BE531375A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE531375A BE531375A BE531375DA BE531375A BE 531375 A BE531375 A BE 531375A BE 531375D A BE531375D A BE 531375DA BE 531375 A BE531375 A BE 531375A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- sheets
- tube
- layers
- hollow bodies
- plastics
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011528 polyamide (building material) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
- B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
- B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
- B29C48/337—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging at a common location
- B29C48/338—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging at a common location using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Les feuilles en matières thermoplastiques, par exemple à base d'un dérivé de cellulose, de polystyrène, de polyamide, de chlorure de polyvinyle, de polyéthylène ou de carbazol polyvinylique possèdent des pro- priétés différentes. Les feuilles de polyamide, par exemple, absorbent une certaine quantité d'eau et sont perméables à la vapeur d'eau, mais elles sont d'une excellente stabilité aux solvants organiques. Les feuilles de polyéthylène, par contre, sont pratiquement insensibles à l'humidité et ne sont que très peu perméables à la vapeur d'eau, toutefois, à chaud, leshy- drocarbures les font gonfler ou les dissolvent.
Il est connu qu'on peut obtenir des feuilles en souflant des tuyaux ou des tubes à l'état thermoplastique ou en les étirant sur un dispo- sitif d'écartement, puis en les coupant dans le sens de leur longueur. On peut, à partir de matières thermoplastiques, selon le procédé dit de moula- ge par soufflage, également préparer des corps creux, tels que des bouteil- les ou autres objets semblables d'une épaisseur analogue à celle des feuil- les. Le comportement de ces corps creux varie suivant les propriétés indi- quées ci-dessus des matières thermoplastiques utilisées.
Pour donner à ces feuilles en matières plastiques une possibili- té d'application universelle, on peut préparer des feuilles composées, doubles ou triples. On peut, par exemple, réunir des feulies de polyamide avec des feuilles de polyéthylène, en posant entre deux feuilles de polyamide ou sur une feuille de polyamide, une feuille de polyéthylène. Une feuille composée ainsi obtenue, est, toutefois, relativement coûteuse par suite des opérations de doublage ou de triplage supplémentaires, nais elle possède les avantages des deux sortes de matières plastiques. Elle résiste par exemple à tous les solvants organiques et n'est que dans une faible mesure per- méable à la vapeur d'eau.
Pour la préparation de corps creux, selon le procédé de moulage par soufflage, on ne peut toutefois pas appliquer ce mode de travail utilisé pour la préaration des feuilles composées.
Or, on a trouvé qu'on obtient de façon particulièrement simple et rationnelle des corps creux constitués de différentes matières plastiques ou de feuilles combinées, en superposant simultanément les couches en matières plastiques différentes, au moyen de deux ou de plus de deux tuyères disposées concentriquement, puis en assemblant ces couches par soufflage, à l'état thermoplastique.
On peut ainsi obtenir des feuilles composées de différentes couches de matières thermoplastiques présentant une excellente résistance et adhérant bien entre elles. Ce procédé présente, en outre, le grand avantage de permettre également le travail de matières plastiques qui, par suite de leur faible viscosité à l'état fondu ne conviennent pas très bien pour le procédé de moulage par soufflage ou pour le procédé impliquant l'utilisation d'un dispositif d'écartement. Dans le cas de corps creux ou de feuilles composées, obtenues de cette façon, les couches en matières plastiques qui sont fortement visqueuses à l'état fondu peuvent porter des couches de matières plastiques moins visqueuses à l'état fondu.
A titre indicatif, mais nullement limitatif, on a représenté sur les dessins annexés un exemple de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention.
La figure 1 montre à titre d'exemple une tuyère triple pour la fabrication en continu, par le procédé de moulage par soufflage, de tubes ou de feuilles composées, obtenues à partir de ces tubes. Les matières plastiques ramollies ou fondues par voie thermique sont chassées par les vis sans fin 1, 2 et 3 d'une machine d'extrudage, de manière à former en passant par les tuyères annulaires la, 2a et 3a trois tubes concentriques. Ces tubes sont soufflés avec de l'air comprimé ou un autre gaz envoyé par un tube 4. Les tubes sont ainsi élargis en étant encore à l'état plastique et assemblés solidement l'un à l'autre. La paroi du cylindre 5 limite le degré d'élargissement du tube composé.
Ce tube à trois épaisseurs peut ensuite
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
être conduit dans la fente étroite formée par deux cylindres rotatifs, puis être coupé comme d'habitude une ou deux fois dans le sens de la longueur. On obtient ainsi en marche continue des feuilles triples.
Suivant la figure 2, lesmatières plastiques ramollies ou fondues sont refoulées par les pistons 1 et 2 montés dans les cylindres la et 2a pourvus d'un dispositif de chauffage, à travers la tuyère 1b et 2b de sorte qu'il se forme dans un moule ouvert, formé de deux pièces, en forme de bouteille 4, un tube à deux couches. Le tube est maintenu dans une position centrale au moyen d'un poinçon 5. Lorsque, lors de la mise en application du présent procédé, le tube atteint le poinçoin 5, on arrête les pistons 1 et 2. Le moule est alors fermé, après quoi le tube est écrasé au point 6 du fond du moule et est ainsi fermé. Ce tube prend de la sorte la forme d'un cylindre fermé au fond.
On fait ensuite arriver de l'air ou d'autres gaz par le tuyau 7; le tube cylindrique, qui se gonfle, est pressé contre la paroi intérieure du moule 4 et prend ainsi la forme d'une bouteille.
Les pistons 1 et 2 sont revenus pendant ce temps à leur position de départ, tandis que les cylindres la et 2a sont à nouveau remplis de poudre à mouler.
La bouteille est alors séparée à la partie supérieure du goulot du tube qui avance, puis est éjectée du moule qu'on aura entretemps ouvert. On obtient ainsi une bouteille à deux parois, constituées chacune en des matières plastiques différentes.
REVENDICATIONS.
1. Procédé de production de corps creux formés de couches de ma- tiéres thermoplastiques différentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on superpose simultanément les diverses couches constituées de matières plastiques différentes, au moyen de deux ou de plus de deux tuyères disposées concentriquement, après quoi on assemble les couches par soufflage à l'état thermoplastique.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Sheets of thermoplastic materials, for example based on a derivative of cellulose, polystyrene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polyvinyl carbazol, have different properties. Polyamide sheets, for example, absorb a certain amount of water and are permeable to water vapor, but they have excellent stability to organic solvents. Polyethylene sheets, on the other hand, are practically insensitive to moisture and have very low permeability to water vapor, however, when heated, the hydrocarbons cause them to swell or dissolve them.
It is known that sheets can be obtained by blowing pipes or tubes in the thermoplastic state or by stretching them over a spacer device and then cutting them lengthwise. It is also possible, from thermoplastics, according to the so-called blow-molding process, to prepare hollow bodies, such as bottles or the like, of a thickness similar to that of the sheets. The behavior of these hollow bodies varies according to the properties indicated above of the thermoplastic materials used.
In order to give these plastic sheets a possibility of universal application, compound, double or triple sheets can be prepared. It is possible, for example, to combine polyamide sheets with polyethylene sheets, by placing between two polyamide sheets or on a polyamide sheet, a polyethylene sheet. A composite sheet thus obtained, however, is relatively expensive as a result of the additional doubling or tripling operations, but it has the advantages of both kinds of plastics. It is resistant, for example, to all organic solvents and is only to a small extent permeable to water vapor.
For the preparation of hollow bodies, according to the blow molding process, however, this working method used for the preparation of composite sheets cannot be applied.
However, it has been found that one obtains in a particularly simple and rational manner hollow bodies made of different plastics or of combined sheets, by simultaneously superposing the layers of different plastics, by means of two or more nozzles arranged concentrically. , then by assembling these layers by blowing, in the thermoplastic state.
It is thus possible to obtain sheets composed of different layers of thermoplastic materials having excellent resistance and adhering well to one another. This process has, moreover, the great advantage of also allowing the processing of plastics which, owing to their low viscosity in the molten state, are not very suitable for the blow molding process or for the process involving the use of a spacer device. In the case of hollow bodies or composite sheets obtained in this way, the plastic layers which are highly viscous in the molten state can carry less viscous plastic layers in the molten state.
By way of indication, but in no way limiting, there is shown in the accompanying drawings an example of implementation of the process according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows by way of example a triple nozzle for the continuous manufacture, by the blow molding process, of tubes or composite sheets obtained from these tubes. The thermally softened or melted plastics are driven out by the worms 1, 2 and 3 of an extruding machine, so as to form, passing through the annular nozzles 1a, 2a and 3a, three concentric tubes. These tubes are blown with compressed air or another gas sent by a tube 4. The tubes are thus enlarged while still being in the plastic state and firmly assembled to one another. The wall of cylinder 5 limits the degree of expansion of the compound tube.
This three-ply tube can then
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
be driven into the narrow slot formed by two rotating cylinders, and then be cut as usual once or twice lengthwise. Triple sheets are thus obtained in continuous operation.
According to Figure 2, the softened or melted plastics are forced by the pistons 1 and 2 mounted in the cylinders 1a and 2a provided with a heating device, through the nozzle 1b and 2b so that it is formed in a mold open, formed of two pieces, bottle-shaped 4, a two-layer tube. The tube is held in a central position by means of a punch 5. When, during the application of the present method, the tube reaches the punch 5, the pistons 1 and 2 are stopped. The mold is then closed, after whereby the tube is crushed at point 6 of the bottom of the mold and is thus closed. This tube thus takes the form of a cylinder closed at the bottom.
Air or other gases are then brought in through pipe 7; the cylindrical tube, which swells, is pressed against the inner wall of the mold 4 and thus takes the shape of a bottle.
Pistons 1 and 2 have meanwhile returned to their starting position, while cylinders 1a and 2a are again filled with molding powder.
The bottle is then separated at the upper part of the neck of the tube which advances, then is ejected from the mold which has meanwhile been opened. This gives a bottle with two walls, each made of different plastics.
CLAIMS.
1. Process for the production of hollow bodies formed of layers of different thermoplastic materials, characterized in that the various layers made of different plastics are superimposed simultaneously, by means of two or more nozzles arranged concentrically, after which the layers are assembled by blowing in the thermoplastic state.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE531375A true BE531375A (en) | 1900-01-01 |
Family
ID=163733
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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BE531375D BE531375A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE531375A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1117862B (en) * | 1958-07-15 | 1961-11-23 | Werner Hennings | Device for the production of acid-proof and at the same time gas-tight hoses |
DE1136818B (en) * | 1960-02-03 | 1962-09-20 | Lissmann Alkor Werk | Process for the production of a multi-layer plastic hose and compression head for carrying out the process |
DE1199485B (en) * | 1963-12-28 | 1965-08-26 | Union Carbide Corp | Method and device for the continuous production of hoses from two or more layers of different thermoplastics |
DE1206571B (en) * | 1960-09-13 | 1965-12-09 | Marrick Mfg Co Ltd | Device for producing hollow bodies from thermoplastic material |
DE1222656B (en) * | 1960-09-29 | 1966-08-11 | Delore Sa Geoffroy | Extrusion process and multicolor extrusion press for applying a cover to an extruded body |
DE1554979B1 (en) * | 1960-11-18 | 1970-10-01 | Western Electric Co | Cross-head for an extrusion press for the simultaneous application of two different plastic layers around a core |
DE2410882A1 (en) * | 1973-03-13 | 1974-09-26 | Toray Industries | THREE-WALLED OR THREE-LAYER CONTAINER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH CONTAINER |
-
0
- BE BE531375D patent/BE531375A/fr unknown
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1117862B (en) * | 1958-07-15 | 1961-11-23 | Werner Hennings | Device for the production of acid-proof and at the same time gas-tight hoses |
DE1136818B (en) * | 1960-02-03 | 1962-09-20 | Lissmann Alkor Werk | Process for the production of a multi-layer plastic hose and compression head for carrying out the process |
DE1206571B (en) * | 1960-09-13 | 1965-12-09 | Marrick Mfg Co Ltd | Device for producing hollow bodies from thermoplastic material |
DE1222656B (en) * | 1960-09-29 | 1966-08-11 | Delore Sa Geoffroy | Extrusion process and multicolor extrusion press for applying a cover to an extruded body |
DE1554979B1 (en) * | 1960-11-18 | 1970-10-01 | Western Electric Co | Cross-head for an extrusion press for the simultaneous application of two different plastic layers around a core |
DE1199485B (en) * | 1963-12-28 | 1965-08-26 | Union Carbide Corp | Method and device for the continuous production of hoses from two or more layers of different thermoplastics |
DE2410882A1 (en) * | 1973-03-13 | 1974-09-26 | Toray Industries | THREE-WALLED OR THREE-LAYER CONTAINER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH CONTAINER |
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