BE687660A - - Google Patents

Description

  

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  Belinographic system.



   This invention relates to belinographic equipment and more particularly to a belinographic system comprising transceivers capable of operating by the direct remote automatic telephone network either with or without a direct electrical connection thereto.



   Belinograph transmission is well known in the art. It was often used in the past as an information mod by photographic transmission through predetermined leased transmission channels. More recently equipment was launched on the market for high speed transmission of documents using wideband transmission channels. The present invention is particularly concerned with the economical and flexible transmission of black and white letters, drawings and other documents over ordinary voice-frequency telephone channels.



   Equipment with these characteristics must be good

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 market and the invention therefore provides a belinographic transceiver in which a large part of the components participate in the function of transmission and reception, unlike a separate transmitter and receiver.



   It is desirable that the equipment be capable of transmitting documents to any location where telephone sets are available. The invention provides a belinographic transceiver which is capable of either transmitting or receiving documents through any conventional telephone apparatus without requiring an electrical connection to it. The belinographic transceiver of the invention is capable of establishing synchronism with a similar and remotely located transceiver regardless of the character, frequency, or phase of the electrical mains to which each of them may be connected.



   The equipment must minimize the telephone loads associated with the issuance of the document, The invention provides equipment which does not require the operator to hire a so-called information group from the telephone company which emits the documents in a shorter time. short that it has not been possible until now and which allows the operators of the equipment mounted at each end of the wire of the transmission link to interrupt the telephone link as soon as it is no longer in use or when the the show is no longer clear.



   The equipment must also be able to operate through the telephone company intelligence groups where these are available to take advantage of their enhanced transmit capability. The invention provides a belinographic transceiver which operates with two signals at

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 different levels and which intervene with a conventional information group intended for the transmission of digital signals through telephone lines.



   The equipment must operate safely regardless of the skill of the operator. The invention provides a Belinographic transceiver which requires only the insertion of a piece of paper and the telephone call in order to achieve a high quality Belinographic transmission.



   Specific objects will become more fully apparent during the description of the invention which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings.



   Figure 1 is an exterior view of a belinographic transceiver according to the invention.



   Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the functions of the invention.



   Figure 3 is a simplified perspective view of the recording mechanism.



   FIG. 4 is a simplified perspective view of the transmission mechanism.



   FIG. 5 represents the logic elements of the circuit used in the figures which follow.



   Figure 6 shows the basic timing circuit.



   Figure 7 shows the repetitive waveforms corresponding to figure 6
Figure 8 shows the transducer regulators of the transmitter and the telephone,
Figure 9 shows the logic circuit of the transmitter.



   Figure 10 shows the pancake waveforms in the circuit of Figure 9.

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   Figure 11 shows the video amplifier circuit used in Figures 9 and '10.



   Figure 12 shows the printing power and the control circuits.



   Figure 13 shows an alternative form of Figure 12.



   Fig. 14 shows the control amplifier of the pulse motor or stepper motor.



   Figure 15 shows the logic circuit of the printer.



   Fig. 16 shows the waveforms illustrating the achievement of synchronism.



   Figure 1 shows the outward appearance of one form of a belinographic transceiver according to the invention. The apparatus is enclosed by a box 120 comprising a generally horizontal opening 121 in its front face. A rotating drum 122 includes a clamping strip 123 visible in the opening. Opening 121 allows access to the drum so that an operator can attach a sheet of paper to the drum to make a belinographic recording.

   On the cabinet is a tray 124 for placing a document to be sent and for feeding it through a slot 125 in the scanner or analyzer 120 The cabinet 120 also includes a reset button 130 and a signal lamp 131 A box 127 adjacent to the cabinet 120 is connected thereto and is capable of accommodating a standard telephone handset. The box is fitted with a swivel cover 128 and a ratchet 129,
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing in outline how two transceivers

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 Belinographs of Figure 1, each of which is in a different location, can be linked to form a bi-directional belinographic system.

   It is evident, however, that the functional blocks of Figure 2 correspond only in a very general way to the circuits or functions of the decree decrees in the subsequent figures '.:.:'.



  The first step in sending a document is for the operator at one end of the line to use their telephone set 135, dial the number of the device. telephone 13 @ corresponding to the other end of the wire, generally through one or more intervening telephone 1.36 centers. After a non-male voice link has been confirmed to the operator at each end of the equipment; each operator puts on his handset
137 in box 127 and close the lid. One of the operators introduces a document through the slot 125 into the scanner 126 of his unit.

   Scanner 126 then sends a control signal to transceiver circuit 140 which being responsive to the document in scanner 126 and to the handset in box 127 adapts the transceiver to the transmission mode. Scanner 126 similarly sends vision signals to transmitter 138 which develops the signals and uses them to control the operation of scanner 126. Meanwhile, transmitter 138 combines the vision signals with them. , the control signals of the circuit of the transceiver 140 and feeds them into the handset 137, from which they will be transmitted to the telephone line.

   At the same time, even though the transmission is taking place at this time, the timing and power circuit 139 exchanges signals with the printer 142 and produces other signals which are developed by the transceiver circuit 140.

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   The other transceiver picks up a signal from the corresponding handset 137 and which is detected by the receiver 141 which causes the transceiver circuit 140 to put the transceiver into the receive mode. The picked up signals also cause the transceiver circuit to control the operation of the timing and power circuits 139 so as to bring the printer 142 into synchronism with the scanner 126 of the transceiver being transmitting. The signals received are applied. the printer 142 and cause it to record a belinogram of the transmitted document.



   At each transceiver, a monitoring circuit 143 controls the operation of the various circuits so that a corresponding alarm signal sounds at each of the two transceivers if the transmission is complete or else interrupted. The alarm signal warns each of the operators to remove the handset and communicate with each other in order to determine whether documents are +, re-send, if additional documents are to be sent in one or the other direction, or if the link telephone must be terminated.



     It follows from the foregoing description that an unlimited number of Belinographic transceivers according to the invention can be used in combination with one another, since any transceiver can be linked to operate with one. other, either for transmission or for reception, by conventional telephone company switching facilities. Multiple call arrangements can be used to allow one of the transceivers to transmit simultaneously to the others.

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  The figure o is a view!; I! '1rl..f': (: ,,,, t'lî I? :: v .. ,,, t -: .ii. 5u mechanism of i! T. l'rr8Gion or er: egi: ¯ ... r¯a. The "tc ':::. bo,; :: rotary 122 being mi: l¯. 9 d" ns of the bearings, not .ce: - r6snt? s,. ",,,, t command Flr the int ('r0 (! i'1 ::. re of the gears 151.) 152 - :. 1; 15; ,,: r" J motor 150 : 1'.1 :.:.:. T preferably, in synchronous actor bij o] <-, iT.e comprising for example a rotor t cii? s'.2't'i: pe:; 'f.l: .lI1 (; n.t for
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 provide a predictable relationship between the power phase
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 electrical and rotation phase. LL motor 150 carries a
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 pinion 151 which controls a crazy gear 152 in a report
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 reduction from 2 to 1, and the idler gear 152 controls the gear 155 of the drum in a reduction ratio of 10 to 1.

   A pair of cams 162 and 163 is: .ittch6e au t, # l # bour 122 and controls the switches 164 and 165. The functions el .. :: C0S switches will be described below 8n combirii; 5on with the description of the switches. figures 6 and 12. The writing pluae cart
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 154 is positioned adjacent to drum 122 and is movably mounted laterally on rails 155 parallel to it one
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 the other as well as to the drum 122. The: writing plumu carriage 154 is provided with a recording point; tr '., nh.:nt 15' which peul. be pressed into contact with the drum by an M "t '1) 1 [lE;" "electromagnetic 15'7 and moved away from t: .T. ^. tt, .f = j> mir un!' 1 ': ;; :: Ol't 18.



  A thread; 'lc, "- 1'1: uc fl (; xi.b11: ie6 11m (:! H' 1 ... i .. t. 4? Ll:. 'NLaIl:, r; 1 <. cc'ntrol '..'. the assembly 1 quo 157 t:. the tip, 1 'ii; r> jji; ", i> <.ment 156 ('.1L: -I: il'mc. L, rain cart':. write ', the <, r jt> jj <>, <, Jià # 1 a guidltC0 19 screw which ust: ou.n '.. cl, T ^ 1., CCfn troi ;; 1..ni; C be prtr a noti, Jr 1, impulcior .. lE' ( ) turning ùi "11 :; 1 '...: crr: gift spur of a watch either p,; r un rßti :: ur:, 1.Ir.fu1t.ton 161 turning in lts:' 1 \. ' 11; 1 inVll '::: L', les d "U'X r, caua::. 1 = g> ul,;. Ion being connected ::.! the au to the other iiinni qul, '. wine d-, ,,; u9.w '.

   From this m: mir'1 1'0, the tip d 1 enrp.glùtrtm ('nt 1; can ctrt' advanced by uniformly increasing 3m ^ the order of 0.02) / d. cm

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 EMI8.1
 in a direction parallel to c4 .. d 1 f - :: x (. 'J -.:;;.-sz :. r:' t sensitive to connJmdcn derived from the 8Eblc of circuits as will be described below -prè $.



  L! 1 recording tip 155 pcut (little ::: ..,. = - .li ± 1> Fr .. = 1; .5 well-known forms. It may include a cr. ^. Yo :: let " , 11 Lf.:. Electrically isolated and suitable for writing directly onto conventional electrolytic and blinogr -.- recording paper. The same tip frme can be used to deposit an electrostatic charge on a f: uill.- : iso160 for further development of known xerographic techniques. A simple metal tip can also
 EMI8.2
 be used to record directly onto pressure sensitive recording paper by sending the electromagnetic assembly to the electromagnetic assembly 157.



  Various forms of apparatus for selective deposition of liquid ink can be used. A variable intensity concentrated light source can likewise be used to form a latent image on a sheet of photographic paper or the like. All of these or any other suitable method of the belinographic recording technique can be used in this invention.



   Figure 4 is a simplified perspective view of a truss of a sweeper 126. A pair of rollers
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 coonandés 176 is provided with cogwheels 177, so that a pulse zaataur 178 which can be identical to the motor 160 or 161 in figure 3. Iu matcur 178 know the rollers 176 by a timing counroiv or the transmission 179 .

   Each drive roll 176 cooperated with a contact roll 180
 EMI8.4
 located above it to feed a sheet of paper to the scanning device by

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 the order of 2.54 x 10-2 centimeters, Fluorescent lamps 181., preferably powered by direct current are located below the driven rollers 176 and are provided with reflectors which are not shown in this figure, in order to direct light upwards gives the undersurface of a sheet of papermaking passing through the rollers, and being supported by a tray containing a slit, also not shown in this figure.

   A mirror galvanometer 185, comprising a small mirror 184, samples the light reflected from the sheet of paper and passes it through the objective 185 to the photo-multiplier 186 or other photosensitive devices :.}. Since the mirror galvanometer is a suitable device for. rotating the mirror around an axis, the photo-multiplier 186 is capable of scanning a spot of light by a back and forth movement in line on a document or another sheet of paper passing through the control rollers,
FIG. 5 represents certain forms of elementary logic circuits which are widely used in the subsequent figures of this description.

   Figure 5A shows the NAND and NOR periodic trigger symbols and a suitable transistor circuit to perform the function represented by the symbols. The repeated symbols NAND and NOR effectively show the same circuit function as shown for example in MIL-STD-806B, of February 26, 1962.

   In terms of the transistor circuit shown, the symbols represent the following function: the output voltage is minus 6 volts if, and only if all input. are at sero volts, otherwise the flow is at zero volts. He. is convenient to consider the

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 Most of the periodic input triggers in the following figures as NAND periodic input triggers with "1" equal to zero volts and "0" equal to minus 6 volts.



   Figure 5B shows how circuits of Figure 5A can be coupled together to provide a flip-flop circuit. The flip-flop circuit is characterized in that it changes its state only if a voltage of minus 6 volts is applied to the input borae. appropriate.



  More specifically, if minus 6 volts are applied to the reset input, the flp-flop is engaged, ie the output "1" will have a value of 0 volts and the zero output will be minus 6 volts. FIG. 50 represents an obvious and explanatory modification of FIG. 5B in which the flip-flop can be triggered at one of its levels by a voltage of minus 6 volts applied to one of the two corresponding inputs. Figure 5D shows how the converter function is performed by the periodic input trigger of Figure 5A. Figure 5E shows a flip-flop trigger which changes state as a result of a pulse applied to a single input terminal.

   In the form used in this description, the input signal is a positive pulse of 6 volts and the output voltages are either zero volts or minus 6 volts. The exemplary embodiments of the transistors shown having read functions of the circuit described can be obtained in module form from the "Engineered Electronics Company of Santa Ana, California". The NAND / NOR circuit is their model Q-411 or Q-421, and the circuit in Figure 5B represents two models either Q-412 or Q-422.

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   The symbols and circuits of Figure 5 represent those selected for use in illustrating the invention.



  The functions represented by the logical symbols can be performed by circuits of the many forms which can be obtained from many producers and these are all well known. Those skilled in the art also realize that the set of logic circuits of the type shown in the subsequent figures have some general input-output relationship which can be reproduced using different arrangements containing the basic logical leads and furthermore, this function can be reproduced. be carried out using logical elements of quite different types which do not need to be electronic elements.

   As a simple illustration it may be noted that periodic NAND / NOR input triggers may be substituted for periodic NAND / NOR input triggers and that it may 001: 10 thus be possible to simplify the described embodiment of the invention. In general, the builder will choose the type and the form of these logical building blocks based on considerations such as price, .. size, safety, voltage and current demands, speed, capabilities. entry and exit; cte.

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 The timing circuits.



   Figure 6 shows the timing circuits used to produce the timing waveforms shown in Figure 7 and which are used to control the operation of the Belinographic transceiver. A tuning fork or other stable oscillator 201 can produce an output frequency of 3840 cycles which is developed by a pulse corrector circuit 202 to obtain a sequence of positive pulses at the frequency of the oscillator. These pulses are applied to a counter or a divider chain of 7 flip-flop triggers connected successively and identified by I to VII. A higher frequency crystal controlled oscillator can also be used with additional dividers.

   For convenience, only the first 6 stages are considered to constitute a separate scale from 64 to counter 203 and are shown as such in the figure. Each counter can be simultaneously reset from a common source by coupling diodes 204, but the reset function will not be described except in combination with figure 15. The output of stage VI is a wave. square shape of 60 cycles identified as signal A, and which is used to control motor 150 as shown in Figures 3, 12 and 13. The output of stage VII is a square wave H of 30 cycles.

   The motor 150 rotates at a speed of 3600 revolutions per minute and controls the drum 122 at a speed of 180 revolutions per minute so that a rotation requires 333 1/3 millisccondos or 20 cycles of the signal A. The drum 122 which controls by Meats 162 and 163 Switches 164 and 165 produce timing signals M, M and S in a manner which will be more fully shown on

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 figure 12.



   During the rotation of drum 122, signal M is at zero volts or in its logic "1" level of 355.5 to 7.5 and S is in its "I" level of 22 to 36. Signal M is simply the inverse of signal M. For reasons which will become apparent later, the otherwise arbitrary zero degree position of drum 122 will need to be chosen at a point where the recording or printing peak is above. above the fixing bar 123. Because; of the fixed relation; which therefore exists between the frequency divider 203 and the drum 122, it is convenient to use the angular position of the tanbour 122 to specify the various waveforms produced in Figure 6.

   For reasons of connodity, it may be noted that in the embodiment shown, an oscillation cyclo 201 corresponds to 0.26 millisec @ ndes and also corresponds to 0.28 of rotation of the drum 122. Thus, one degree of rotation corresponds to about 0.93 milliseconds.



   The "0" outputs of hostages III and IV of counter 203 are combined in the periodic input trigger NAND 205, the output of which is converted by the converter 210, delayed slightly by a capacitor 224 and applied to the periodic input trigger AND 215 This signal is at logical "1" level whenever counter 203 is in the values of 0 to 3, 16 to 19, 32 to 35, or 48 to 51.



  Other developments of this signal will be described later.



  The "0" outputs of the counter stages V and VI are combined

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 into the AND periodic input trigger 206 and the resulting signal is converted to provide a D signal which is at its logic "1" level whenever counter 203 registers values from zero to fifteen inclusive.

   Therefore, this output occurs 20 times per rotation from 0 to 4.5, do 18 to 22.5, from 36 to 40.5, etc., and is called the progress counter slgnal -
The "0" output of stage V is combined with the "1" output of stage VI of periodic input trigger 207, the output of which is converted into converter 212 which provides a signal which is at its logic level. "1" during values from 32 to 47 inclusive. This signal is combined in a periodic NAND input trigger 217 with an input signal S which is at its logic "1" level from 22 to 36.

   The output of periodic input trigger 217, converted by converter 228, is a signal that is at its logic "1" level only from 27 to 31.5 and is identified as the G preview signal.



   The "1" outputs of the V and VI stages are combined in the NAND periodic input trigger 208 to provide a signal which is at its logic "0" level if the counter 203 stores values from 48 to 63 inclusive. This signal is identified as F and ost at its logic level "1" from 0 to 13.5, from 18 to 31.5, from 36 to 49.5, etc. This signal is also converted in converter 213 to provide a signal which is at its logic "1" level from 13.5 to 18, 31.5 to 36, etc., and is used internally as an input to triggers. 'periodic entry 218,220, 221,222 and 223.

   The other

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 input to periodic input trigger 218 is the input
 EMI15.1
 "1" of ezase 1. Therefore, 1-. output of the periodic input trigger 218 is the triple coincidence of t ^.;: a cctuators IV, V, VI C - this is converted in the converter 229 in order to provide a signal which is at no logical level "1" for values from 50 to 63 inclusive cu from 153/4 to 18 '', do 33 3 / + to 36, from 51 3/4 to 54, etc.



     The triple coincidence of the "1" output of stages IV, V, VI is also detected in the periodic input trigger 209, converted in the converter 214, combined in the periodic input trigger 219 with the "1" outputs. stages II and III and finally converted in converter 230. The resulting signal is therefore at its logic "1" level for values from 62 to 63 inclusive.



  This signal is identified as L and appears from 359.4 to 360, from 17.6 to 180, 35.6 to 36. etc.
 EMI15.2
 



  The output of the converter 213 has: uc if (, o! Bin6c in the periodic input trigger 220: ': Seen the sign .-' l 3 nfin to produce a pulse of 6 volts istl'ud '. nt 4c 31.5 to 36,, '.:' ¯k.> .v..ll: 1iç, n ct '1.ppli!} 1.l': to 'a flip-flop entry 231 .1: . h, I'tll., from converter 213 is 'l'1.uwi cor: b9 n: o in periodic input trigger 221' 1.VL'C le ciyùni; 1 1 "1 end of prc-duiro a Gignr.1 of! ': lO inz 6 .volt;> G 1 Ót0ndrmt from 355.5 to 0. = C4tt .: inpulsion .ût ppli1Uu at the other entry of the flip-flop 231 Since the flip-flop is qltvrntiv0wunt engaged and r.5.ii; cl; nchô p'lI 'the appmriiccnnt ajguuux fi: k8 two bernas d'-ntréo, a signal at 1-t output terminal: .ppropz3.1 will be known rur, L ^ u logic "1" from 31.5 to 355.5.

   This sizn,; 1 is

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 referred to as the periodic input trigger video signal J. The output of periodic input trigger 221 is converted in converter 132 to close a signal which is at its logic "1" level of 355.5 to 0 and which supports final video signal E.



   The output of converter 213 is also applied to the first inputs of NAND periodic input triggers 222 and 223, the outputs of which are connected to the opposite input terminals of a flip-flop 233. The second input of the periodic input trigger 222 is connected to the signal M, while the second input of the periodic input trigger 223 is connected to the inverse of the signil M, that is to say M.



  Thus, the flip-flop 233 changes its level every time the signal M changes its level, but the signal is delayed in each case until a logic signal "1" is received from the converter 213. Therefore the flip -flop 233 changes its level to 355.5 and 13.5, rather than 352.5 and 7.5. The output of flip-flop 233 extending from 355.5 to 13.5 is called the N signal.



   Referring again to the D signal previously described this signal is combined in the periodic input trigger 216 with the M signal which operates as a filter and which only allows a D signal to pass through rotation. The resulting signal is converted by converter 127 and constitutes a signal B, which is only at its logic "1" level of 0 to 4.5. The output of the periodic input trigger 216 is also applied to a delay multivibrator circuit 125 which almost delays it for one full rotation of drum 122.

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 in order to provide a signal shown in Figure 7.



   Signal B is also combined in periodic input trigger 215 with the output of converter 210 previously described. The negative output of periodic trigger 215 thus extends only from the 0 to 3 values of counter 203 and only to the 0 position of tanbour 122. The resulting signal is converted in converter 126 to produce a signal called 0 which is, at its logic level "1" only from 0 to 1,

  13 '
FIG. 7 represents the waveforms described above and a synthesized waveform DF which is the coincidence of the signal F described previously and the inverse of the signal D described. This compound signal ranges from 4.5 to 13.5, 22.5 to 31.5, etc. This particular waveform will be used in combination with Figure 9 in conjunction with some of the other waveforms shown.

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   Transmission circuits.



   Figure 8 shows the scanner or analyzer and the telephone assembly schematically in more detail with all associated circuitry.



  It can be seen that the fluorescent lamps 18- previously shown in Figure 4 are provided with reflectors 301 and that a tray 302 is provided to support a document whose face is downward as it passes through the drive rollers. and pressure rollers 176 and 180. A slot 303 is provided in the plate between the lamps and immediately above the mirror galvanometer 183. This figure also shows an opening or stop 304 which is located between the lens 185 and the lens. photo-multiplier 186 in order to limit and define the size of the sampling surface which is scanned by a back and forth movement on the document by the mirror galvanometer 183.



   The mirror galvanometer 183 can be any suitable device capable of rapidly converting an input signal into a corresponding rotation of a mirror.



  Commercially available mirror galvanometers of the type sold for use in oscillographs for multi-channel optical recordings represent a suitable apparatus of said type. A particularly suitable apparatus for use in the illustrated embodiment of the invention can also be achieved by fixing a mirror with a diameter of 1.77 cm to the sleeve of the pen of a pen recording galvanometer, of which the catalog number is 428647-920138, and which is manufactured by

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 "The Brush Instruments Division, of the Clevite Corporation." Or by attachment to the sleeve of similar devices manufactured by "Sanborn Division of the Heweett-Packard Company".



   Also shown in this figure are the paper sensor switches 306 and 307 which are located to sense the presence of a sheet of paper in the scanning device. Switch 306 has detected the presence of a sheet of paper when it is first presented to the left side scanner, and switch 307 detects the presence of a sheet of paper in the scanner and approximately the position of the slot 303. The switch 306 controls an associated relay with multiple contacts K1 and the switch 307 controls an associated relay with multiple contacts K2. The switch 307 can be replaced by a delay circuit controlled by the switch 306.

   The operating power of the relay cos passes through a switch 308 which is located in the telephone box 127, and which is located in such a way that it will close the circuit of the relays K1 and K2 to pass current there only when a correct location of the telephone handset in the box. Inserting a piece of paper into the detector will allow switch 306 to control relay K1 only if switch 308 is properly closed. Among its other functions the relay K1 has a contact Kla which applies a voltage of minus 6 volts to a resistor 312, the other end of which being connected to the manse.



  The voltage appearing across resistor 312 is applied to converter 313, the output of which is a transmit control voltage T which is only at its logic "1" level when relay K1 is driven. This output T is used to control the operation of the transceiver in its mode.

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 resignation. When switch 308 is closed, but relay K1 is not energized, a voltage of minus 6 volts will be applied to resistor 322 instead of resistor 312.



  The voltage appearing through resistor 322 is applied to converter 323, the output of which being at its logic "1" level only when switch 303 is closed and when relay K1 is not energized and also provides a voltage of R receive control to control the operation of the transceiver in the receive mode.



  Relay K2 has a contact (a) which keeps relay Kl closed as long as relay K2 is closed. Therefore relay K1 will remain closed as long as the document is still above slot 303 and signal T will remain at its logic "1" level during this time. Relays K1 and K2 and other relays which will be described later are shown with their contacts in their non-energized state. The relay contacts are not necessarily shown near the symbol of the relay coil.



   Drive motor 1-8 is shown in combination with a pair of drive coils 305. Many types of impulse motors can be used as motor 178, or as motors 160 and 161. They can be, for example, an ordinary electric solenoid. associated with a pawl and a ratchet control, a rotary solenoid associated with a one-way control clutch, a control mechanism of a conventional impulse relay or a so-called "Cyclonomer" impulse motor sold by Sigma Instruments, Inc.



  The latter type is preferred and comprises, as is well known, a pair of control coils corresponding to the reference symbol 305 and which are alternately excited by back averages shown in Figure 14,

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Photo-multiplier 186 is connected to a periodic input trigger of a square-wave amplifier 321 which is shown more explicitly in Figure 11.



   The excitation of galvanometer 183 is controlled by a contact (b) of relay K2 so that the galvanometer is able to operate when a document is in a position above slot 303. The driving power of the galvanometer is drawn. either a pre-sweep generator 319 or a sweep generator 320, under the control of the relay K6, which is under the control of the circuits of figure 9. The sweep generator 320 provides a linear voltage with slope which is synchronized with the rotation of the drum 122 by means of the input signal? in figure 6.

   The prescan generator 319 filters and amplifies the 30 cycle input square wave H of Figure 6 to provide a 30 cycle sine wave signal that has 10 cycles or 20 half cycles per rotation of drum 122 A triangle wave may also be suitable. Suitable circuits for generators 319 and 320 are shown in Figures 7 and 8 respectively of US Patent Application No. 471,799, filed July 14, 1065. Reasons for providing high and low speed of the waveform Scans will emerge later in the description and are also indicated in this US Patent Application No. 471,799 filed July 14, 1965.



   Referring to the telephone box 127. this contains a small loudspeaker 309 and a soft ring seal 310 in order to seal the loudspeaker 309 to the microphone unit of the handset 137. The loudspeaker 309 is connected by a K4 relay to modulator 314. K4 relay is controlled by switch 308 to connect the modulator to the speaker, but only when the transceiver is in the transmitter mode. The peat modulator consist of

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 one of the variants known in the art.

   One form of modulator which is very satisfactory comprises a voltage controlled oscillator-multivibrator followed by a low frequency amplifier, so that a sound of 1300 cycles is applied to the telephone for one of the levels of an input signal to two levels applied to the modulator, and a sound of about 2300 cycles for the other input level. This arrangement has given very satisfactory results for the introduction of belinographic signals into a telephone circuit without requiring an electrical connection therewith.

   If the transceiver is not in the transmitter mode, the speaker 309 is disconnected from the modulator 314 and is connected by a relay K4 to an alarm sound generator 315 which is controlled by circuits. alarm in Figure 13 and apply a lower frequency signal, e.g., 800 cycles to the phone.



   An inductive search coil 311 is provided in the telephone box 127 below the telephone receiver of the handset 137 in order to pick up the input signals.



  The coil may have the form shown and may comprise, for example, 7,900 turns of an insulated wire, No 34, having an inductance of about 2.2 henry at a frequency of 1000 cycles.



  It has been found that there is sufficient dispersion flux from the telephone receiver, particularly those from the "Western Electric 500" subscriber telephones, to allow effective signal pickup by means of the coil shown. As an alternative, particularly when the belinographic equipment is to be used with other types of telephone devices having well protected receivers, the search coil 311 can be replaced by a microphone which is acoustically connected to the handset 137 in order to pick up the radiated acoustic signals. through the handset.

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  Signals from coil 311, or microphone, are demodulated in a demodulator 316 of the type suitable for use with the chosen form of modulator 314, to produce an output signal corresponding to the input signal to modulator 314. Coil 311 can also be used to connect signals for transmission in a telephone. A terminal 317 is also provided on the output side of the demodulator 316, in order to allow the direct reception of belinographic signals of an information group of a telephone company or the like, as an alternative to transmission of signals via a telephone company. subscriber telephone as shown in figure 8.

   A narrow-band and very sharply adjusted detector 318 is likewise connected to the search coil 311 to provide an output signal sensitive to the detection of a selected sound emitted by the alarm sound generator 315.



   Voice frequency telephone lines are very convenient for transmitting by belinographic media since they are universally available, but are far from providing an ideal transmission medium for belinography or other types of intelligence signals. For this reason, it is desirable in modulator 314 and detector 316 to provide the technical improvements which are well known in order to maximize the quality of the images transmitted and the speed with which they can be transmitted.

   Although this does not form part of this invention, it has been found desirable to pass the belinographic signals intended for transmission through a low pass filter to eliminate abrupt emissions and to change the spectrum of the power signal at low frequencies and to apply this filtered signal to a frequency modulation or frequency variation manipulation (FSK) oscillator, such as a multi-

  <Desc / Clms Page number 24>

 voltage controlled vibrator which has a linear output frequency compared to the characteristics of input signals.

   It is desirable to employ at detector 316 a phase corrector to compensate for the non-uniform delay compared to the frequency characteristics of a typical telephone channel, and to apply the delay compensated signal of the resulting phase to a modulation of. broadband frequency or carrier wave frequency shift detector to obtain an appropriate output signal.

   With these improvements it is possible to achieve a high quality of Belinographic transmission effectively taking advantage of national switching telephone networks, even taking into account the degradation of the inevitable signals scrambled in the transmission of the output Belinographic signal through a loudspeaker. , into a charcoal microphone of a telephone device, and outputting the input signal of an imperfect telephone receiver. Other forms of modulation, such as amplitude modulation or modulation of the remaining sideband can also be used.



   Figure 9 shows the logic circuits which are used to control the operation of the Belinographic Scanner and to produce a Belinographic signal suitable for transmission. To help understanding the operation of the circuits shown, the courses of the main signals emitted, opposed to the internal control signals, are shown on stronger lines. There are four of these signals which are combined into four NOR periodic input triggers comprising input triggers 402 and 405, triggered against the emission control signal in periodic input trigger 406, and applied to the input trigger. modulator 314, described earlier than in FIG. 8.

   A 422 terminal is also

  <Desc / Clms Page number 25>

 intended to allow these signals to be applied directly to an intelligence group. The first of these signals is the ini belinographic video signal itself which is a two-level signal derived by amplifier 321 from an output of photo-multiplier 186, which in turn relates point-to-point to the density d 'a document being scanned using the mirror galvanometer 183. This signal is triggered in the NAND periodic input triggers 401 and 404. One of these triggered signals is the G signal which prevents the video signal from being passed through. NOR 402 periodic input trigger in the range of 355.5 to 31.50 of the rotation of drum 122,

   this period being intended for the scanning of the clamping bar 123 and for the emission of a certain control signal. The next significant signal is the pre-video signal G produced once per spin as previously described, which is triggered in the periodic NAND input trigger 416 by an output of the flip-flop progress control 414.



   The third signal is the 20 times per revolution advance D signal, which is triggered and interrupted in the NAND periodic input trigger 418 by the other output of the flip-flop 414 from that used to control the preview signal in the periodic input trigger 416. The fourth signal is the signal B which appears only once per rotation and which is the inverse of the signal B described previously. This signal is applied in a different way from the others directly to NOR periodic input triggers 402 and 405 without being converted to a previous NAND periodic input trigger. This signal must pass through a contact of relay K1 which is normally open and a contact of relay K2 which is normally closed.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 26>

 



  Besides producing a composite video signal for transmission, the circuit of Figure 9 produces two other important signals for internal use. One of these signals is made up of signals D and B only, of the emptied signal emitted. This signal is produced by a periodic NAND 419 input trigger which has the same input connections '.' periodic NAND input trigger 405, the output of which being triggered in periodic NAND input trigger 420 by a transmit control signal, in the same way that the composite video signal is triggered by trigger d 'periodic entry 406.

   This signal is applied through the circuits shown in Fig. 12 to the sense pulse motor 178, shown in Fig. 8. It will be shown later that this component of the transmitted video signal drives the writing pen carriage 154 of the. remotely connected transceiver to advance in synchronism with the advance of the document in the transmitting transceiver.



  The other signal produced in Figure 9 is the output of scan control flip-flop 410, which is applied to relay K6 of Figure 8 to control the operation of mirror galvanometer 183 between the slow scan mode of one line per rotation and the sweep mode: fast during which 20 back and forth sweeps are performed; by rotation.



   The circuit of Figure 9 begins to operate as soon as the telephone handset is placed in box 127 of Figure 8, and a document is fed into

  <Desc / Clms Page number 27>

 the switch 306 activating the sweeper shown also in figure 8. This activates the relay K1, closes the contact KIa in figure 9 and allows the signal B to pass.
 EMI27.1
 Send contact K2c normally closed through periodic input triggers 405 and 406 for transmission to a remote connected transceiver.

   This same signal is also emitted through the periodic input triggers 419 ot 420 to the apparatus of figure 12 from which it returns to the pulse motor 178 of figure 8 to operate the motor at a ratio of one advance per rotation. of the drum 122, that is to say three advances per second. The emitted signal: under the condi.tiens described is shown in figure 10a. When a document has been advanced to the position of switch 309, relay K2 will be energized and thus open contact K2c normally closed and interrupt the emission of signals B.



  At the same time, the contact Kb2 (figure 8) closes and begins the scanning operation of the mirror galvanometer 183.
 EMI27.2
 li 'Ct'snairc now to connidt'rcr 1: ¯; signals arriving from 11 photo amplification: lU1ti: p1i ('ator 321 as well as condition ,,,, initi.1',.: 'd! -s flip-flop controls 40f3, 410, 414 and 417. In nl:; c.tta7t that the device must be adapted {.: '1 for use with ordinary documents having black information; on white, rather than the contrary, the output of amplifier 321 will be at its logic level "1" that is to say .. zero volts, when the photo-multiplier captures a black 1 mc: nt from the document ot at its logic level "p", c'c.: tû -.dirc

  <Desc / Clms Page number 28>

 minus 6 volts, when the photo-multiplier picks up a white element or low-background.



   Initially, that is, before the photo-muotiplier 186 detects printed matter or the like, the flip-flops 408, 410,414 and 417 will be at their levels 1, 0, 1, and 1, respectively. This can be verified by examining a subsequent discussion of circuit operation as the photo-multiplier 186 scans completely white lines of the document after scanning lines containing marks, printers or the like.



  Under the initial conditions, the flip-flop 410 acting by the periodic input trigger 404, prevents any signals from amplifier 321 from being output and leaves relay K6 of figure 8 un energized so that galvanometer 183 is connected to the pre-sweep generator 319. The flip-flop 414 allows the D signals to pass through the periodic input trigger 418 and be emitted through the periodic input triggers 405 and 406. This same signal is also. emitted through the periodic input triggers 419 and 420 to operate the pulse motor 178 of Figure 8. Finally, the flip-flop 414 also disables the periodic input trigger 416 and prevents the preview signal G from being activated. be issued.

   The signal emitted under the condition described is shown in FIG. 10b.



  Under these conditions, the document to be transmitted is advanced at a rate of 60 increments per second, which is 20 times faster than the lines can be recorded on the drum 122. As will be explained later, the writing quill carriage 154 is advanced at this same speed in an appropriate and remotely connected transceiver.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 29>

 



   Immediately after a black surface is detected on the scanned document, the operation of the circuit of Fig. 9 becomes quite different. The absence or reduction of the light falling on the photo-multiplier 186 produces a logic level "1" output signal from the square wave amplifier 321 and this signal is able to pass through the trigger. periodic input 403 to put the flip-flop 408 at its level "0" in order to re-engage the flipflop 410 at its logic level "This new level of the flipflop 410 connects the galvanometer 403 to the slow scanning generator 320 rather than to the pre-generator -fast scan At the next coincidence of signals D and F (see figure 7),

   the logic "1" level at the "0" output of flip-flop 408 is capable of passing through the periodic input trigger.



  411 to put the flip-flop 414 to its "0" level thus preventing the passing of additional signals of advancement D through the periodic input trigger 418, but allowing the next signal D to put the flip-flop 408 on its logic level "1" through the input trigger 407.



   Other signals will not be emitted until the next occurrence of the pre-video signal G. The signals emitted during a rotation of the typo drum are shown in FIG. 10c.



  On the next appearance of the pre-video signal G, the level at the "0" output of the flip-flop 414 is able to pass through the periodic input trigger 416 to set the flip-flop 417 to its "0" condition. and in time the signal G is applied to the NOR periodic input trigger 402 and passes through the periodic input trigger 406 for transmission. The "0" output of the flip-flop 417 is applied to the

  <Desc / Clms Page number 30>

 periodic input trigger 404 and immediately thereafter (Figure 7) the trigger video signal J is applied to the periodic input trigger 401.

   The combined presence of signal G at periodic input triggers 401 and 404, the "0" output of flip-flop 417, and the "1" output of flip-flop 410 allows video signals from amplifier 321 to pass to through periodic input triggers 401 and 404 and through periodic input trigger 406 for transmission.



  The remainder of this rotation or the slow scan cycle is applied to the transmission of the video information detected by the photo-multiplier 186, as shown in Fig. 10d. Note that the line now scanned by galvanometer 183 is the same line that was scanned once before at a faster rate under the control of pre-video generator 319, since the initial and innate effect of detecting a black surface of the transmitted document is to prevent further feed pulses D from being transmitted to a remote diverter or from being applied to the pulse motor 178.



   At the end of a slow sweep of the type shown in Figure 10d, the end of video signal 2 passes through the periodic input trigger 415 and sets the flip-flop 414 to the "1" condition, thereby allowing the next progress signal D to pass through the periodic input trigger 418.



  In mother time, C puts the flip-flop 417 at its level "1" and the short main signal. C can pass through periodic input trigger 409 to reset flip-flop 410 to its 0 level and again allows video signals from square wave amplifier 321 to reach the

  <Desc / Clms Page number 31>

 
 EMI31.1
 flip-ficp 4Ce, The # lvnoeter 183 ..r -.- .. r¯t4z: .w: dc; ::;, 1; #Yi connected to the generator of prô-b; 1? y; G .: 3.9 au vn-c: -t'7 ph8 l (C the wheat generator?, c slow 320 de .- =, rièr ,: û provide a rtr3ç: G 'plde p & 8 le belYG l'nt S' il ry ' y,. pc of the surf: lc (,; 3 which are dt, cl-6vr> on the LiCt.l: l ::?, t ¯'ll.;

   during this interval do rotrç3gù, the g.lvrno: zÈWr, V c.ntinu.r to be actuated by the pre-vidco generator 319 ut 1 progress signal D s \; Jrl1 trD.nsr1Ís to tr3.vrs the decL. nch ", uL 'of periodic intiate 418? after each sweep speed. The waveform emitted will then be coan shown in FIG. 10d. Cup0ndnt,
 EMI31.2
 immediately that a black surface is detected, the circuit
 EMI31.3
 of FIG. 9 will return to the node of b \ lY3G0 lut as already described, and the signal established for the remainder of the slow scan cycle will be the same as that shown in FIG. 10c. If a black area is detected along the next scan line the actual waveform is similar to that of Figure 10e.



  The operation of the '' ::: ï.ett0ur-RécJ1t ur ol'lin '.) R ..; r -'. Phiqu ... of soul 1 ,; r.1odQ d ':., .. 4> eic.n can nint ....! l: lnt: f, .r, describes' one T!' l11itl "r, lu :; simple, f" '. there '! no surfaces 27, :) i .: '. : '"u ti''ttLaiv'l'. ' : '' I: ut:. '¯ to 1 <detectiun à1? ij'Àél J lol ph.útCl-:, 1.11 tipU Ú, t ..: 'JI' l't l '' 1: 'Tlif: .... catuur are suitable, a docw ;; nt will be l..nd, .v.nt, 11'1: 1YÓ 5i.:,,.z¯ nativeuent 41 Giuchi il right4 and dl'01t; 1 .; it ¯ .., .. zrrh.

   Ihn: 1 this condition has no video information '' - o ne: h 1''1 v'1: .k, 11110 due to evsnc signals: .nt canctérioUques s: .z, = o nG <51; J - and s, rrs: a too. directed to the rater at iL1pulBioH of eninpion to get the document! 1 (: nt at the end of the click sweep of a unit, '1.und a black surface <. is detected during a b1Y61 .; fast, the docu! 1unt is no longer advanced then, an ivineuritnt signal from the

  <Desc / Clms Page number 32>

 
 EMI32.1
 document is not 6L, IL s 1; ctW. vs. ?at. , t, '0 ... t .¯s ::' '..... ¯ in slow mode.

   If the r: éc 'n :: "3'v ±, b: èl'1Y" \ S0 = "ézt-1;.,; Iir, c 1, glv: u1.o: lètr 183, reaches 10 tl2: 1pS 0t la p ::. 3 .: 1.; i:> il ..>. The cost of a slow sweep is 1? ::.: Ls:, i1''r, '.:. 11 sigml d The characteristic pre-video is omitted and subsequently the corresponding video signals on the scan are set to iis. t> 1 - end of the slow scan the document is advanced one unit, a paper advance signal is emitted, and the galvanometer performs a fast rotracing during which the video signals are not emitted. If any information is detected during the traceback
 EMI32.2
 another slow sweep is performed and the other feeds or signals of progress of the paper are stopped until the end of the slow sweep.

   If there is no information detected during fast scan redrawing, then the document is
 EMI32.3
 Advanced At the end of the trace, a progress signal is emitted, and subsequent rapid scans and feeds are made until black areas or other information is detected. In this way, each elementary line of the document that contains information is
 EMI32.4
 scanned twice, first by a fast b-'layagu and then by a slow sweep during which video signals are output. Due lines not carrying information are simple-
 EMI32.5
 Of which swept quickly once.

   From this 2zniér4 a document can be scanned a lot of times more xap.dtrr: cnt which is not the case when all the surfaces of the docuunt are scanned back to vj, normal tosaos corpitible "seen the means of eciission employed, a is-â.-d3.ro a telephone circuit. It is evident that by sweeping an inprinéc salt shaker, and more p rticu7.icre: xc: nt typewritten letters and the like, most of the lignos swept away only pass through white paper.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 33>

 



   In a typical belinographic transceiver corresponding to the. As shown, the vertical power is in the order of 100 scan lines by 2.54 kimetimeters and the horizontal power along the scan lines will be approximately the same. This level of power is generally accepted as being adequate to output printed, typewritten, vainly written, designs and the like without any loss of information and with an aesthetically acceptable level of quality. By increasing the power, the quality of the reproduced images is also increased, and nn also increases the time required for transmitting a document.

   It has been found, on the other hand, that by skipping alternate scan lines while keeping the horizontal power unchanged reduces the time required to issue a document to zero and provides intelligible, albeit less pleasing, Belinographic copies. the case where the original material is written or typed.



  Nuclei are provided to accomplish this only at the option of the operator-transmitter by incorporating switch 421, periodic input trigger 412, and converter 413. When switch 421 is open the circuit of Figure 9 operates as described above. In particular, at the end of a slow sweep, the flip-flop 414 is arranged to allow a single forward pulse D at the 0 degree position to be eniso and to operate the pulse motor 178.



  Immediately after this pulse has been transmitted (- ,,, the DF signal passes through the periodic input trigger 411, resets the flip-flop 414, t prevents the next D signal from passing through the periodic input trigger 418.



  However, when switch 421 is smoked, the converter

  <Desc / Clms Page number 34>

 413 is connected to periodic input trigger 411 and the two work together as a four input NAND periodic input trigger. Now the 30 cycle square wave, the H signal, is converted in the periodic input trigger 412 and is applied to converter 413 and prevents the reclosing signal from being applied to the flip-flop 414 during the critical period of 18 to 36 of the rotation of the drum 122.

   This is the period during which the second pulse D appears. therefore, in this operation record two consecutive forward pulses are elected and also applied to the pulse actor 178 before the pre-video signal G is played. A typical waveform expressed in this mode of operation is shown in Figure 10f. Thus, a document receives two increasing advancements between each slow scan.



   As described above the characteristic of double hopping is important, but can cause narrow horizontal lines or the like to be skipped complete if the transmitter is operated in this double hopping dodo. Narrow horizontal lines is intended to cover marks that are detected only on the ions of a single scan line.

     When the transceiver is operating in the fast blast mode shown in Figure 10b, the information detection will re-engage the flip-flop 414 almost immediately and prevent further transmission of the D-forward signals shown in Figure 10c.

   However, when switch 421 is closed, there is usually a 50% probability that the signal H is in its incorrect state: and thus delays the reclosing of the flip-flop 414 and allows

  <Desc / Clms Page number 35>

 
 EMI35.1
 '' 'TIiSS.i 2i; "1 '.': ±; pµùE2À d'3V'T.nc ..: .'- T .. ', lii lï' ± Ti'tl D ÙÎ ', t.é 1.Ô b'l? .Y .?. gL- <-i # bs6qu-.t n '.- si: ç'.i: l, à.Êgn; rur Lng =, # <.? l l. 'i.nf #> i':. ii = 1, =. T: iiJ µ. ", T; etôc,: x, i ± pl'j'j i à7ri #; 1" y> r.; Iii ".-; l, Ljn; q- = 1, ouib.

   Cct'cc situation -: ''.-Sn: it: ic-llH; '; 1, ritÀ -..-. ! .n i, cli, ini 1- =, ¯.; T l. 7 to 1 rI01:} "from G. ('C10nclt..tl't' ï.ti.- ':
 EMI35.2
 periodic 412, which;.: r, t CCI: ... 'tvdt :::, :: 1 Cv' ",.; d (;! '6 - ..; C4," ::: C: a dueclonc ! 1C {'lr to enter periodically: ÎlÈll. 1 \:' 11r.l '"1 nt a doubla D1Ut? Go un ,: line contonint already inior: l.it7tâ black t ..' .. another , the circuit works CX'ctC: 1 known \ .mt described below: eSU8, J ctint at the level of 0 volt pcndn # the interval, of tCl1PS applicable. Ccpendant, if the infol'I .: ' 1tiçn is dÓtl..ct0iJ first in a sequence of b'J.lYQgs vez, 7 G \ .. r: 1. Nu ni Vû'1U of rivins 6 volts, ut 5 Fi scna CLpr, blL of 1'0 '; nclunchur read ilip-theyp 414 for the control will advance sanp 6p:'. rd .¯.u level of signal n, thus avoiding the er.1mission of il1.utl '...: S SirIl ^ x7C d''1.v'1.nc ... :: wnt D.



  Figure 11 is a dingr ^, ea: tique of the anpiificatuur phûto-T; ul tiplic '.. t ..: ur 31- Un: FIïfiG ^ .i: i.on voltage converter 501 .1.pli riù li output of the phot (.riultiplier and provides a signal which is more positive when the phot3-uliplic ".tcur b ^ 1 ^ .i. a 8ur1" '. 0' .; 11'.ncht ,; c'u to a background t1 't; c .t is no longer n06 "", tif DI.il bliu unw 01.11' ±: \ (: ', \; black. This signil of the output is r;, liô t; 1 = r <c ;;; at tr: l \ r0ra uno capacity 502 t't lin r :: l: U0: 3Lut "503 which fv: IGtiC} n2lnt iii.iG; .. ixlt's COr'-1i; rcd; zs; u du point ;: tournion, int un-j ti.:!J.cion de Surfis bl, oqucu at 0 volt pJu due bottom surfaces t 1; 5j; =. tiir; fear of black surfcus., s. Ccttu tl: nnl (, n <: 't: = r ,, liis <. p # d ''. '3 x'ai st; n¯ culs 505 4t 506 à la bzz à pol'1rÜ: "' th, n I1'Jr:. :: 1h., lunt positlvu of a trl1nniDtç.r pnp 50 ?.

   When read pllOt, 1-J.: 111 tiplic "t.:>ur via <: U1h: black surface \ ;; , l1plii'ic'lt \ ,; ul '501 will produce an oign.tl of ;; ortl-

  <Desc / Clms Page number 36>

 
 EMI36.1
 negative which r '"nc.r' \ le tr; nrist =. = 507:.: -.? r.b". , 1 .... ^, ¯: .¯. ', 4a .2: è.0'lclopper an- exit "0" r. P J :: '> <,: .. l'1: L .. (: '' ,, ';': '7 ,, .. ii ... yt ,.;'. il Pen.'lCtzmt the remainder of. '4i: iaâ 1 s-rti cl '' 1 "::: 'l ,,': ..,;".



  1i: 1it6u D. mins 6 volts. P:, r.dnG 1. t0 :::;:; ::: that. 1 ..;, V.>. ¯. plier 18G aim ". norn + 11,.:; cnt 1 .. :: J edges of .oc.aT.w !; other portions which are not i, 3. '" ...; r .: i; :: â 1 <..: transistor, [1, is terminated off by a niGn1 J so that 1 4y :: üwû;: 502 is not subsequent charge, but holds s charge in relation to 1 time constant detin6 pAr s value and by that of resistors 505 and 506, ie. 's4 r'.ppelltJ "of the bottom level. Therefore, the output of the amplifier
321 is a signal which is sure at its logic "1" level when black is scanned and at its logic "0" level when white is scanned.

   It is evident that a circuit set can also be used which produces a more conplexo decision of black and white, such as that described in U. S. patent applications No. 329,640, filed December 11.
1963, or the U.S. patent application; No: 461,693 deposited on June 7, 1965!

  <Desc / Clms Page number 37>

 
Reception and alarm circuits
Fig. 12 shows the power and control circuits of the printing part of the transceiver. The recording drum 122 is driven by a motor 150 as already shown in Fig. 3. The motor 150 is driven by a signal A in FIG. 6, following an appropriate amplification by a power amplifier 601.

   The writing quill carriage 154 is mounted on a guide screw 159 driven by pulse motors 160 and 161, as also shown in the figure The individual drive coils 606 for motor 160 and 607 for motor 161 are shown in this figure.

   The impulse motors used to control the guide via 159 can be of an appropriate type described in combination with the impulse motor 178. In the described embodiment, the impulse motors 160 and 161 can: be of the "Cyclonomous" type. , manufactured by Sigma Instruments, previously described in combination with the Impulse Motor 178. A unitary assembly of two such uni-directional impulse motors mounted on a back to back common shaft is available under the model designation 9 AH.

   The pulse motors are driven by pulses applied alternately to the two drive coils and a special amplifier 608, shown in more detail in Fig. 14, is provided to produce the necessary drive pulses. The output of this amplifier is connected to contacts b and c of a relay Kl (figure 8) which direct the pulses either to the recording pulse motor of figure 12 or to the pulse motor of the transmitter.
 EMI37.1
 â4 Figure 8.

   If a Tl '0,:'; t ViS document issued, 1 .: .-? iis Kl 1: ';:'.; # ru j; r <s c.:.c. 6 .t the contacts,. ^ -, arcxc in the! o: J. t: 0! -

  <Desc / Clms Page number 38>

 shown connecting amplifier 608 to printing parts rather than transmitting parts.



   Another set of relay contacts K3d and K3e determine whether the pulses are applied to the pulse motor 160 for the forward direction or to the pulse motor 161 for the reverse direction. A relay K3 is shown in this figure and will be described below.



  To complete the description of this part of the figure, it should be noted that another contact of relay K3 allows the control of amplifier 608 either by the pulses D of figure 6 or by pulses of a periodic input trigger. NOR 609 which is connected to the periodic input trigger 420 of Figure 9 and to the periodic input triggers 734 and 735 of Figure 15 which will be described below.



  The pulses derived from Figure 9 are intended to be applied to the pulse motor 178 of Figure 8 and this is accomplished by the previously described relay contacts Klb and kle which connect the output of amplifier 608. The circuit of Figure 15 are the pulses for operating the pulse motor 160 and they pass from amplifier 608 to motor 160 through the relay contacts described previously if a document is not transmitted.



   A power amplifier 610 amplifies the printer or video signal of Fig. 15 and applies it to the recording tip 156 and an amplifier 611 amplifies the pen engage signal of Fig. 15 and applies it to the recording tip. electromagnetic assembly 157 of the writing quill carriage 154.



   Cams 162 and 163 are associated with drum 122 as previously shown in Fig. 3. A voltage of minus 6 volts is applied across switch 104.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 39>

 to resistor 602 connected to ground, and through switch 165 to resistor 604 connected to ground, the switches being controlled by cams 162 and 163 respectively. The voltage that appears directly through resistor 602 is the control voltage M described previously and this voltage after being converted in converter 603 is control voltage M. Similarly, voltage S across resistor 604 is converted in converter 605 and becomes the control voltage S.



  These voltages are used to control the timing circuits of Figure 6 and their functions have already been described. It is evident that there are many ways to derive such drum rotation control voltages 122. Magnetic proximity switches, photoelectric sensors and the like can be used as well as the switches shown. controlled by cams. In addition, a switch or the like can be used to produce a signal at a desired position of drum 122 and a multi-circuit.
 EMI39.1
 vibrator or similar circuit - can nlr: #n "tr 1,1ti1iD ':' to determine the duration of the signal.

   It. ::: t iJu:;> 1 'fvtunt that the functions d (.,. 3 commutat (; ure 101. and 165; e, v: wt? Sort, executed fold the use of ugcn or division: ; uH'16m ': ntl1ircG, periodic tripping circuits and similar means in Figure 6. However, the method shown
 EMI39.2
 to derive these DiC; Ut1.uX is particulii: l \ ': ml..nt Gimpi'., economic 4 and Guro.



  1 "f: CO!: 1r.utatcuro security G12 and 613 are located adjacent '.ux ..xtr4ritéc <d4 the screw of u3, lr; c: 159 Lt Slow adapted ;; for, r .: engaged by plumi's cart,> 1; write 11 4 to 1imLtr, u c; aucht: 3 and straight lines of the run. The switch

  <Desc / Clms Page number 40>

 Safety switch 613 has a normally open contact which is closed by engagement with the writing quill carriage at the end of a normal stroke of the writing quill carriage 154 and the safety switch 612 has a normally closed contact which is opened by the writing quill carriage as it returns to the starting position. Closing the safety switch 613 energizes relay K3 which closes contact (a) and keeps relay K3 energized through a circuit including safety switch 612.

   The energization of relay K3 connects the input of the drive amplifier 608 to the signals D in figure 6 and causes the output of the drive amplifier to be carried over from the pulse motor 180 for forward steering to the pulse motor. 161 in reverse direction. Another contact on relay k3 sends a control voltage to the circuit of Figure 15, which will be described below. When relay K3 is energized, quill pen carriage 154 is returned rapidly to the left with a rate of 60 increments per second by pulse motor 161.

   If the writing pen carriage 154 returns to the start position, it opens the safety switch 612 which de-energizes the K3 relay and returns the various pulse motor control connections to their normal forward position, prior to saving a new document. on drum 122.



   Three multi-vibrators with a socket 620, 621 and 622 are connected to have their outputs parallel,:. so that only one of them can energize a K5 relay. The multivibrator 621 is also provided with a converter 623 to allow control by a negative input signal instead of a positive signal. If the relay K5 is energized, the contact (a) is formed and keeps the relay energized @ through a circuit

  <Desc / Clms Page number 41>

 including alarm reset switch 130.



  The other contact (b) applies voltage to alarm signal 624 and to alarm oscillator 315 of Figure 8, previously described. To cut the alarm signal, the operator must operate the reset switch 130 which interrupts the connection of the maintenance of the contact relata (a), but also momentarily energizes the relay K3. Therefore if the alarm is silenced, the writing quill carriage 154 will return to its starting position.



   Multivibrator 622 is connected to the output of narrowband demodulator 318 of Figure 8, which detects an alarm operation at a remotely connected receiving unit if the transceiver is in the transmitting mode.



  The multivibrator 621 is connected to the transmit control signal T and signals an alarm when this signal goes astray, which can be caused by premature removal of the telephone device from the telephone coupling boot or by the end of document issuance. Multivibrator 620 is connected to a control signal of Figure 15 which indicates either loss of receiver synchronization or inefficiency of subsequent recording capacity as indicated by pen carriage 154 reaching the safety switch. 613 at the end of its available stroke.



  Therefore, the alarm signal will indicate the end of the transmission of a document to the sender as well as to the receiver, will signal a loss of reception synchronization or the absence of a subsequent recording capacity, will indicate a premature removal of the telephone handset from the telephone box, and will signal to a transmitting unit the operation of an alarm of a remote receiving unit.



  By resetting the alarm at a receiving unit, the mechanism

  <Desc / Clms Page number 42>

   recording is reset to its position for a new recording attempt.



   Figure 13 is a modified version of part of Figure 12. Drum 122, a drive motor 150, and gear 151, 152 and 153 remain the same, however, a rotary potentiometer 661 is now connected to a gear. fool 152 and a rotary potentiometer 662 is connected to drum 122. Each potentiometer is connected to positive and negative potential sources as shown. The voltage which appears at the wiper will then be a predetermined function of the position of the potentiometer shaft.



  Potentiometer 661 provides a 30 cycle waveform, which, when amplified, can be used to actuate galvanometer 183 in the pre-scan mode. Potentiometer 662 produces a substantially linear waveform by rotating drum 122. This signal, after being amplified, can drive galvanometer 183 in the normal scan mode.



  Thus the potentiometers shown can replace either one or both of the scan generators 319 and 320 as shown in Fig. 8. The waveform produced by the potentiometer 662 can be made somewhat nonlinear to compensate for the tangency relationship somewhat. non-linear due to the control voltage applied to the galvanometer 183 and the displacement of the resulting scanning spot. Film type potentiometers with characteristics suitable for the application shown can be obtained from the "Computer Instruments Corporation".



  Since an appropriate spot return can be incorporated into the waveband of potentiometer 662, or sweep generator 320, minor modifications in the circuit of Figure 9 will allow potentiometer 6G2 or generator

  <Desc / Clms Page number 43>

 320 to control the galvanometer 183 during the slow sweeps and the fast sweeps following the slow sweeps.



   Figure 14 is a simplified schematic diagram of the control amplifier 608 of the pulse motor shown in Figure 12. A voltage converter amplifier 671 controls a flip-flop trigger circuit which is analogous in function to that of the figure 5e.



  The output of the flip-flop is transformer coupled to a pair of output transistors which provide a short duration pulse to a different coil of a pulse motor (not shown in this figure), whenever a positive pulse is applied to amplifier 671.



  The circuit shown is a modification of a control circuit of a pulse motor. Due to the use of the coupling transformer, only short pulses will normally be applied to the coils of the pulse motor. However, it has been found that the performance of the impulse motor at the high speeds desired in this invention is essentially improved by the addition of the two 680 ohm coupling resistors 672 and 673. these provide direct current coupling from the flip-flop to the output transistors so that the initial pulse of short duration! towards a babin, - of a pulse motor is followed by a steady current of lower intensity which continues after the normal forward pulse has ended.

   This provides additional electrical braking and expansion forces which help stabilize the pulse transition more quickly.



   Figure 15 shows the receiver logic circuitry side of the synchre @@@@ tin. Stronger lines again indicate the signal pitch. It is convenient

  <Desc / Clms Page number 44>

 initially assume that the transceiver is in receive mode, as controlled by the absence of a document in the scanner, and that the timing circuits of the figure are in synchronism with those of the transmitter connected to idstances.



  The incoming signal from demodulator 316 of Figure 8 is applied to periodic input triggers 711 and 712 in parallel. The output of the periodic input trigger 71 is applied to an input of the periodic input trigger @ 714 while the output of the periodic input trigger 711 first passes through a delay circuit to a tap 713 before d 'be applied to the other input of the trigger' ,,,, ::: periodic input NOR 714. The single tap circuit 713 ignites @@@ all signals that are at logic level 1 for a time less than one millisecond.

   Signals that last longer than a millisecond trigger the single tap circuit and produce a 4.2 millisecond or 4.5 millisecond output pulse whose start is delayed by one millisecond of the input pulse . Circuit 713 is used to receive the control pulses as opposed to video signals to prevent subsequent circuits from reacting to spurious pulses etc. Either the direct input signals or those picked up by the circuit 713 can be applied to the remainder of the circuits of FIG. 15 depending on the function of the periodic input trigger 711 or of the periodic input trigger 712.

   Initially, the periodic input trigger 711 is opened and the periodic input trigger 712 is closed allowing the signal from circuit 613 to pass through the NOR periodic input trigger 714 to the NAND periodic input trigger 727.

   The other two inputs of this periodic input trigger are the level
 EMI44.1
 do oontrôlo de recoption R ut a signal indicating the syrchrony-4-4 - i,

  <Desc / Clms Page number 45>

 If the transceiver is in the receive mode and is properly synchronized to a remote transmitter, the input signals are able to pass through the periodic input trigger 727 and through the converter 728 from which they are applied. periodic input triggers 729, 730, 733, and 734.

   As soon as a coincidence is detected in the periodic input trigger 729 between the input signal and an internal pre-video signal G. crimping the periodic input trigger 729 will set the flipflop 731 to its logic level "1" which in turn disables the periodic input trigger 711 and operates the periodic input trigger 712, allowing signals undeveloped input to be distributed through Figure 9. Subsequent signals arriving at periodic input trigger 733 within the printing period determined by video signal 1 of the periodic input trigger will pass through the trigger. periodic input 733 and are applied to the recording tip of Figure 13.

   At the end of each print line the signal N will re-engage the flip-flop 731 thus disabling the periodic input trigger 733 and conditionally actuating the periodic input trigger 734 which forms a periodic input trigger NAND a. four inputs with the periodic input trigger 735. The same coincidence with the internal pulse G that first triggered the flip-flop 731 simultaneously re-triggers the flipflop 732 through the periodic input trigger 730.



   The state of flip-flop 731 and periodic input triggers 711 and 712 is changed at the end of each print line, but flip-flop 732 will normally remain in its reset position until a document

  <Desc / Clms Page number 46>

 was recorded completely on drum 122. With the flip-flop 731 in the reset condition and the flip-flop 732 also being in the reset condition, the matches between the incoming signal and the internal D signal are detected and each coincidence is applied through a NOR periodic input trigger 604 in FIG. 12 to the pulse motor 160 of this same figure.

   The description in combination with Figures 9 and 10 shows that the print pulse motor 160 will exactly follow the operation of the scan pulse motor 178 in a remotely connected transmitter.



   While flip-flop 732 remains in the reset condition, the recording tip will be pressed against drum 122 by periodic input trigger 736 connected between flip-flop 732 and amplifier 611 of Figure 12. Signal I is also applied to periodic input trigger 736 to raise the recording tip as it passes over clamp bar 123. Thus, neither recording nor passing functions can begin before d. '' have captured a pulse of pre-video G.



  If the recording is not to be continued, the flip-flop 732 will be triggered either by an input of the contact (b) of the alarm relay K5 in figure 12, or by an out of sync signal from the circuits shown in the figure 15.



  The triggering of the flip-flop 732 by an unadjusted synchronization signal also activates the alarm circuit of figure 12 because of the connection indicated between the output "1" of the flipflop and the alarm multivibrator 620 of figure 12.



   In order for two transceivers according to the invention to work together, it is necessary to bring them and maintain them in synchronism with one another. More specifically, this

  <Desc / Clms Page number 47>

 means that the signal D produced in the receiver must remain in substantial coincidence with the corresponding incoming signal, or that the signal D produced in the receiver must have the same relation to the rotation of the drum 122 as the corresponding pulse picked up with respect to the drum 122 of the transmitter tuned when it was emitted. Referring to Figures 9 and 10a, it can be seen that the Belinographic transceiver of the invention always transmits a series of B signals before transmitting control or video signals.

   These signals can be used to establish synchronization to the corresponding receiver and means are also provided for maintaining synchronism during any transmission of a document. Assuming the receiver is initially very far out of sync with the transmitter, the situation will be as shown to the left of Figure 16, which shows various waveforms produced in the sync action.

   The fact of the non-synchronization will be detected in the periodic input triggers 720 and 722 which collectively form a four input NAND periodic input trigger, the integrated video signal of the circuit 713 is compared with the signal f1 which is the form invense wave derived from cam 162 and extending from 7.5 to 352.5. If the input signals B fall within this interval, a conditional match will be detected in the input trigger. periodic 620 onro the input signal and read the signal 'il.

   The periodic input trigger 722 is actuated
 EMI47.1
 by read output "1" of flip-flop 732 which, as described in antriot; .s. z: *, is at the start in the triggered condition, and by the signal 5. which prevents the first pre-video signal G picked up from passing through the periodic atrée trigger. The non-coincidence signal of the periodic input triggers 720 and 72

  <Desc / Clms Page number 48>

 operates flip-flop 716 to its logic "1" level and turns on signal light 131 through amplifier 717.

   If the synchronization between the receiver and the transmitter is very bad, then the picked up B signals also fall outside the internal Q signals and a coincidence will be detected in the periodic input trigger 704 between the input signals and the Q signals. , thus re-engaging the 705 flip-flop to its' O 'condition.'
With flip-flops 705 and 716 in the condition described and with the receiver control signal R at its logic "1" level, the K signals will be able to pass through the periodic input trigger 709 and 710 and through. NOR periodic input trigger 706 to multivibrator 719 which produces a positive pulse of 0.2 milliseconds.



  This pulse from multivibrator 719 is applied to reclosing diodes 204 of Figure 6 and resets all stages of counter 203 to zero. Since signal K is produced in Figure 6 at a count of 56, counter 203 resets to the count of 56 rather than the normal count of 64 and all waveforms as well as drive motor 150 and drum. 122 are accelerated in a ratio of 64 to 56 or about 14%. This causes the picked up signal B to quickly catch up with the picked up signal B of the transmitter.



   Since the receiving drum 122 now rotates more than 4100 for each rotation of the lump breaker drum in the corresponding one, it is possible to change one rotation from the condition in which the sensed pulse B is ahead of the internal signal M to the condition where it is late., A synchronization condition would not be detected under these circumstances and the eventual establishment of synchronization would be delayed. This possibility can be eliminated

  <Desc / Clms Page number 49>

 by speeding up the counter by a smaller value so that the receiving drum catches up with the transmitting drum more gradually or by increasing the aperture of the signal M. The first of these methods will always increase the time required for synchronization and the second is also undesirable.

   However, in the circuit shown, the coincidence between the picked up signals B and the Q signal is first determined. The combined length of the M and Q signals which branch out is such that the signal B cannot pass during a single rotation. . The Q signal is converted in the converter 737 to form a Q signal which is then compared in the periodic input trigger 708 with the input signal from the NOR periodic input trigger 714 and also with the M signal. coincidence is detected between the incoming signal and the Q signal but not with the M signal, then the flip-flop 705 will be put into the "1" condition and the K signals flow through the periodic input trigger 709 and 710 will stop.

   On the contrary, L signals previously triggered against the Q signals in the periodic input trigger 701 and the converter 702, can pass through the periodic input trigger 703 and from it through the periodic input trigger NOR. 707 to the 719 multivibrator.

   The signal L is produced in the circuit of figure 6 at counts 62 and 63 and therefore when it is used to reset the counter it causes the counter and associated components to accelerate in a ratio of 64 to 62 or approximately. 3%. However, signal L can pass through trigger 701 only if signal Q is also present with the result that relatively few L pulses can pass to reset the counter,

  <Desc / Clms Page number 50>

 thus causing cycles at an average speed only one louse higher than the normal cycle of 60 per second.



  This allows the receiver to slowly advance by the small amount still needed to achieve full synchronization.



   If essential synchronization is finally achieved a coincidence will be detected in the periodic input trigger 715 between the input signal and the internally produced signal M, and the periodic input trigger.
 EMI50.1
 715 will reset the flip-flop 716 to the condition "0" thus turning off signal lamp 131 and preventing the K or L reset signals from reaching the NOR 707 periodic input trigger. At the same time, the flip-flop 716 will operate the periodic input trigger 727 and allow the print control circuit of this previously described figure to respond to incoming signals or control signals, or control or video signals.

   It must be remembered, however, that the printer does not start printing in step until after having received the first pre-video signal G, thus avoiding any loss of the recording paper wound around the drum 122. The reception of the first Prevideo signal G will disable flip-flop 722 by resetting flip-flop 732 and prevent subsequent video signals from changing after the state of flip-flop 716.



   The periodic input triggers 721 and 723 and the periodic input triggers 725 and 726 can be viewed as two separate five input NAND periodic input triggers. Each of these five periodic input triggers are conditionally actuated by the "0" output of the flip-flop 616 and each is connected to the incoming signals from the NOR periodic input trigger 614. Each is connected to the incoming signals from the NOR 614 periodic input trigger.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 51>

 is conditionally triggered by the reception control signal R. However, one periodic input trigger is triggered by signal M while the other is triggered by delay signal N. Finally, the periodic input triggers are alternately triggered by flip-flop 732.

   Before the reception of the first G preview signal the flip-flop 732 is in the engaged condition and triggers the periodic input triggers 725 and 726, Any incoming signal, probably a B signal or a D signal which appears in the determined interval by the signal M, will pass through the periodic input trigger NOR 724 to the multivibrator 719 described previously and will reset the counter 203 of FIG. 6 to zero. In this way, the receiver's counter is finally; placed one exact coincidence of phase with the meter of the transmitter, thus achieving a perfect synchronism.

   A correction of ¯ 9 is possible in this way. Although the oscillator of receiver 2Q2 may be a little faster or slower than the corresponding oscillator of the transmitter, the phase error accumulated between the two is eliminated each time rotation of the drum 122 laying all the belinographic emission.



   After a first pre-video signal has been picked up, the flip-flop 732 will be in the reset condition and the periodic input triggers 721 and 723 will operate rather than the periodic input triggers 725 and 726.



  This allows the reclose pulses to be applied to counter 203 to be tripped against signal N rather than signal M to provide greater protection against false reclose with a pulse at the end of the period intended for transmission. video on comparison to control signals. During the belinographic printing operation

  <Desc / Clms Page number 52>

 true, the incoming signal will be switched between the periodic input triggers 711 and 712 so that video signals are distributed unchanged throughout the circuit of Figure 15 but the control signals pass through circuit 613 first.



   The circuits of Figure 15 can also be used in essentially unchanged form to achieve synchronization by a different method, instead of using a fixed frequency oscillator 201, in Figure 6 operating a variable ratio divider 203 as a deait. previously, the oscillator may be of the frequency controllable type and the reset diodes of counter 204 may be eliminated.



  In the transmit mode, there are no control signals applied to the oscillator and the transceiver will operate precisely as previously described. In receive mode, flip-flop 705 can be used to trigger one of two control voltages to the oscillator to force it to speed up by a larger or smaller value as described. Performing a rough sync will reset flip-flop 716 as before, causing the incoming control signals to trigger through periodic input triggers 721, 723, 725, and 726 to a conventional phase-sensitive detector that compares them with an internal signal B and produces a variable stall phase correction signal for application to an oscillator 201.



   A hybrid system can also be used in which counter 203 retains its reclosing capability and oscillator 201 is again a stable oscillator, but with limited frequency control capability.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 53>

 



  In this modification the flip-flop 705 will direct the reset signals to counter 203 as previously described to achieve a rough synchronization after which the flip-flop 716 will be reset to allow a phase sensitive detector to produce a control voltage for the switch. 'apply to oscillator 201 to achieve, and afterwards to maintain precise synchronization.



   FIG. 15 also includes a circuit for controlling the synchronization of the reversible counter to avoid a loss of synchronization. Internally generated G signals are applied to periodic input trigger 751 which, however, is disabled by flip-flop 716 until synchronization is achieved. When rough synchronism resets flip-flop 716 to its "0" level, signals will arrive at periodic input trigger 753 within a time interval determined by signal N.

   Assuming that the flip-flop trigger 762 as well as the flip-flop trigger 755 are at their "1" level, then the output of the periodic input trigger 764 is at zero volts or at its logic "1" level, and incoming signals B or D will pass through flip-flop 753 and converter 754 and switch flip-flop 757 to its logic "0" level. The next input signal to periodic input trigger 753 will switch flip-flop 757 back to its "1¯ condition. Soon after the input signal to periodic input trigger 753, having passed through a circuit of delay 756, such as a multivibrator, arrives at periodic input trigger 758 and allows the "1" output of flip-flop 757 to pass through converter 759 and switch flip-flop 752 to its "0 level ".

   The third successive input signal to the trigger

  <Desc / Clms Page number 54>

 periodic input 753 will switch flip-flop 757 back to its logic "0" level. With both flip-flops at logic "1", periodic input trigger 764 will disable periodic input trigger 653 and subsequent incoming signals that appear at periodic input trigger will be ineffective.



   Soon after one second after flip-flop 716 is reset with the time determined by delay element 750, periodic input trigger 751 will be able to accept internally generated G signals.



  The effect of signals passing through periodic input trigger 751 is exactly opposite to that of signals passing through periodic input trigger 753, due to general symmetry. Assuming flip-flop 757 and 762 are both at level "0" the first incoming pulse G will set flip-flop 757 to "1", the next will set flip-flop 757 to "1", and the flip -flop 762 to "1", and a third will set flip-flop 757 to "1" and keep flip-flop 762 to "1". Periodic input trigger 763 will then prevent further pulses from changing the states of the flip-flops.

   However, the next pulse G will be differentiated by a differentiation device 765, that is to say a capacitor, and will be applied to an input of the periodic input trigger 766, the other two inputs of which are connected to the outputs "1 "of both flip-flop.



  A coincidence will be detected at the periodic input trigger 766, the output of which will put the flip-flop 732 back to its "1" level and therefore begin the alarm action shown in Figure 12.



   During normal operation the flip-flops 757 and 762 are at their "0" level before the reception of the first signal

  <Desc / Clms Page number 55>

 pre-video G as a result of receiving three or more B or D signals in periodic input trigger 753. After synchronism is detected, internally produced G signals can also pass through. the periodic input trigger 751.



  Thus, during normal operation, a signal G will switch flip-flop 757 to its "1" level, the next incoming signal B will switch it back to its "0" level and so on without ceasing. However, when the receiver is no longer in tune with the transmitter, or if the signals picked up have gone astray due to a transmission failure or similar cause, the signals will no longer pass through the periodic input trigger 753. and the reversible counter will count only the G signals which pass through the periodic input trigger 751.

   After four failures to receive a properly tuned signal at periodic input trigger 753, trigger 766 will detect a match and produce the receiver and transmitter alarm arrangement.



   The flip-flops 757 and 752 and its associated components constitute a form of a reversible counter, but it is evident that other forms of the electronically or electromechanically reversible counter are not well known and can be used as well, as can be integrators of the type. similar.



   It is obvious that the embodiment illustrated and described above is only an example. Many modifications which present most or all of the advantages of the invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. Only a few will be mentioned below. Thus, the fundamental operating speed, the line spacing and the ratio of fast sweeps to sweeps.

  <Desc / Clms Page number 56>

 This depends on the quality of the image desired, the capabilities of the components available, and the signal transmission speed possible with the particular modulators, demodulators or transmission channels.

   When transmission channels permit, pulse encryption or multi-level coding techniques can be employed to transmit control or video signals. The rotating drum 122 can be replaced by various other well known forms of belinographic recording apparatus. In particular, rotary vane recorders and those having pencils supported by an endless seam as well as cathode ray tube recorders, are suitable. When the disadvantages associated with a photosensitive recording medium can be accepted, the belinographic scanner described. can be used as a recorder by substituting a dimmable lamp for the photo-multiplier. represented.

   In addition, the illustrated scanner may be replaced by a cathode ray tube scanner of a known type. However, it is necessary that means be available to the scanner and to the recorder to effect a controlled and increasing advance of the scanning line by. relative to the scanned document or to the recording medium, and that the scanner has multiple scanning speeds. The multiple line scanner and associated logic control of US Application No. 471,874, filed July 14, 1965, may be employed, instead of the several components and circuits shown in Figures 8 and 9. Similarly, the functions of transmission and reception can also be separated instead of being combined in a single transceiver,

 

Claims (1)

Claims; 1. An image signal transceiver comprising logic means for producing periodic timing pulse modes, timing means responsive to selected timing pulse modes to produce a plurality of repetitive timing signals in in phase with the timing pulses, a scanning means of the Belinographic transmitter selectively excitable and responsive to the timing means to produce video signals corresponding to the information content of an original document to be transmitted, a printing means of the Belinographic receiver selectable excitable and sensitive to the signals picked up to produce a belinogram corresponding to the video signals picked up, a first control means responsive to the detected presence of a document to be transmitted to energize the scanning means of the transmitter, and a second control means responsive to the detected absence of an original document to be transmitted and to receive video signals to excite the printing medium of the belinographic receiver. 2. The transceiver of claim 1 wherein the logic means comprises a plurality of reclosable and bistable devices in a divider configuration and wherein the first control means comprises at least one sensing switch and sensitive reclosing means. to the operation of the switch to operate this divider at a fixed frequency. 3.1 The transceiver of claim 1 or 2 wherein the logic means comprises a plurality of EMI57.1 resettable and bistable devices in a configuraH'6n <Desc / Clms Page number 58> divider and wherein the second control means comprises means for synchronizing the divider according to the received synchronization signals. 4. An image signal transceiver according to one of claims 1 to 3 comprising advancement means responsive during operation of the first control means to cause relative movement in uniform increments between the original document and the means of. transmitter sweep, a blasting means for effective empty surfaces at least before the start of the next successive sweep of this sweeping means to determine the presence or absence of information in the next predetermined part of this document in front of the scanning means and in response to the detection of an empty surface to operate the advancement means to make this scanning means jump over this empty surface, and means for successively transmitting the video signals with timing pulses selected to form a compound signal containing video and control signals indicative of each operation of that transmitter advancement means. 5. An image signal transceiver according to claim 4 comprising advancing means for the sensitive printer during operation of the second control means for incrementally advancing the belinographic printing means to enable the printing means. printing means for recording on successive surfaces of a recording means, and signal distribution means responsive during operation of the second monitoring means for separating the video and monitoring signals from the compound signal <Desc / Clms Page number 59> and to apply the video signals to the in-device means and to derive progress signals in order. to select the means of advancement of the printer, 6. A transceiver according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the operation of the advancing means requires less time than the operation of the scanning means of the transmitter. 7. A belinographic transceiver according to one of the preceding claims wherein the logic means comprises a timing frequency source, a multi-stage frequency divider coupled to that timing frequency source, and wherein the belinographic printer means of the receiver comprises a scanner continuously operated by and in synchronism with the divider, the timing means being responsive to the divider and the printer's scanner to derive a plurality of repetitive timing signals in phase with the divider and the scanning device. 8. A transceiver according to claim 7 comprising a mode of operating the divider at a fixed frequency and; comprising a triggering means capable of blocking re-engagement signals from this frequency divider. 9. A transceiver according to one of claims 5 to 8 comprising means for optionally triggering one of the timing signals as a progress signal indicative of each operation of the transmitter progress means, means for triggering at the same time. choice of one of the timing signals as the pre-video signal indicative of an imminent broadcast from a news line, the means of advancement of the printer <Desc / Clms Page number 60> being only responsive to incoming progress signals and the signal distributing means being only sensitive to time coincidences between incoming signals and incoming timing signals selected to relate the incoming signals to the printing means only following signals from pre-video captured and for a length of time corresponding to a scan and to link only the advancement signals to the advancing means of the printer thus causing the advancing means of the printer to operate in step with the means of advancement of the remote transmitter. 10. A transceiver according to one of the preceding claims wherein the transmitter scanning means is capable of operating either in a slow scanning mode synchronized with the printer scanning means or in a fast scanning mode. , the speed of the fast scanning mode being at least twice that of the slow scanning mode, a transceiver means comprising means connected to the scanning means and being responsive to the detection of video information during fast scanning to transfer the scanning medium to the slow scanning mode to then scan a full line. 11. A transceiver according to one of the preceding claims wherein the printing means comprises a rotating drum. 12. A transceiver according to one of the preceding claims also comprising means for indicating the absence <Desc / Clms Page number 61> original document to be scanned, lack of synchronization or incoming control signals. 13. A transceiver according to claim 12 comprising a synchronization control system adapted to control the synchronization condition of the timing pulses of a receiver produced internally with sensed synchronization pulses, the system comprising a memory device for accumulating an amount. predetermined information, a first control means for increasing the information content of that memory device in response to each timing pulse produced internally, a second control means for decreasing the information content of the storage device. memory in response to each received synchronization pulse, and means responsive to a predetermined information content of the memory device for signaling the detection of a loss of the synchronization condition. 14. A transceiver according to claim 13 wherein the memory device comprises a plurality of flip-flop means disposed in a reversible counter configuration and wherein first and second monitoring means include trigger means for optionally operating the counter in opposite directions. 15. A transceiver according to claim 13 or 14, comprising means which is effective before synchronization is effected to set the memory device to a predetermined value. <Desc / Clms Page number 62> 16. A transceiver according to one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the second monitoring means is responsive only to each of the synchronization signals sensed in a repetitive synchronization time interval, this time interval having a time relation. predetermined with the repetitive pulse frequency of the timing sig @ aux. 17. A transceiver according to one of claims 13 to 16, comprising means responsive to a predetermined value of said memory device for interrupting the operation of the Belinographic Receiver, means for resetting the Belinographic Receiver to the starting condition, and means for transmitting a control signal to the belinographic transmitter connected to the receiver. 18. A transceiver according to one of claims 12 to 17, comprising means for producing video and control signals corresponding to the information content of the original document during operation of the transmitter and also comprising a r @ cepter b @ linographic having means for recording in response to video and control signals picked up on recording means thereby producing a belinogram of the original document, alarm means detecting predetermined improper operation of the receiver or transmitter, respectively, and a means for signaling to the other station the detection of an incorrect operation detected. 19. A transceiver according to claim 18, wherein the receiver alarm means comprises first means for detecting the determination of an emission of the radio. <Desc / Clms Page number 63> the transmitter connected remotely :, a second means for detecting the loss of synchronization at the receiver, a third means EMI63.1 to detect the lack of recording power; 2 <:: nt ul0riour to the receiver, a fourth means for detecting the deterioration of a transmission channel connecting the transmitter to the receiver and a common means responsive to the command of the receiver. one of the foregoing means for producing an alarm signal indicating the operation of the foregoing means. 20. A transceiver according to claim 19, further comprising means for maintaining the alarm signal and also comprising manually operable resetting means for silencing the alarm signal, the operation of the resetting means also being capable of. reset the receiver to its normal starting condition. 21. A transceiver as claimed in one of the preceding claims wherein the clinographic transmitter is capable of EMI63.2 to scan consecutively a plurality of li-n ,, a of bi1lú.j. '[l!; ù and to scan lines not containing PI) S information In at a rate greater than the lines caI3ti-r..aIlt d (1'inforrm.tion, 1'4, mettLu.t, -r, * cel, teur includes a coni! 'lÙYUl: 1,1 1 <: op <fra'blc of your choice to skip lines ::; altcrn '\ tivQD containing 1 1 J iifornntion. 22. A transceiver according to claim 21 including means of scanning the transmitter for scanning a spot. EMI63.3 sample of a b, -tl ,, y5gu de ru'i3c :, tu pl1r ... dC: f.llJur; a subject to be emitted ut to produce a video electric sigma relating to In clarity of the cujct C'o: 'r;:,; opo!: ù'lHt r ,, u spot, the nuclevn of the balfiyig being c0.p <. lblc to operate either in a '! lod of 1): 11 "Y:" 6 "': slow synchronized with the pulse of tLr7, periodic lno uni- <Desc / Clms Page number 64> Form either in a fast scanning mode, the speed of the fast scanning mode being at least twice that of the slow scanning mode, a means of advancing the transmitter to advance the scanning means of in a discontinuous manner by uniform increases substantially perpendicular to the scanning direction to allow the scanning means to scan a series of lines, this advancement requiring less time than the scanning, means connected to the scanning means and responsive to the detection of video information during fast scanning for transferring the scanning means to the slow scanning mode for scanning past a full line, means for transferring the scanning means to the scanning mode. fast scan at the end of each slow scan, a means for operating the forwarding means of the transmitter once, at the end of each fast scan, in which no video information has been detected, and a means for operating optionally the means for advancing the transmitter at the end of each fast scan in which no video information has been detected and at least twice at the end of each slow scan. 23. A transceiver as claimed in claim 21 including transmitter scanning means for scanning an on-line sample spot on a subject to be transmitted and for producing a video electrical signal relating to the brightness of the corresponding subject. spot, the scanning means being capable of operating either in a slow scanning mode synchronized with a uniform periodic time pulse, or in a fast scanning mode, the fast, Ne of the fast scanning mode being at least twice larger than slow scan mode, a means of advancement of the transmitter to <Desc / Clms Page number 65> advancing the scanning means in a discontinuous fashion in uniform increments substantially perpendicular to the direction of the scanning to allow the scanning means to scan a series of lines, such advancement requiring less time than the scanning means connected by means of scanning and responsive to the detection of video information during a fast scan for transferring the scanning medium to the slow scanning mode for scanning after a full line, a means for transferring the scanning medium to the fast scanning mode at the end of each slow sweep, means for operating the means for advancing the transmitter at the end of each slow scan and once at the end of each fast scan in which no video information has been detected, and means for operating the means for advancement of the transmitter after a fast scan in which video information has been detected if the fast scan immediately follows a slow scan, 24. The transceiver of claim 22 or claim 23 also comprising means for omitting signals video produced during slow sweeps and for transmitting control signals indicative of the operation of the advancing means. 25. A transceiver according to one of the preceding claims comprising a control circuit for a pulse motor responsive to alternating pulses of opposite polarity applied to the coils of the motor comprising a flip-flop trigger, a push-pull control amplifier, ur . coupling means for connecting the output of this control amplifier through the coils of the motor, a means of <Desc / Clms Page number 66> transformation to connect the output of the flip-flop to the input of the control amplifier so that each transition of this flip-flop momentarily excites a different half of the control amplifier to thus alternately supply a control current to a another coil and a conductive means for direct current to individually connect the output terminals of this flip-flop to a respective input of this aorta commando amplifier that this command amplifier continues to supply a current of lower value to a coil of control after the transformer coupling means has ceased to be efficient, 26. A transceiver according to claim 25, wherein the control amplifier comprises a pair of power amplifiers arranged in a pushpull configuration, the coupling means comprising a transformer having a tap primary winding. middle and a mid-tap secondary winding, means for connecting the respective end terminals of the primary winding to the respective output terminals of that flip-flop, means for connecting the middle tap of the primary winding to a source potential, a means for connecting the respective end terminals of the secondary winding to the respective inputs of the pair of power amplifiers, a means for connecting the middle tap of the secondary winding to a source with reference potential, and the direct current conductor means comprising resistance means for individually connecting the respective outputs of this flip-flop to the inputs of a pair of power amplifiers. 27. A transceiver according to claim 26, wherein the resistor means comprises a first and a first. <Desc / Clms Page number 67> second resistance of essentially equal value. 28. A transceiver according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the pair of power amplifiers comprises a first and a second transistor, said transistors having similar conductivity and each having a base, an emitter and a collector, and comprising in addition to a first asymmetric current conducting means in order to individually connect the end terminals of the secondary winding respectively to a common branch of the respective bases and to one of the resistance means, a second asymmetric current conducting means in order to connect the respective collectors with a third branch and a third asymmetric current conductor means in order to connect the third branch to a source having a reference potential, 29. A transceiver according to one of the preceding claims comprising a belinographic receiver printing means having a relatively movable recording tip on a recording means for printing symbols thereon, means for preventing movement of the tip against the means of recording. recording except during intervals when Belinographic signals are picked up by the receiver which is simultaneously able to record video signals. 30. A transceiver according to claim 29 wherein the recording tip is movably supported to contact a rotating recording drum and to print symbols thereon, the receiver comprising means for moving said tip longitudinally by. to the drum, a means of establishing synchronization <Desc / Clms Page number 68> EMI68.1 sation between the drum and uriah, source 1o3.n;, e of bulinographic control a; nals, the nucleus to'emptchenint 4t,; nt sensitive to the loss of synchronization and to 1; initial reception of video signals in the belinographic omission in order to bring the point into contact with the drum, and effective at the end of the belinographic transmission and at the limit of a longitudinal stroke of this point to remove the tip of the drum. 31. A transceiver according to claim 30 also including a core for removing the tip of the drum during a predetermined portion of each revolution of the drum. 32. A transceiver according to one of claims 29 to 31 wherein the tip is spaced from the recording core. EMI68.2 33. An enettcur-receiver according to one of claims 29 to 32 wherein the prevention core comprises control means responsive to the detection of a non-synchronous condition to prevent control of the tip in the presence of captured video signals. 34. The invention as described above.