BE565763A - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
BE565763A
BE565763A BE565763DA BE565763A BE 565763 A BE565763 A BE 565763A BE 565763D A BE565763D A BE 565763DA BE 565763 A BE565763 A BE 565763A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
chamber
tube
electrode
thermoplastic
molding chamber
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
French (fr)
Publication of BE565763A publication Critical patent/BE565763A/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D23/00Producing tubular articles
    • B29D23/001Pipes; Pipe joints
    • B29D23/003Pipe joints, e.g. straight joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/02Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
    • B29B13/023Half-products, e.g. films, plates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/12Dielectric heating
    • B29C35/14Dielectric heating for articles of indefinite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C57/00Shaping of tube ends, e.g. flanging, belling or closing; Apparatus therefor, e.g. collapsible mandrels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5224Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52241Joining tubular articles for forming fork-shaped connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63Internally supporting the article during joining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/12Dielectric heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81262Electrical and dielectric properties, e.g. electrical conductivity
    • B29C66/81263Dielectric properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

       

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 



   La présente invention concerne un procédé de transfor- mation d'objets en matière thermoplastique, par chauffage à l'aide de champs électriques alternatifs à haute fréquence. 



   Pour conformer et transformer des objets en matières   therriodlastiques,   particulièrement en matières synthétiques   thermoplastiques,   il est connu d'utiliser un chauffage à l'aide de champs électriques à haute   fréouence,     dénommé   chauffage di- . électrique. Le chauffage à l'aide de champs électriques à haute fréquence, a l'avantage d'être extrîmement rapide et tout-à-fait régulier, grâce aux pertes d'énergie se produisant dans la. matière 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 thermoplastique elle-même. Cela a pour conséquence une réparti- tion de la température beaucoup plus régulière dans l'objet à conformer ou à transformer, que celle qu'on peut obtenir en chauffant la matière de l'extérieur.

   On peut de ce fait admettre une température moyenne plus grande dans la partie à transformer de l'objet, de sorte qu'on évite l'apparition de tensions mécani- ques intérieures dans la matière. 



   La présente invention vise à procurer un procédé du type décrit ci-dessus,mais améliorée et particulièrement en ce qui concerne l'assemblage d'un objet fait de différentes parties et l'ajoute de parties spéciales à des objets. 



   Suivant l'invention l'objet à transformer, ou une partie de celui-ci, est introduit dans une chambre dont là forme corres- pond à celle que doit acquérir l'objet, ou une partie de celui- ci, après la transformation, chambre dans laquelle le champ électrique alternatif à haute fréquence est entretenu avec l'in- tensité suffisante, et 1.1-objet partiellement ramolli est pressé, par une force agissant sur la partie non ramollie, dans la chambre de moulage jusqu'à ce que cette dernière soit complètement remplie par la matière thermoplastique, après quoi le champ électrique alternatif est interrompu et l'objet transformé, complètement re- froidi,est enlevé de la chambre de moulage.

   Ce mode de transforma- tion a l'avantage qu'à l'extérieur de la chambre de moulage, la. matière thermoplastique n'est pas chauffée, de sorte que pendant la transformation une force peut être exercée sur la partie non transformée sans que pour autant il puisse y avoir transformation de l'objet en dehors de la   chambre   de moulage. 



   Etant donné qu'avec ce procédé les parois de la chambre de moulage ne sont pas chauffées elles-mêmes et qu'elles absorbent très peu de chaleur de la partie transformée de l'objet pendant le processus de chauffage se déroulant en général très rapidement, ces parois peuvent être faites en une matière ne résistant pas aux fautes températures. 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 3> 

 



   De telles matières sont généralement plus économiques à travailler que celles qui résistent à de hautes températures. 



  Ceci vaut'également pour la matière qu'isole entre eux les élé- ments servant d'électrodes pour le chauffage diélectrique du moule et qui constituent eux-mêmes une partie de la paroi de la chambre de moulage. 



   Dans la fabrication d'objets composites suivant la présente invention, la partie de l'objet à transformer introduite dans la chambre de moulage et ramollie sous l'effet du champ électrique alternatif entretenu dans cette   chambre,   est mise en contact, dans la chambre fermée., avec   un   ou plusieurs objets en matière thermoplastique, de manière qu'après le chauffage les objets adhèrent entre eux. De cette manière, on obtient beaucoup plus rapidement que jusqu'ici des objets composites par adhérence l'un à l'autre d'objets à assembler. 



   L'invention sera décrite plus en   détail   ci-après avec référence au dessin annexé montrant, à titre d'exemple, deux formes de réalisation du procédé et des dispositifs pour sa mise en oeuvre. 



   La fig. 1 est une coupe verticale d'un moule dans lequel      sont placés deux tronçons de tubes en matière thermoplastique synthétique utilisés pour la fabrication d'éléments en T. 



   La fig. 2 est une coupe perpendiculaire au plan de la coupe de la fig. 1 suivant la ligne 11-11. 



   La fige 3 montre également en coupe verticale un moule pour former une collerette à un tube en matière synthétique thermo- plastique. 



   Dans la forme de réalisation montrée sur les figs. 1 et 2, un tronçon de tube cylindrique 1 en matière synthétique thermoplasti- que, est placé dans la partie inférieure 2 du moule, faite en une matière électriquement isolante, ce moule étant à son tour consti- tué par'trois parties métalliques 3, 4 et 5. La face inférieure 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 4> 

 de la partie 3 présente un   vidèrent   semi-cylindrique qui se rac- corde à ses deux extrémités à la surface extérieure du tronçon de tube 1. Entre ces deux points, l'évidement est plus profond sur une partie de la périphérie du tube   1,   pour des raisons exposées plus loin.

   La partie 3 du moule présente encore   une'ouverture   cylindrique verticale 6, dans   laauelle   un deuxième tronçon de tube 7 en matière synthétique   thermoplastioue   est placé sensible- ment suivant l'axe médian du tube 1. Dans ce tube 7 se trouve la partie de   moule 4.,   déjà citée, dont la surface latérale est une surface cylindrique dont l'axe médian est sensiblement le même que celui du tube   7,   tandis que la surface inférieure de cette partie de moule est formée par une partie de la surface cylindrique qui correspond sensiblement à la partie correspon- dante de la paroi extérieure du tube 1. La partie de moule 5 est un cylindre à axe médian sensiblement égal à l'axe médian inté- rieur du tube 1. 



   Les parties de moule 3, 4 et 5,isolées entre elles lorsque les tubes 1 et 7 sont en place, constituent les électrodes auxquelles est amenée la tension alternative à haute fréquence qui engendre le champ électrostatique pour le chauffage diélectrique. 



   Au-dessus du tronçon de tube 7 est placée une   calotte 8   servant à exercer une pression sur ce tube. 



   Pour former un élément en T à partir de tronçons de tubes 1 et 7 en matière synthétique thermoplastique, on procède comme   suit :   
Après avoir placé le tronçon de tube 1 dans l'évidement semi-cylindrique de la partie de moule inférieure 2 faite en matière isolante (fig.   2),-on   coiffe cette partie de la partie de moule métallique 3 que l'on centre par rapport à la partie 2 par des moyens connus. On glisse ensuite la partie de moule métallique .5 dans le tronçon de tube 1 jusqu'à ce que ses extrémités soient exactement en regard des parties plus profondes 9 de l'évidement 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 5> 

 semi-cylindrique dans la partie de moule 3.

   Puis on glisse le tronçon de tube 7 dans l'ouverture verticale 6 de la partie de moule 3, et on place la partie 4 dans le tube ? de manière que l'axe de la surface cylindrique inférieure coïncide avec celui du tronçon de tube 1 (fig. 1).Enfin, on place la calotte 8 sur l'extrémité supérieure du tronçon de tube 7. 



   Il faut veiller à ce que pendant . que la pression est exercée sur la calotte 8, la partie de moule 4 ne puisse être refoulée vers le haut. On peut, à cet effet, utiliser plusieurs moyens connus, par exemple un ressort à boudin placé entre les parties   4   et 8, ou une tige qui, traversant la calotte 8, relie la partie 4 à un point fixe.,.situé à l'extérieur du tronçon de tube 7. 



   On-raccorde ensuite les électrodes   3;   4 et 5 à une tension alternative à haute fréquence, ce qui a pour effet que les parties des tubes 1 et 7 en matière synthétique thermoplasti- que se trouvant entre ces électrodes, sont ramollies par la chaleur   perd.ue   ainsi engendrée. Par contre, les parties de ces tubes qui ne se trouvent pas entre les parties en regard des électrodes 3, 4 et 5   restent froides.   On peut, de ce fait, exercer une pression à l'aide de la partie du tube   '7   qui fait saillie de la partie de moule   3,   sur la partie molle du tube entre les électrodes 3, 4 et 5. Cela a pour effet que toute la chambre de moulage se remplit de matière thermoplastique et que les tronçons de tube 1 et   '7   adhèrent l'un à l'autre. 



   Après que la tension alternative à haute fréquence a été interrompue et que l'élément en 1' est refroidi., il peut être retiré du moule. Il suffit alors d'enlever la paroi tubulaire du tube 1 à l'intérieur de l'extrémité du tube. soudé 7, et l'élément en T est terminé. 



   Pour former une collerette à un tube 10 en matière synthétique   thermoplastique'..   on utilise le moule montré sur la 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 6> 

 figure 3. Ce moule est constitué par deux parties métalliques 11 et 12 et un anneau électriquement isolant 13 qui maintient à l'écartement exact voulu les parties 11 et 12 et les isole l'une de l'autre. 



   Lorsque l'extrémité à droite du tronçon de tube 10 a été placée dans l'extrémité supérieure de la chambre de moulage s'évasant vers le bas, entre les parties 11, 12 et 13, ce tube ne pénètre d'abord que peu dans cette chambre. Dès que les élec- trodes 11 et 12 ont été mises sous une tension alternative à haute,,fréquence la partié du tube 10 se trouvant entre ces élec- trodes se ramollit rapidement de sorte que si l'on exerce une pression sur la calotte 8 à l'extrémité supérieure du tube, celui-ci pénètre plus loin dans la chambre de moulage qui finit par se remplir entièrement de mitière molle et le tube est ainsi pourvu d'une collerette.

   Après interruption de la tension al- ternative à haute fréquence et refroidissement de la matière, on enlève la calotte 8 et la partie de moule 12 peut être enlevée le long du tube 10, et la collerette formée peut se détacher de la partie de moule 11. 

**ATTENTION** fin du champ DESC peut contenir debut de CLMS **.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 



   The present invention relates to a process for transforming objects made of thermoplastic material by heating with the aid of alternating high frequency electric fields.



   To shape and transform objects made of thermoplastic materials, particularly thermoplastic plastics, it is known practice to use heating using high-frequency electric fields, referred to as di- heating. electric. Heating with the aid of high frequency electric fields has the advantage of being extremely fast and quite regular, thanks to the energy losses occurring in the. matter

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 thermoplastic itself. This results in a much more regular temperature distribution in the object to be shaped or transformed than that which can be obtained by heating the material from the outside.

   It is therefore possible to admit a higher average temperature in the part to be transformed of the object, so that the appearance of internal mechanical tensions in the material is avoided.



   The present invention aims to provide a method of the type described above, but improved and particularly with regard to assembling an object made of different parts and adding special parts to objects.



   According to the invention, the object to be transformed, or a part of it, is introduced into a chamber, the shape of which corresponds to that which the object, or part of it, must acquire after the transformation, chamber in which the high-frequency alternating electric field is maintained with sufficient intensity, and 1.1-partially softened object is pressed, by a force acting on the un-softened part, into the molding chamber until this the latter is completely filled with the thermoplastic material, after which the alternating electric field is interrupted and the transformed object, completely cooled, is removed from the molding chamber.

   This method of transformation has the advantage that outside the molding chamber, 1a. thermoplastic material is not heated, so that during processing a force can be exerted on the unprocessed part without there being any transformation of the object outside the molding chamber.



   Since with this process the walls of the molding chamber are not heated themselves and absorb very little heat from the processed part of the object during the heating process which usually takes place very quickly, these walls can be made of a material not resistant to temperature faults.

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   Such materials are generally more economical to process than those which withstand high temperatures.



  This also applies to the material which is isolated from each other by the elements serving as electrodes for the dielectric heating of the mold and which themselves constitute a part of the wall of the molding chamber.



   In the manufacture of composite articles according to the present invention, the part of the object to be transformed introduced into the molding chamber and softened under the effect of the alternating electric field maintained in this chamber, is brought into contact, in the closed chamber ., with one or more objects of thermoplastic material, so that after heating the objects adhere to each other. In this way, one obtains much more quickly than hitherto composite objects by adhesion to each other of objects to be assembled.



   The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the appended drawing showing, by way of example, two embodiments of the method and devices for its implementation.



   Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a mold in which are placed two sections of synthetic thermoplastic material tubes used for the manufacture of T-elements.



   Fig. 2 is a section perpendicular to the plane of the section of FIG. 1 along line 11-11.



   Figure 3 also shows in vertical section a mold for forming a collar for a tube of thermoplastic synthetic material.



   In the embodiment shown in figs. 1 and 2, a section of cylindrical tube 1 of thermoplastic synthetic material, is placed in the lower part 2 of the mold, made of an electrically insulating material, this mold being in turn made up of three metal parts 3, 4 and 5. The underside

 <Desc / Clms Page number 4>

 of part 3 presents a semi-cylindrical emptying which is connected at its two ends to the outer surface of the tube section 1. Between these two points, the recess is deeper on a part of the periphery of the tube 1, for reasons explained below.

   Part 3 of the mold also has a vertical cylindrical opening 6, in which a second section of tube 7 of thermoplastic synthetic material is placed substantially along the median axis of tube 1. In this tube 7 is located the mold part. 4., already cited, whose side surface is a cylindrical surface whose median axis is substantially the same as that of the tube 7, while the lower surface of this mold part is formed by a part of the cylindrical surface which corresponds substantially to the corresponding part of the outer wall of the tube 1. The mold part 5 is a cylinder with a median axis substantially equal to the inner median axis of the tube 1.



   The mold parts 3, 4 and 5, insulated from one another when the tubes 1 and 7 are in place, constitute the electrodes to which the high-frequency alternating voltage is supplied which generates the electrostatic field for the dielectric heating.



   Above the tube section 7 is placed a cap 8 serving to exert pressure on this tube.



   To form a T-member from pipe sections 1 and 7 in thermoplastic synthetic material, the procedure is as follows:
After placing the tube section 1 in the semi-cylindrical recess of the lower mold part 2 made of insulating material (fig. 2), - this part of the metal mold part 3 is capped and centered by compared to part 2 by known means. The metal mold part .5 is then slid into the tube section 1 until its ends are exactly opposite the deeper parts 9 of the recess.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 semi-cylindrical in mold part 3.

   Then we slide the tube section 7 into the vertical opening 6 of the mold part 3, and we place the part 4 in the tube? so that the axis of the lower cylindrical surface coincides with that of the tube section 1 (fig. 1). Finally, the cap 8 is placed on the upper end of the tube section 7.



   Care must be taken that during. that the pressure is exerted on the cap 8, the mold part 4 cannot be pushed upwards. Several known means can be used for this purpose, for example a coil spring placed between the parts 4 and 8, or a rod which, passing through the cap 8, connects the part 4 to a fixed point. 'outside of the tube section 7.



   The electrodes 3 are then connected; 4 and 5 at a high frequency alternating voltage, which has the effect that the parts of the thermoplastic synthetic material tubes 1 and 7 lying between these electrodes are softened by the waste heat thus generated. On the other hand, the parts of these tubes which are not located between the parts facing the electrodes 3, 4 and 5 remain cold. It is therefore possible to exert a pressure by means of the part of the tube '7 which protrudes from the mold part 3, on the soft part of the tube between the electrodes 3, 4 and 5. This has the effect that the entire molding chamber is filled with thermoplastic material and that the tube sections 1 and '7 adhere to each other.



   After the high frequency AC voltage has been interrupted and the element at 1 'has cooled, it can be removed from the mold. It is then sufficient to remove the tubular wall of the tube 1 inside the end of the tube. welded 7, and the T-piece is finished.



   To form a flange to a thermoplastic synthetic material tube 10, the mold shown on figure is used.

 <Desc / Clms Page number 6>

 Figure 3. This mold consists of two metal parts 11 and 12 and an electrically insulating ring 13 which keeps the parts 11 and 12 at the exact spacing required and insulates them from one another.



   When the end to the right of the tube section 10 has been placed in the upper end of the molding chamber widening downwards, between the parts 11, 12 and 13, this tube first penetrates only slightly in the first place. this room. As soon as the electrodes 11 and 12 have been put under a high frequency alternating voltage, the part of the tube 10 between these electrodes quickly softens so that if pressure is exerted on the cap 8 at the upper end of the tube, the latter penetrates further into the molding chamber which ends up being completely filled with soft mitt and the tube is thus provided with a collar.

   After interrupting the alternating high frequency voltage and cooling the material, the cap 8 is removed and the mold part 12 can be removed along the tube 10, and the formed collar can be detached from the mold part 11. .

** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.


    

Claims (1)

Il est évident que l'exécution du procédé et la réalisa- tion du dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre, peuvent être modifiées de nombreuses façons sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de transformation d'objets en matière synthétique thermoplastique, par chauffage à l'aide de champs électriques alternatifs à haute fréquence, dans lequel l'objet ou une partie de celui-ci se ramollit sous l'effet de l'énergie transformée en chaleur qui est absorbée du champ électrique par l'objet, caractérisé en ce que l'objet à transformer, ou une par- tie de celui-ci, est introduit dans une chambre dont la forme cor- respond à celle que l'objet ou une partie de celui-ci doit pré- <Desc/Clms Page number 7> senter après transformation, It is obvious that the execution of the method and the realization of the device for its implementation can be modified in many ways without departing from the scope of the present invention. CLAIMS 1. Process for transforming objects in thermoplastic synthetic material, by heating with the aid of alternating high-frequency electric fields, in which the object or a part of it softens under the effect of the transformed energy into heat which is absorbed from the electric field by the object, characterized in that the object to be transformed, or a part of it, is introduced into a chamber the shape of which corresponds to that which the object or part of it must pre- <Desc / Clms Page number 7> feel after transformation, chambre dans laquelle le champ élec- trique alternatif à haute fréquence est entretenu avec l'intensité nécessaire, et en ce qu'une pression exercée sur la partie non ramollie de l'objet fait pénétrer la partie ramollie dans la chambre de moulage jusqu'à la remplir complètement de matière synthétique thermoplastique, puis le champ électrique alternatif ayant été interrompu, l'objet est retiré de la chambre de moulage lorsqu'il est complètement refroidi. chamber in which the high-frequency alternating electric field is maintained with the necessary intensity, and in that a pressure exerted on the un-softened part of the article causes the softened part to penetrate into the molding chamber until filling it completely with thermoplastic synthetic material, then the alternating electric field having been interrupted, the object is removed from the molding chamber when it is completely cooled. 2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie de l'objet à transformer qui est introduite dans la chambre de moulage et soumise au champ électrique alterna- tif entretenu dans cette chambre, se ramollit et cette chambre, alors fermée, est mise en contact avec un ou plusieurs objets en matière synthétique thermoplastique, de façon qu'après le chauf- fage les objets adhèrent entre eux. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the object to be transformed which is introduced into the molding chamber and subjected to the alternating electric field maintained in this chamber, softens and this chamber, then closed, is brought into contact with one or more objects of thermoplastic synthetic material, so that after heating the objects adhere to each other. 3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on introduit dans la chambre de moulage un tronçon de tube en matière thermoplastique qui est soudé à un second tronçon de tube en matière thermoplastique se trouvant dans la chambre, et s'étendant en substance transversalement au premier. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that introduced into the molding chamber a section of thermoplastic tube which is welded to a second section of thermoplastic tube located in the chamber, and extending in substance transversely to the first. 4. Dispositif pour munir de collerettes des tubes en matière thermoplastique par le procédé suivant les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente une ouverture pour l'in- troduction d'un tube à transformer dans une chambre de moulage fermée de toutes parts, cette ouverture ayant une forme telle que le tube non encore transformé puisse y passer, et les surfaces limites de cette chambre qui correspondent à la surface intérieure, respectivement extérieure de la collerette, sont constituées par deux électrodes coaxiales qui engendrent le champ alternatif dans la chambre de moulage, et la surface limite qui correspond au bord de la collerette est constituée par une matière isolante qui, de préférence, présente de faibles pertes diélectriques. <Desc/Clms Page number 8> 4. Device for providing thermoplastic tubes with flanges by the process according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has an opening for the introduction of a tube to be transformed into a closed molding chamber. on all sides, this opening having a shape such that the tube not yet transformed can pass through it, and the boundary surfaces of this chamber which correspond to the interior surface, respectively exterior of the collar, are formed by two coaxial electrodes which generate the alternating field in the molding chamber, and the boundary surface which corresponds to the edge of the flange consists of an insulating material which, preferably, exhibits low dielectric losses. <Desc / Clms Page number 8> 5. Dispositif pour la fabrication d'éléments en T à partir de tubes en matière thermoplastique par le procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce cue la chambre de moulage est limitée : a) par la surface intérieure en substance cylindrique d'une électrode creuse métallique, par laquelle le premier tronçon de tube peut être introduit dans la chambre; b) par un corps isolant ayant de préférence de faibles pertes diélectriques et pourvu d'un Avidement cylindrique dont @ l'axe est en substance transversal à celui de la surface inté- rieure cylindrique mentionnée sous a); 5. Device for the manufacture of T-elements from thermoplastic tubes by the process according to claim 3, characterized in that the molding chamber is limited: a) by the substantially cylindrical inner surface of an electrode metal hollow, through which the first section of tube can be introduced into the chamber; b) by an insulating body having preferably low dielectric losses and provided with a cylindrical recess whose axis is substantially transverse to that of the cylindrical inner surface mentioned under a); c) par un cylindre métallique, 'constituant une seconde électrode et coaxiale à l'évidement dans le corps mentionné sous b) ce cylindre pouvant être placé à l'endroit du point d'intersection, ou de croisement, de l'axe de l'électrode creuse avec l'axe de l'évidement cylindrique dans le deuxième tronçon de tube à placer dans l'évidement; c) by a metal cylinder, 'constituting a second electrode and coaxial with the recess in the body mentioned under b) this cylinder being able to be placed at the place of the point of intersection, or of crossing, of the axis of the hollow electrode with the axis of the cylindrical recess in the second section of tube to be placed in the recess; d) par un corps métallique, constituant une troisième électrode et limité par deux surfaces cylindriques, à savoir une surface cylindrique coaxiale à l'évidement du corps mentionné sous b), et une surface cylindrique coaxiale à l'électrode creuse mentionnée sous a), ce troisième corps d'électrode se trouvant à l'intérieur de l'électrode nommée en dernier lieu, et la distance entre la surface intérieure nommée et cette électrode, est sensi- blement égale à l'épaisseur de la paroi du premier tronçon de tube cité. d) by a metallic body, constituting a third electrode and limited by two cylindrical surfaces, namely a cylindrical surface coaxial with the recess of the body mentioned under b), and a cylindrical surface coaxial with the hollow electrode mentioned under a), this third electrode body being inside the last named electrode, and the distance between the named inside surface and this electrode, is substantially equal to the wall thickness of the first section of tube cited. 6. Objet constitué par un ou plusieurs tronçons de tubes en matière thermoplastique, fabriqué par le procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3. 6. An article consisting of one or more sections of thermoplastic material tubes, produced by the method according to one of claims 1 to 3.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1178199B (en) * 1961-05-23 1964-09-17 Alfred Kallert Dipl Ing Method for welding hollow parts made of thermoplastic plastics that are inserted into one another
FR2182010A1 (en) * 1972-04-25 1973-12-07 Monsanto Co
FR2562468A1 (en) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-11 Angiomedics Inc METHOD FOR FORMING AND MANUFACTURING A CATHETER WITH TENDER AND DEFORMABLE END AND PRODUCT OBTAINED

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1178199B (en) * 1961-05-23 1964-09-17 Alfred Kallert Dipl Ing Method for welding hollow parts made of thermoplastic plastics that are inserted into one another
FR2182010A1 (en) * 1972-04-25 1973-12-07 Monsanto Co
FR2562468A1 (en) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-11 Angiomedics Inc METHOD FOR FORMING AND MANUFACTURING A CATHETER WITH TENDER AND DEFORMABLE END AND PRODUCT OBTAINED

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