BE732848A - - Google Patents

Description

  

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  Improvements in gas purification.



   The present invention relates to the separation of carbon dioxide from a gas mixture. This separation is required on a large scale in many = Industrial processes, for example in the manufacture of lighting gases from liquid fuels, in that of mixtures rich in hydrogen by the Fiscner-Tropsch synthesis process in the synthesis nethhnol by the Oxo process, in the preparation of hydrogen for the synthesis of ammonia or for hydrogenation reactions; the processes generally implemented comprising a partial oxidation of solid, liquid or gaseous fuels, or

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 
 EMI2.1
 tré.l1: ee; 1cr} "? r: t1: :::.; S :: t 1) l: iC11J: = C:. ;;;

   ì, at ± 2 ± -l Ç ± 1, b5% Qi É 7, .. "..,, i;, ni>. riani 4 'é D #. ¯", ^ du i Y, - cù:, -'- '"" emo' <P:. <r being t 8: ii reactivate., n c2'â, '-. 3M <"rr gas to water ..: 4'à'n desires s' get that de'l '.' Rdrt # g7.ew In all the above operations, we end up with a crude gaseous product which contains a for4, the proportion of carboz: ic gas, aéraéraleuent 1e 1 ' o = -d # e from 15 to 35% and that "1l raut l2j = Iner before using the pralait. It can also be noted that nvreuses layers of erased gas, - 1 - contain high proportions of carbon dioxide, for example from 10 to 65%, and that it is advisable to carry out a partial purification so that
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 the gas obtained may be suitable for practical applications.
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  In some cases :, and for example in the production of hydrogen with a view to the th6tious manufacture of anzoniac, it is necessary to lower the concentration of carbon dioxide to very low values, of the order of of a few mil3bnièxes,, 1.; ot ';': Pf: ;; see 1 Hydrogen thus purified in the devices of; V :: i'tl,, ;;. The 1 çr ;. 1. more: economical to achieve this elimination .i::, z. > ¯! tr, - f r en. . ; F'.2.sf's' 7oir une father!: 11è at # -.?;: "- .., t,:; <= this repairs ..2. :: la.Jure; ar - :. u ;; : unwanted gas,> * a = r 't1n "-', of Cl: ;; eo'T'titup a final thorough purification po'cjr 'limit.,. 3-:.! t3idus until leaving only the few 10- leseses perzsib1e.
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  A procedure that is currently used on a large
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 scale to ensure: 'massive el1 # Íat1on of carbonic gas Msiste to wash the gaseous r2n which contains it by means of J <: 1 ± vtinns of caibxnaie i a'C3'asSi: e In a method of this =:'. lJ7 'JJtilia "t1on 9, to interfere' - and which presents the advantage of high thermal returns ee. -'E rr1s d'sta: lat1o reeuits.,
 EMI2.6
 the apparatus comprises an absorption stage in which the gas
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 ut is contacted with an aqueous support of carbonate of po- s1 at a pressure above atmospheric pressure.

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  ; 'f ..:. ;: '., - / J r: - ",;> t: .J1 of the 2nd while 3t3S â.11 eta3.



  2t, 1.'¯e.> 'Ow ..M r; 1.e iecér, er; iioi ;, the carbon dioxide thus absorbed Jrt eliminates from the solution at atmospheric pressure, the two "" these functioned in the immediate vicinity of the point of the boiling point: f '::::' :: ' 7- "::::;. 1u ::> n under this last pressure. Because the 'receded in t1ues (.: Essentially isothermal .. that! The i..ized solution is not #or. s alternating heating and cooling between the two floors, so that noticeable heat savings are made.

   We still benefit from others
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 rantages: leupparei'i-lage does not include heat exchanger; i can remove refrigerants and water consumption from âa.süssee yt "¯OTh ;; spondante, or at least reduce 1> important- the dimensions of the secondary fear production boilers for the regeneration tower can be reduced by produces the greatest amount of live steam likely to be
 EMI3.3
 Allowed without causing excessive dilution of the solution of = age.

   The process in question is often called the hot potassium onate process because of its particular characteristic that the washing operation is carried out at the boiling temperature of the solution at pspherical pressure, or at least in the immediate vicinity. A description of this literature can be found in US Pat. No. 2,886,45 issued May 12, 1959 to Homer Tenson and Joseph E. Field.
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  The aforementioned 1sotbeique process is particularly suitable for carrying out economically the removal of the part of carbon dioxide from a mixture of gases containing large quantities, until one is obtained. product in which the residual content of said gas is normally about 1 to 2% by volume under the operating conditions. However we are looking more and more nowadays

 <Desc / Clms Page number 4>

 
 EMI4.1
 he has, é ± ±. F # 1 = E: 1? '1 ";? Il é->' =;" 1 J lô 'in gas {: b.': '.;:' :: 2 a. due 2 .:;: -; ' 1 .. "'<" ...... '' "..



  , t: J, I;, .. r - '' '' l '' 'r!' 1} '> ..,' ... t ': -, t! ..' 1?), f ( ,, ": - r'r 's = i: l ...."':. '; ...... ± ,. t: J; Jj' 2 RS, ax - 0.1 .¯. .E .., ¯,, s: $.;. A, ...., ....,.,.,. ¯ ï: i .ï :..: '.' Eens 4 "'i. .vs,
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 [1: io%: 2 :, 2. ... ::::. t'x '. "" 8'!, ''. 'f .. 4y..c: .s..s ..., "... m.; .- dA OE & 0 # .w = h = ¯ 1 .- ± .ift: 1J; - "4 'OE, oO- OO, P <' Ço0 '' 'i.' '' Q '' -0 fi'Q0Ô 'g" "?" T ". t ..: J ...... "N!",.!. J- t: J "!" "" ': i $: ",? q,.; w 6:; ..." f > - "" f ...., 'J] "" I: t' ',, - t ::' '' '' '>:' 101-} 1 "/ '" oft ..3r; 3, at ;; & f '': '' 0 '::: .. ;; .. ,,,. ::; .? lrz, 1,% was a c1.ei.; r of for example :: .vA: ", t: ± .lise to .5.a tt:; i no, J w; '..% â .Sw., O - .. âü; .s Î .. "41.ini # atio = a -s .., 'rs. w '.7 de' se {O "'' 'lt'S: 1';. 'x:., r, .3: v¯p., e''r' .. û: '. di15: sisters cO: -: Gi 4; z'Ó 1.ed "Q price: .., e" "," ".,. -4.,, -, .-; e = a v A ..: t .u '. ., '. c ie. lrLÂR .... w .., .n..w6a 4 .. ° K 'L' y EA an 'i .:

   ex. "" "'.6'u S- end in â51 à7Ô5Éàli 1 * l'i% -OEi ±' µ2 - 1; .ÀIÀSRôÉOà% f S hfiG & Î jtsl.% 5 - Îfi des '' 9is9ë" w É "fi + q yaH: .- J '.' "s' o. >,,, j # "f '; 1 ±. j.-' R 'o, j, operate dt!: n the ss 5oma.1z1e us.' ';. l of res.;,. t1r1. -ß % ".. z, .. '.,.' '' 'p & r 9; la, R: lt., C .. # ...", .....: "...; d 'PV i2 b r:'., = :, ...... -. lower the pressure $ "lb." ",,,,,,, & ..-. 1 \ V 'in the gas .t..l'Ii.A4-.a..J. to $ ^ Cî. .tia, .. t.! -. 4., 4.b ;; z:. ,, -. \ &! I w ... ôr,: a .î.'rêi.û s: ëd 201 1 sJuv # i-ac> 3ne à 7J / '2. nt' ü w .... 'lùss iàié <elr 20 J g, cm -t often :: Ie: J.6 Ag CJ1 To fix the lt: i, es .,. "" .i ax-e:! 1pler in your gas,% t 3â id 'É = SI? being under a pressure ........, 2 and J' "1 1 ze; e = zr "" 1 '\, LtL' "'' ''"!: / '.:'. 'i "' Jans which leader CO ee abais.



  .1% .g "- '" 1- partial 4th c & last is 2l g / ...........



  "" ,,:; -... ',; <1 "' '' ''" 1t "'-'. T" "" '. ::, s <; 1.i # tion of 1 "' ' '' '' '' O'e - "" --.....: i ls, - ;. y, ". ,. ,, ", ¯.,. L .... 7" '' "," to lower 1, a G 'Fimâ: xf3i: final, :: .. oe ",, \' 1 (2 '' ;, "laughs.: iU: 'ê ::, 1 .. weak s <> vzt notable" 1ent increased p2 le t! <'.,. r. "#: tre-pr. # zi-1-ne '4sW gas above the solution tS ..: iANF.:.) a.1 "t:;.; :::. èr '. :::: e: t in the C', $ where this this is> .ie. # e-rp4z + *, -; reach its acspheal boiling point st eonsiâ4 # .a bInrr = i; t pbis 41evée than that which will be exerted above, U: '> a $, - :: 1 "; ::, t1c. cold.

   However, for all tC: Jprtu.re d4teTaiaee 19at.ai5sement final :. 1J: 'one can obtain for the cu "gas eoncentration" good: l \ it1e + es "1. lf.1n e! 1.ndv. :. eterniné by the pressure ar:; J.elle I: 'P é; ili1:; rf of this gas above the regenerated se.u ^ 3 that f.' 4 9 soi = Jeit de lfta05cber $ l3a partial pressure of CO in the gas exited by the aforementioned so-set cannot
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 EMI4.4
 soladys q the pressure prti: 1;, .. ": 4 '". â Lti'ë?' above 1 &

 <Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 
 EMI5.1
 - 1 1, ", g: b #"; i 1.-. ; > .- E i; "'' -: .. c s rpo s i ti. on of" ''.-r-, .. t v =; "exti & 3." 51 practice dail3.srs "?,, ..I" - '. 1': '.;' = <> 1. => 1. i, 'ié 7 µ1> ,? e r;

   4 ;. '. itnl2re the two pressin.s. i n t, 1. 1, 1. r: ...... '.' -sr.7 '1 effort of,'. 2r G '' 3 L ..u.,, L ..,. -.y ie 1 S at. sc r¯p tion of s one of -i-fl lr.s 9 :: 's "" .. u ...., ".." o .. "' fP lc partial ±. equilibrium CD- 'il . '' a ': 3i 7.a, s> 1 :: & = 1 .z =; rigén Î-è in turn depends on âC: .r.3. "A from w" ¯?' sgcnr. -.tt3c, c. =: i-à- "iir de la Nesure in which sa -" r 't $ r.rj 6 ..H .. lowered t6 <w .13 KGL4f with'? = per 1.. .. î, r, n ds .p> ±, ± + - 7-. p = p.,,: i5'i3? eductlo3 corres? c '. "ear', t l -.'-.- r m ... ^. >. t r 'i.' aâr6D de? & t? '- "' .-. Pressing ç> aI = #. i # î-1.e '; ¯. # i' l '1 #:. = - .3ra.,' ts, ' za ti- T i J 5 t i1P.13i Lau .. "1's" afn ..; 1 '.. i .oe # ">' 'at t6. E is Ô 'x5; ±. '"-:' 'r4'e., ±% t that ss
 EMI5.2
 -: =. <. j ': re r.'j? : # i = 3 ..

   (c''e'st-3-dir '' '". 4.iË, N' â d ': é.;' 4.'3I '" er â' 'en, .. "-.'- bc .Late) 9 sot eà.l * - .; ùéra = # weaker. Bîr-- b4 is Ëst. $ Ni, G.LÇ9x ''.
 EMI5.3
 
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  , = zé. =.? possible -leave ¯9 vale.ùi: .ê..i é the content of 1. "'z ..:' ¯.Y.3 r & enrë s 'C # g (and by ..' z: s?: ai ',. y': eIn bicarbonate of in x .. ,, ê¯O'¯ 'R, sa2, fJi ds the vapor under 1-elegant condi- tions and consequently ubteniy tcute? -R * was desired for The zx #.:; S gaseous at the outlet of the appliance quantity of steam to be used to produce scluls which are so perfectly regenerated quickly becomes excessive because it is increasingly difficult to remove new
 EMI5.5
 amounts of carbon dioxide as the bicarbonate content
 EMI5.6
 potassium decreases progresslvemert ee z.



  The invention is based on the finding that the addition to the potassima carbonate ion eonluy4 in the above-described cyclic isotifl60ealque washing process of small quantities of an etholaaine, in particular of diethanolaaine, spoils e2, trarin & ireNent effective for lower total quantity

 <Desc / Clms Page number 6>

 
 EMI6.1
 The heat necessary for the implementation of the egg #, J proceeds, when the partial release of carbon dioxide into the treated gas must be
 EMI6.2
 lowered to below about ICÛ g / c :: J.2.

   Etinenoianin thus ionized activates the solution in a way, to a degree that
 EMI6.3
 It has not been possible so far to fully understand what makes it capable of absorbing new quarters of CO 2 even under low residual partial pressures, without the need for extensive regeneration.



   As will be explained in more detail below, the improvements can be considered quite unexpected.
 EMI6.4
 'required by the addition of lezlanolamine during the washing of a gas to obtain a residual CO2 content of as low their. First of all, this addition only has a relatively
 EMI6.5
 Ib1. on the thsr-1 yield when the pressure distributed? 3e C32 in the purified gas is greater than about 100 gtc # 2; in consequently would not allow to predict the 8!: lé11orao: s 3ucoup p. '., MS Erprlttantes obtained for lower values TO: rt? Ülle ".: .. -. zetnond place these selections cannot; q: .l1tp.r sr?, S!: - "'"; by an increase in the absorption rate #igil taaf ;; <z .3xi.t of dt ß'Y2 = = 'N' - .. L. Rt'i'i which you would like to #etti *. P => ;;

    = s; r dav> nG gi ± rzncen tr - t. <#i. to "àqwi- ':? e"! ::. t rc.,: t ,, fr daV -'; Lnt.f.:;: {;; . s: y.acnt! '. (; r 1. ".z: ui-: t: 1? - d1 (;: 1., rem = ', 3.'" 4is 'is.', "" '^ ... .. ^' # . '., above:; mli, 1, zratians û3f ..R'Sm N 4 "= v ..': ljd rec a. tr ... r tsG c 4.'eLnAÂ Sli. Td a.rd.üü equi- r .. ¯'g ", 1 1 <? lHci .. en peet4t ii .mne àtédnccion J-'r-ytas.t -ii =? -r '" sse. "' aticr T <rt, to: ella 5th #e ss pcsy ua @ r taLD 1t- -.> 4. (: .... 01- 7. r- c- a 0 r 7 -Jy'ts'. r "iF <.:. "e For C.âa r 'ie 1 ,.' ^", .ï, .a: i> f ::, ôs ... 'âb' i ie ..) t.as ...



    @
 EMI6.6
 : ln 1..evë> <2 6 t '? 3 E, 1 "", "J rr t; xz # <.:, 6.- o- -s.dso -., A - 7- 3, -2, r ::, j ... ¯u - l} .: r ': 1;,; - 1: \, 1:' "t ,, ¯ '7, -; <'" ,, 1:;. - w '".1 .. ± .f 4..w¯ -1 1- "11 ---, -

 <Desc / Clms Page number 7>

 
 EMI7.1
 I at? Abai5ē dB partial pressure at $ equ1l1bre of C02. The displacement f8 "Jo: - 'blt9 of the equilibrium by addition of dehanolamine is in turn contrary to what could be expected from it given that the partial equilibrium ssions of CO2 above solutions
 EMI7.2
 \ :::: - .. of ethanclasin at high absorption temperatures used 1 sen ';

   even stronger than those raised in solutions of potassium carbonate with a C02 content Jcu17Gl.ente. mc the addition of ethan, lamiae senb3erai t Itor: nally, ever the equilibrium partial pressure of C4, rather than lowering it.



  The enloli can, in any case, be well understood using the following description and the attached drawing, which description and drawing are, of course, given mainly for information.
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  Figure 1 m - n-re schematically a form of ": cJcut1on deferment of the invention.



     Figure 2 graphically represents the effect obtained
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 .. la \ :: onsomn1: ltlon of steam by adding small amounts of d1p.tAnola1a to a solution of potassium carbonate at various partial pressures of carbon dioxide in the ified gas.



   Figure 3 shows another graph indicating what the gain in steam consumption is achieved when reading an active solution instead of an inactive solution, depending on the residual concentration of carbon dioxide in the purified gas.
 EMI7.5
 



  In 11nstaJ.lat1on scbt1.quE. represented in figxJ e 1,: i ax 4ron use f'sr2e d'e.s'éetijT. p1'ferred from 1 # 'invent1cil ;, i * to bÎXJt e: -. 4,3.SGf "; <9 4v? f'4-Cn.: 4ktZ.Vi2G esl ar.xL4; o P4:' la canalisa 50n.



  <r '1. b;> t G? -x-> e c>; aù-rze d <sE'sar? tl .T. If- 1 * 1, x.xr * * l? Sçsi - 4, .., - I.n't "., J'i. & .F ..." cv!:. "....- l "" ':. {: WA.Js.J't. ".. w .'- ..' ::,; 'tc. e \ i ..:.,. 2'r '' '"!:' - ;;" T "WT: .Cz, .. cr" g3.t, f '::,.; tC c- m, 'i,:' '.: from' S'Ca °: â ". 1g% to its ± -.30R ,," ;; '-

 <Desc / Clms Page number 8>

 
 EMI8.1
 in the upper part by the,; <",, ±! .1 ';; s'J ... 4,., .... 3. this b> .. z' .. r, b .'5.? E be constituted by a tower lavae-e against # court & nt. 2 :::.



  1ruporte q .- * l type, likely to me l2SST e.s inti # i contact between the solution used and 1s gas mixture to be purified. It contains in the zone P .. figured with cross hatching, means suitable for making the aforementioned int1ce contact. For example the zone P 3CTtt to receive a suitable stuffing material, such as lambs of i, nsch $ g of the bodies of Berl or roof other type of padding capable of exposing a large liquid surface to the gaseous current which rises in the mass in the opposite direction to the descent of the washing solution. It is also possible to use in the zone P devices other than materials. paddling, noted trays equipped with paddling caps, or
 EMI8.2
 more generally all other nuclei ensuring intimate contact between gas and liquid.



   The absorption column 2 operates above atmospheric pressure; its operating pressure is at
 EMI8.3
 mc:.;: ':: "5" - 1, ecm2 and preferably more than 7 kb / C! J.12. For y '1.is #: ... to good: returns ::: 1 [t the partial pressure of carbon dioxide <z; .. <...:;.' ^ Absorb it? must è1, .1 'd- Eoins 1 8s and prefer-
 EMI8.4
 - ¯ .. assay 2 kg / cs. 5 # zml 'a p2'lp &; tl of 4'U applications .:'; r5, .. <r: - -:: 2or :: ô.lre en .: û .. 'ai.1r' la. Total Prussian d = -ng Á .....,., ;; .. D ::. it "1 '- rZ. n't ..: 1: -:.: a ç,.;, \:", .. 1 15 to .4? <? ' i ± g: m 2 .. ta.nc1i s that 1 & "4" "'...- ;;) iC'. t â.". Y. 11 .; c.; l "lÎ *, '' i, 1 .. fl ,. v ... ¯:, '..' ': r :: é: ::' 1.1.2e 2 ': 1ZÙZ bm; t. ..- ¯;, ", - e ¯é, '- ¯" #; J a 1 "1 1 =' é 1 E Ji 1. t Yr !:

   A: .. éÊ ± 1 '± 1 ¯ .¯ .....,.: N. -: - '.. -sO "'. ::: f1 \ '1 ¯. ::' B <:!:: 1:" 1r: .t '"!' :: 1- ±: la ;; t.: '..... ".; <:' '<.. ¯",,. "¯,'" '¯; r #, e; "'." "'.' u. 13zà Î; iz ..; :. (h.ri ':': rji C ± 1.; .. -A- 'ù..; rf ...:', ..- t "2. '\ ..' ¯ ¯f? d 'fo 1 l? ± 1 a 1 eZ t = r :. <.:. 4 = p' '-.: ,,:,.:. "²'2':";:;. ".:,; - :! Z- <. ', .S :: dG..l: =' t 1?.



  <''; =,,:> c .... '"4 0,' ¯ '" lô2' '' l ".- :." "', - ¯ 0- g' -r-.,: .- :." : .. ":, ..: ¯; ..: .- '" -4' 7 :: - - w ... "

 <Desc / Clms Page number 9>

 
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 ., t '".-, -'5": - t? can. be cneed in the top of fabsorber pt la v 4S i '3 .4 .... a # C.'. AYw. bC (,.,. 6. The purified fas leaves the refrigerant ni condenser 3 .aF the # anal.isaion 7 to go to the devices of use.



     After having thus flowed into the absorber against the current with respect to the ascending gas flow, the potassium carbonate solution containing the CO2 absorbed is extracted from the bottom of the column via line 8, can be brought into the top of a second column 9, or regeneration column at the
 EMI9.2
 vapor after passing through a pressure valve 10 in which its pressure drops substantially to atmospheric pressure. Due to this decrease in the pressure exerted on the solution,

   a fraction of absorbed CO2 is immediately released from it with a little water vapor at the inlet of color 9. The solution then flows into the latter.
 EMI9.3
 at ccnLre-current relative to the vapor injected or produced in the lower part of said column, this vapor removing a new quantity of CO 2 from the solution. The steam mixture
 EMI9.4
 water and W 2 sinri released is e3inL so :: met from the column 'by a pipe; t30n 11.

   It passes through a condenser 12 to 1-linear, from which a sufficient quantity of vapor is condensed to maintain the desired quantity of water in the system, the condensate thus obtained being returned to the top of the column by the
 EMI9.5
 line 13. This is eliminated by line 14! - 'gaseous effluent dn: ond¯-.ser effluent which is mainly constituted by! 3 C02 * The xoe? from 1s. column 9 figai = éf using cycisé.s. eai. equipped G> ixrge 1a * tiers of appropriate bcurrage,
 EMI9.6
 ell w ie-: 1 \,) .. tl te 1'i- R: 1z de "': 4 etU de tl: 1: ¯ ..' '' '" -' ';' .- '3': : .. ''. "'::.

   G.t3 ^ a. c Â-r .. x, .â¯% 3 CBUX 3ë - z- Zr-: -Q ['2 ";.:: 1.rt:; -" .-' i:.: ': - ;: "'\:. ::: :-(: -.- :;" ": :(":; - "::'; :: -? '> -, - -" -: f :. :) .-; tl;?! i

 <Desc / Clms Page number 10>

 descending and the gaseous flowed ascending- The water vapor located
 EMI10.1
 can be obtained directly or indirectly; one can also use: a combination of the two means-.

   In other words, this vapor can be produced at the bottom of the column, for example by using a vaporization coil 15 which indirectly heats the solution until it boils; as a variant, live steam can be directly injected into this solution, or again, if preferred, the steam can be produced by a combination of the coil and the injection device, the choice between these different means being imposed by practical considerations, such as the pressure of
 EMI10.2
 steam available, the 1ntln the amount of ean, 3in the system etc.



   The regenerated solution which drips down the bottom of the column 9 and whose CO2 content is low, is discharged through the line 16 to be returned to the top of the absorption column by the circulation pump 17 and the pipe. 3.



   In the implementation of the two stages proceed
 EMI10.3
 , Fbsorn.,. > and regeneration work substantially at sierse t.-eaturep namely v :)): 5inc.:.-e from the boiling point <5 'r solt1o l atmospheric pressure, without taking place e Drocédc ? heating or at rf = fi ± 3à-sse = -e = -t nctaL this solution between the two stages- In this regard, the method - differentiates from 3 '.. "-; ,:. t, "¯ usual classical process in which 'absorption s" e: rfc7:'. l S te = ', irr t:'. 1re xr <= 1-tiveuen = basses,? 51n .. ou5 1 = ? 'generation.;. r realled 1.? a E ':' ". '?"' :: t. $ 'c .33 ". has a solution.

   In 'iernlùr ":' i. '" La. ol \ .1 ': 1ç "1. e15t .i; 1 to. teri: éa ,. is¯'.i; at cz-rt7flM. = e ± ri #, c". ,.,.-....-. 1 ",,.: <" ".-.- stagor
 EMI10.4
 l î'12.: i ci, :::.; .. '?;: "as clrl, .-,', ''} .. 1-.:--:':.!-:, a, . '.. ¯ ..... ±: -, -, 1-,, -;: $ 1; r ±. Ta'; ' \:, t .: fJr:; -1'ev: .. :: ......... ".: 7" - ,, "cc

 <Desc / Clms Page number 11>

 
 EMI11.1
 ';;: 1?:;:' Fag <=.;. ,, té r¯c. - ,, x.i.x '? â Y in the regeneration column.

   In i fo :. iPe5 :: utÜ;,; :: of figure 1 it will be noted that the solution is not) u: n1se at no cooling el! 'be the regeneration column 9; the absorption column so -t'elia enters the pt1 ::. o.te- of this last at a temperature close to its 'boiling point' y'R under atmospheric pressure- However, although the fiax steps must operate in substantial- int 1sot :: er; nical conditions, can admit m; slightly cooled solution between the regeneration column and the absorption column, this cooling being even desirable in some cases.

   The overall cooling of the solution should, however, generally not exceed about 15 ° C. during the passage of this material between the regeneration column and the absorber column, it being noted that a greater cooling would tend to lower the efficiency considerably. thermal feeling of the process.
 EMI11.2
 rsqu'on must thus achieve a certain refrcidisseaent of the ution, instead of lowering very little the temperature;

  ali ty of this, it is generally more advantageous to act more boldly on a fraction only, for example to bring said fraction to 20 to 40 below the temperature
 EMI11.3
 at the exit of the regeneration column, having roin quearr% es ange da the fraction cooled with the uncooled -Traction, the temperature of the assembly has not dropped by more than approx. The cooled fraction of the solution is then introduced into the upper part of the absorption column while the
 EMI11.4
 ee with liquid stream, subst2.11leUe.cnt uncooled. penetrates; this column in us intermediate point.

   This fs-con of 'E:, 6r con'tr'fÏ1'ile the partial pressitn of C02 in ut of 1 $ aal: ßee; r tC: .1t in eon> ervant substsntielleaeat concedes xon C2çere that' 'y " 73 ¯ 1 .. 2:; = 1 # n- # zs Q .. $ <ge1tÉr $? TioI: à Steam works

 <Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 at or near atmospheric pressure, the temperature of the solution at the bottom of this column corresponds to the normal boiling point of this solution (that is, the boiling point at atmospheric pressure), or is extremely close to it.



    As it may be desirable in some cases to operate
 EMI12.1
 the column of? age:) eratipn under pressures slightly lower or slightly higher than the acnospheric pressure, and cor on the other hand the normal boiling point of the solution varies to some extent depending on the concentration of potassium carbonate used, the temperatures recorded at the bottom of said column can vary between 95 C and 140 C. However, in most cases they are established between 105 and 120 C.



   Although the concentration of the potassium carbonate wash solution is not critical at all, it is
 EMI12.2
 preferred to enpicy.'r relatively centered solutions. s8vQ1r f.:ns which the concentration corresponds to 3 to 11 times, # 3 ot preferable;: emt 4 to 8 times .. In other words - "# '. tTeticn in oi6 of potassium carbonate can vary Si # t 5Ds, = t preferably between.% and 40% (the values) "::) 1; t2t keyed in that all the potasslun is t1 auùe x0tis the carbonate forze).



  I2an5 1 & funct: 1on, ;;:; e: 1t. of the above method, the p.ù # + 1 = é e, 4 'gas d-being 01' terr-e, evaluated er. tem1 1 '± 1, imir;. "fiT.; ça: r c: -1"!:! o: 1.:' 1. ': e. 3é> en-l of 1: ". Press partial '-puiliî: y et4 e"; d - c1:; iH -Ç'? '- ;; SCf of le t; olv' tien qui: ;;: & 2ètr ! Ù.n the n8-0, "> '= 3abi.; U F>,: -0."': "Ja: 7 lue- t. Dine =, - 5i (i.:3 de. #,> ôer.n ri 1 '<ri: # -f'iuT ui s'à. ra, = ut: and
 EMI12.3
 "'.: 1 f:' ..... to. 1" Ar, .., "., Q ii ': 1',, ',; * - p ... c. ..... ¯ ..j ..... ¯rt. '' 4 Se- L '"" r1'.r \ ......' ";; '. r .. de: 91-'e". 1, <, ± ""; ' 5 = 1 "..> l J, ti;, <<.i, L 1 ib j $ w ... from '-': n: F .. ':-(. Ï ..' # J5 7> ^ z'a ¯ <# + <r 1 - 1;

   G 2 Q; ¯: ¯k:! +, 4 .rlna "'..: g?' É +?> T 1e there teD n "^ b, i .¯ i '?. ;: r ..- .. -: - ::: 1 (: ;;: t4

 <Desc / Clms Page number 13>

 last During the absorption reaction, potassium carbonate is transformed into bicarbonate according to the following formula
 EMI13.1
 
In the steam regeneration stage, where the CO2 is removed from the solution, the reverse reaction takes place, the potssirm bicarboact being transformed into carbonate according to the formula:
 EMI13.2
 
Inside the absorber, not all of the potassium carbonate is converted into bicarbonate and, likewise, in the regeneration column it is not all of the bicarbonate which is returned either. in the carbonate state.



  Consequently, the absorber is supplied with a solution which is relatively rich in carbonate and poor in bicarbonate, but which is gradually enriched in the latter as it descends to the corresponding column. Conversely, in the steam regeneration column, the feed is ensured by a solution rich in bicartenate and which is progressively enriched in carbon as the carbon dioxide is present gradually. eliminated.



   Although in theory the content of potassium bicarbonate can be lowered to as low a value as can be desired by increasing for this purpose the action of the vapor on the solution and / or by carrying out this action under lower conditions. energetic, 1 as the bicaronate content drops, it becomes. more er more difficult to extract more CO2 to reduce the aforementioned content.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 14>

 In general it is not. not possible in practice to regenerate the solution until a bicarbonate coefficient (1) of less than 20% is obtained;

     usually this coefficient does not drop below 30%. For bicarbonate coefficients of this order of magnitude in the regenerated solution and for temperatures
 EMI14.1
 absorption normal, of the order of 105 to 115 ° C., the partial pressures of equilibrium above the aforementioned solution are of the order of 40 to 100 g / cm2. It is of course not possible in practice to lower the concentration of CO2 in the purified gas to the above equilibrium values and consequently the concentration at the outlet is notably higher, for example of the order of 85 to 175 g / cm2.



   In accordance with the invention, the above difficulties relating to the washing of the gas with hot solutions of potassium carbonate are eliminated, until low residual pressure3 of CO2 is obtained while maintaining good thermal yields,
 EMI14.2
 by adding to this 1'j "and to the solution small quantities' é '. aano'axis' it suffices to do this small proportions of this body, about 0.3 to 10% oiJs of scluti-nx the content ô1 '.z Lâ hi <: if killing between 4! l' /: and 6%.



    . ", The earth bicarbonate coefficient as used here 13; .., éne .. '= proportion tou :::;.,. R :: sonatei: #: ial {K2COJ; exri-4mee in .m. r;, .. which was ws' xnée in bicarbonate: - "17! Pct. c:,: J? -vec s For example nr. obtains a solution with coefficient in i '.s ;. ": s.rt? tE' ase in tl'p ..:! sfOC1t in bicar- 1:> -:" 1 ;;; t of :: ot $ f :. 5x.:; Ii '. :: - :. 1.2c \ 11es on' '..J of crl>: nate of potax- sium 4 nfer by -a scluticne of scy3 that the ratio of atoms of -,; to sorr "#! : 'carbonate in the form of 1càrbcnate is lo3 of'? lL. Course det;.: 3; cu..es of bicarbonate ...- 1 a,, â'3 â for. .r 9 .., - "circulates ".. 'W ^ .33c a. <,,,, 1.- les +.1'!") '<) -.... 1 A \ .. "-'!; - .., tJ" v'cwr ... - \ ... - (¯tJ: e .... \ WoS ... c v .....

   V ....... + -. "'iilI' ... ::! f" 'o p .., .-. f "{' .r.â5, n # 'w above) ;, 1 r .port wLy..Wae iv- EB1I't, É.ihl.9.ys'q, bit? 2: i eeff1clt: Xlf m5 bice = 2, by 25%. :: f ':' u aiig .. "6:,: at, f 3 , ".., Le:; oef" f'1 "¯izzxt in bicarbonate na r ^ 3 r - r eonsqsm r¯, -. '" Éw te: ga .. n' '(3: .. "" " . du b3.c3rbc.; ta eï- - / dans la si.3..i L.; c .., nais zt, in rather at .a6b.'T; 3c7s W .k., 't ,. . '' bi2Y't.ç;: a te with respect to carbonate.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 15>

 
 EMI15.1
 Zizi point of - .. l0.

    Cost effective, low volatility and ineffectiveness diethanolamine HN (CH2CH2O @) 2 should be preferred, but one can also use, if desired,
 EMI15.2
 mor.oetha.101G.1nc: H :: CH2C.ZH or 4.6, r 1 eth-anol ± zine N (CilàCH20H), 3; it is also possible to use various mixtures of these three bodies or two of them only.



   As mentioned above, the effect of
 EMI15.3
 the addition of ethanolanine is surprising and unexpected in several respects. First of all, while only a small and relatively constant improvement is obtained for the thermal efficiency when washing until pressure is achieved
 EMI15.4
 ) rti11es of about 100 g / ca2 in urinary gas. this aspect is improved to a considerable extent = ent greater. when the washing is pushed so as to fall below the aforementioned limit, and! -, improvement increases rapidly as
 EMI15.5
 uses the partial pressure of C0Z d1lt1nue el1e-m # e.

   In secora ieu 1-laddl & t'òn of ethanolanine seaibie shifting the equilibrium pressure .'- arlielie above the solution of potassium carbonate and bicarbonate and this despite the fact that pure ethanplamine cohorts a less favorable balance than the
 EMI15.6
 potassium carbonate-ticst'bonate system at high temperatures used in the process according to the invention.



   Reference will now be made to Figures 2 and 3 which combine the first of the two aforementioned phenomena, namely the significant and rapidly increasing improvement in the thermal efficiency, when the partial pressure of CO2 in the gas is lowered.
 EMI15.7
 rified above this 100 f! / c: r: J.2 .. The curves in figure 2 show the results obtained during a series of tests in r. substt1el1ecent installation sPble Saddle shown in figure 1.

   We used in all cases
 EMI15.8
 BBe apparatus.i. $. Age, 1 same speed of circulation of the solution

 <Desc / Clms Page number 16>

 
 EMI16.1
 and the same gas flow rate in the absorber, so that the rew ^ .l; ats obtained are directly comparable. In all the tests the raw gas contained at the inlet 2C of CO., And the absorber operated at a pressure of 21 kg / = 2 the partial pressure of t; 02 in this gas being therefore 4.2 kgf 2. The steam regeneration column was operated at atmospheric pressure and solitio :. regenerated hot was brought to the outlet and from the absorber without prior cooling, that is to say at the same temperature as that at which it exits from the regeneration column.
 EMI16.2
 tion.
 EMI16.3
 We performed four s; ries stood.

   Pnns the first
 EMI16.4
 series used an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate at 30% by weight, which corresponded to 5.6 times the concentration
 EMI16.5
 normal. no addition substance was used in this ^ .a first series of tests, the results of which are shown
 EMI16.6
 by 1 :; curve 20 of figure 2. In the second series the solution
 EMI16.7
 xtills, 'e contained the same concentration of potassium carbonate as 30%) but it contained in addition 1% by weight of: 1 <' "ian <; lz-Ji = e (this percentage being based on the total weight . The results of these tests are represented by zcurbe ri. In the third series the 30% by weight solution of ënna from pottsG44um also contains 3% by polís of d ± eth; noiii = 1e,? Es rl- ' suitate tzn4v> "shown by curve 22.



  Bnfin in # s 1. In the third series of tests a 30% solution of bound carbonate was employed, then potassium with 6% by weight of diethanols! summer heap: cerx indicated by curve 23.



  Los da? -1aqce serial% deessa's! - * we determined the consumption in varr-,: fldt. ^ - r 3i 14'orzie of the weight of steam, in pounds> necessary for el '' - '"' 100 < 'sc> bes 0, jz, i carbonic per - r il of the impure gas initii'yei b',:. '' "': cs> r- = i> s ± cr; s: prtells du C0 =, in the gas çx5Jii '.: it (c.'n' '.' .. 'âtü ..' s-- '?' ..:. -t that Iv

 <Desc / Clms Page number 17>

 of vapor per 100 cubic feet of gas corresponds to 162 g per 1 m3
Steam consumption is shown on the ordinate in Figure 2 while the residual partial pressures are shown on the abscissa in pounds per square inch (1 pound per square inch corresponding operated at 70 kg / cm2).

   The percentage by volume of CO2 in the purified gas is also indicated under the horizontal axis for the various residual partial pressures of this gas.



   As can be seen from curve 20, in the absence of any addition the steam consumption increases relatively slowly as the partial pressure of CO2 in the purified gas drops from 7.5 to 1. , 5 pounds per square inch (i.e. from 525 to 105 g / cm2), whereas, on the contrary, below this value it increases very quickly, thus highlighting the increasing difficulties encountered in lowering the bicarbonate content of potassium in the regenerated solution.



   On the contrary, when an activated solution containing only 1% diethanolamine (curve 21) is used, the rapid increase in the consumption of steam does not appear before the residual CO2 content of the purified gas has fallen. much more, save to values on the order of 0.3 pounds per square inch (or 21 g / cm2). Similar effects are observed on curves 22 and 23 which correspond to diethanolamine contents of 3% and 6%. The results are somewhat improved, but the curves remain essentially the same for these larger amounts of said substance.



   Comparison of the curves in Figure 2 shows that all four are essentially parallel in the area corresponding to the lowering of the partial pressure of CO2 in the purified gas from 7.5 to about 1. $ pounds per inch.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 18>

 square (525 to about 105 g / cm). Although the use of the;
 EMI18.1
 diethanol3a between the aforementioned lists ensures an increase in the consumption of steam compared to the case of the potassium carbonate solution (curve 20), this improvement is
 EMI18.2
 The pressure is low and remains relatively constant when measured against the differences observed when the partial pressure of CO2 is lowered below 1.5 pounds per square inch (105 g / cm2).



   This rapid change in the relative steam consumptions with the inactivated solution versus the activated solution for CO2 partial pressures of less than 1.5 pounds per square inch (105 g / cm2) in the purified gas comes out even better. of the curve of FIG. 3 which represents the difference in steam consumption between the case of the non-activated solution (curve 20) and that of the 1% solution of
 EMI18.3
 1ethanolç '": in ±' orrbe 21) depending on the residual pressure ri CO .....

   Li s ± "'", "could see it ia curve remains relatively small 41.:...'1 1 <"? '..c "" .. t.Yci, e.' = # Sn: ii. =, partial pressure 5 rI 1; "- ,. j 5. wpq" pa T d e.7. > 5.:. "poace cir = e (525 to 105 1fY1M"., .. 2) aais Lia se 3. ï-YMS 9 aw3: "T.flü to this last value ce çu1 against l !:" .t, r, tages 3portâ .iis and iv: .3us of $ 1 p. pÎo1> 1 aa, i "tr nrqu * cn pushes the washing until achieving 'nenTS seen: so weak. As shown in figure 3, obtains a.tlJ1.1c!' :. tior -: ;; rt1cu.aè'e :: ent spectacular nëaent ther = isue lr "cu lowers -the partial squeeze of due gas purifies to-c '..' '023 d 0.3 pounds per square inch 5 gJcnl L" ut: 111saton of,.

     .. '. âLtu: i #. .a "3e!>" "! 1bst.n.ce, -dd. t10n therefore turns out to be rn 1..rérÉt pa.rtl; xìer in the latter" as well as when the father: .. s: resid -which is less,, aB =: ent in the dom1n going viro 2 e5 to Gs05 lb @ square inch (35 to 3.5 g / cm2).

 <Desc / Clms Page number 19>

 
 EMI19.1
 ErTLBS1 to 7.- - '# *' The above exenplts correspond to various cases of implementation of the invention and they denoxify 1aba1ssewent unexpected. the apparent equilibrium partial pressure of CO2 above the regenerated solution, in contrast to the fact that normally
 EMI19.2
 addition detl-.anola7.ire would seem to increase said pressure 3r.

   So that the results are direatenent comparable, one, nis implemented in these examples devices of the same dimensions of the same type (substantially of the kind shown in Figure 1: accompanying drawings). In all cases, a lause solution containing 30% by weight of potassium carbonate (i.e. @ times the normal concentration) was used, varying the proportions of additive material, as shown in Table 1. The absorber was operating substantially. at the same temperature set 110 to 114 C for the solution at the inlet thereof) and
 EMI19.3
 s the same total assembly (namely 21 kcm2).

   The C02 concen- tration in the raw material supplied to the apparatus was substa! 1- Ileaent the same in all cases, namely loo-re of 20pel which ensured a partial pressure of carbon dioxide of approximately kg / cm2 at the bottom of the absorber. The regeneration column, steam operated at atmospheric pressure and always supplied the same quantity of heat per unit of constant heating buffer) to a vaporizer coil disposed at the bottom of said column.



   We performed two series of tests, one with a flow
 EMI19.4
 gax at 15.5 to 17.5 volumes per hour and with a washing flow rate of 0.9 volumes per hour. In the second ae the gas flow was approximately 22 to 25 vol / hour, that of the liquid reached 1.13 volUJ: 1e / he-.Jre.



   We measured in all these the quantity of CO2 rbée in cubic feet per gallon of solution (it being noted that - ed cubic per gallon corresponds to 6.15 dm3 per liter), the

 <Desc / Clms Page number 20>

 percentage by volume of CO2 in the g2z purified with the corresponding pressi <, and the bicarbonate coefficient in the regenerated solution as it enters the bottom of the absorption column.



  All of these values have been summarized in Table 1 for Examples 1 through 7.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 21>

 
 EMI21.1
 



  ------ W; ru7Z ':. m'j. <rof. '"' 1 Exe # ple 1 ... ¯ .. 2 3 4 5 b 8 9 ..o.



  ExMplet)% "" "... ¯, r ...... ¯, ...., ¯ .......... fthmol- CO du J) tÍb1t Flow Teiipera - CO pressure Coct ' fi- ronion prra aine en goï gnz sol.uUOl1 ture so-: brJrb6 CO. ') brt1,:, l .. oient ti..ll.! c <, u ..-. weight b ru tutian: C p4r ( 6) du '' la ca., blCl'- 11 nrp 00 Enr, re gallon put cz bonrtc soliition absorbas de solu- u1 .. purHie whose cot'fficirntion (4) '1.>> Lu- 1on rt- :! utVrnt C0ync ri. t0nn breasts ################## ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ ¯ ¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ t shot voIU.:lC'z. Vo.lu .; se - .L1, / NIIJ tif. (51- "hour <- ' lNUre 3) vciLuntc VIe li. ro 19.3 15.6 0.9 110), 3 (1) 0.79 z, 37 (166) 32 1.5 (\ 15) .......... l% DbA (l) <.0.9, o9 11e5 3.69 (22 //) 0.10 0.3 (<1) k6 4 J ,. JJ. 1'1.5 17.5 (399 113 3 y 7S 3 p 0.09 0.7 (19) <.5 1.00 (70) 4 .. o ..... 1, i 13 , 4 ,, 'J, 4 J! P3 113, 3, i 1 (1, rJ. 3.5 10.5 (733) 36 <, 5 (175):'.
 EMI21.2
 
<tb>
<tb>
 
 EMI21.3
 



  5 ........ LLA 1997: a, 9 1.13 113.5 3.79 (23.0, J4 0.97ê. (5Oo4) 31 J65 (.1..15):,! 6 ........ DbA 17.5 24.4 1.13 114.5 .3.75 {; d, 1) 0.10 Ot3U (1) 2.3 OJ5 (5 '), 5): ..:.



  7. '.' ''. 'L', ii.;, (; C) 17.1; 5J; 1.13 114 3.46 (21.3) 0.19 0.7 (40) 22 lJ, QO (42) ui ',, # .. ¯¯.¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯¯¯¯ ¯ ¯¯¯ ¯ 1) 1; t ,,, JI 1Jl thnnoll1'Ialue), -1r, i, 18 & -10r \ 0 <.: tiUU10J.Oil \ 1ne 3 Voluus EvuluE: s in any units, the digits ettint given as compare tif 4 1, .'0 no 11ure. ' between brackets correspond them thieves tredu1 tes in dja3 / liter 5 The numbers in brackets correspond to the values translated into gro.li, ncs / c.l1 6 PO m cubic feet.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 22>

 
 EMI22.1
 



  :: eS.s: i.Grl): ", :: -: -:", I ::. ¯ ....,.:; é '' '':, .. 1.¯.¯i; ''; - "C: .. ', ..: e" .. 3.t:.:' d! 1s $ 11J.tic !: ::. ï û.i! .. ::. 'd 6. e: is C': - ¯1: ¯: c- a. CQ1 ::: 2l-E 9 / "head as¯; '=: ..



  's f';, e; or: t) p () =, 121t to J..2. e - .: è '±: -. y.; I.;: "': 2: 2-8 S'81'U. :: v to JL.'S2.*EÏ'@6 'ït the absorber and. , appending that.: ¯.i .. '¯ 7:; luticrl ne l:' E.: 3c: -e a.UC1ID .. additive. Thus 1 :: ', e.'. r FÇ â. ;, y .... r¯t .. sd equilibrium of C0 .., pO ': lr examples;:, - 4 or "0-' -:.: '-.:. . "': J'1') a-:. Corresponds to the real one above 'ie the solution located ex covers .. hiJ. Milking: 1 in the 2.ij'.af S 2 .. 3rd 5 6 and 7 ; the partial prsssics of column 10 represents that which would fall, 3 ° s:, zs 'e sol- -'. on carbonate and b: .carronate J possitss comprising 1s coefficieE-t inai-that in bicarbonate - na4.z ne r # fer'aaï: pas d "a & - --sf '::.,. tSS s 3 executions tan tially with the ......... - H, ...... ... .....,. ...., Mj "". 1 ': "d? L?.'? 3.ge are directly .1-" "1 ::: '.'; -. 'Tr & t,:': J ..; y 1: \ =: .. : ..: "-,.:. cn 'lel on n '11 - :: 1- E:

   ,: - '¯, "' <:":,. :: ei. . '' "'r. ::?' ::, 1, 0? :::: '-'. ;;: 'i .y. 1: .... ¯ ...- ¯ L1.re? ) 7ç: ';,., ..



  -. ' ., ': r: "? ..: 5"' :::: 1 52; tJti.z sr ¯ '.. 7. , 3 a .y '.. n.,' ..C, -. /: .... ': 2: ",:' \. E;, e ...... w" .. \, '? - w' a -, =. yF., R j,., is4'i.



  .... T> ... .. 'ti {[1 t

 <Desc / Clms Page number 23>

 
 EMI23.1
 - ù, j. , '; -:. :: S; 1. {T} 0> at ':: At f-- 10 m': n "::; '?. -I /,: ..: 3;" :::,,: '? J z:;: 2: p:.;. :: -, :::. ; ..: i.:. 'r:. <: t ::: l2 x .i "é: j. #. iù.' 1 ± lJ = <du ± ±** ..; ';": 2J.::1?'êe' 1 , - .Ô, Î .'¯, tv - - - r, "+ q" J-7 "flLô" z Le d..s ca'r'rmna te and de .r .. ', ".'. ' shoot' ' "  " " . : z = ;: il, 1: * à.l * xz.z; .t more <5 ë.ev'3e than 1 press '""' '' '' '"',. <.. <;, <1. ""]: '' '' .-. ':'. E !: ce qwi 'tP-.:â5â.ûw'. - '.e .. zur,' '.' : '. ¯'. 10;: ...,., ''. ". , 1 '"..i; w": a' L .F C? 'TTC9Eéx, -'; $ "- e 'Q F' to 'oz:;>" T: "" "
 EMI23.2
 . ?;.; =. i a substantial favorable replacement of this pressios balance. Ain.-: #m? > Jm 1: Sa, pointed out more h3.u 'the result is res ,, altat t-slu. eontradicti direct with what one could norzale = ent p-revoàt.



  * nt d> # = r = é que 1. p: .es:; 1: #; z partial dqllb? CO & u-d + ssus? '711Ù% ii? They ± .Yi # eziiies à ='; B>: ù ethar.olan @ à2Xtt 1: elapàral / oàTeà # oesi% éréi = J; feels more students than those # ni% x.espipndante- -dessus dj} U: 1.6 equivalent solution of de. pot.ls:du:r4 therefore had to expect that 1.'aad t ± * n dthl & Bine i> ientc? 1s partial pressure dil CC .... rather than
 EMI23.3
 located.
 EMI23.4
 



  5n raised Àw? n; ê # ae behavior o-n com. ' les, <, p?., e: p and É eiser. : aés in <c, nàit.i. * ns sesibabls; # #E: s excn¯r.F., rs 1?,: Is a-us debi ',' A stronger pp b x-at?, o t s = # .. at i t 1 #> n .; lJ. n - # 1 "e>; s. #:> i e 1 =, or ln a? -r t i ï 1 s a i t <>. d", 3.tif; t: em *: = r gas pu-ifie sbissalt than to #volu / ,. this qiai = -> rrespoxà. à, 2 ';. ep / - essJ.on partial F-1.:Fres par por # c> .rre (Eoit 725 g / c .. ,,; 2) - On the contrary, d & ns eaples e 0Ù l' c # # ett3it work respecLi-Best - 6% dieth? .. OÎ-ii, 1.i: #, dan # les i,: éze> a;> n <ùi <: xorxs and with 1 & an eh # .uit # = Titf <fg-rrz. 5 "s njti; ôié # fi *, 1? 1er" "J; 1 C
 EMI23.5
 '' ',. -; ...: O. ::; 1? ', ¯ bY.> ..,, .. which TZ t Q5) t52';: b, 1.} :; n ;; i :: t :: t - .., {t, G ::> T. ". 11. f # ..> ,,". "!: 5,: ;; lL:. 'S' .i- :: '1: ¯".'. ';:', this t ... } ',::' :, J -:.:> P;: ':: X ::,': r'.p.? : ,, ;;,: -. '"'. -: '.: - -:

   'É o .. ± J, ":;,;:.: / 7 ... - - Î' li ± ± ± 1, '{: ....:' 2; ::: t: -: ' : n = <:: "':::'; '(0:: 04;:.:,:'; ', ::, ::;::.' '.;" C "- ,,;, ;:,.:;: ".: r '', ', :::':.;.: -;: ', -, :: ...'" 'ù.': :::: - < : / r-- :. ", T '.i-¯' ': Ti .. <-.;.; 2 2 ..':

 <Desc / Clms Page number 24>

 
 EMI24.1
 ..i: ..; ::: ... ': 5 ,,,:' ::.? 1: s 4 l 4 .. 2a wo W i..2 ...-. é â. ± '"" w v .... a 6: t., From 3' e .... i.: ....,. ±: t.:1.:..ût, S.?'i!:$
 EMI24.2
 It r8S:; f,;: t .1.) 4th: ics:.:. Ce qc.ij;: r ::: i.6 (<. :::. -O, ëv7 bieri? Best rs.ult .at5 - :,> i. = -... i, '.:. w: L (; ¯' ;;. q ...:; ':;' ..: ',:',:;. ::::: 3 la rl ::. J.:tlat:1.;-::c to weak C - {'¯: i,' "lt ..- :::: <rlS. :: si" :;:;. 2-.J..5 and * C- $ deccu: 'e: o: t lwS: weak n, .-,., ¯¯,.> ...,. V; ... -... ¯: i.,. ¯ 'w.-¯ ... hß.', Py: .. d ,, dëcouleat '"" s;:>,., T'; "- {" - " "'e,", 9- du. ". i., i; s" w: "z:

   -? f. ".; 4iib favorable and: t ... d '" r.ri.F'x :. that procured the addition C. ": 'QYle e'c ..." 1. &. riO.l.a: nrlEd> un. will note that this "8 ... abàLsse éùzl-é> e; .t pripx, x> tivn real '" "! .- .. addition lowers cca: i's the real proportion (the bicarbonate in the regenerated solution, which indicates that it includes Petfet yt.C4i. n lgrQâdw the de30rption tux of C02
 EMI24.3
 '.f .. steam treatment. All this year. iex- '"-" "+ i'" the low carbon dioxide content "" sidue1;: .. ': q-. "'" -:,. ",' ,; 12" ...-. 3us 1 ': "2S' bin below whatzii <,, e:, ...." 't' d.'placed way -. '. ".- ,.. L." 4:', H'.crc ':' - ': i.il. not et4 moved so.

   (: 4 :: "- - .¯ .... of n '.' '%: .. ¯..:. ¯ ..;'. ........: t. 'X.' 3c ':. -.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 25>

 
 EMI25.1
 f, .--, ...--. , -.- ....... "-" 'Y' ::: i; J-.J: z..t - :: rd "-,;:. ¯ .... 1- 3. .'... '. i <.s .'-' I weak .31; ex: foy ...... ¯.. :: j:;:, :: r: -2, :: tE. .; 2, ::. E ..: t are likely to equal n-- '"' ,,> -: ;; -:" l ;. ,,:. :: -,}: t: 1. let us Q ' : '::: - 2.lo "lt-e de potassiusp ire .-: .-; :: 1: -" rG.r, è: 0 2 :::. Lfure B .-. S (.tl d .11 5 "...: lfl3r: a de carbo -! '1-qtle,>" "'! J" "r.



  .j &. "... the development of ethnolaine not" ">; J1" ", -" '. ",,,,' '' '' '' '¯ ::' r ',} gax and 4 aw: .'l iGi L'Z i.ti.r. iÉ. makes power
 EMI25.2
 absorbate of 2.50: ';. 2t: .- vis-à-vis Bt: Xt; : '': Tx: .g'sfà sulphide t. absorbed: Tct6ent, while the carbonyl sulphide eit. "1.,.,: ...;.,.; F" "J -" "'' '' 'l h5.ârolilsé,.:> N and CO and:> <=> de, a ;; c * -1 being est. T. # T d & bcrd hydrolysis in:. ': 2S and C02e these two 0 ra-- being, o' zrâ;.: 4, '' - :: ,, a'r, ÔÇ à l ù ± 1t turn by the solution 3j, e; -: that cn sit describes ..''... '. # sR..w above in 5th reference. =: pf <; <. riçiensnt at l' installation shown in the figure it should be understood that it # .t also applicable to various
 EMI25.3
 variants of it - as long as nature is maintained
 EMI25.4
 .Sû = '? 3â ^' 'L: I the whole. This is how we can put in v â ', ta: 3.

    : â <; z'3 a;?:? ', .t' with the zin; v î i '? f? p of the devices ¯epresent1s and 4written in the patent 1L'r' <. > '.- s cE7o above. Thus bi.wi .. ± ..r. explained further, it may in particular sometimes be '5 /..'- r :: .- ,, 1; to cool (1 '! e>: "'" a little bit '- "", "- i:" -., a. - .....- .., - ¯ ...... "...." "" --''''- '\, ..' '' '' '4: ""' ".. '" - ifraction n' '. #., ..., solution regenerated and "3-saener ae liquid thus% ',?!";.) ::., 5. ::> 'u of column' - .. '' 's "..': i'5.xi> 3'1, the rest of the solution st. '.' 1 .: '' :: 1. : 1! - ':: - 02-: 11 t 1 <1:15 this one in 1] point 1? Tern4àiPio = -c, ::: 7'. .. "" ,,, '1' <; re'f stiffened sow D-ti-.1p C3 ': it has been indicated .rt .., c ..,. L.'. r 3.,. " 'r.Mi, -' T '>! 7 ".,') - r ',,,, tends to reduce even further', ...." t'p-e4.-...,
 EMI25.5
 , w'y.3u.? ,. 'n? H. C0,:. dç; .1 the part; te .i 5'i'Sti.'7J'i. <in .Ts. '. i ûdi 4.?¯, a'.



  ; ::. tt? ß..w. ^. <d "2: 's, t; F.! ..r even lower residual da! t: - :::,: 7 / as, ¯ .. ......, V '"' :. to be 7ê :: -, i :: nte :: te: '?. é "' B i..g71alt? -ê"

 <Desc / Clms Page number 26>

 'ree, penetrating at an Intermediate point of this, as in the preceding case. When this is done, the gas which is at the top of the absorber is in contact with a solution which has a lower bicarbonate coefficient, so that even a greater reduction in the content can be considered.
CO2 from the purified gas.



   As goes without saying, and as emerges moreover from the foregoing, the invention is in no way limited to its modes of application, nor to those of the modes of production of its various parts having been specially liquified. ; on the contrary, it embraces all the variants.

 

Claims (1)

ABSTRACT. ----------- Process for removing carbon dioxide from gaseous angels, of the kind in which a solution of potassium carbonate is continuously circulated between a absorption stage in which the carbon dioxide is removed from the angel by the solution under a higher pressure at atmospheric pressure, and a regeneration stage in which this reaction is regenerated by vapor substantially at atmospheric pressure, both stages operating at temperatures close to the boiling point of the solution at the latter stage, remarkable in that 'is added to the carbohydrate solution. e of potassium a small quantity of an ethanolamine, while the washing of the gas mixture is carried out with the solution thus activated until a purified gas is obtained in which the core pressure of the residual carbon dioxide is less than approximately g / cm2, although the solution employed in the absorption stage has a substantial potassium bicarbonate coefficient greater than that which a activated solution should exhibit in order to reduce the aforementioned residual partial pressure <Desc / Clms Page number 27> the same value under equivalent conditions, said process also has the other characteristics below, listed separately or in combination: 1 The addition of ethanolamine represents from 0.3 to 10% of the solution; 2 The proportion of ethanolamine in the solution is between 1% and 6%; 3 The ethanolamine used consists of nolamine; 4 Washing of the gas mixture is pushed with the solution until a purified gas is obtained in which the pressure The residual carbon dioxide is less than 36 g / cm2; 5 Or push the wash until the pressure is lowered Binds residual carbon dioxide to a value of the order of 5 g / cm2; 6 A fraction of the solution which comes out is taken, regeneration age, this fraction is cooled to C below the outlet temperature of the stage and is introduced into the top of the absorption stage , that the rest of the solution is sent without cooling to an intermediate level of this last stage.