical heat exchanger is used, the boiler efficiency is further increased. The advantage of the device is that the heat of the water in it increases from top to bottom, that is, back to 4 the now known heat.

Description of the attached figures

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the outer part of the device subject to the utility model;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the device.

Examples of implementation of the utility model

Example 1. Arrangement of a heating vessel for express local heating of water.

The heating vessel consists of a vertical cylindrical closed metal housing 1 with a bottom 2 and an upper 3 torospherical bottom, all with a thermal insulation shell 4. The upper bottom 3 in the middle has an outlet 5 for the heated water.

In the lower third of the enclosure there is a horizontal electric heater 6 and a tubular helical heat exchanger 7 whose ends 8 and 9 extend laterally through the housing 1. The upper end of the heat exchanger 7 has an inlet 9 laterally through the housing 1 for direct supply of heated antifreeze from an external heat source - solar collector, and the lower end has a terminal 8 for the removal of its already heat antifreeze to the solar collector. The heater 6 is mounted on a threaded sleeve 10. The heat exchanger 7 is supported by a vertically mounted carrier 11. The tubular helical heat exchanger 7 is made of a smooth-walled, standard, seam or seamless steel tube, uncoated, wound on the carrier 11. In one case, its surface may be ribbed, which is not shown in the figures. This third of the inner housing space is separated from the rest by a horizontally spaced metal barrier 13 to which two tubes 14 and 15 are mounted vertically. One tube 14 starts from an opening in the center of the barrier 13 and reaches about the middle of the upper torospherical bottom 3. of the heating vessel, with the diameters of the opening and the pipe 14 being the same. This tube connects the lower third with the upper part of the vessel in order to realize the principle of thermogravity. The second tube 15 is displaced laterally by the first 14, starting from an opening in the barrier 13 and ending around the middle of the lower torospherical bottom 2. The opening and tube 15 are of equal diameters. The socket 10 for the electric heater 6 is mounted directly below the metal partition 13. Side of the housing, in the upper part of the lower third, is an inlet 16 for direct supply of hot water, heated by an external heat source (boiler or fireplace), which water after giving its heat is discharged through terminal 17 for heating from an external heat source. In one case, an additional internal coil 12 is connected in the heat exchanger 7, connected in parallel with the main coil.

In the middle third of the enclosure space, towards the middle, above the barrier 13 is the cold water inlet 18 from the heating installation. The same installation is supplied with hot water from the outlet 5.

In the upper third of the interior housing is mounted horizontally a heat exchanger 19, representing a tubular spiral 20 wound on a supporting structure 21, with the ends 22 and 23 of the spiral 20 extending laterally through the housing 1 and correspondingly an outlet opening 22 for domestic hot water and an inlet 23 - for cold domestic water. In the tubular coil 20, pure water is flowing, which, after heating, is used for washing, bathing or, more generally, domestic hot water, or abbreviated DHW. The heating of this water itself is carried out by the heated water in the housing 1, which flows around the heat exchanger 19. The heat exchanger 19 is made of a chrome-nickel finned tube. At the level of the upper part of the heat exchanger 19, laterally in the housing 1 there is a socket 24 for a thermometer. In each third of the housing and adjacent to its inner side, one strip 25 is fixed and horizontally fixed to attach standard and additional measuring devices. Each of the three slats is mounted so that it extends along the outlet and inlet side openings of every third of the housing.

All outlet and inlet openings of the housing are threaded connections and are generally intended to be connected to a system for heating the water in the vessel and for supplying domestic hot water and heating water.

Example 2. Action of the heating vessel for express local heating of water for bi1110 U1 purposes.

The utility vessel for express local heating of domestic water subject to the utility model operates in the following ways.

Example 2.1. For heating only water for heating

The vessel 1 is filled with technical water through the inlet port 18 connected to the aquifer. The cold heating water enters the middle third of the housing 1. Through pipe 15 this water reaches the bottom bottom 2, fills it and the bottom third, and through pipe 14 gradually fills entire housing 1, incl. and the top bottom. A heated antifreeze from a solar collector is supplied through the inlet 9 through the vertical spiral 7. Hot water is fed directly into the lower third of the housing via the inlet 16 directly from an external heat source (eg boiler, fireplace, heat pump, etc.). This water is mixed with the cold water circulating in the enclosure for heating. The mixed water is then heated, if necessary, by an electric heater 6 mounted on the sleeve 10. The recovered heat from the external heat source is discharged through the outlet 17 for new heating from the external heat source. The heated heating water circulates into the interior of the enclosure and through the upper opening 5 of the upper bottom 3 - the outlet for the steam installation, is supplied to the heating consumers.

Example 2.2. For heating only drinking water

Drinking water enters through the hole 23 at the bottom of the vertical coil 20 and ascends through the heat exchanger 19 in optimum mode, since in the upper third of the housing 1 there is the hottest water that moves downwards against the water in the heat exchanger 19. The heated drinking water through the outlet opening 22 enters the local domestic hot water network of the consumers.

Example 2.3. For simultaneous local water heating and heating of drinking water

Cold water for heating is supplied through the opening 18 and through the pipe 15 reaches the bottom bottom, gradually filling the housing 1 and the upper bottom. A heated solar collector antifreeze is applied to the vertical coil 7. Hot water is supplied from the inlet 16 from an external heat source directly to the lower third of the housing 1. This water is mixed with the already supplied cold water for heating. If necessary, the mixed water is heated by an electric heater 6 mounted on the sleeve 10. The mixed water passes through the central pipe 14 into the upper third of the vessel and through the upper opening 5 of the upper bottom 3 the heated water is supplied to the consumers of heating. The cold drinking water through the hole 23 enters the lower part of the vertical spiral 20. Ascending the heat exchanger 19 is heated in optimal mode by the hot water present in the upper third of the housing 1, which moves downwards against the water in the heat exchanger 19 Thus, the heated drinking water through the outlet opening 22 enters the local domestic hot water network of the consumers.

Regardless of the type of heating required, the required water temperature is set by the user via thermal sensors mounted on the boiler moldings. All valves and pumps are controlled by a digital control unit, whose memory records the required temperatures by hours, days and months. These control units are standardized elements and are therefore not the subject of this utility model. The system itself is set up by a specialist, or possibly by the user, following the manufacturer's instructions. The inclusion of a given mode depends on the specific environment of the external atmospheric conditions and on the specific desire of the client-consumer of hot water from the heating vessel. The control unit has an electronic chip and at any time records where hot water is currently consumed and directs, exactly, to the heated water. Depending on the set temperature for each heated room and specifically measured, the control unit directs the heated water to those in which the temperature has dropped below the set temperature and reduces the flow of hot water in the rooms, which exceeded the entered one. In addition, the boiler, fireplace, solar collector, electric heater is switched on and off at different times, depending on whether the energy for heating is sufficient and whether the energy carrier is switched on at all. In summer, the fireplace and boiler do not usually work, and in winter the energy of the solar collector

1110 w is insufficient. This is precisely the value of local heating systems, widespread in more developed countries. Their cost-effectiveness and efficiency comes precisely from the fact that expensive energy is used to the maximum efficiency, by automatically incorporating only the heat consumers needed at the moment and operating only the heat carriers needed at that moment. If necessary, the entire heating system works with all its elements simultaneously.

Application of utility model

The heating vessel is applicable in open and closed system for heating and abstraction of domestic water - heating of water for the needs of hot water of single-family houses, as well as for residential blocks, small enterprises, factories, working on the principle of thermogravity.

Item description

- metal housing

- lower torospherical bottom

- upper torospherical bottom

- thermal insulation jacket

- outlet for heated water

- electric heater

- tubular spiral heat exchanger

- Outlet to the solar collector for its already warm antifreeze

- inlet for heated antifreeze from external heat source - solar collector

- heater sleeve

- supporting structure - carrier

- additional internal spiral

- central pipe

- tube displaced laterally

- hot water inlet from an external heat source - boiler, fireplace, heat pump

- outlet to an external heat source boiler, fireplace, heat pump

- cold water inlet from the heating installation

- heat exchanger

- tube coil

- a supporting structure

- outlet for domestic hot water

- Inlet for cold domestic water

- thermometer sleeve

- slats for mounting standard and optional measuring instruments

Claims

Claims (3)

A container for express local heating of water, consisting of a vertical cylindrical closed metal body with a lower and upper torospherical bottom, at the bottom of which is an electric heater, characterized in that the vertical cylindrical closed metal body (1) has a thermal insulation shell (4) and its lower (2) and upper (3) bottoms are torso spherical, with the upper bottom (3) in the middle having an outlet (5) for heated water and the lower third of the interior housing being horizontal electricity a heater (6) and a tubular helical heat exchanger (7) whose ends (8 and 9) extend laterally through the housing (1), with the upper end of the heat exchanger (7) having an inlet (9) laterally through the housing (1) for direct feed of heated antifreeze from an external heat source, and the lower end - terminal (8) for the removal of the already existing heat antifreeze to the solar collector, the heater (6) being mounted on a threaded sleeve (10) and the heat exchanger (7) supported by vertically positioned carrier (11), this third of the inner space being separated from the rest a section with a horizontally positioned metal barrier (13) to which two tubes (14 and 15) are mounted vertically fixed - one tube (14) starts from an opening in the center of the barrier (13) and reaches the middle of the upper torospherical bottom (3). the heating vessel and connects the lower third with the upper part of the vessel, the diameters of the opening and the pipe (14) being the same, and the second pipe (15) displaced laterally from the first (14), starting from an opening in the barrier (13) and ending at the middle of the lower spherical bottom (2), with the opening and the pipe (15) being the same diameter and its The heater (10) for the electric heater (6) is mounted directly below the metal barrier (13), with an inlet (16) for the direct supply of hot water heated by an external heat source and an outlet (17) for the removal of already distant heat. its heating water from the external heat source, and in the middle third of the interior housing, towards the middle, above the barrier (13), is the cold water inlet (18) from the heating installation, the same installation being supplied with hot water from the outlet ( 5), and in the upper third of the inner housing In this space, a heat exchanger (19) is mounted horizontally, representing 5 tubular spirals (20) wound on a supporting structure (21), the ends (22 and 23) of the spirals extending laterally through the housing (1) and correspondingly outlet ( 22) - for domestic hot water and inlet (23) - for cold water 10, there is a socket (24) for a thermometer at the level of the top of the heat exchanger (19) laterally in the housing (1), and in each third of the housing and immediately to its inner side, it is fixed fixedly and horizontally 15 by one strip (25) for closing its term of standard and additional measuring devices, wherein each of the three strips is mounted so that it passes by the outgoing and incoming side openings of each third of the housing. 2. A hot water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional internal coil (12) is connected in parallel to the main heat exchanger (7). 3. Express water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (19) is made of a chrome-nickel finned tube.