BE636523A - - Google Patents

Description

       

   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 
 EMI1.1
 



  "Wire rod and its prooédé and its apparatus; 1 of production" '":;." #! , # '#' #; ' -X: - ±% v
The present invention relates to a process for imparting a selected microstructure and mechanical properties to a hot-rolled wire rod by cooling set immediately after a hot rolling mill generally called black rolled wire rod, and more particularly to a process intended for to give the strands of various grades of steel different micro-structures and properties
 EMI1.2
 .mechanical according to the quality of'aoi.r, l, tra1 ":,:.: 'later and the intended use, by ua.' \;" cooling? set immediately after W1; La-, '' -, '.;

   line minoir, machine "'' '"'. ' . '\' ', .'-. ".' .; '":'. \ '' ''. - - * - * ', "# f"' ',

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 
The present invention also relates to a hot rolled wire rod suitable as a metal wire and as a bar, more particularly the invention relates to a rolled steel wire rod having distinct physical properties and miorostructure which can undergo a sharp decrease in surface area at the time of the invention. state of rolling without intermediate heat treatment.



   In the normal manufacture of wire rods, the wires leave the finishing stand of the rolling mill. wire rod at a temperature of approximately 982 C. The discharge tubes which bring the wires into the laying drums are fitted with water nozzles, and the wires are normally cooled to 790 C.

   as they enter the drums * There the fila are put into rolls, each roll normally representing the product of a complete billet of about 181 to 544 kg * the cooling that occurs during winding in conventional laying drums is low because the mass collected from the roll in the closed chamber of the drum retards heat loss for the time of about one minute required for winding. At the end of the winding, the rollers are discharged from the drums on a conveyor which moves them slowly, cooling them slowly in still air.



  When each roll has been sufficiently cooled (between 538 and 649 C), to allow it to be suspended from a hook without deforming its circular shape, it is normally transferred to a trolley.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 3>

 hook, The latter transports the sucked rollers -
 EMI3.1
 sively to examination stations, d "b81" bae., .48, connection and transport, to the place of storage,. or towards a wire mesh. It also allows sufficient time for slow cooling down.
 EMI3.2
 suppl.manta3.ro an appropriate temperature for ** carrying out examination, binding and manipulation.

   This normal practice gives a number of detrimental and costly results. Prolonged exposure to high temperature air forms a layer of battituros (forest oxide) on all exposed surfaces, resulting in a direct metal gate amounting to approximately 1.5%. Slow cooling promotes grain growth, and for grades of steel containing more than 0.20% carbon, it gives metallurgical * and mechanical properties which prevent further processing such as stretching. of metal wire, unless they are still treated.

   For medium and high carbon grades, rolls of steel wire rod obtained in this conventional way should be subjected before drawing into wire form to a separate heat treatment process generally known as quench name
 EMI3.3
 lead. "Vft '..,,
Attempts have been made to overcome the many drawbacks of conventional practice. Such an attempt is described in US Pat. No. 2,756,169 of July 24, 1956, (Coraon, Goetz and Lewis), and further improved in

 <Desc / Clms Page number 4>

 
 EMI4.1
 US Patent NI, 2 * 4.2'.r ^ .x, dated August 1961 '#' (Lewis).

   This attempt. ^ V'4v1 '' '-'. consists in providing alternating zones of cooling ** ":" '"sowing and thermal diffusion in the st ... tubes stretching from the rolling mill to the laying drums. This process has been specially designed for use with wire rods. made of high carbon steel, and is intended to provide microstructure and mechanical properties equivalent to those resulting from subsequent lead quenching. This process has failed to achieve its goal of 'a
 EMI4.2
 completely because of the> practical difficulties "associated in particular with the wire rod advance speeds.

   This process has been applied to a primitive wire rod blade having a maximum flow rate of about 1200 meters per minute, and even to chainmail.
 EMI4.3
 The relatively 33 meter dc speed required .n3s.-. # surround the drum 33 meters from the rolling mill finishing stand. At modern rolling mill throughputs between 1800 and 2100 meters per half
 EMI4.4
 But the necessary distance would pocket a practical implementation of this method since the wire rods cannot be pushed un3or ... bzz evenly through length coats tubes without deforming them.

   Another attempt in this
 EMI4.5
 meaning is described in U.S. Patent A.-I. ### merica N "2 # 516.248 of July 25, 1950 ######. \.



    (O'Brien). This consists of placing a cover on the top of the roll of the wire rod after it is. out of the laying drum, and to discharge the air from /

 <Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 the interior of the drum through the spries constituting the roller. Yet another attempt is described
 EMI5.1
 in United States Patent 4SAm6riquO 1; 3,820 of Mare 1954 - (Morgan) from which air is forced through the turns constituting the roll during formation of the roll in the drum; deposit.

   This and the process described by O'Brien constitute an important improvement over conventional practice, in particular in relation to which con-
 EMI5.2
 This results in the decrease in loss due to battitureme. However, these methods cause the coils of the wire rod to cool at very different rates which depend on the location of each coil of the wire rod in the roll. Following O'Brien's method, the internal and external turns are cooled very quickly, in fact too much folding to obtain suitable properties for drawing in the form of metallic wires, while the turns located inside the roll are cooled too slowly.

   According to Morgan's method, the turns constituting the first and last part of the roll undergo relatively little cooling which results in variations in properties along the wire rod. In addition, the gentle O'Brien and Morgan methods initially applied to rolls of wire rod weighing less than 454 kg cause unacceptable variations in properties when applied to rolls of heavy wire rod.
 EMI5.3
 from 544 to 635 ka.

   -1> # # "'The present invention proposes to provide a

 <Desc / Clms Page number 6>

   A method and apparatus for the controlled cooling of a hot rolled wire rod immediately after the wire rod rolling mill to obtain a product capable of immediately undergoing drawing in the form of a metal wire without intermediate heat treatment. This process is characterized by the deposition of the wire rod leaving the wire rod rolling mill in the form of non-concentric turns on a conveyor and by the forced cooling of the non-concentric turns with a cooling medium)

   for example, air selectively applied to effect uniform cooling throughout the length of the wire rod and at a rate capable of ensuring substantially complete transformation of the austenite before the temperature of the wire rod drops below. the temperature represented by the bend of the internal curve of the isothermal strain diagram of the particular grade of steel.



   It was initially thought that this controlled cooling of the steel wire rod in the form of turns or non-concentric rings would give directly to the machine from the machine wire rolling mill, a wire having properties substantially equal to those obtained by quenching in the machine. air. Surprisingly, however, it has turned out that the microstructure and physical properties obtained are unique in their kind, and that machine threads cooled in a controlled manner exhibit greatly improved properties and nature. essentially different from machine wires obtained by air or lead quenching,

   

 <Desc / Clms Page number 7>

   that is, controlled cooling results in a distinct new type of hot rolled wire rod which is particularly suitable for being drawn as a wire.



   The machinu wire cooled in a controlled manner of the present invention is characterized by the following peculiarities: - greater average tensile strength with high ductility, - uniformity of properties over its entire length, - micro structure distinct, - back crumbly and thin scales.



   The first three features contribute to the better drawability of the wire, and the last will provide much less scale loss and shorter acid cleaning times.



   The trunk of a hot-rolled steel wire rod makes the physical properties of a rolled wire rod uniform throughout its length so that during drawing as a wire no irregularity occurs. - structural tee which would cause breakage or poor drawability. The controlled cooled wire rod of the present invention exhibits uniformity along its entire length which is equal to or greater than that of machine wires properly mislead by conventional air-blown methods. The spread of tensile strength throughout a roll of a cooled wire rod

 <Desc / Clms Page number 8>

 adjusted is less than 700 kg / cm2.

   The tensile strengths of the controlled cooled wire rods, however, are uniformly and significantly higher than the tensile strengths of conventional wire rods used for drawing.



   The average tensile strengths of the controlled cooled wire rods are;
3-5% greater than the average tensile strengths of air-blown wire rod of the same steel load as determined by the common wire drawing tensile test (ASTM Method). Because of this higher average tensile strength, specialists might think that controlled cooled wire rods may not have as large an area necking as air-choked wire rods. It is very surprising that the opposite is true.



   The reason why a controlled cooled wire rod having a higher average tensile strength stretches better than an air-choked wire machine cannot be explained with certainty. the current time. However, the microstructure of a controlled cooled wire rod is distinct, and this may in part justify its better drawability.



   The micro structure of a controlled cooled wire rod consists of uniformly dispersed seeds / fines. Grains of fine perlite with only a few traces of ferrite at the grain boundary predominate in steels with

 <Desc / Clms Page number 9>

 
 EMI9.1
 a carbon content greater than 0.40% yoidw, - and at lower levels of carbon content, the ferrite and carbide fears add the relative amounts of each of them depending on the cone- *
 EMI9.2
 chemical tituanto of steel. The nioroatruoturo is substantially free of baimite.

   The grain structure of ferrite is always finer than the grain structure of a properly air-forced wire rod or of a conventionally cooled wire rod from the same load of steel and born
 EMI9.3
 not descend beyond a dimension of grain 1 (5.258 mm), ....

   , Due to the rapid cooling of the machine raieroicuu in a controlled manner according to the present invention, the loss of the battituroa only corresponds to 1/2 to 1/3 of the glue of the machine wires braided in the air and the scale is thin and friable The speed of is canvas that the de-
 EMI9.4
 gradation of the wustito on magn, -tit and iron is reduced to a minimum. The magnetite layer which does not form is characteristically cracked due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the constituent layers, the battituros and the base metal.

   This cracking and the thinness of the scale greatly facilitate cleaning with acid. The cleaning of machine wires cooled in a controlled manner is usually carried out at a time corresponding to half of that necessary for. the engineered wires cooled normally.

   This advantage becomes more marked when the carbon content

 <Desc / Clms Page number 10>

 steel drops below 0.40% by weight The acid cleaning time using accepted procedures is:

       much less than 30 minutes * The amount of scale asti less than 1.0% by weight at carbon contents less than 0.40% by weight, and is generally less% by weight for higher carbon tones (average values for more rollers from the same load). This reduced amount of scale considerably reduces the acid consumption during cleaning.

   Considering all of the port due to scale which occurs during the preparation of the air-soaked engineered yarns, that is to say the scale on the machine yarns which has come from rolling and the scales formed laying the groundwork. The small quantity of battituros formed by controlled cooling constitutes an important advantage of the present process. For example, during a test carried out on 260 tonnes of wire of various qualities, the average perto due to the scale was 0.44 by weight, comparing a loss of 0,

  88% by weight for dos fila machinas coming from rolling normally cooled. There would be an additional door due to the flaps, of course, if the 8: ± 113 normally cooled machines were blown in the air.



   The following article will help to explain the important advantages of the type of scale forming on machine wires cooled in a controlled manner before the present invention: "The Cleaning of Carbon tool dire as Affected by th Metallurgical Nature

 <Desc / Clms Page number 11>

 of the Scala ", (The cleaning of a carbon steel wire as it is affected by the metallargic nature of the battituret), A.Dove (Wire and Wire Products), Noveubre 1960, page 1547 ,, The leading article is also published in the "Regional Teohnioal Mettings",

     "American Iron and Steel Institute", September 29, 1960, pages 29 to 57.



   The nature of the scale formed by the controlled cooling gives yet another advantage. Being . since they adhere relatively weakly and are easily removed, no pitting or damage to the wire rod surface occurs during acid cleaning, i.e. that a deep stripping to remove the scale adhering in an exceptional way is not necessary.

   As a result, the surface of the cleaned wire rod is smoother and more uniform, and free from pitting which could cause breakage or surface imperfections during drawing. Although acid cleaning has been pointed out in particular, the controlled cooled machine strand may undergo mechanical descaling in particular by being deflected. The ease with which the flats can be removed by simple bending is surprising.



   Preliminary results indicate that with regard to scale loss, the controlled cooled fila machines of the present invention offer an additional advantage.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 
 EMI12.1
 when the product is subjected to a killing treatment, secondary nique during stretching in the form of fila
 EMI12.2
 Metallic It has been noticed that when 1 # yarn drawn, iPJ sr coming from yarns, machines cooled re- # -J:,;. glée is lead-hardened, much less scale is formed than in the case of wire drawn from lead-hardened machine wires.

   This could result from the inherently finer and more uniform surface structure of the machine cooled in a controlled manner.
 EMI12.3
 



  We notice the better ductility of.,. #, ,, #. controlled cooled wire rod of the present invention by stretching a sample of the wire rod.
 EMI12.4
 ne and a sample of normally cooled macnine yarn for comparison from the same load to breakage in a tensile strength test. It turned out that the <± '#'. machine wires according to the present invention show a striction of at least 6% and usually 10% greater than that of the samples
 EMI12.5
 comparative against 95% of a sufficient number. of samples to give an atatis-. distribution; tick.



     The uniformity of the cooled wire rod along its length is given by its low spread of tensile strength and low variation in necking. The spread of the resistance
 EMI12.6
 is tance to lqter, a \ 1oD .. over the length of the wire rod * 'less than 700 kg / om2 is usually less
 EMI12.7
 at 560 ke / cm2 based on 95 # of a number sut-

 <Desc / Clms Page number 13>

   The remaining 5% of the samples will normally exceed these values due to variations in the current tensile strength test.

   The variation of the necking during the resistance to extraction test according to the ABTM method is less than ¯ 10% compared to the average of the values obtained from several samples taken over the length wire rod.



   In summary, the present invention provides an improved "rolled" steel wire rod with a diameter of between 2.5 and 12.5 mm and a length of at least 120 m. Wire rod consists of a steel with a carbon content of between
0.01 and 0.9% by weight, for example, including grades AISI N 01006 to C1085, and other grades
AISI.

   The microstructure of the steel consists of uniformly dispersed fine grain and is substantially free of bainite. Engineered wires from any grade of carbon steel exhibit a tensile strength spread of less than 700 kg / cm2, and an average tensile strength of at least 3% greater than that of a wire rod cheated in air from the same load. The wire rod exhibits on average a necking according to the ASTM method of at least 6% higher than that of the air-hardened wire rod.



   Wire rod is obtained from a ball destined for a machina wire rolling mill which has been treated before being introduced into the rolling mill.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 14>

 



  The machine wire is not subsequently subjected to any heat treatment before cold drawing *
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention emerge from the description which will leak copper with respect to the drawings in which years!
Fig. 1 is a formation diagram for a steel having a carbon retention of 0.50%;
Fig. 2 is a side view showing a weyen for carrying out the method of the present invention;

   
Figure 3 is a plan view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2
Figure 4 is a section on an enlarged scale taken on line 4-4 of Figure 2;
Figure 5 is a section on an enlarged scale taken on line 5-5 of Figure 2;
Figure 6 is a section on a still larger scale taken on line 6-6 of Figure 5;

   
The figure ? shows a variant of a transverse air passage which can be used without a cover above the conveyor
Figure 8 shows yet another passage modified
Fig. 9 schematically shows another embodiment of the means used to make the controlled cooled wire rod of the present invention;

      
Figures 10 and 11 show micropho-

 <Desc / Clms Page number 15>

 Comparative tographies of cuts of steel wire machinas of the same quality of steel showing the crostruoture and the 'scale of a wire rod cooled in a controlled manner in comparison with the structures of wire rods "coming from rolling *' normally cooled in the form rolls .. and wire-drawn machine wires ready for drawing;

     Fig. 12 shows photomicrographs of another grade of steel and shows the uniformity of structure of the controlled cooled wire rods taken from the rolls.
Fig. 13 shows photomicrographs which clearly show the distinct difference between the scale of a controlled cooled wire rod and a normal cooled unstuffed wire rod of low carbon steel;

  and
Figure 14 is an isothormic transformation diagram given by way of illustration for the purpose of showing the cooling rates of wire machines treated in different ways * as they come out of a wire rod laminator that is to say. - say normally cooled.

     air or lead quenched, and cooled to adjust
The microphotographs of the microtructuroa were prepared in all cases by sampling with "Nital", and the microphotographs of the battitureo were prepared with a .46 bath. 50% muriatic acid capage.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 16>

 



   The microstructure and the properties, metallurgical and mechanical that are desired in wire rods depend on the composition of the material of the wires, the subsequent treatment, and the end use. , the microstructure and the desired properties' depending mainly on the carbon content of the steel. For steel containing less than about 0.20% carbon, the desired microstructure is predominantly fine-grained ferrite. Ferrite is a common metallurgical dull, applied to grains of steel containing little or no carbon.

   In steel $ containing 0.25
About 0.70% carbon, the microstructure usually desired for wire drawing is fine-grained perlite mixed with fine-grained perlite, the proportions of the two components depending on the carbon content. in this girl, La perlito is a metallurgical term applied to grains of steel which contain appreciable amounts of carbon, but less than 0.89%. Ello includes alternating couchoa backs of ferrite (Fe) and cementite (Fe3C iron carbide)

   which were formed by cooling slow enough to avoid the harder and brittle constituents, balnite and martensite. However, for these fine grains, it is desirable that the steels included in this range of carbon content present a micro structure consisting of por- lite with coarse grains intermingled with ferrite.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 17>

 Coarse-seeded The desired microstructure in steels containing more than 0.70% carbon may. be defined according to constituents analogous ..



  The desired microstructure can be affected by combining elements such as nickel, oborme and silicon, if they exist in large quantities, and in this case the conditions can also be defined depending on the constituents found in the structure. the microstructures The nature of the microstructure obtained depends in part on the composition of the wire rods, and in part on the way in which the wire rods are cooled.

   The effect of the cooling mode will be better understood by referring to Figure 1 (a temperature, time, and transformation diagram, or in short, TTT) together with the following description:
This diagram relates especially to a steel containing 0.50% carbon and not containing significant additions of alloys. It is evident that similar diagrams for other grades of carbon steel or alloys would present different characteristics. This type of graph is known as an isothermal transformation diagram showing temperature on the y-axis and time on the x-axis.

   The expression "transformation as used above relates to the allotropic transformation which accompanies the cooling of the steel. At the rolling temperature, the core of which the steel is mainly made is in the form of gamma iron. which has the property of containing up to 2% carbon

 <Desc / Clms Page number 18>

 in solid solution. This solid solution is known as austenite.

   When cooled * - soment, one. passing through a critical temperature, the altenit undergoes a transformation becoming ferrite which is much less able to hold carbon in solid solution * The carbon rejects from the solid solution causing the transformation as well as the carbon retained in solid solution can take one or more of many different forms depending on the temperature at which the transformation begins and the rate of cooling - 'rising during the transformation The shaped curve -' do orosissant to the left of the figure

    1 represents for each temperature the time necessary to initiate the transformation. The second curve or internal crescent-shaped curve represents for each temperature the moment when the transformation would be completed if the temperature remained constant during the transformation. Since the transformation is an exothermic reaction because there is most of the time a certain temperature gradient in the cross section of the wire rods, and the fact that in most cases the transformation does not take place. not produced at a constant temperature, this diagram is not numerically accurate:

     nevertheless, it serves to illustrate the conditions. In order to obtain the desired microstructure for wire drawing, it is essential that the transformation be substantially completed at or near the "bend" of the curve.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 19>

 
 EMI19.1
 internal * We could do it from various fa joos% .x: "'^' On the one hand, we can do it by transformation * *% #. ';.', .. \ IiI-; t '... \, 1, .f1. Isothoraic, osa which corresponds bzz quenching to tf,; v # yfsffî classic lead of wire rod or steel in '"' T .." - '\:'; '; "' r: - the t13chino wire is cooled rapidly in lEt ux-. ;.; giant in a liquid bath kept at an iteJl1 iJ ':!: I: {,:!. \ i turr cons: anta prclob7.cmant ahois., da, ns' oi;

   .... ... constant ture previously chosen (in pe ù-J '. 538 C approximately), ost we now lo in 0-9.'baj'. '' ';' 538 * 0 * approximately), now in,,: 1; "- liquid at a constant temperature until 'til, \ j ,, 4 :) the transformation is completed On the other hand,' Clf ('pe \ 1" f,: \ :: i 'i. #,'. 'Y 1 .r., realize it by cooling-quickly the wire aa * "5; -v' -" \ "'I.) t -,"? # china at a temperature between 649 and '6I6 * 0' # - #; *. then lo eoumottru at a speed do rotrOdiS8Q..ùtA ':: ji, .....!: "" 1 canvas that the transformation oomaonou at a .tù.mp6 ",,; V'i turo sufficiently greater than the elbow do the 0 mi4 ,,:,. .-.



  Ixtoene for tItI '' '' aeh4véo ttVK! that, the t * '04, the' f; .a- :: has fallen to that corresponding to the curve of \ '*'>, -. '*. "the internal curve. These two v..L!" JIfLnVi7 ', GIViT yepr6--. fairies: .ch4aiqu.: mant in figure 1. These 'sweet' Life * ':' l / 4 (fi; - s - rientos as well as others fit in 10 (U, .d1 '! \ ,:' t. *: - "- ',, of the present invention.'", 1., i ', r';, '' '., ..... ""; ...., </' o .



  We will now describe the new; 60i $ i * ': f'1' 't "..,' f. ' '' '' which is used for the implementation of the bzz method?:}. 1J 'r {::: t ci-do without By so first referring to the figures -' '. 8. y ¯ the last box of the rolling mill is designated paf 2. '% ê ## *. {$, <- "':. 1 "" ",. \ If wire rod 4 passes through a tube 6, in iô, <ju # 3, #." ?. it can be cooled by water in a known way. in industry at a temperature between ", / ',.! 1'".



  649 and 816 C. The wire rod is then folded back towards the bottom by a chain guide 8 to be admitted into the

 <Desc / Clms Page number 20>

 a laying head 10. The peso head may be of a conventional construction of the same type as that customarily used for depositing wire rod in a laying drum.

   The wire rod 4 is deposited at a conveyor, preferably a movable conveyor 12 which is inclined pre-closed upward at a small angle so that the discharge end of the conveyor at 14 is sufficiently elevated above. backing from ground level to facilitate the subsequent collection of the rings or turns of the wire rod in the collection position. 16.



   Since the conveyor moves the wire rod in the direction of the flock 18, the muchine wire, as it is deposited therein, is formed in the form of a succession of convolutions or substantially circular non-concentric turns 20, as described above. clearly seen in Figure 3.



  These non-concentric sirconvolutions are deposited continuously at home on the conveyor in the hovel where the metal present in the initial billet is admitted into the rolling mill. Thus, the collected roll 22 has a weight substantially identical to that of the billet.

   Although a simplified mode of collecting wire rod in the form of a roll-22 has been shown, it is evident that other means can be used to collect the non-concentric turns as they leave. the carrier. without departing from the scope of the present invention.



   The preferred form of conveyor 12 is shown in more detail in the figures.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 21>

 
 EMI21.1
 .... ::; ¯ft "1; ', 4, 5 and 6 # We can see that the transporter is go."' '' 7. titué by a series of tracks or rails pgralXèlÉ 0-44 5.ir .. èk extending longitudinally whose 8 .. "::.;.; surfaces are found in a cazutun plane .. Lej9 - - ra.zs soxt supports po.x a 3.tr ... orr iûpüāx'.Kr ', rails are supported by a> ,,:, fP., ...!?, âr, 4 25 extending lonitudinally.

   Between 1 * ce * rail '...' f '..d' I,: I,; <... r "'n, fez are the conveyor chains '36 au3tt' * ô | lf |> '; - > '' ''. ' : are fixed the fingers 28 extending towards the hilU1; '- W-1r ::: a sufficient length to come into. contact 40 -, 4 ..' ''. î, <, '' 'non-concentric turns of the wire rod of ta 0 h ". !: 'M -!: - * f'. ¯¯. "..! 1t". "z move them constantly and 'ssïts' .aa'-t.; x; ..:' y.



  ..... * 1'f ..., 'along the rails 24 <The chains pass on ,: ;;.:;' '. ... r. driven pinions 30 of which the. vitosso can be vi ± <'' * 1 "7 glued to modify the speed of movement 4qo sl> jbw, roa along the conveyor. - * bzz '" Ty, x;' In the preferred construction, the conveyor * 'has side walls 32 extending .4ûi ,. , ..Li r.



  #tudinaleNont along the entire length of the traxa.ortstr; * Y.y: The scaNotj at each of the words 32 is do pre6 ;; 'burl at the same level as the turns of the wire mach1n, o ,,; ,,:' A cover or vault 3 "tandant I .turtul ',' is arranged above the most gr e '' '' n8 of. ,: r) * ,, carrier, and is supported by a series of. ": .->, aunt spaced 36 which extend upward to the" ".., nk. l from the walls 32, the cover '34 se ew,. Back two sides by a short wall bzz8 1' $. Ba1itua tarsus le, low which is however sufficiently a - <1e.iWI y walls 32 to force a suitable space 59 ["- '# '; -' ##> #; ¯ -, .i #;., - '' - <f; to evacuate the cooling air or, 8. \ I <tre ni1.ç ..: <:;: '':

   place which, as we will explain later, ast relcaiftit'- lou quit cowna l'axp1.iquera plus 4. s .. '' x. à.'trav'ira the turns of the thread laaobiZLO1 a opu'âlè dïé 1 '.' <'-fj''S- "surround.'. .. ï '" 7r,; ::

 <Desc / Clms Page number 22>

   The preferred mechanism will now be described for forcing cooling air through the movable non-concentric turns of the wire rod. The side walls 32 extending downwardly a distance below the upper surface of the conveyor as indicated at 40, and these walls are connected by a lower unperforated platform 42.

   A series of vertical walls 44, 46, 48 and 50 divide the space between the upper and lower platforms 25 and
42, to and the walls 40, in a series of blowing chambers which are designated by A, B and C, Each of these chambers has an opening made in its side wall as indicated at 52 in the figure
4, opening to which is connected a duct 54 extending from the discharge side of a powerful fan 56 As shown in Figure 2, three fans 56 are provided,

     each of them being driven by a suitable motor.58 It is evident that the number and size of the blowing chambers and the size and capacity of the fans can be varied at will to obtain the desired volume of air which must pass over the movable coils 4 of the wire rod to ensure that they move continuously along the conveyor. It is also obvious that media can be used ..

   cooling medium other than air and the cooling medium may be discharged from one or more of the blast chambers at selected temperatures above or below ambient temperature to achieve the purposes of the cooling. 'invent

 <Desc / Clms Page number 23>

 
 EMI23.1
 yours. In addition, it is obvious that one can use uà '; . ,,; 'A-,' 'medium do I.'tJtroi \: 1! 1ont liquid in which case l'ts #.' ;;. <: <'1 "" Iit do I.'tJtroi! Iin3of11 ±: nt have driven back through pipes "and; .1} '{.



  \ '#' l '-. f -.'.- ajV;, *' ajutagol'.1 (.lU li, nl lt \ iro par unQ chsmbre d.. i} ,,;, t \ nozzles liou l ' O'cr by a chamber '"a *'; * 3 soufflago, and the non-evaporated part oat reou0iiii ±; * ijr * j '.' A'ssw.i ot 6vì.cuétJ in dos sumps at des- aindu.as ., -Biw & S t ...,> J.tt 'In order to be able to direct the air on and in rfv.:'.,. Gas donated wire rod turns for crban.r. 'FaC 4e.' Xuro, disrmn un.arma, g, u, ncessaira. ''. '' * '' t '' 'ë' cooled uniformly; which is nôcôesairo # -; <",%; * i <,? ', <'. , '.J3 # <"-, ji for the setting we cover with the prêoonta 3.nvant.otS y ..,;.' Rl; t! 'F.;. 1' ^ ft .." ,; '; vtp s;. ,,; .. r we used loo following aaax.:mas;

   "., '.' <1" 'f? Í.t: .i "The plato-f oriao 25 prltoonto a large nPÍbN' # îiî -? - '". of transverse openings which intersect 'nt through', $ / &#) ..., 1. # dfc¯ïï% # -. ell0. These openings have a section 'droJ-to un1tot,',),. t one of our openings is rCP, - '1sont. on 3.a ') .; > - ': J1- figuro 6. ut ost d. 3.a by 10 num41'to "" ... lt '"OM (;, 1l' 60,. For formaldehyde 'cotte opening, the edges a. (1Jaq.P.' :: il:.>. # & : 62 and 64 of the flats-forao 25 were turned down vap. '..



  .



  10 up to direct the air which 3 * escapes dp # la # àbs ± ûà! &-F; d soufflago to r, vars loa turns of the wire mf1c1ù.nf: t '.: C .., .. <:'; .i, yS. II9e <¯ edges also come into contact with a flap 6ê # ';' # '/ -. * & I. #i "-ri 1 Gq last ect large enough to cover, ':;'" ', ± ?? *'. # '1 f ouvvrturc 60. ot ost porto by a tree 68 which: -: ;;. \> è,
 EMI23.2
 y .. V waits laterally beyond the 40 oosaiao wall. 1 7; . have ## "ti'f- fixed a represented on the fisuro 5. f 3.kzX: .. td d3 lla3bx'o arm 70 which carries a counterweight? 2. We see on the *, \ f;"; v-
 EMI23.3
 .figure 6 that when 1 brus 70 oscillates towards. the <\ r- * # Left, lo contra-weight 72 holds the shutter 66 eA i,:,:,: position i \ # múo tJ \ '1 \; mp & chnl'1.t any flow of 1' -aiiê? jv. Go through the GO opening.

   When the center-weight. # # *} 'Swayed to the right the flap 66 occupies the poat1on.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 24>

 
 EMI24.1
 open indicated by dotted lines so that the air 1'9- flowed into the blowing chamber B by the ventilator 56 can flow freely through the? up through the opening <known to pass over all the parts of the movable turns 4 of the machina wire to aosuro which do not move constantly above, from the opening 60, We see that the nachino rypouo wire; On the upper edges of the rails 24, but c <i3 mils Dont rolativa ..



  0nt three tH auns the tranovorcal so that no p ± 13 Q, ininu <.1l 'c ..: ndblutnvnt the effect ây ro.f'ro1diss \ ..% do not have air flowing from bottom to top .
 EMI24.2
 



  By examining figure 5 we see that when
 EMI24.3
 1, j fil Machine had deposited nur: .. e mobile trunaportour under the form of do rpiru.3 unconceived as shown in U, jnt6 suc la i'inuro if there was a miniiaan concentration of aS-tul against the trun.ox ' tuua ?, the auLmun4v ar4t at m'jauru 3U'pn that brings us closer to the innsportjur. C 'ost-èL-diro quu on an arbitrary chosen cross section through the turns. 3, it produces a number of more one greater do cro1cut'lonto to inesure that one approaches
 EMI24.4
 on the back sides. In addition, the position of the
 EMI24.5
 part of each turn laid bare against the carrier generally spreads out in the transverse direction, while the parts of each uriro on the sides of the trs.nsportour extend generally in the sounds of the carrier.

   It follows that? when using
 EMI24.6
 a fento or transverse opening of the width
 EMI24.7
 uniformo ..1 through which the air from the oi'r:> idissijment is expelled from low to high one loo quantity sensibly uniforctus pure unit of temple on 'end (;) the 1 "\

 <Desc / Clms Page number 25>

 
 EMI25.1
 surface of the opening, we get a plusyferaad ...; : #F J, cooling effect in the center of the openings ;; 1> '- J; than at the edges since there is a more # * - 'small metal Manco on UNO potion surface - / \' given right of the opening in the center than the oCt6a.

   And = t given that. See from 1 ^ 8i'at. ± 1f3 '' "ry ': x,: ,, :: so moves 1 up at a uniform speed' ¯, 'over the entire surface of the opening 't3? a sve # al |' -f it 'follows that the reXreatment speed # eïit of the.> if wire under normal conditions,' would ',> # / * ?; ± # faster in the center than on the sides Being: "; 'yG ,; , since it is essential dam: the present proceeds # - "i ';";' that the cooling vitoaea of all the '"-.' # '-tâ; <. parts of chelue upire be sonically ux.'ox4 ..;

   #; '/ a way is provided to actually apply a larger amount of cooling air to par. # '. * * # "Mes .x'ts; s do la apiro que center / La âersar.'. Deroeiie has pr3lctv4 the air which rises through 14s p. # ';' - central fies back openings trsasvers & lea and ç, ui y, ws,,., has been heated in the aeao faur quo Iler aontant on loo has spiros and redirected it Ititeralozient do ta,; or4 u 1, No matter how long it drains verg and by the # To, y.
 EMI25.2
 side openings $ 9) it flows on and around
 EMI25.3
 of doggie the parts from $ worst of the wire. macune suy ":" ';

  '' loo of these sides of the counter, and in particular 0Uï''t bzz ley large concentrations of the metal * ui exîatènt 'B-' the 'sides In other words, the cover is located above the transporter and -opening flaps in a turbulent fashion the air which is rising to. bzz through the counter of the aperture, the place where there is a smaller mass of metal to be cooled,. # <'"

 <Desc / Clms Page number 26>

 This downcast air that has a temperature
 EMI26.1
 slightly less than that of the air which is passed over the high concentration of the existing metal on the back sides of the coils is mixed with the warmer side air, and passes again through the back sides,

     of aorta which heat is extracted from all portion of all soniblomont whorls to the least extent. Of this
 EMI26.2
 way, we get a uniform cooling * Referring to Figure 3, we notice that we have shown twenty transverse air passages.
 EMI26.3
 unux 60, and that each of these passages is controlled by a shutter 66.

   In the cover of each of the soufflago chambers A, B and 0, six passages have been represented, while two passages, nor-
 EMI26.4
 badly painted, precede the wall tr <m3voraal <j '44.
 EMI26.5
 using these volot-controlled passages :, the quantity of air which passes over the movable apireo of the machine wire can be regulated so as to obtain the correct cooling rate for the za- wire.
 EMI26.6
 In particular, chino is being processed in order to be able to satisfy the conditions (the curvature of trciûsforaatioa of the wire rod to obtain a wire machine having the properties Qétellurg1 <read correct.



  He is running away from them; Sucker of the sawing cooling medium directed vertically. The walls of the passages 60 could: be tilted forwards or backwards to force the air or other medium to flow towards the top at an angle to the vertical

 <Desc / Clms Page number 27>

 
 EMI27.1
 without affecting null 3ibl adorn the conditions of ra- ;, '' '; -' 2, '' xtFrtiu'.ts3l .. 'i "ry ii.> V-' Furthermore, it is evident that the invention noet . ', ps limited to the means intended 4 to direct the 4th place ae' #., rofroidisuemnt vore the top through the, rws ..,: r.r ', We could provide feed channels which: \ x <%' -. would direct the cooling medium> ... ¯,: af :: 1 ..:

  . down through luffs turns to obtain the same cooling temperature. '"' # It should be noted in figure 2 that the cover '34 located above the conveyor' starts at 74 and
 EMI27.2
 ends 76 # Aînoi, space exists. termino Thus, space exists.

    oii j ':' "" '' 'open above the conveyor between the laying head 10 and the beginning of the cover at 74, In
 EMI27.3
 oettu 3? @la d at, 3cauvj du ft3? aa po5? * 0Uî? | tl M. ± & f bzz produces an appreciable cooling by radiation '; ¯.;, This exposed area thus provides a sound * in'
 EMI27.4
 which the son machinas can be cooled; î: '& :, for a brief period of tumps at a speed X4 .a'ivamant lunto without requiring the application of,' U8 '
 EMI27.5
 + sla mi1iúu + r.frcidisse .. '1o! l1 ;; special.

   Cattc period due -; '. #;, -; relatively slow cooling before the transfer
 EMI27.6
 Allotropic formation allows for some seed size to a selected extent, which is desirable for certain materials and applications. It is obvious that we can vary the length d
 EMI27.7
 cover 34 and the uncovered zone which pre- '*' cèdo to satisfy the particular oxigeos conditions by the metallurgical properties of the wire
 EMI27.8
 machine being processed.

   In a similar fashion., ''

 <Desc / Clms Page number 28>

 the number and size of the orifices 60 can be increased or decreased, and the volume of the coolant passing through the orifices which are opened can be varied by the operator following the whelks to meet the conditions of the curve Most importantly, all parts of each of the unconcentrated turns are uniformly cooled at a correct time so that the collected turns thus obtained forming a roll 22 exhibit the desired uniform metallurgical properties.

     It is the rapidity, the repositioning and the uniformity of the cooling which could not heretofore be obtained by other known mechanisms which constitute the remarkable object achieved by the preliminary invention.



   By the time the turns reach the end of couyorclo or hood 34, the temperature of the wire has fallen at a rate sufficient to pass through the internal curve of the transformation diagram to a point above the elbow in - dull, thus putting the wire rod in a state such that subsequent cooling at reasonably fast speeds has no additional effect on the metallurgical properties and does not subsequently form a significant amount of scale.

   In fact, by this cooling process a negligible amount of scale is formed after the wire rod leaves the head 10 of the leak that the overall cooling is effected so rapidly.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 29>

 
 EMI29.1
 



  Other means of obtaining the uniform disflewont of the wire rod! Ensuring that it travels along the conveyor from the tdto do post to the position of collection are shown in Figures 7 and 8. . In Goa two constructions, 10 \ "... trustions, 10 hood or cover can be heard" as regards the conditions of; pefyoidisaeat <MCt: <: "In the construction shown on 4Tlsttjpa 7) transverse opening rectangular ftBpre & eiî & é in Figure 3 has been modified under a .term 4, whereby the transverse opening ost * trots to the center ;. ' and gradually grows up to a di ôn * ié &'-';

   mux1muro. on the sides The curvature of the adths 4 *. # ¯.> Cotte ouvortur13 is proportional to Xasoo
 EMI29.2
 of the metal existing in a given longitudinal part *
 EMI29.3
 any 10 long dod non-conoentric turns a qu1.s.



  . overlap. Do this Iuç "l1, the. Less mass
 EMI29.4
 do matai located on the back is subject to succession
 EMI29.5
 Cooling zonoo back laying a total time miP1mum, is cooled at the same rate as the largest detal musuo MM located on the outer edges, is subjected to the succe6cion of the cooling zones for a maximum time # u # propor. ¯¯ /!> Tibnnull "me% 1 plw <t long. Los parts iuto = 6dialieeiu back of transverse openings oo'.i, t formûos oorrospondantly to apply the cooling agent of the intermediate parts of the spirals .



  The number of turns of the wire rod per unit length ... '' of the conveyor can be varied at will without affecting the uniformity of the cooling;

 <Desc / Clms Page number 30>

 diesemont although for a constant flow
 EMI30.1
 of the cooling agent and a constant dimension of the machina wire, the cooling speed
 EMI30.2
 diBlinua # as the number of turns increases When the concentration of the turns is greater 10 volume of the cooling agent forced back through the transverse openings puut Otro augmont4 to obtain a cooling at the same speed, 'Invar sow, when the oonoentration If the turns decreases, the volume of the rofroidiasotal agent is reduced over time in an appropriate manner,

   
 EMI30.3
 To thus obtain the memo vituuuu of cooling When air or another gas is used as the idij3 named agent, in order to ensure that the speed of the cooled agent coomunt passing through the opening tranaversala ropréauntée in the figure 7 or uniforao on all parts, the passage can be subdivided as indicated by the thin vertical curved walls 80.

   When
 EMI30.4
 that a Prussian sonibl * a uniformity reign in each of the chambers of 8OufflaQ A, B ut 0, passages having a uniform dimension give
 EMI30.5
 velocities sanciblemant uniformos of the agent d9 ''. 'Ocoolissemont flowing upwards in front of the coils with hovel that they move above these passages.



   Another alternative construction of the air passages which gives uniform cooling of the non-concentric spiros without using the cover is shown in FIG. 8. In this case, a succession of passages 82 of maximum width is provided which are

 <Desc / Clms Page number 31>

 
 EMI31.1
 similar to those shown in figure 3. Between - ', -' the maximum width passages is a series # <"'of shorter packages 84 at between each: pair 19, ..... Ù:': ", 'pa13Sf1ga 84 sv finds a passas 85 even more # ## #; -*'##'# short.

   This arrangement has the cumulative effect of
 EMI31.2
 provide the greatest amount of air required. on the sides of the overlapping turns and an eco1, \ lt less important as one gets closer to the qj4-: '* "'"; # tro One can easily adjust the number and size of the passes according to the variation of the metal mass of the turns which is at the minimum in the center, and
 EMI31.3
 which increases slowly at first as we get asp-r * '# -'% "" near the sides and finally quickly a little before. , -..-. "- to reach the lateral zones of the sp1rco. <-" ':' '* The collector mechanism 16 is under a tomme âtzplitido4 tos apiros du t'il = -. ob.1no ...' U ", '{. '. they leave the end of the fall conveyor - #.,.;

   bent to the stubborn conical 88 for etro'recolllea jî; '1 * /! ï., in the form of a roller 22. As soon as the last turn of the roller is deposited, the plate is rotated
 EMI31.4
 water 90 to uottre uno nouvelleollo head 92 in the .1, 'i position of meditation to receive the suocoseioi-; larger of the wire rod spiros.

   As the next roll is formed, roll 22 is removed from core 88 ... '
 EMI31.5
 We will now describe the process of refilol "'" "' 'dl"? 3Ttnt l't1e; lâ of rolled steel wire machines, - to'. as they exit from the wire rod rolling mill to obtain wire rod having the unique characteristics of the present invention with reference to
 EMI31.6
 the embodiment of the fisurc 9. #. "'" fc

 <Desc / Clms Page number 32>

 -Each section of wire rod is obtained from
 EMI32.1
 starting from a b11 tta suule. Each billet weighs hL, bltuell, .-, - r4int at least lsi-kg and can weigh up to 580 kg or more.

   The length of the wire aac'aine dpund of
 EMI32.2
 the. dimension. 'du la billatte and is usually at. care 120 metros and can reach 2700 meters or more.
 EMI32.3
 



  The rolled ee4tchln.3 yarn exiting the rolling mill at a temperature between 95 ° and 1066 ° C. is directed through a guide ot cooling tube 101 to a laying drum or cone 102.



    The water is introduced into the guide tube and ro-
 EMI32.4
 cooling to cool the wire rod to 732 * 0 for the offset of low carbon steel grade and? 68 '. for more qualities ± this * carbon fiber. The effect depends on the final condition of the product, but is usually greater than 704 ° C. Laying cone 102 is arranged to deposit the wire rod. on a carrier generally designated by
 EMI32.5
 'the' number of * 103d The 'transporter is made up' by Unf; J 'riIat' ... tox: 1}) 4 on which rest guide bars 196.

   The platform this split at 105 to allow the passage of jets of cooling gas delivered by blowers 107.
 EMI32.6
 



  -Don, registers 112 are used to regulate the flow of the coolant through these cans. A conveyor chtl1no 108 ontratn5o by a transmission 109 is used to drag the
 EMI32.7
 * JMJ gas. machine on the guide bars '' 3.06.

   A hood 110 do re- 'xaid.u-'c: oilvxe the transporter and helped steer the dooulomont sement

 <Desc / Clms Page number 33>

 
 EMI33.1
 'The wire machine is' deposited on the pl9, te-forBt & .- "' 'in the form of a succession of wax convolutions. ¯, -. # Non-concentric oulaïros, whose distance is' ,," represented under exaggerated formo for clarity; Is the deposited wire rod cooled by radiation? ## ;; in a /, /, onci of equalization then penetrates in 'la -, zone located, under the, hood where. it is xapid Y: # et unïfoem6eant-reerold "&. par. le, gas do coolieax spacer back .spired circular pormot & n ga dt '' f '*' - .. vonir -uni |! ora (5iaoiit at -contact of all the parts: '#', ## :. "* bzz of the wire rod # io mass flow along the carrier t. is greater on the outer sides than in the middle.

   A greater proportion of the agent of '#;':, \ cooled sse # ont is therefore admitted on the outer lpa'b, 6rdç of the carrier as shown by their V arrows 111 so that the extraction of heat -a: from the wire rod is miitorao on all the rollers, that is to say that the mass flow
 EMI33.2
 of the coolant across the width of the.
 EMI33.3
 transporter is proportional to the mass flow 'Y;' machine threads laid across the width. lia, quantity.



  1 There is sufficient cooling applied along the conveyor belt to cool the wire * a- #
 EMI33.4
 china in a way fast enough to get
 EMI33.5
 an aonsiblemnt complete transformation of J'au '* v - # -
 EMI33.6
 
 EMI33.7
 tenite before the temperature drops below '##; . , glue corresponding to the elbow 'of the cteurba 3.uterr,. of the diagram 'do lôotheniqu transformation of art' '"particular quality of steel.' ',.; -', - * i-'H'i <mc; oh3.n3 jazz vnou ut. '' \" '. " i "Lo wire rod this evacuates to a, r::

   # * /? ', "# of 59" C. or less and is collected in a hatbr t

 <Desc / Clms Page number 34>

 
 EMI34.1
 winding 112, - After- âécalsniîissa, in 1 ut ':' stretch it dircetomont in the form of a metal wire without additional heat treatment.
 EMI34.2
 Em.iPLE-1.- -
A typical microstructure of a controlled cooled wire rod of the present invention is shown in Figure 10 along with comparison samples. Figure 11 shows the structure of the scale of the wire rods.



   All samples were prepared from
 EMI34.3
 from the same load of steel it appears ordinary (0.63% by weight of carbon, 1.00% by weight of manganese and 0.17% by weight of silicon) * The billets weighed approximately 181 kg and were laminate with a nominal diameter of 6.575 mm on the same roller. The wire rod from which samples A and D were obtained was wound up on the conveyor.
 EMI34.4
 tower previously described entered 782Q and 799 * 04 in the form of non-concentric turns with a diameter of 120 in, the spacing between the edges of the turns being do 37,

  5 mm approx. The total number of turns is 129 and the speed of the conveyor is 18 meters per minute * The controlled cooling by air jet started less than 15 seconds. after * when the temperature of the wire rod reached 782 C. and the wire rod was then cooled evenly from 746 C. at the rate of 444 per minute and removed from the conveyor and wound up at 249 "VS.



     We wound up the wire rod from which we

 <Desc / Clms Page number 35>

 
 EMI35.1
 . prepared the sample. B at 788 "C. Approximately CI, UXIO conventionally, as it becomes more common; laoîr.; #? #. # ;;, # black, the roll being able to cool k l t ai'.1k: / r :: 'keel. -; -'.- '#' /.##'# ###, r ra. ':. ; 6 .; . a p '':

   We obtained -1: 00 ecxantilions C "êt: t, '1':!:;, ;; '. Y .... aSuesl.t". from the wire rod from which 'Oâl. 'a' Qbtéy.;.:;: ',' r # ### s Ç; 'jTV 11 sample B after having drawn the wire IIIacbl. :: ': / i, ".,.". ""' '' '' '!' '' 11. ' '",,' l '' '' '' '' '> ,,' 1 tune. ' , '# # # .'.- ;. \ i ->; y The following table gives the'results ofij;:; i': '' 1: zs exams which have been carried out;, <...., ¯: ..,; t ::

   l <w .. '.: Ï ,. ''. '': -'-'- '

 <Desc / Clms Page number 36>

 
 EMI36.1
 3.aras- 'Thickness of the scale Résiatan- rue-cure FeO Fe 304 Fe2O3 Total lea ce' at id streak- small
 EMI36.2
 
<tb> rupture <SEP> lunar <SEP> tion
<tb>
<tb> kg / cm2
<tb>
 
 EMI36.3
 Rofroi- diso6 <-
 EMI36.4
 
<tb> nent
<tb>
<tb> normal
<tb>
 
 EMI36.5
 1 9245.6 43.6 25- 'C, Ql3 OtOO5 0.00250.0125 950618 45.8 25 0.0125 OtOO5 Q, fltz5 0.02 9001.3 3812 25 0.0075 0.0025 0.0025 0.0125 9321 , 2 47.4 25 01,, DO625 0.005 e, 00125 0.0075 bzz 9u * i7 44t2 S9 0.01 0.009 C, OG '"ofex7 |.' # HMM G 9207.1 48.7 25 0.01 0.025 C4CI7.25 0901375
 EMI36.6
 
<tb> Cool-
<tb>
 
 EMI36.7
 #. \ 4.rwySr
 EMI36.8
 
<tb> lying
<tb>
 
 EMI36.9
 .... too 375 0 t 00125 0.01125 2 2 ': .CÎ ±' a, 9. . '' .f- '' fi, w00 0 00375 0.001850.01125 1 0oo, to. '- ;:' k. xt.0 ,:

   5, ô375 0.001250.01125 1068.9 r 5g, '1Q-. ,, ocxz5 0.00375 0.00125 0.0075 .f ## ..-- #, # '. "##'" "## '" "'. ''" '"" "".' "" '""'! '!' "'- #' ####################### 5 1065o, 8 55.7 ia '- ô, 005 0.005 o, om? 5 0.01, 10560.2 55.4 10 0.008750.00250.001250.0125

 <Desc / Clms Page number 37>

 
 EMI37.1
 (After)
 EMI37.2
 Micros- Thickness of battltat ;: # Résia - thing ... the OB "!. '!'.! U! <M.; J Rou- tance St-.rie- truc- 2eo ire3ol 1 / ea," i . "#otal," ,, '. d,
 EMI37.3
 
<tb> tiara
<tb>
 
 EMI37.4
 yours, ##. #.:, / #. # ;;. ## break time. # "# ..-., ... ', -.' ## f.Hf.v- kg / cn2 lami. \ ../ J naire; # ". ## '#",>;' r '' # "'' -> '; ##'; * - ';;' '.' # v- \ '-!' Lt (Creat- '# .-' # - # '#'. ".. ,, ## .;". # '#> #; .. air '/, .-, #.,.':;. uy, ¯ --- ri-ri: j: .'-: - :: yr. air 0) '"' '-" \ # "# '#' * # 'vv; -' #, l - 'vv1>:' '.: / f *%' '#' '# 1 10101 55.4 15-20 ,, 0 O12' 0 0065:> 'Q' 002; "'::

   . ,> O "04 ':: /) 2' 1015lut4 5210 10-20 0.031 0.00625 0, Poa5 0.0375.; .., 3 10026.8 53 $ 0 10-20 0.0325 0.005 0100125 '0.038: - 4 10253.6 51.1 10-20 0.03125 0.0062.5 0.00125 0.3875 5 10026.8 56.7 10-20 0.025 0.00625 0.00125 "0.0325 6 9926 54.7 10- 20 0.03125 0.00625 0.00125 '0.0; 6.75, "
 EMI37.5
 (1) photograph A - (2) photograph 3-.

   (3) photograph C z photograph 2 *,; (5) photograph E -

 <Desc / Clms Page number 38>

 
It can be seen that when compared to air-drawn wire, the machine wire of the present invention has a finer-grained ferrite structure and comprises fine perlite and is substantially free of bainite. A reason of course for this finer grain size is the rapid cooling of the wire rod in addition to the fact that the wire rod was only heated once in the billet state in the wire rod rolling mill and not by the machine. after. Conventional air quenching involves reheating the laminas machine lines and this promotes crystal growth.

   The controlled cooled wire rods of the present invention are therefore characterized in that they are not heat treated after being rolled. This lack of subsequent heating is reflected in the size of the crystals in comparison with the conventional wire rod rolling mill product suitable for wire drawing which still had to be heat treated in some way up to now after rolling. thus presented a coarser grain size.

   Naturally, the alloy constituents effect the dimension. seed rate and the same is true of the characteristics of the billet, but for any given quality of a carbon steel the microstructure of the controlled-cooled wire rods present;

     invention this ever finer and more uniform, We can easily observe this finer structure when compared to a sample from the same billet and the maze charges

 <Desc / Clms Page number 39>

 
 EMI39.1
 of steel which has been coiled in a conventional manner and cooled normally and subsequently air quenched in a proper manner.
 EMI39.2
 Uno comparison of mic: r; 'op'b.otographiEia1.D and E of figure 11 against clearly that the quantity ;;

  . '
 EMI39.3
 total of the batitur4! ,, s of the machine wires cooled. '"\ according to the present invention is inferior and that they
 EMI39.4
 are cracked. Figure D shows a link n. /.*, ;;! in a single phase (wüstite) from scale to base metal, while the photograph shows a partial transformation of wüstite into
 EMI39.5
 iron and magnetite unfavorable to the face of 'bzz - ,.' ï '' '- #'. , * paration of $ scale and base metal * - (The white areas in the photographs are formed by the steel
 EMI39.6
 de baso).

   The wustite layer is aeezvalMf% X # | ibi 3P da \ 'IOua by lu .i! A: a and the Jlil! Ti.é1G'i & a' B9M 3-jl /! - '' î> ';. magnetite insoluble in acid on the photographer? ' is almost twice as thick as on the photo
 EMI39.7
 tography D. '---'-'. '', '; \. 'Can we prepare some samples? 'defce: V,' / #, undermine the improvement obtained by # la .ijfeÂwïidiesi'pen.'l set in a choice of two identical balls; prQ '' '' i-! r.,. of the same load of steel and reducing them in the mgao wire rod rolling mill to the same d.1mè <: 'sion, for example in the form of an N 5 wire rod.



  The wire rod from a billet is formed into non-concentric turns and is cooled. do as indicated by the present invention and the other is coiled and cooled in a conventional manner and is subsequently quenched in air. The

 <Desc / Clms Page number 40>

 
 EMI40.1
 . '' ttm:; c '! î; , t'i: ',: ol, q1tàntillon is carried out in ati-; Sahtps: ciG le'fi * l: "jaSèSlnb through a reheating oven to bring its temperature to the-dosisua of 9820, ,,, puian rcfroidiuss. t in the still air, after which we roll it up.



    EXAMPLE II.-
We have. processed about 20 tons of steel.
 EMI40.2
 vl.1n '.. 1r.:.t of 7 * ± .5.: o load according to the present invention in 101 rolls of N 5 machine wire.
 EMI40.3
 -royr;, n of the rolls ri was of 185 kg * The rollers were then treated to obtain four types of metallic thread, in Bib
 EMI40.4
 8 * 165 kb - spring wire do 2e63? 5 mm 4.540 kg - spring wire do high resistance of 1.9 mm 3.629 kg - trimmed to 2.575 mm in view of the trenpe to form a galvanized spring wire drawn to 0, 9 mm
 EMI40.5
 z, 908 kg 1 trimmed to 113 mm for the
 EMI40.6
 Y.4 .. (. E 'i, I' i. $ "Y, yf y.'i '7!' Z.5 '.,.'. * '' '' 'F;' ;. 'w '.a: ..;: lf, a} yy, iSC.;:

  .âlfFl, i '.. h1f t.:y.ni!;n. ¯ ';.;'. J. ".; '^ N-p, s--,,' # ... ¯, r., Ef ';.,.; \, Y.; S.a". ..., -; '-.' 3 '/ ai; <A. ,, .-. V! NY; t; "; Ç: -1i'; aiV.; K'11 '..'; ^ O., - '<- '/'. '': '' '.. ::' '' - '. si'7' '.,. -1, .....'?

 <Desc / Clms Page number 41>

 
 EMI41.1
 The sons JllaÓh1ne., .., pàyfci 4 * # "',' do bïlle ttua do 52 y eb me sideways were obtained using tib'là * 'Three-cage continuous mirror having 6'ittliwjr Aa'déffftBoifliag, 4 stages intIiÍ1lj4J: ... dë 46Ó. ':: eiâoogQ, 4 6tu3o of stranding and. 5, 4t $ g * yp 41' (tt- ':: "', lu80.

   L49 fila machinas are, loptî * due lifflnojjp '; at a tOltip6ru1aU'8 do 10Ë4'C <and 62ï i f '* J? Woi <il | j * rf ll #; J0Ui fornô de 8pif o:' ooncÁt: k., "'!". jtt ±! 1 ''.:! 4S.t1-e exterha of about 190 cm yes,, 'Gt' ut11isazt11 tata db 6'jjt'a '', '.'; 'wie' .1r.ru '41 <1J1sembl. adr at ih% 'S <tS ce moved -6 a speed do 18% t> t # ûn èHévM''Ci' by ai auto. L100pD.o.;: All the boles entered gamattd Set of turns 3 not concont.riquf: I3 & t: 1it of 7t5 JaSA eÍ \ rt1 "CS11.



  Xo. tt'm.'1potoUl "i \ mtos a.ppr <; '"' "* 'required on a lOfiZU0ur d 11.4 Subways to allow jets to be taken up from rotro1diosemaut ûû.y / feplros On n 'a piu applied by air of r3troidl Meaunt -ur 1 * ïo 4,5 pronivra a-HroCj then .on applied <- qué tcure air to cool 1-N flic L,' C! 1in.es dG 2o tp !) It 0 fthl '. By lo di'iirraacû de trs.isforaetic-îi ëothef-l'uu four- cottu, qu <tim to steel. We include: the of all .parties of the turns c '".. no {:>: nC: I!') t: -, \. qu ::. (3,, Jnclt.lúm.; nt. \ la likes speed * We fi Nrr ,, 1di les fils machinas 8. 2GOeC., 8nV: \. J: lOn,> ", '.



  Lt4o m1eroetruoturep of these sons = chi = $ yer- froia in the regulated way vsasia de, had 4 juiv I # nteet quant & l9u.r qHalf * idjÉÈS.vt * 3tv '

 <Desc / Clms Page number 42>

 
 EMI42.1
 air-soaked structure! 1 BO 'enY1ron of' fine perlite, 20% appeared eroasiàpo 'average t'd 1111 ..: l1 \ uJC \ uloa only traces of grAin "de fftt't'1tl! L, (at one svot, 1 thickly do 790 times). tom éu; 1.otnnolilD â In trtLot1on date 4 long sample taken Hard the rolls were HERE 'l, V6!
 EMI42.2
 lxuêmit6a nnt61 "i & uroa lxtv4ràitis soe- se d <K chantiUoae '' - * ##### t6" iu \ U. '.. N. the 2744; éeWatiî, .. # Ma .7 ,. -9 '....' 2744 .- '%: 22 8676' 2SI8 86) '..'. P ,.



  10 2608. / 2630 1. 6 '.' '"' 2- .Ê '' 25 S963 ytrti '' &! .. '-.MM'%" rup- Crui says 99 # 1 To il 1W n /, duzl "6";,; .. ', <Ii.,
 EMI42.3
 Los Pale ôi ** 4ôa ûs-. * Ôft I aôt: nominal t of the thread to the bit of 1s. ', H,' c 4.> Ï

 <Desc / Clms Page number 43>

 tition and uniformity of tensile strength values are considered to be good.

   The average tensile strengths of this particular lot
 EMI43.1
 are about 700 ks / em2 greater than tin fil mak. # "classic air-soaked 5.45 mm china having this composition,
The measurements of the wire rods were made as follows: (determined from 12 rolls taken at random)
 EMI43.2
 
<tb> Extracted <SEP> anté <SEP> Middle '<SEP> End
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> ¯¯¯¯coures¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ <SEP> posterior
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Side <SEP> bottom <SEP> 5.35 <SEP> to <SEP> 5.525 <SEP> 5.25 <SEP> to <SEP> 5.525 <SEP> 5.3 <SEP> to <SEP> 5 , 6
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Side <SEP> top <SEP> 5.675 <SEP> to <SEP> 5.975 <SEP> 5.625 <SEP> to <SEP> 5.85 <SEP> 5.575 <SEP> to <SEP> 5.85
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Average <SEP> 5.4 <SEP> x <SEP> 5,

  775 <SEP> 0.54 <SEP> x <SEP> 5.775 <SEP> 5.425 <SEP> x <SEP> 5.77
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Round <SEP> nominal <SEP> 5.5875 <SEP> 5.5857 <SEP> 5.6.
<tb>
 
 EMI43.3
 l> the following uauaïm were also etrootu4a on
 EMI43.4
 
<tb> the <SEP> -fil <SEP> machine <SEP> come <SEP> from <SEP> rolling <SEP>;

   <SEP>
<tb>
<tb> For <SEP> hundred <SEP> of elongation <SEP> by
<tb>
 
 EMI43.5
 25 cm (bench arch) Average Minimum Hximum Anterior-extremities 6e3% 4.3 '? I6 .1 v 75% Posterior extremity :) 6.7% "4.37%" 75'lb
 EMI43.6
 
<tb> For <SEP> oont <SEP> of <SEP> striction <SEP> (amin-
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> cisooment) <SEP> Average <SEP> Minimum <SEP> Maximum
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Anterior <SEP> ends <SEP> 53.4% <SEP> - <SEP> 46.8% <SEP> 59.2%
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> Posterior <SEP> ends <SEP> 54t4% <SEP> 45.0%.

   <SEP> 62.0%
<tb>
 

 <Desc / Clms Page number 44>

 
 EMI44.1
 
<tb> Chemical <SEP> analysis <SEP> (20 <SEP> samples <SEP> prie- <SEP> at <SEP> chance)
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> C <SEP> MN <SEP> P <SEP> S
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 0162 / 0.64 <SEP> 0.99 / 1.05 <SEP> 0.009 / 0.012 <SEP> 0.028 / 0.051
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> If <SEP> Cu
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 0.171 / 0.188 <SEP> 0.11 / 0.12
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> For <SEP> hundred <SEP> of <SEP> scale <SEP> on <SEP> the
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> surface <SEP> of the <SEP> wire <SEP> machine <SEP> (Check <SEP> Average <SEP> Minimum <SEP> Maximum
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> fication <SEP> in <SEP> laboratory)
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> (20 <SEP> samples <SEP> taken <SEP> at <SEP> at random) <SEP> 0.50% <SEP> 0.27% <SEP> 0,

  72%
<tb>
   Plis.bones (20 samples taken at random
Roller? 10 1 fold 0.1 mm
Roll N 11 1 ply 0,05mm
All other rolls examined were wrinkle free.



  Folds (20 samples taken at random)
Roll N 9 1 fold OtO? 5mmi
All other rolls examined showed no kinks.



    Dirons ion of grains (2C samples taken at random)
Rolled wire rod \ rolling
6 to 8
MoQuaid Ehn 6

 <Desc / Clms Page number 45>

 
 EMI45.1
 partial flurffaoe-Péoagburetion .i'Vj- '-1,' '.' ';' ./ .. '' '' '' '' ', "" .. 1>. ,,' (20 samples taken 'at h9ord) \ # -. ': #' <## '. / ,; .. '##' * '##' "#? * '. {# [' # r''f ± '?; <001) -: ## :.' -:::. <- .. ''. ' j, t ', g, f: r.' '1 f r., 4, *,'. ' '.' '.. *.':. * '' - "'"' - "'.'! * ''. '.' t ').' A'j.-.



  '' ## '######, tiv'J' SyCl4üTilV.4J.Cli '', ...: 'tf> - "¯y' 1lt.'si. '' 'ro: r?' n : H ,,.



  ', (:.' ;; ';' "(":;:,} ",, ',,,'; / '' ,; 7; f 3 chantil-lpna :, l, -, 'J". .: i ... J! \ '. ",., 1)"'. '..,,., y ;; \,' t "....,., - .. ,,, .. .: '..'.... # /.: 6 LjCllVd..imirYni. "Ye, 7 ,,, to, a'. ':;, Fi,!; ## i: r * ..,' . "", '-') f {.... 'i., Wf \ ,, ", ::? 3;: 11..1 .., '(;,;' - .. '-" / ""' '-; 1.sample .--,;.



  # .. "; Oai" ettay, .leolrotlaau.c, .., 3mxâër.c '; yëa = .x' #; Cû'a Ëô '1oivdu61i :: don', çié # aci4, ;; ütr'u?:. 1:, - ";. 5 ç, .w ;, #### .. '#.: # -' , .. # '"/, - # <.:,.' ;; \ I '// t, .rj'f.1! Ë 1m ;, We used seven rouienuxpM'8Upp' <t''ÏA ' % lU: &. used seven rolls 'par.'. IiIUPP '' :, ', .. t4': l;, r ': t ####### ..: "". #' #. :. ## - '#; /; - # 'T &.' Di: -temperature, load 'a' ét, de '6 "c 8'Qt' (il1f. ;;:.? :: '; Ù': \: le'temps cleaning time was 10 to 15 minutes / e "! approximately per support. Seventy-seven rollers <*: 7;.; ';': r '., were treated 1 .n lime and i.

   Air. ti, 'lt, t,' b11. & Yll ,, '' kn ^ '' '". #" ##:, ###; #, #' 1: "'" \' ,: "", 1, ...:. ': -:' ,, \: .. / #); #: # 't' /: '; (J / :; t.' '# "borax We weighed four' loads a .cho1 'a: 1es:' ëi: u ':' 11aS: t # a:.) 'i -?':,: wire rods onduita of 'borax a and rr, r le-nûttoyage ot .'an, u3Ma For two chargoa t '01'.1 .:' "; j ':' # did not observe any ohangemont of weight t for a '" ,,'. # '.' / '# charge weight loss i' 4té 'de- 0.52% and pot;.' '> :: -' 'ia-charco resttnt (she was do b3t5 in tec 8'9 & ... j ..... ci: Ü.ict: :; c se .ûW..l. "vû4 ias: a: 4s qûo cetto slight decrease in weight due to the anl &vos.ont;

    beats them r.minuio: pa3.âs fâu '.'3n'.ZVc: nr # r' / f 'tures is striking The spring-loaded nutalliquo yarn u been vr, -from the spine yarn Ni1 tÓ he used lime. six hole at a rate of 210 titled by tdfttHië t tii lifet Vrihant sec: ta tfi8ti8ii t8tlâ î \ t 'ai 9b îiv diantre des trOuS li1 fH1tr' iMI te 4 4 ', i% \ \% * \? 5 bans ce Gt3 j?:?! citt'ô i.13.n '1.% b \' to. vâx. i. ' 11Î'tibtf6 .f. f4'7.û'1p fl3t3 ïi1 it \ 1.1Ms, '...'.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 46>

 worship.

   No breakage occurred and the service life of the die was good The terminated metal wires do not tend to be brittle
 EMI46.1
 The 2.6375 mst spring wire passed the 1-X winding test successfully and exhibited the following tensile strength (50 rolls of-
 EMI46.2
 Approx. 163 kg each).

   Average, Mir3.mv, Maxi û Anterior extremity 16429kg / cma 1 * 820k / am 17290kg / cm Posterior extremities 16051 15330 1736-
 EMI46.3
 Required # '' # 15120: 17360 - -., 7..metaxl, a heavy-duty 1.9mm spring was drawn from lime-treated wire rod in ut3..isrt 3, hole 'xa. aou do 210 meters per minute and a dry lubricant.

   The total necking was 88.4% The diameters of the holes in the die were:
 EMI46.4
 41375 3.775 3.325 2.9 2 ,,. , 2,4 1,9 The following test results were obtained:

 <Desc / Clms Page number 47>

 
 EMI47.1
 36a mechanics effootées on 7 trolleys of support ''. 1 do 'wV 81 k envïrcn each. / f '.,. ':, r,' r.i fy. y, Moyenna Minlaùt / 'Kasimxûa'.; .. v Resistance to Ends antre- 1704 kg / cm 2 18130 kg / 0fP.2 .1A.D gJOIl .. breaking laughter. # - # i * Extrm1tÓa not ,. 19160 .. 18970 '"' '19460:",:,>.



  .. - ', i,' r t6ritluras: ## - ô # -. '' 'eeasr. "i'13 v 1t9? b JMeeesaire # - 17350 1'9741),> -,' ## #> \ 'K'.LÜri3J.0k'.3 on Z'" x'f'rrfilil , # a: r "3 i.I1'f'rt'I" Y 40.8 39 4 '',> '"' ': 20 cm ri-urus",; ....



  Extracted poe ... 41.3., 37 '; . , '. '44. ", '" ,,'. tdriouros "'V1,, - #' ## '', r ,,,; n, 9.;: 'e.



  '# ..-, # ",;.



  ; 'tFl (; xonl3 du Ends nnté- 78psi 68. # "#';!, - 7:; l V '.?' .. '", "#, -" t41. t ... "' .. .



  900 on a rlouros. # '# /.,'; # ## '.' '' & If.v '' - p ..., '; A: 4t.'....' radius of Ends poe- 8200 73 ';' ! 'i \:.: -W. (;' | y'1?.,; H, <!!)!?! ... 1. \ 4 '-.:,.' J.-.



  , '; 1 M 1 "U \' J" '.. fJU!'.!. , tH f,. 'I') "J 1;, .. 1 '' ('i J.; ...
 EMI47.2
 l7ua. ,, 's3 Toua the samples underwent. ue,, i d 'ritauâer4n,, # - ,; I-X ftvoe Buoph, '"#, i,;. I-Ç'A-; 4j /.'A 1-XnvcoauoohB. N I n,' ns, 5 by.



  * Loo osunta of the twist ut of bending, lift 'pont paa 7515-r -i, t S' condition niîûbtfsniro of oatto quality of yarn. ,:, z,,. quo yossort. We have added the peeaie $ 'level <wt 1: 0 dvrivai fil for oable açïer oba' g. pyocaesufl d't / ofîui fil pour oAbl & etiep d'e iiftî'v '- ym! simply for a matter of interest would do:, t \ All lem.-hn, G ... an oa, 3 have had the qo & UÏU of torsion and bending according to the standards for- a # ';, * mutnlliquu wire for steel oîblô of the charm pcyfe.Q "'' .111f,, .i #. # '- # -rr We drew6 li. dgyesf! io material of 2.375 mu from the coated mnobino thread borax gn ufcllljsnnfr,'"; '' #. '#

 <Desc / Clms Page number 48>

 
 EMI48.1
 seven holes at the rate of 300 meters pnr miftutc ot a lubricant'suc. The striction "" ot.110 was 6t, dtt 82.

   Lv dinrc of the holes in the die: 6tit of 4.65 4.075 3.575.3.125 2.75 2.525 2.375 a The r4eultat3 s1J.iv (nte s- '#
 EMI48.2
 EssI H rr / canlqu'is 1 1. f t oatuéa B'lr 35 'oul, <;!' 1UX do. 168 ka
 EMI48.3
 
<tb> about <SEP> each
<tb>
 
 EMI48.4
 Koysnftft Minimum maximum Resistance Extr \: mit6B anté. 16366 kgf () t :: / "15400 k /; / cm2 17010 kgf cm2 at. Break! Rj.'uros Ends poo- 16240 15890 16890 teréricurcf3 rOn1ons Ends antvl- 37 31 44 mut 20 cm: ritfurûa 2x't: râlDlt6u pon 'Rf 4? S 44 fcc'ï-loureB * Fluxion due Ex'!: rdmi '<: 8 ant- 1 (4.4 66' 116 90 "Dur a cut radius do Ext: rmit6f! poo- 10 & ' , ô 97 123, 14.25 BS! tdrie'urop
 EMI48.5
 ### (* 'Pa? Tilit Mctua ind, dchtxntillono suffered the onosni dtonroulomqnt ² # "#'. ... l-X v << û buaa '# i * # \ ¯;

   . . # "## '/. - \ V. -' '. * L <.ts tries 4th, torsion and bending are not babitu & 3.- lomont not vetoctudo on av type do fil tadtalliquo, Oit ft cffcîotud read eosaia next read proeoeaue of a 6;, i of a for abxa on e, cier de char. rue p & yfo'tionJ for a lxri0r d ült6rt3 g'3rrtl, ## Tcue lc-a 6oMntilionu oasuySa have undergone tersion tests r4t bending uvoo ijuooè f3 tjuïvitnt the standards of a metallic thread for cdbio un qoi r do oharpuo

 <Desc / Clms Page number 49>

 
 EMI49.1
 perfected. * # '../ \' 'We stretched the rough material # a1,3 ace! through 10 trouo at the rate of 3W bolsters per cj-aute ',. ¯ ;; 'r using' dry lubricant. Total La.etrietid-4; , ". was 94 <6.

   The diameters of the holes in the filiT9 "., Were # '' '<' S%]. - * .." 4 <¯- 4.125 3.325 2.9 25.2 1.95 11725 1-s-51 1 On got the results 1.1Y71'W P ^ 7
 EMI49.2
 Basais ,, tnoani0uog effe., Ctu4s, 2ur ,, 7 rolls da-1,. >, * #: # '# "' '" # "*" ""' "T" l? L # "" # '' ### "" - '¯' ## -, "'" #; 4y-; # about each,> v *, "-.," '': #.! ": '/ # .-' #>:. * î'-v., '"' *: 't "" l - cà2Cui -. - ...; '.-.... ,, .-.' .. ',': '.' 'f <(.. <' t. / Reoistance ct6m.ds ante¯ 22680 kglcm ' 223O Kg / et * 2 X338Ô kg / ëm2- à la rup-. Riù'ores #; - '<# turkish bzz Postd- 23170 22ü.' "',' 20, / V. ':,' '! Rieuros * Flexlon'de Bxtrdmitée ant <5- 59.3 - 51 '- \'. V "* / * '' 90 on a riotirca .... '..' ,, # radius of Bxtr4mit6a post- 60.0 52 69 6.75 billion: ricuros ¯., "#
 EMI49.3
 Ductility All the samples have been tested successfully. ; "", ..



  '..¯¯ ¯ ... ¯. c- * A 6tiMgo of this type of a steel 1 1t3 jjbb k 1 4 * tm., wire rod If 5 (5.258 mm) is considered to be uh shot; quite s4vi'rc wire rage.



  # ;. s 'EXAMPLE III.- "4; -' #; ### All the photomicrographs of, ... w- le. Figure 12 were obtained from the same charge of a, aciE! J "pi" 47,:. '"sensing a carbon content c ;, 7 ..,' Samples A and B were obtained .- # # '# \ Iva samples A and B from a roll weighing':. ''

 <Desc / Clms Page number 50>

 About 181 kg, which was rolled up in an
 EMI50.1
 Check that the machine wire was coming out of the wire rod. The air-quenched sample c was obtained and the reac- ly cooled sample D was obtained.
 EMI50.2
 e160 from rolls prepared as described in Example II.

   The same rolling mill as in Example II was used where the dimension of the wire rod was 5.258 mm.
 EMI50.3
 



  The variation of the. ptiorostruo-ture with the mechanical properties Corrspond4fitos ot the lowest ductility of a fll'machin (3: re: f.'rÓidi .. ": in a classic way are recpï'aa.tuoa éur.iqe photo - graphies A ot B and Show the effect of the slower cooling rates ot the variation of the transformation al- low. The oxtornet strand which has cooled the most rapidly is closest to one.
 EMI50.4
 product very strong, while the internal strand presents a greater quantity of torrito., is in a block form and a liciritic gangue which lacks toughness for drawing, A typical structure hardened with l air of the same
 EMI50.5
 ost steel ;. represented in the éhnntiiion.

   It s igit .en, granda. ' party "" iP \ U1C gangue Borbi to-p.erlit: 1.q with i, a minimum dt. precipitation in the form * (The ferrite. We can stretch very Rvantguus (: scnt co type of structure in the form of a metal wire, l '<2c) Mmtillon D represents everything, The length of the cooled wire in a regulated way of the present invention ot one can say
 EMI50.6
 that it bears! '11vorClbltmcnt the comparison with the structure soaked in air. The microstructure shows

 <Desc / Clms Page number 51>

 
 EMI51.1
 ,: r or¯ :: t .; r.:;i1Üt.tlm dw ferrite- and matrix 8ol "bt-. {##>. r 1 iti ,! at the end ... 'IIv'tv.,.,' t 'Ii" \ -,. ,, 4't .. r .'.- ''. j :. '- l <v.nin <! a "il J1 \ tlchin \ .- of 5.258 mm to more than a. -.r 'r .; ..ort co # .iv. clued in the example' '.



  1 :. L, .. king u 'ht olcriu ta.it d. i 6i kg approx-. I * a- # '\: 1'1..1' con jriit v, é6.: '.N poi1 dl.1 è "rbono,. 0.83% sk ...' ¯ # '.. r, -7!, 3: .1.:., '.T!.' H1J ... tt C, 17 in on weight of $ llioi o. = '; # / -'; .. 'On:. Pj' t.'1 '.. seen d \ ,: 1' cl :: r: tllon d'esani every 10,,, r; 3 izv if approximately: lt ¯xnr, tiv :: nc.wt 8ur..las '' .o & ttSs and. <LU.C! M; *. tr ... lu- ïr * msJ.0i'tv / ar de r'jfyoidiaaenty'Ï'6 '-'- fit .u! miv..nt showed the unifomltrf of f3. spine 'on:; ..'.> VJ'lt '..;'. h) I '"U ur. '1' / 1> ',.,'; (I -1fcu! .I:; i cat du tr ": n1port.:.; U :::

  , Castre of transporter n \ .. d, t1. 'lI1 (, "1 / \" t "'" di'bl'téÎlat 4 1l
 EMI51.2
 
<tb> 2 <SEP> 10165.4
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 9833.6
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 5 <SEP> 10057
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> '10034.5
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 7 <SEP> 9797.2
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 8 <SEP>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 9 <SEP> 10100.3
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 10 <SEP> 10010
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 11 <SEP> 10128.3
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 12 <SEP> 9959.6
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 13 <SEP> 10070.2
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb>
<tb> 14 <SEP> 10278.
<tb>
 

 <Desc / Clms Page number 52>

 
 EMI52.1
 



  110 j'oce: 11 COtC du trnoorU-ur C, n ":. R <. Du tr'lr; 1ror ... ': (:. ^. 1EI :::': ^. Vi 1'1 rur- r; .t :: "- R:) iu ', rc. \
 EMI52.2
 ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ "',.' 1 '" ("<1.,., 2):" "' iyY ft,, 1" "" '2 \ 1073.1
 EMI52.3
 
<tb> 16 <SEP>: 0050.5
<tb>
<tb> 17 <SEP> 1C12 "-, Î
<tb>
<tb> 10115.7
<tb>
<tb> 19 <SEP>: 0090.5
<tb>
<tb> 20 <SEP> 10175
<tb>
<tb> 21 <SEP> 9861.6
<tb>
 
 EMI52.4
 2, i 4 ^ Ir, r v J Wi
 EMI52.5
 
<tb> 25 <SEP> 9962.4
<tb>
<tb> 24 <SEP> 10128.3
<tb>
<tb> 25 <SEP> @@@@ o
<tb>
<tb> 26 <SEP> 9999.5
<tb>
 
 EMI52.6
 f) /f.:4. 7 10 ,? ',, 2' IWhere ', 4 i, EXEMLL V. -
 EMI52.7
 01, 'l' r:.! ri: l: # ciiJ # 1-t .. f.I'OV, 'II', n1 "d., If tu r-1 .-:! - f; ' .. f, r.:ar: ..;

   1 f ". ' a ..! j.! it '' # - '1,) / 0 \ \' n 1 j wr'n.¯ sort. f '-' j, 775 ::! f .. t. or. ' 1 r, .ft '(: ldi fltl .Cit i'lr'ls. F'; ('!' 'I ".' ,. J, '(ï-uiv h *.'. .R:", 111 . "1 / 1'1 rd jOli, .t, on tt 11I'nta ui,: ti ti% '; 0t; #: i'l' nt qj'i], 1 il, o.! L'ur ' t # .. 'JI: l'l, r.- froi. i fi' -III 'r - vor, IW.: w {n,:., .siho 1 0 / .; i "ij .h 1 1- jj A tn fi .. 111:. ". Jx '. 1' Il.UIlt.I, Il1. L <ir <l <# r'int ructur. Li i. 1.v.1.



  L'tttjtur '.:, J 0j-',, 1.1., 1 #: '/ #>: 1>:' L. 1 /: '"lill' rI l'roÍ <1i d <1 '; -, fOr <##> :. l'J'A'. I ''. ###!), Nto <" q,] , .l, ..:: \ "t. L IJ u.ontr, I: t.



  1 '\ 1.j (' l'tJ, 'r'l "1 ..' I",. ',, 1. J .. L, t.' "L 1,1l / '..: ol, t "111.1 '.' ,. 1 the of '1 ..



  1 ',; 1'1':;. L.oI 'I' l.t. r '' ..t :.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 53>

 
 EMI53.1
 



  The cooled metal wire in a classic style. if present.- a breaking strength of 4134.9 kg / cm2 and a drop of 65.1 percent, the results of the controlled cooled wire rod were 4457, kg / cm2 and 65.9 percent respectively- is lying .



     It can be seen from the photographs that the conventionally cooled wire rod has a ferrite structure in the form of bando with
 EMI53.2
 porlito integrated! 1.nulr.dre. The structure of the samples cooled in a controlled fashion comparat ivomtmt 'finer and shows much less banding with slightly acicular ferrite and pearlite.
 EMI53.3
 inte; rzrflnul :: Üre :. The battituros of conventionally cooled wire rod are much thicker
 EMI53.4
 and adhere much more i'errm, ') m / 7'nt
Figure 14 shows typical cooling curves :; resulting from the different treatments
 EMI53.5
 dut fila t. (, chiflul: 3 li; UÜ: nJo.

   It can be seen that the slightly regulated coolant of the invention is not contons' the curved% given: r the horn, to the lead which this theoretical acavz, Ejlis qW. nevertheless '5caurc une trnflfarmtio Gensibicm.nt coiaplfetu de l'mi8tdnlt <.' before qa4 1 ;. tempraturu of the machiMI wire has fallen,. Lü-d \: 6S0UD of cella of the coudj of the internal curve of the zei dingramme (point X). The spread represented for the
 EMI53.6
 curve dOnTl6v by. 'The normal rfridia8t..unt resulted from the fact that: 1f "wire rod and placed under forint of rou- 1 (1, t; ndin that it is at a tompératuro greater than 760 C approximately and that the mass of the constrained roller
 EMI53.7
 Icf strands rt, .rnes, cool more slowly.

   Cool

 <Desc / Clms Page number 54>

 causes an unacceptable variation in properties.


    

Claims (1)

These variations must be eliminated or suppressed by air or lead quenching to make the wire rod acceptable. wire drawing view * - SUMMARY - A) - Process of laminated wire rod treatment EMI54.1 hot i1llI116diú.tcfilcnt after a wire rod rolling mill, 'process characterized by the following points will separate or in combinations 1) Machine wires are deposited in the form of non-concentric turns on a conveyor and the turns are subjected to the separated state and which move EMI54.2 on the conveyor h a regulated cooling adjusted with respect to the exposure time ot vîtoosos flow of flask fright that the allotropic transformation, which gives rise to the frost, begins at a t ':.: ffipÚÜu.r..t pral'lbl <.t: 1'nt chosen ot so for- 1; -1UiVe ju :::, that at ... chvml..nt a vi tUf3SO prjalablcmcnt chooses:) the t <.- pÓratü.r1. : and the vitocob being I.'lpp1 "opdâos to the quality of 11 steel or imtrt f.! (. to.l or alloy we run d trnl4,; tnunt to give a desired microotructur4 uniforménivnt in file machines. 2) One represses a mllifu of the'yfro1diast: tncnt cnt'i "O le3 ppirec in a continuous way in an increase of pO:.: JitlCUt5 fixos dj 'c4çor & q ...... all r par - ti (: 1 dcr turns are cooled s, nsibltjment \ the KÎ2S.1 vitcseo for an allotropic trcnc'foï'cation to occur. the set feedback4fmtn includes a pre. <Desc / Clms Page number 55> EMI55.1 aiî? ru prio'Ï dt. 'l (". :: IP :; run from which the spins; not x.xa3.::.t; only by).' f1YOf4H.:!4Cnt lives an iSßt'Otir :. '.Y" Odc nW 'c.7 :, I tu cours de which ##' # * L: J 5! .ir - .: 3 cone zw.rrai, die 4ixu, fazmywzzt we ekou4tt- tun k d-.î 'nfrlicttlona sucaeasv4a from a middle of. rd'ro: ldi:; 1 ...;.;. nt until the allotropic transformation of this (milk produced. EMI55.2 4) To cool hot rolled wire rod EMI55.3 leaving I! i last cazu of a 4 wire luinoir r4achinQe we dc,; oOs' the wire rod a succession, from the spip not c01'lc \, ntri'lu (../ 3 for a conveyor, we push back a râ4nt of gas cooling in the form of a vertical and transverse cois- rnnt on a surface 3, .. m.te; but mobile of each turn of a series of turns k "." # recouvrRnt m. =: ur4 that ' they advance along that i, rnp JportC: \ 1.1't .'l;, 'n: rit.-: r (JfX'QidhtJEl!: ln.1.I being afifàl * que d ';: b4rt? lu part r-ddinne of the monant part of each turn ct t HO moving progressively towards its sides, then towards l1 back to 'rtiel3 médise nuo de' uit;:, we redirect the agent of rof! 'oi \ 1isfh) IIHmt.' which is Qcoulv h through the center of the course the.'tI "sv ralemcnt in the two directions so that it passes on the prirtle-u ln.t :: rt1.11.J8 of the spire, the agent cold 1'P'Ir rLb'1ttu or repeat ';; both cont3iaint 4v mix and be added to the cooling agent applied vürtic: Ù0m: ht on the sides <5s ofE3 turns so that all parts of each of the non-concentric turns!: obil; .s are cooled appreciably at the mr.h .; Vit.'S8 \: that 1 hour '1l1otrQ- pique transformation occurs. <Desc / Clms Page number 56> EMI56.1 5) We post; the wire.: Cll.xf, e.11 un Huccça ... aion do non -, orc, ntriqur.7e turns on a conveyor while- 1-s tl z.-p ± rT: tu.rc t'3t Dup ': rhul "', In topér.tur. Which 1 allotropic tr'zr3tarrNtiaz can com!.: ... ne or, we make r '!. 3 ::; t.:r lto ettr an auc- cc-ctîlott du fvnt.:8 tr.iniîvcreiv.3, on rt..fou.1u ", n, .i11uï.i. ,; Ga.u: 'trnv rn L. Annuities to cool the apirt * 3 du fit cachino i r., - 2urv that (: 110.:$ place beyond ..: CIJU6 of them, 1'- volur ...; de l'r;, rt du rufroidicsumcnt repressed corrf.rj .. '102 spiroa l'lorA. cC'tYlcntriqu.i;: 6 <! tant a., n- ral'.t. nt proportional to the r.tc.3a of the fila machinus dicrOt.8 {: on a, surf urit ec- (1 "'8 oxivurturoe trr.nr- vc: r" ticr so that everything,' D le ;; parts of each of the turns; have cooled rapidly and at a uniforac uno vi- tusne so that an allotropic trllnf.Jt'o1'l! ration puiece is produced. 3 we have a greater volume of air on the side of the turns and a smaller and smaller volume of air on the part. a.'s -, pir ,, 3 closest to -J3 of the CI; ntr ,; of the conveyor and we assemble ulti- ... uro D (;; J1t lca turns in the form of a roll of the thread EMI56.2 machina. EMI56.3 7) The turns, after having removed 6 d6poaeas on EMI56.4 carrier, can cool by radiation EMI56.5 in still air for a chosen period of time; -, before r1! * be soun; lsea au, jet of cooling air EMI56.6 dement. EMI56.7 8) The coils of the machine wire are subjected to the time they are separated and while they are moving on the 1. conveyor to a controlled cooling. <Desc / Clms Page number 57> so that the allotropic transformation, which accompanies cooling, begins at a temperature higher than the threshold of the. transformation curve and be completed at a corresponding temperature EMI57.1 at the elbow or a slight upper bend around the curve of the transformation, EMI57.2 9) A steel having a carbon tuning of 0.20 to 0.70% is formed from 6 hot-rolled wire rods and said cooling gives a microstructure consisting of fine-grained pearliter interposed with ferrite. fine grain. 10) The wire rod turns are subjected while they are separated and are moving EMI57.3 on the t rrtnSpol'twur at a rufroidjasemcnt set in two st.'rL..I3, lu 'prl: l': 1i (;; r stdc corprunant a cool- u-pif ,, nt in the quiet air * laying a period of time chosen and the second std cociprumnt a succession of zones due to cooling so that the transformation #atian t.llotroj1Íqu ", which nccoap.i 3no 1 cools, laughs, sleeps :. . a reicrostructure comprising. par- lit,: \ gr-iin f.TOd! 1i ,, 1 'ir.t ... rC <11éo with ferrite Il k, 1: "dn gro8131 {'. 1) L ",, r.;: Fss: ri ':: ai. I.vl'x allotropic, which ac- co: rr: l ;;: n ... le r ..:; coldi; 8r. .l.lnt, starts at. a temperature df- 538cC or higher ut is 'tchc.v 1: 1. <at a tcmprntur! J which ofi;, = *':.: ut curve conditions. transfer mi, tion for this f..cilr p: tX'tic.u1i <Jr. B) - Moyt ... r: to cool a thread r :: mcb.ino tied â ".çh4 ii apriet; that he left the half-etu c'a f'un # <Desc / Clms Page number 58> EMI58.1 wire rod rolling mill, medium crct0ric6 by los EMI58.2 following tips separately or in combinations: EMI58.3 1 j It comprises a conveyor, a pO3 head, u for depositing the mch1nc wire on the conveyor in the form of W. successive non-concentric turns, a ring to form a succession of zones of ta- EMI58.4 EMI58.5 cooling through which the turns are ... entered by the conveyor so that ... the wire rod turns are cooled at a speed EMI58.6 so that an allotropic transformation can EMI58.7 knew how to produce. EMI58.8 2) It includes another way to start again EMI58.9 , the middle of the cooling according to the t6pp.r- mass of the metal to be cooled in such a way that all the parts of each turn are cooled uniformly, with one glass, so that the transformation will take place. tropi q1H p1,1.iG \? s; produce. 3) The other way ùostin0 h rrbattro or rudl- ri; ... r '. ^. Tp.nt d .. rLrroidi, soctrac.nt eooprond a hood if * tu!' 1.'J.-d \ Js : 3uO du tr "U1sJ ortl.'ur dt. ^ -Çon come to the content di- agent 0 ..., rufrai, d3.ns4rtrcnt, the sides of the cī pot being v.'ri. iC'l1t ::: Jd1t copiers $ .. & cote <5s du tr: xta, or their for quv1 lt 1> ednt. r:.: coldisliIl.fw;: 1: 1t; which B. ': passed on the t1pir ... D ut who cooled them, be evacuated 1 '), 1; Ú.'Üu'.cnt p! 1r r'lpport ru tr .... n: rort {: ur. 4) The conveyor cospr'.nd unc series do pia- te '. or support rails f1xa ut dt-o ch! nt6 mobile:. 'G7iiav: Û 1.4: r'.rriW¯r.SG il.i.7 61t4d'), t .., v-jnnjot .i'b ri vi: y with the; nichinv thread. ?) 1: 4V iIIIO'y; @: 6gt! Ni "'1o / jlkt'"; i6i- <Desc / Clms Page number 59> EMI59.1 coldigst.mfnt 4rnvurs les, non-concentric turns in one, succession 'lu positions includes m ventilated tower, un- ch.bro of the blowing associated with the tr $ pi' ... tor, wi- succession of openings made through ,, uno wall d <, li ohraabrt; of blowing, the surface tu tilv, cw.i3 Ouvvrtuxvo nu-dusssms dooquçllos pass the? non-concentric turns per unit of the width being uR.ibIt.mnt proportional to the total tm-ssj of the m * nl - p: ..: n, t u-: iu:.; us from it so that all the spi- * 'r, .c voi-nt cooled substantially at the 4th speed and a! 3oy \ .n is provided for assobicr lce turns nt,'. concentric cooled Hn one roll after they have read the conveyor, 6) I; The laminated Ei'T.chiBms 6n nci <r yarns are placed on 1 tranuportvur at uno tGmprrtture à la ';; . ,. which ll, * ,. c: tùr out ncnaibicac-nt ontiàremont to the state; .; us; .n.f; .riuc and: we regulate 1 & maoiquo gas flow rate 4th cooldown'semcnt nppAiqud 10'j.onc; du trénopo'jHeu ** "" 6feiī "vant 1m v, t,; ss4 d4 r,.! coldissom.:nt by the 4iagraBmu? #). v, '' 'of isothvrmic tr-information of the8 son of ccior .a.fxlt, for f..s2ur, r an allotropic transformation sena.ri., complete Kicnt of the austcnito nvrnt that the. teopér5, tU3% "'> \; >, ', # tomb; j to ctllv corresponding to the bend of the diagrMttae dt; to, ïfjothcrmiquc4 - 1 *! f: - Wire rod in c3.ex come from rolling Fea, .- .. ted suitable for drawing, macliino wire as, r.a ;. . tûriou for the following points separately or in combination: 1) It has a compressed carbon content of 0.01 ut 0.9 per cuM un weight, wm mLcrostrue-. <Desc / Clms Page number 60> EMI60.1 Faro of fine grain U.11ii'qér :: nt dispersed, a tensile strength greater than 3% at the corners than that of an iron-hardened wire rod obtained EMI60.2 ) i, from miaic ch 1r1) and a necking. upper d 6 Oà at least glue wire rod * t, rc: cp l''11r at basal do rListr.cc. lfi tr '-. ction following the. md ASIl method !. 2) The 0.40 weight Dup6ri0ur carbon core consisted of fine pearlite grains with very slight traces of ferrite caulking at the grain boundary, EMI60.3 3) The 1 carbon content is it1f.5ricurù h 0.40 percent and the microstructure includes a gan- EMI60.4 Cue by P.rritt. and carbide. 4) Said wire rod has friab.Lc.'3 and crfqucl0os bnttitur * s rising at a rate of 1% by weight. EMI60.5 5) It presents a 0tnlecnt of lr resistance: traction of less than 700 kg / ccl2 and a striction vl \ rilltion less than + 10% around the mean, 6) The wire rod is obtained by depositing the wire leaving a wire rod rolling mill at a temperature of at least 704 C, in the form of successive non-concentric turns on a conveyor and by applying a cooling gas thereto. over the length and the width of the conveyor, the proportion of the cooling gas applied to the drawer of the conveyor being directly proportional to the mass flow rate of the coils not concentric over the width, mass flow EMI60.6 rcf ^ oWiicssernnt gas applied along the length <Desc / Clms Page number 61> EMI61.1 v - - .. 0: ..- '...... tf \ nt. f3USGPtibO 'to cause a speed dQ, :: r'7';:, <:. <of issemont g, 7trantipei ,, int a sensitive transformation.- ##%. '#, complete rise of the aueténltu p. before the.'tompÓ1 "dtur: 'has fallen to the Doss6uo * ûo the temperature TQTpr &' & èïàk'-ééJ * ': by the coudo do the internal curve of the diagram' â '"'; ',;.': # trisfonntioï ) 'isothormlque for this q \ W.li t4', ', d! tic!. ;, .. pl1rticuliero. ' , /,: "\: -" ', ".> -:, 7) We clean the machino wire, mali3 1je', ';" .., -.>' ± # ', ",.."' " x ..- '' G5p ", 00 = and p" .a 'to one, tra1tt: Thermal IDent t2 "rL'Ilil'C,:;' -. 'v,'" û '8) It' presents, a diameter 40wß7. ",. â, Yl '' 't.¯''s - .. e:,. ..- '\. -? o-. :.;:,!: ': ...- :. t ..., and 1,.' 25 'mm, a t (;):'}. (;} 1! in carbon appmpriee â # z ' a;, l # ,.; and 0.90 percent by weight, the battitur-es'éàzt., tbea ". which and exeraptes of iron and magnetite in the EMI61.2 wustite area.