BE451566A - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
BE451566A
BE451566A BE451566A BE451566A BE451566A BE 451566 A BE451566 A BE 451566A BE 451566 A BE451566 A BE 451566A BE 451566 A BE451566 A BE 451566A BE 451566 A BE451566 A BE 451566A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
addition
cellulose
esters
heat
ketones
Prior art date
Application number
BE451566A
Other languages
French (fr)
Original Assignee
Power Jets Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Power Jets Ltd filed Critical Power Jets Ltd
Publication of BE451566A publication Critical patent/BE451566A/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/06Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/46Combustion chambers comprising an annular arrangement of several essentially tubular flame tubes within a common annular casing or within individual casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/54Reverse-flow combustion chambers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Description

       

   <Desc/Clms Page number 1> 
 
 EMI1.1 
 



  "froduits esters cellulosiques primaires résistant à 1 ac- 
 EMI1.2 
 tion de la chaleur". - Priorité d'une demande de brevet en 
 EMI1.3 
 Allemagne déposée le 21 juillet 194Z n Scn.lS5 335 IVc3gb. 
 EMI1.4 
 



  Il est connu que l'addition des matières d'appoint dêtermi- nées des produits de polymérisation tels que le chlorure de 
 EMI1.5 
 polyvinyle, lok, polyacrylates et las produits haut poids mo- léculaire tels que les esters cellulosiques, permet leur trai- tement et leur application sur une gamme de température plus grande. Cet élargissement porte surtout 3u.r les gammes de tem- p6raturec, infêrieures.

   Il existe beaucoup de composée que l'on Considère comme convenant pour ces objectifs. c'est ainsi que 
 EMI1.6 
 l'on emploie plus fréquemment pour les produits de polymérise- 
 EMI1.7 
 tion tels que le chlorure de polyvinyle, l'ester pqlyacrylique 
 EMI1.8 
 et analogues, des matières à haut poids moléculaire telles que les esters cellulosiques, des additions d'esters, par exemple 
 EMI1.9 
 de phosphate de trieresyle, de phta1ate de dibutyle et autres. 
 EMI1.10 
 Beaucoup de ces matières additionnelles, qui améliorent le pou.- voir plastifient de :

  La matière artificielle, ont l'inconvénient d'agir chaud sur les matières artificielles d'une manière 
 EMI1.11 
 désavantageuse roour l'emploi de 1a matière artificielle, de sorte que non seulement on ntobtient Pas l'effet visé, mais qu'au con¯ traire on le renveree, le choix de matières d'appoint a ppropr i6e,e j paur les esters cellulosiques et spécialement pour les esters 
 EMI1.12 
 cellulosiques primaires est particulièrement difficile parce 
 EMI1.13 
 .que ceux-ci sont amenée à subir:des effets thermiques beaucoup Plus que les thermop2,astes ordinaires et ainsi doivent satisfaire à des exigénces considërablement plus grandes. 



  La Demanderesse a trouvé, present, que des additions de cétones à haut point d'ébullition améliorent additions I'ePtitude haut point t'on améliorent corla':'Ld6rablement. l'aptitude au travail et la stauilitê à la chaleur des esters' 
 EMI1.14 
 cellulosiques Praires. Les stabilité chaleur des esters cellulosiques primaires.

   Les cétones que l'on doit employer 
 EMI1.15 
 ne doivent pas bouillir à.des températures inférieure et ne ,pas être volatiles gtr eeulement et ne pas etre volatiles ou être seulem ent inappréciablement volatiles 
 EMI1.16 
 car, par exemple, les feuilles fabriquées partir des esters cellulosiques primaires ou la soie fabriquée partir de ceux- 
 EMI1.17 
 Ci d9iVent'auPP9rter éventuellement, en électro-technique,des températures Opératoires de 1000 et plus, Les oétones à haut point d'ébullition préséntent ensuite, sur les à haut de façon connue, l'avantage d#être en général des Combinaisons très stables eomportement neutre qui, cas Combinaisons sent une .position, ne donnent pas naissance des éléments nuisibles, tels qu'acides et analogues, par exemple.

   Clest roux cette raison aussi qu'elles corrodent pas le,cuivre, le nickel M'étau2 analogues, Comme cétones haut point d'6bul- lition, ut essentlenanent Coneiderer celles dont point. 
 EMI1.18 
 d'ébullition dépasse 20000, le point 
 EMI1.19 
 qui - Ooncerne leur constitution, elles peuvent atre, par exemple, des alcoyle- elles ... ., Les na phtyl cét OM. telle 0 que, ps r exempl ,f""''..nM. :

   Cétone sont partie par exem.016 la m6thyli- -naph---yj.-' Uliè-rement avent"ie'uses, Si, par examine un film en triac6tate de Cell 1 . a.;' par exemple, on une teneur en 

 <Desc/Clms Page number 2> 

 
 EMI2.1 
 I:lr;"'rlyle-..$-i1l3T,htvlc(;tone Ce :0 que l'on chauffe sans arrêt. le température de lo0 C , on constata au vi3co3imètre d'n7tvaald que le due cellulo6 di3S0U I3ccue, Dpred quatre jours, une diminution de la viscosité, qui était de 63" à : 1 o- l'igin & sol"; après huit jours, il y a ài;;Ü\1utiOI1 à 2". Un film qui a été traité de la manière précitée mais qui renferma en outre 7,0cli de pla3tifion au phtalate de dibutyle accusa1t finalement une due 55". Un film sans addition subit après quatre jours, à 10 température de 150 C, une chute co Viscosité de 65" à 2!! et est ainsi devenu pratiquement 3sn3 B,J- ploi.

   Or, ce film auquel on ajouté ch: la ar'tl1yle-ft -naphtTl- cétone peut encore être utilisé, dans 168 même3 condition8 d'épreuve, après 30 jours. lcô 1,5- .iaI:1Íùoanthrsquiüunb CQI1.!l1<:" addition au triacltete de cellulose dorine Egalement de 1'0::'.' 
 EMI2.2 
 résultats. Le recul de la viscosité d'une feuille comportant 
 EMI2.3 
 une addition de Oy'5, de 1,5-disDlin08nthraquin#e provoquée par un traitement de 48 heure."; à la température de 160 C et qui est de 100" à 88" est éloquent à ce sujet. La viscosité du 
 EMI2.4 
 même triactate de cellulose, mais auquel on n'a pas ajoute 
 EMI2.5 
 d'adjuvant est descendue, par le même traitement, à l2". 



  L'eddition de stéarate de cycloliexyle ou de phtalate de dibutyle au triacétate de cellulose n'empêche pan la chute de la viscosité. Lans le conditions précitées d'examen, une feuille contenant U11 st'ar.;-8te de cyclohexyle devient déjà 
 EMI2.6 
 friable après une demi-journée et une feuille contenant du phtalate de dibutyle devient friable après avoir été chauffée 
 EMI2.7 
 pendant un jour , la température de 150 . L'addition de cétoine 
 EMI2.8 
 accroît aussi bien la stabilité à la chaleur que le pouvoir 
 EMI2.9 
 plastifiant du triactate de cellulose.

   Four ce dernier effet, il faut ajouter des quantités de cétone un peu plus con,sidé- rables, On peut se servir avec avantabe, non seulement des cé- tones simples, telles que lyacé toph6nO'-lee t> la prenylnsphty1cétone, la 'benzylnaphtylcr:.tone, mai3 9uF]si des 8 dic{tones belle que la benzyle et 1a polycFtone et surtout dc:.; cf'tonee qui renferment dan3 la mo1ECule le groupe aaaino, le groupe ecetsmino oc d'au- tres substituant3. C'est ainsi notaient que l'on 8 eS8ayÉ: le composé. P01 ::C:TdE-" tétrcoxyantliraquilicaf-, et que 1'on a consta- t- qu'il convensit. 



  Les produit.3 réai,3tent l'actio. de le chaleur conforme.-. a¯l invention peuvent contenir eh 91us des cetones, d'autres aa.d1tlo1,:1 SGa'oilhIl3ntes, comme exposé èLe::1s la demande de bre- vet allemande Sch.124 726 ric/3 9b. 



  RL /Y":J. 'LIC j\ l u;2. 



  1. roduit8 réi8tant à l'action de la chaleur en esters cellulosiques prii.lDire.3, aveu et 38n8 chaleur Ci;n'8c't,Grisés P82 une addition de c Plai3tilieiit, caractérisés par une addition de clones à haut point d'6bullition, parti- culièrement de na?ntylCf.to21es.. 



  2..Produits rcsi4want , l'action de la chaleur confoné- thyle revendication 1, caractcris.s p9r une teneur en m.thyle- -na phtylcf,tone.



   <Desc / Clms Page number 1>
 
 EMI1.1
 



  "primary cellulose ester products resistant to 1 ac-
 EMI1.2
 tion of heat ". - Priority of a patent application in
 EMI1.3
 Germany filed July 21, 194Z n Scn.lS5 335 IVc3gb.
 EMI1.4
 



  It is known that the addition of make-up materials known as polymerization products such as chloride
 EMI1.5
 polyvinyl, lok, polyacrylates and high molecular weight products such as cellulosic esters allow their processing and application over a wider temperature range. This widening mainly increases the temperature ranges, which are lower.

   There are many compounds that are considered suitable for these purposes. therefore
 EMI1.6
 more frequently used for polymerization products
 EMI1.7
 tion such as polyvinyl chloride, pqlyacrylic ester
 EMI1.8
 and the like, high molecular weight materials such as cellulosic esters, ester additions, for example
 EMI1.9
 triesyl phosphate, dibutyl phthalate and the like.
 EMI1.10
 Many of these additional materials, which improve the power, plasticize of:

  Artificial matter has the disadvantage of acting hot on artificial matter in a way
 EMI1.11
 disadvantageous for the use of the artificial material, so that not only is the desired effect not obtained, but, on the contrary, it is sent back, the choice of auxiliary materials to be used, ej for the cellulose esters and especially for esters
 EMI1.12
 primary cellulosics is particularly difficult because
 EMI1.13
 .that these are brought to undergo: thermal effects much more than the thermop2, astes ordinary and thus must meet considerably greater requirements.



  We have now found that additions of high boiling point ketones improve high elevation additions and therefore significantly improve. workability and heat stability of esters
 EMI1.14
 cellulosics Praires. The heat stability of primary cellulose esters.

   The ketones to use
 EMI1.15
 must not boil at lower temperatures and must not be very volatile and not be volatile or only be unappreciatively volatile
 EMI1.16
 because, for example, sheets made from primary cellulose esters or silk made from these
 EMI1.17
 It may be possible, in electro-technical technology, to provide operating temperatures of 1000 and more. High boiling oetones then present, over high boiling points in a known manner, the advantage of being in general very stable combinations neutral behavior which, in combination with one position, does not give rise to harmful elements, such as acids and the like, for example.

   This is also a reddish-brown reason that they do not corrode copper, nickel. Analogues like high boiling point ketones, but essentially those of which no.
 EMI1.18
 boiling point exceeds 20,000, the point
 EMI1.19
 which - Regarding their constitution, they can be, for example, alkyls ...., The na phtyl ket OM. such that, ps r exempl, f "" '' .. nM. :

   Ketone, for example, was later removed from methyl-naph-yj., Si, by examining a triacetate film of Cell 1. for example, we have a

 <Desc / Clms Page number 2>

 
 EMI2.1
 I: lr; "'rlyle - .. $ - i1l3T, htvlc (; tone Ce: 0 which one heats without stopping. The temperature of lo0 C, one noted with the vi3co3imeter of n7tvaald that the cellulo6 di3S0U I3ccue, Dpred four days, a decrease in viscosity, which was 63 "at: 1 o- igin &sol"; after eight days, there are ati ;; Ü \ 1utiOI1 to 2 ". A film which has been processed from in the above manner but which additionally contained 7.0cl of dibutyl phthalate plating finally showed a 55 ". A film without addition undergoes after four days at a temperature of 150 ° C a drop in viscosity from 65" to 2! ! and thus became practically 3sn3 B, J- ploi.

   Now, this film to which we added ch: ar'tl1yle-ft -naphtTl- ketone can still be used, in 168 same test conditions, after 30 days. lc6 1,5- .iaI: 1Íùoanthrsquiüunb CQI1.! l1 <: "addition to the cellulose triacltet dorine Also 1'0 :: '.'
 EMI2.2
 results. The decrease in viscosity of a sheet comprising
 EMI2.3
 an addition of Oy'5, 1,5-disDlin08nthraquin # e caused by a treatment of 48 hours. "; at the temperature of 160 C and which is from 100" to 88 "is eloquent in this regard.
 EMI2.4
 same cellulose triactate, but not added
 EMI2.5
 of adjuvant is lowered, by the same treatment, to 12 ".



  The addition of cycloliexyl stearate or dibutyl phthalate to cellulose triacetate does not prevent the drop in viscosity. Under the above examination conditions, a sheet containing U11 st'ar.; - 8te of cyclohexyl already becomes
 EMI2.6
 crumbly after half a day and a sheet containing dibutyl phthalate becomes crumbly after being heated
 EMI2.7
 for a day the temperature of 150. Addition of cetoin
 EMI2.8
 increases both heat stability and potency
 EMI2.9
 cellulose triactate plasticizer.

   To this last effect, it is necessary to add quantities of ketone a little more con, astonishing. One can serve with avantabe, not only simple ketones, such as lyacea toph6nO'-lee t> prenylnsphthylketone, the ' benzylnaphthylcr: .tone, may3 9uF] if 8 dic {tones as beautiful as benzyl and 1a polycFtone and especially dc:.; cf'tonee which contain in the molecule the aaaino group, the ecetsmino group oc other substituents3. It is thus noted that one 8 eS8ayÉ: the compound. P01 :: C: TdE- "tetrcoxyantliraquilicaf-, and which was found to be agreed.



  The products 3 reai, 3tent the actio. of conforming heat. to the invention may contain ketones eh 91us, other aa.d1tlo1,: 1 SGa'oilhIl3ntes, as disclosed in German patent application Sch.124 726 ric / 39b.



  RL / Y ": J. 'LIC j \ l u; 2.



  1. roduct8 rei8uant to the action of heat in cellulose esters prii.lDire.3, admission and 38n8 heat Ci; n'8c't, Grayed P82 an addition of c Plai3tilieiit, characterized by an addition of high point clones '6 boiling, especially of na? NtylCf.to21es ..



  2..Rcsi4want products, the action of heat confonethyl claim 1, characcris.s p9r a content of m.thyle- -na phtylcf, tone.


    
BE451566A 1943-04-01 1945-11-30 BE451566A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5266/43A GB588086A (en) 1943-04-01 1943-04-01 Improvements relating to combustion apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BE451566A true BE451566A (en) 1945-12-31

Family

ID=9792853

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BE451566A BE451566A (en) 1943-04-01 1945-11-30
BE461566A BE461566A (en) 1943-04-01 1945-11-30

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BE461566A BE461566A (en) 1943-04-01 1945-11-30

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BE (2) BE451566A (en)
GB (1) GB588086A (en)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB612532A (en) * 1946-04-08 1948-11-15 Adrian Albert Lombard Improvements in or relating to combustion chambers for internal combustion turbines
US2601390A (en) * 1946-11-07 1952-06-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Combustion chamber for gas turbines with circumferentially arranged pulverized solidfuel and air nozzles
NL74196C (en) * 1947-08-11
US2657531A (en) * 1948-01-22 1953-11-03 Gen Electric Wall cooling arrangement for combustion devices
US2560223A (en) * 1948-02-04 1951-07-10 Wright Aeronautical Corp Double air-swirl baffle construction for fuel burners
US2560207A (en) * 1948-02-04 1951-07-10 Wright Aeronautical Corp Annular combustion chamber with circumferentially spaced double air-swirl burners
US2553091A (en) * 1948-09-11 1951-05-15 Harold R Horning Heater
US2654996A (en) * 1948-10-26 1953-10-13 Oerlikon Maschf Gas turbine combustion chamber
US2698050A (en) * 1949-06-10 1954-12-28 Lummus Co Combustion for liquid fuels
US2651912A (en) * 1950-10-31 1953-09-15 Gen Electric Combustor and cooling means therefor
US2674846A (en) * 1950-12-18 1954-04-13 Lummus Co Combustion chamber with baffle means to control secondary air
US2718757A (en) * 1951-01-17 1955-09-27 Lummus Co Aircraft gas turbine and jet
DE3301355C2 (en) * 1983-01-18 1984-11-08 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln Jump start device for a high pressure combustion chamber
US5109671A (en) * 1989-12-05 1992-05-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Combustion apparatus and method for a turbine engine
US7762074B2 (en) * 2006-04-04 2010-07-27 Siemens Energy, Inc. Air flow conditioner for a combustor can of a gas turbine engine
FR2973479B1 (en) * 2011-03-30 2013-05-10 Snecma WALL FOR TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER COMPRISING AN OPTIMIZED ARRANGEMENT OF AIR INLET AND SPARK PLUG PASSES
US20120305670A1 (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-06 General Electric Company System for conditioning flow through a combustor
SE537092C2 (en) * 2011-09-08 2015-01-07 Reformtech Heating Holding Ab Burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB588086A (en) 1947-05-14
BE461566A (en) 1945-12-31

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