BG107431A - Installation for the separation of water and hydrocarbon emulsion - Google Patents

Abstract

The installation includes two columns (1, 2), the lower parts of which are connected to a column (3) for balancing the flow of hydrocarbons and water in them. In the middle part of the first column (1) a pipe connection (4) is mounted, under which a blind plate (5) is fitted. In the upper part of columns (1) a system of screen grating plates (7) is fitted, among which there is profile-filling (6), and in the uppermost part of column (1) a pipe connection (8) is fitted. Plate (5) is supplied with drop-like spilling system, around the spilling tube of which a coil (12) and a separation device (13) are fitted At specified height under the blind plate (5) a spillway pipe connection (11) is fitted, connected to a spillway tube to the middle part of the second column (2). Under the level of the spillway tube an analogic separation device (13) is fitted. In the upper part of column (2) a system of at least one profile-filling (21) and at least one screen grating plate (23) are fitted. The uppermost part of the second column (2) and the balancing column (3) are connected to the middle part of the first column (1) by means of pipe connections (18, 19). 4 claims, 4 figures

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to an installation for separating an emulsion from water and hydrocarbons for use in various fields of chemistry.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In “Processes and Apparatuses in the Chemical Industry”, DG Elenkov, Sofia 1970, Ed. "Technique", pp. 178 - 227 describes various types of emulsion separation apparatus: coolers, condensers, separators, centrifuges, sedimentation tanks, as well as petroleum-based, electrolysis and other emulsion separating apparatus water-hydrocarbons.

The disadvantages of these devices is the complexity of their design, the limitation of their use in continuous processes, the low efficiency and their high energy intensity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide an installation for the separation of water and hydrocarbons emulsion that can be used in continuous production to increase the efficiency and reduce the energy intensity of the process.

The objective was achieved by creating an installation for the separation of emulsion from water and hydrocarbons, which is characterized by the fact that it includes two columns, the lower part of which are connected by a column to balance the flows of hydrocarbons and water in them. In the middle part of the first column is mounted a spout, a boat which is located deaf plate. At the top of the first column is a system of sieve trays, between which is a profiled filler. A nozzle is mounted at the top of the column. The deaf plate is provided with a molding overflow

-2 • · · · A system around which an overflow pipe is fitted with a coil and a separation device. At a certain height, an overflow nozzle is connected below the blank plate, connected via an overflow pipe to the middle part of the second column. A similar separation device is located below the level of the overflow pipe. At the top of the second column is a system of at least one profiled filling and one sieve plate. The uppermost part of the second column and the balancing column are connected to the middle of the first column by nozzles.

It is advantageous for the separating device to have a cellular structure formed by S-shaped elements with overlapping arms.

It is also preferred that each sieve plate is provided with a support to which a perforated plate is attached, the perforation being made so that apertures at a certain distance from each other are obtained, whereby the walls of the apertures are arranged at an angle to the plane of the plate.

Suitably, the filler is formed as a package of vertically oriented perforated metal sheets arranged parallel and spaced apart.

The advantages of the installation according to the invention lie in its suitability for use in continuous processes. The installation provides an increase in efficiency and a reduction in the energy intensity of the process, since no devices requiring propulsion or high power consumption are used.

Description of the accompanying drawings

Figure 1 is a flow chart of an installation for separating an emulsion of hydrocarbons and water according to the invention;

Figure 2 illustrates how the element of the separating device is executed;

Figure 3 shows the structure of the sieve trays;

Figure 4 shows the structure of the profiled filler.

Examples of carrying out the invention

Installation for separation of emulsion from water and hydrocarbons (Fig.

1) consists of column 1, column 2 and column 3 balancing hydrocarbon and water flows in columns 1 and 2. In the middle of the first column 1 is fitted a spout 4, below which is a deaf plate 5. At the top of first column 1 is a system of sieve-grate plates 7, between which is a profiled filler 6. At the top of the column is mounted a nozzle 8. The deaf plate 5 is provided with a molding overflow system, around which the overflow pipe is located serpentine 12 and separating device 13. At a certain height under the deaf In addition, an overflow nozzle 11 is mounted on the plate 5, connected via an overflow pipe to the middle part of the second column 2. Under the level of the overflow pipe, an analogous separation device 13 is located. In the upper part of the second column 2 there is a system of at least one profiled filling 21 and one sieve plate 23. The uppermost part of the second column 2 and of the balancing column 3 are connected to the middle part of the first column 1 by nozzles 18 and 19.

The separating device (Fig. 2) has a cellular structure formed of S-shaped elements 24 with overlapping arms 25.

Each sieve plate (Fig. 3) is made of a support 26 on which a perforated plate 27 is fastened, the perforation being made so that apertures 28 located at a certain distance from each other are obtained. The walls 29 of the apertures 28 are angled with respect to the plane A of the plate 27.

The filling (FIG. 4) may be provided as a package of vertically oriented perforated metal sheets 30 arranged parallel and spaced apart.

The operation of the installation according to the invention is as follows:

Non-condensed fractionated gases enter through the nozzle 4 in the middle of column 1 and pass through a layer of liquid on a blank plate 5 to partially condense. The rest of the gases are cooled and condensed by the profile filling system 6 and the sieve plates 7 located at the top of column 1, such as

-4 • ·

the non-condensable gases through the nozzle 8 from the top of column 1 go for further processing.

The level of the liquid on the blank plate 5 is maintained by means of a molding overflow system (bell), with excess fluid entering the lower part of column 1. In the lower part of column 1, heating is performed by means of a snake 12 and separation of water from hydrocarbons by a separating device. 13, resulting in a concentration of more than 70% of the hydrocarbon phase.

The sieve trays 7 located at the top of the column serve as drop arresters, preventing the entrainment of the liquid phase together with the gases.

The excess of hydrocarbons via the overflow nozzle 11 enters the column 2. The excess water is automatically discharged into the circulating water collector through the nozzle 14 on column 1 and the nozzle 16 on the column

3. Nozzles 9 and 10 are spare.

Column 2 is intended for the final separation of hydrocarbons from water. Separation is carried out by means of a similar separating device 13 as in column 1, located at the bottom of the column and operating on the principle of reciprocating (pulsating) movement of the mixture of hydrocarbons and water, whereby the water content is reduced to less than 2-4% , its final removal is done in horizontal and vertical tanks (tanks).

The effective separation of the emulsion from water and hydrocarbons is due to the effect of lamination of the flows passing through the fillers 6, 21, the sieve trays 7, 23 and the separating device 13.

Evaporation gases in columns 3 and 2 through the top of columns and nozzles 18 and 19 enter the middle of column 1 for further condensation.

Excess water is automatically taken to drainage through a nozzle

17. Fitting 20 is spare.

Column 3 is a balancing vessel between Column 1 and Column 2, with water exiting the nozzle 14 of column 1 entering through the nozzle 15 in the middle.

of column 3 and from the bottom of the latter through a nozzle 16 is connected to the bottom of the column 2 by a nozzle 17.

The effect of this counterbalancing vessel 3 is to achieve uniform operation (laminar fluid flow) of column 1 and column 2, as well as to prevent hydrocarbons from entering the drainage stream.

Claims (4)

Patent Claims An installation for separating an emulsion from water and hydrocarbons, characterized in that it comprises two columns (1, 2), the lower part of which is connected by a column (3) to balance the flows of hydrocarbons and water therein, as in the middle part of the first column (1) is fitted with a spout (4), under which is located a blank plate (5), in which at the top of the first column (1) there is a system of sieve-grid plates (7), between which a profiled filler (6) is located, and a nozzle (8) is mounted in the upper part of the column (1), with the deaf plate (5) provided with a molding overflow system, around which a coil (12) and a separating device (13) are arranged over the overflow pipe, and an overflow nozzle (11) connected by a overflow pipe to the middle part of the second is mounted at a certain height below the blank plate (5). a column (2), under which a similar separating device (13) is located below the level of the overflow pipe, and a system of at least one profiled filling (21) and at least one sieve grid is housed at the top of the second column (2). plate (23), being the uppermost part of the second column (2) and of balances ashtata column (3) are connected to the middle part of the first column (1) via orifices (18, 19). Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating device (13) has a cellular structure formed by co-shaped elements (24) with overlapping arms (25). Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each sieve tray (7, 23) is made of a support (26) on which a perforated plate (27) is fixed, the perforation being made such that openings (28) are obtained at a certain distance from each other, whereby the walls (29) of the openings (28) are at an angle to the plane (A) of the plate (27). • · Installation according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the filling (6, 21) is formed as a package of vertically oriented perforated metal sheets (30) arranged parallel and spaced apart.