BE1027513B1 - Method and domestic apparatus for producing sparkling mineral water - Google Patents

Abstract

There are many domestic systems on the market for gasifying water. The Applicant has used these systems in a clever way of also mineralizing water. Since mineral dissolution must be instantaneous, the use of carbonic anhydrase improves the kinetics of mineral dissolution so that it can take place during the relatively short gasification time. Systems adapted to the implementation of the method, as well as mineral compositions are also proposed.

Description

Method and domestic apparatus for producing sparkling mineral water.

The invention lies in the field of domestic production of mineral water, preferably sparkling.

There are domestic devices for producing sparkling or carbonated water, from city water, tap water, spring water or even demineralized water, allowing the injection of gas through refillable cylinders. of CO2. These devices comprise on the one hand a saturator which is connected to a source of gas, generally carbon dioxide under pressure in a cylinder, connected, via a valve or a regulator, to an outlet nozzle protruding from the device, and , on the other hand, a container, such as for example a bottle, inserting or screwing into the device so that the nozzle of the device enters it.

To obtain sparkling water, a predefined amount of water to be carbonated is introduced into the container so as to reach a defined level, generally identified on the container by a mark.

The container is then associated with the apparatus so that the end of the nozzle is submerged in water or is just above the surface of the water.

The device is started and gas is injected into the container.

The gas is partly dissolved in water and partly present as a bubble.

The container can then be removed from the device and optionally closed with a stopper or lid.

However, it is often the case that the taste properties of the water obtained are not excellent, in particular because the water contains few minerals, unlike natural sparkling water.

The manufacturers of gasification devices then propose to add "flavors" in the form of fruity and / or sweet aromas, liquid or powder, to be dissolved beforehand in water.

These aromas make it possible, for example, to reproduce certain well-known sodas.

However, they do not provide any special minerals.

Minerals are important for health, especially calcium and magnesium intake from the water we drink. These in their carbonate form are nevertheless very difficult to dissolve in large quantities and in a few seconds. Carbonates are preferable to other more soluble salts such as chlorides which, from a certain concentration, alter the flavor of the water and make it non-drinkable above a chloride threshold (drinkable but the flavor is undesirable for many consumers).

To overcome this problem, the Applicant proposes an improved process for gasifying water at the domestic level, making it possible to dissolve minerals simultaneously with the injection of gas.

Solution of the invention To this end, the present invention provides a method for domestic production of a predefined volume of carbonated mineral water, comprising the following steps: a predefined volume of water to be mineralized and carbonated is introduced into a container; - minerals are introduced into the predefined volume of water to be mineralized and carbonated in the container and - carbon dioxide gas is injected into the container in the presence of enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to forming carbonic acid and then bicarbonate, said enzymes being in contact with water.

The enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water convert part of the carbon dioxide injected into the water into carbonic acid and then into bicarbonate, which leads to a substantial drop in the pH of the water and allows to accelerate the dissolution of the mineral elements introduced. The use of enzymes makes it possible to achieve an acidity normally obtained through the use of concentrated acid solutions such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, solutions unsuitable for domestic handling. The process of the invention thus makes it possible to obtain, without danger, in a few seconds, clear water, comprising no residues = minerals, which would be unpleasant visually and tastefully for the consumer. The enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate are preferably carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme, of the EC class

4.2.1.1, is well known to improve the rate of dissolution of CO in water but has never been used in a household. The term "enzyme" in the remainder of the description generally denotes all enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate and preferably carbonic anhydrase.

Carbonic anhydrase contains zinc, which may also participate in water mineralization, as a source of zinc. However, since small quantities of enzymes are required for the process, the zinc input remains limited.

Since carbonic anhydrase is present in the human body in its natural state, its presence in small amounts in drinking water does not present any health hazard.

The method of the invention can be carried out mainly in two ways. In a first embodiment, the enzymes can be immobilized on internal surfaces of an apparatus which are intended to be in contact with water. To this end, the invention also provides a system for domestic production of a predefined volume of carbonated mineral water, comprising: —- a gas saturator having a gas injection nozzle; - a container intended to contain the water to be mineralized and gasified, characterized in that the enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate are immobilized on at least a part surfaces of the appliance intended to be in contact with water.

The container is an element that is not integral with the saturator, that is to say not attached to the saturator or removably attached to the rest of the device.

Enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide are immobilized by means well known to those skilled in the art to immobilize enzymes on a solid support.

Preferably, the system of the invention comprises an anchoring cavity of the container, the gas injection nozzle projecting from the system through the anchoring cavity of the container so as to penetrate into the container when the latter is anchored. , and the container is provided with a neck shaped to be anchored to the anchoring cavity of the container.

Since the neck of the container is shaped to fit the anchoring cavity, the container is preferably marketed as part of the domestic carbonated mineral water apparatus of the invention. However, the container can also be sold separately, for example as a replacement for a worn or damaged container. The enzymes can, for example, be immobilized on the gas injection nozzle if the latter is arranged to be introduced into the liquid, and in particular on the part of the nozzle intended to penetrate into the water to be mineralized and to carbonate.

The enzymes can also, alternatively or in addition, be immobilized on the internal surface of the container, preferably below the fill level, so as to be in contact with water when the container is filled. Such a container represents an essential means of carrying out the invention.

The applicant therefore also intends to protect a domestic water gasification vessel characterized by the fact that enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate are immobilized on at least a part. of the inner surface of the container. The container may include a neck for anchoring the gas injection apparatus according to the invention.

The enzymes can also, alternately or in addition, be immobilized on the surface of an insert intended to be placed in the container, in an immersed manner, during the implementation of the method. Such an insert may have any suitable shape to be immersed in water, in a manner that is easily recoverable by the user and so as not to interfere with the injection of gas into the water. It can be free or can be fixed to the container or to the nozzle, for example.

The apparatus may advantageously comprise a port for connection to a pressurized gas cylinder, provided with a valve or a regulator. It can also include electrical connection means and an electrical or electronic control system. These characteristics are well known to those skilled in the art.

In a second embodiment of the method of the invention, the enzymes can be provided in free form, with the minerals, that is to say not immobilized. The Applicant therefore also intends to protect a water mineralization composition comprising minerals and enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate.

Preferably, the composition comprises minerals commonly contained in mineral waters, in the form for example of carbonates, bicarbonates, hydroxylates, chlorides or sulphates of calcium, magnesium or sodium mainly. Calcium carbonate and / or magnesium carbonate are in particular the most difficult minerals to dissolve quickly in large quantities.

The composition according to the invention preferably comprises between 0.01 and 30% by mass of magnesium, preferably between 0.1 and 20%, more preferably between 1 and 15%, preferably between 1.5 and 10%, preferably between 2 and 8 %, preferably between 3 and 6%.

The composition according to the invention preferably comprises between 0.01 and 45% by mass of calcium, preferably between 0.05 and 40% by mass of calcium, preferably between 0.1 and 30%, preferably between 1 and 25%, preferably between 5 and 22%, preferably between 8 and 20%.

Preferably, the composition comprises at least one of the salts from the list consisting of magnesium sulfate (MgS0 3), magnesium bicarbonate (Mg (HCO3) 2), magnesium nitrate (MgNO :), calcium nitrate ( Ca (NO-),), calcium bicarbonate (Ca (HCO-),), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3). To ensure the complete and rapid dissolution of these minerals, 0.1 to 20 pmol / L of carbonic anhydrase per liter is necessary. There are six carbonic anhydrase families (o, B, Yı 8, C and n) with molecular weights ranging from approximately 29 to 54 kDa. The composition therefore comprises, in percentage by mass at least 0,000,000 01% of enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate, and preferably carbonic anhydrase, and preferably at least 0,000,000 1%. The composition of the invention may be a concentrated liquid composition, that is to say containing the minerals dissolved in the volume of water equal to or close to the minimum volume of water necessary for their dissolution, and in which are also dissolves enzymes. The percentages of the composition stated above are then understood as percentages on the dry matter. Advantageously, the composition is a solid composition, in powder or agglomerated form, for example in the form of a tablet, tablet or bead.

The enzymes are then incorporated into the minerals in dry form.

The water to be mineralized and carbonated is preferably water with a low mineral content or even devoid of minerals, and in particular of magnesium and calcium.

The low mineral content can be achieved naturally, for example for spring water, or artificially, by desalination processes such as reverse osmosis, the use of resins, evaporation and recondensation.

A low mineral content preferably corresponds to a dry mineral residue of less than 500 mg / L and more preferably of less than 100 mg / L.

By domestic is meant here that the process is not suitable for industrial production and the apparatus has a production capacity and dimensions allowing it to be installed in a particular dwelling or at a workplace, to provide some hundreds of milliliters to a few liters of carbonated mineral water at each start-up.

The device can also be adapted for the hotel and catering industry.

A container here preferably denotes a container of the bottle, decanter, gourd, glass, cup, etc. type made from a material compatible with water, such as, for example, glass, plastic, metal or a combination of these materials.

The containers of the apparatus of the invention are, for example, the bottles and decanters marketed with household saturators, except that enzymes can be immobilized on their inner walls.

The container is preferably resealable with a lid or stopper.

The injection of gaseous carbon dioxide according to the invention does not differ from the known methods used in commonly marketed household saturators.

The saturator nozzle can be submerged in the water to be carbonated or emerge just above the water level, which allows for equally good carbonation.

In fact, under the effect of the injection pressure, the gas enters the water.

A saturator here designates a system for saturating water with carbonic acid.

The saturator preferably comprises an inlet intended to be connected to a cylinder containing pressurized carbon dioxide, via a valve or an expander, and an outlet nozzle.

The saturator is preferably equipped with a unit for regulating the flow of carbon dioxide and a programmer making it possible to adjust the total amount of carbon dioxide injected each time the device is started up.

This is a classic saturator of the type found in commercial domestic saturators.

The surfaces of the apparatus intended to be in contact with water designate the part of the internal walls of the container placed under the filling level of the container, and / or the external surface of the nozzle which is intended to be immersed in the water to be carbonated, and / or a submersible insert designed specifically to extend below the fill level of the container.

Such an insert can have any shape compatible with the device, it can be an element integral with or separate from the other elements constituting the device.

The container anchor neck refers to the part of the container, generally "high", forming the container opening to air and water.

The neck is preferably tightened and comprises means for fixing the neck to the anchoring cavity, such as for example lugs or a screw thread.

The anchoring cavity of the device comprises the fixing means complementary to those of the neck which allow, once the neck has been inserted or anchored in the cavity, to keep these two elements assembled, in a gas-tight and watertight manner. or in an unsealed manner.

The predefined volume of mineral water is a volume on a domestic scale, that is to say of the order of a liter, such as for example a volume less than 10 L, preferably less than 5 L, for example between 0.5 and 1.5 L, i.e. an amount easy to store in a carboy, gourd, carafe or bottle for household use.

A mineral powder here refers to a very fine powder, composed of particles having diameters of the order of a few microns, for example 2 to 1000 microns, preferably 5 to 500 microns, in order to allow almost instantaneous dissolution at pH values. achieved in water through the conversion of carbon dioxide by enzymes.

The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description of several embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagram of the method of the invention according to a first embodiment of achievement; Figure 2 is a diagram of the method of the invention according to a second embodiment; Figure 3 is a diagram of the method of the invention according to a third embodiment; Figure 4 is a diagram of a system of the invention; Figure 5 is a diagram of a variant of the apparatus of Figure 4; Figure 6 is a diagram of another variant of the apparatus of Figures 4 and 5; With reference to FIG. 1, the method of domestic production of a predefined volume of carbonated mineral water comprises the following steps: in a step A, a predefined volume of water 2 to be mineralized and carbonated is introduced into a container 1, preferably water with a low mineral content, such as, for example, reverse osmosis water, demineralized water or tap water; - in a step B, minerals 3 are introduced, here in the form of a solid bead, into the predefined volume of water 2 to be mineralized and gasified in the container 1 and - in a step C, sodium dioxide is injected carbon gas, here using a nozzle 5 immersed in the container 1 so as to be immersed in water 2, in the presence of enzymes 6, immobilized on the submerged tip of the nozzle 5, to catalyze the reaction carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate. The enzymes are thus in contact with water. At the end of step C, we obtain volume 2 of water in which the minerals 3 are completely dissolved and also containing carbon dioxide bubbles 4. This water is thus mineralized and carbonated or sparkling. Figure 2, applying the same reference numbers as Figure 1 for the same elements, illustrates a variant of the process described above, in which the enzymes 6 are no longer immobilized on the carbon dioxide injection nozzle 5, but on the internal walls of the container 1. The enzymes are here immobilized on almost the entire submerged surface of the container, that is to say both on the side walls and the bottom of the container, but only one part of the surface could be functionalized with enzymes.

Figure 3, applying the same reference numbers as Figure 1 for the same elements, illustrates a variant of the process described above, in which the enzymes 6 are this time introduced with the minerals, in the bead 3 ’. In this case, they are found dissolved with the minerals in the mineralized and carbonated water. Referring to Figure 4, apparatus 40 for domestic production of a predefined volume of carbonated mineral water, comprises a housing 43 inside which is provided a gas saturator 42, connected to a cylinder 44 of pressurized CO. (shown in dotted lines). The saturator 42 comprises a nozzle 45 which projects from the housing 43, vertically downwards, at a recess 47 of the housing.

Enzymes 46 are immobilized on the outer surface of the end of the nozzle 45. The apparatus 40 further comprises a container 41, shaped so as to fit into the recess 47 of the housing so that the nozzle 45 enters the container 41. A level line 49 is provided on the container to indicate the water level to be provided for using the apparatus.

The nozzle 45 is preferably relatively flexible or mobile to facilitate its insertion into the container 41. The housing 43 here comprises a control button 48 on its front face.

The control button is connected to a saturator control unit (not shown) for triggering the injection of carbon dioxide through the nozzle 45 and controlling the amount of carbon dioxide injected.

In practice, the container 41 is first of all filled with water, preferably demineralized or slightly mineralized, up to the level line 49. Minerals are introduced into the container, into the water, in liquid or solid form. , for example in the form of powder, bead or tablet.

The container thus filled is placed in the recess 47 so that the nozzle 45 is immersed in water with the minerals.

The container can rest on the flat base of this recess.

The user then presses button 48 to activate the saturator which injects a defined / programmed volume of carbon dioxide into the water in the container.

The enzymes present on the submerged tip of the nozzle partially convert the injected carbon dioxide into carbonic acid and then into bicarbonate, which causes the pH of the mineral solution in the water to decrease.

This decrease in pH, combined with the turbulence created by the injection of carbon dioxide allows the complete dissolution of minerals and the production of sparkling mineral water.

The mineral content is thus known and corresponds to the composition of the minerals introduced into the water. When the gas injection is complete, the user collects the container and can use the resulting water.

Referring to Figure 5, repeating, for the common elements the numbering of Figure 4, in order to facilitate the insertion of the nozzle 45 into the container 51, the recess 47 of the device may not have a platform. The apparatus then comprises an anchoring cavity 53 of the container. The gas injection nozzle 45 projects from the apparatus through the receptacle anchoring cavity 53 so as to enter the receptacle 51 when the latter is anchored. In order to be able to be anchored in this cavity 53, the container 51 is provided with a neck 52 shaped to be anchored to the anchoring cavity of the container. The container 51 here has the shape of a bottle, which can be suspended from the housing 43. The recess 47 can thus have a greater height, which facilitates the insertion of the nozzle into the neck. The means for anchoring the neck 52 to the cavity 53 are any means known to those skilled in the art such as a thread, a thread or a clip system. Advantageously, the neck of the container is provided with a screw thread, which can also be used to position a stopper to close the container hermetically after carbonation. The nozzle 45 on which the enzymes 46 are immobilized can advantageously be removable, so as to be easily replaced when the activity of the enzymes weakens. Alternatively, an insert on which enzymes are immobilized can be fitted to the end of the nozzle 46. The nozzle does not necessarily consist of a single piece, but can include different elements facilitating its cleaning and the replacement of the enzymes. . Referring to Figure 6, taking again, for the common elements the numbering of Figures 4 and 5, the enzymes 46 can be immobilized on the inner wall of the container 61, here a bottle, preferably below the filling level identified by the level line 69, instead of being placed on nozzle 45, or in addition.

The container 61 here comprises a neck 62 for anchoring to the cavity 53 of the gas injection apparatus.

As previously described, the bottle 61 is filled with water to the level line 69. The enzymes 46 are then submerged.

Minerals are added to the water in the bottle, in liquid or solid form.

The neck 62 is inserted and fixed in the anchoring cavity 53, so that the nozzle penetrates into the bottle 61, which is then suspended from the housing 43 by its neck 62. The end of the nozzle can be submerged or emerge above the water surface.

The saturator 42 is activated using the button 48. A determined amount of carbon dioxide is injected into the water contained in the bottle.

At the end of the injection, the bottle 61 is removed from its anchoring position.

The water can be consumed, or the bottle can be closed with a stopper.

The container 61 is illustrated here manufactured in a block.

Alternatively, it can be made in several parts with, for example, a detachable bottom part, i.e. unscrewable, to facilitate cleaning.

This detachable lower part can be the part of the container on which the enzymes are immobilized or inside which an insert on which the enzymes are immobilized can be attached.

Thus, when the activity of the enzymes weakens, it is possible to change only the insert or the bottom of the container, which can be recycled.

This helps reduce the environmental impact.

Other types of inserts on which enzymes can be immobilized can be imagined, which can for example be immersed in water or submerged parallel to the nozzle.

For the implementation of the method of the invention, it is also possible, as illustrated in Figure 3, to provide the enzymes in free form with the minerals.

This implementation is notably compatible with the use of conventional saturators available on the market.

Preferably, the minerals are supplied in solid form and the challenge is to succeed in dissolving them quickly to obtain in a few seconds, or even a few minutes, clear water that is pleasant to drink.

As described above, the most difficult minerals to dissolve quickly and in large quantities are mainly magnesium carbonates and calcium.

This is why it is necessary to create in the water to be mineralized, the conditions necessary for this dissolution.

If the injection of carbon dioxide in itself already allows the pH of the water to drop slightly, this drop is not sufficient to dissolve several tens of milligrams of calcium and / or magnesium, supplied in the form of sulphates and / or bicarbonates, at least for a period of the order of a minute.

Indeed, the limiting step in the dissolution of the carbonate of Ca and / or Mg is the step of hydration and conversion of CO to the weak acid.

The acceleration by a factor of 10 to 100 of the conversion of CO ,, in the presence of the enzyme, therefore allows the acceleration of the dissolution of the carbonate.

The presence of enzymes in the mineral composition makes it possible to convert a lot of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate and more easily to reach pH much lower than 7. Calcium and magnesium salts being much more soluble in acidic medium, the speed of dissolution is improved.

The Applicant therefore proposes water mineralization compositions comprising minerals and enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate.

For example, it is possible to prepare compositions making it possible to obtain mineral sparkling waters similar to registered brand waters, such as Gerolsteiner, Badoit or San Pellegrino,

exhibiting the characteristics shown in Table 1. It should be noted that these three mineral waters have a pH less than or equal to 6. Element Gerolsteiner Badoit (mg / L) Perrier (mg / L) | San Pellegrino Hepar mineral (mg / L) (mg / L) ee | ® | SO EI 8 LEO | 80 POI ® OUEN 8 pu ta [LL e =] Ta Material 1800 mg / L 622 mg / L 1172 mg / L 2513 mg / L total dissolved 2488 mg / L Tee Table 1.

Since mineral elements are not accessible in their pure ionic form, it is important to choose the salts or anion-cation pairs appropriately, depending on their solubility. The element magnesium can, for example, be provided by several saline species: magnesium sulfate (MgSO,) hepta-hydrate and magnesium bicarbonate (Mg (HCO:) 5). This is also the case for calcium, supplied in the form of nitrate (Ca (NO3) 2) and in the form of bicarbonate (Ca (HCO: 3) z). Sodium can be supplied in the form of chloride (Nacl) and bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and potassium in the form of bicarbonate (KHCO3). Depending on the desired pH, it is possible to adjust the composition by instead using bicarbonate salts, imparting a certain acidity, or rather hydroxides.

The composition according to the invention is defined in terms of the percentage by mass of the mineral element and not of the salt comprising this element. The composition according to the invention preferably comprises between 0.01 and 30% by mass of magnesium, preferably between 0.1 and 20%, more preferably between 1 and 15%, preferably between 1.5 and 10%, preferably between 2 and 8 %, preferably between 3 and 6%.

The composition according to the invention preferably comprises between 0.01 and 40% by mass of calcium, preferably between 0.1 and 30%, preferably between 1 and 25%, preferably between 5 and 22%, preferably between 8 and 20%. .

Preferably, the composition comprises at least one of the salts from the list consisting of magnesium sulfate (MgS0 3), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), magnesium bicarbonate (Mg (HCOz) 2), magnesium nitrate (MgNO3) ), calcium nitrate (Ca (NO3) 2), calcium bicarbonate (Ca (HCO:) 2), calcium carbonate (CaCO -), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium bicarbonate {( NaHCO3) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3).

To ensure the complete and rapid dissolution of these minerals, 0.1 to 18 pmol / L carbonic anhydrase per liter is necessary. There are six carbonic anhydrase families (a, B; v, 5, TZ and n) with molecular weights ranging from 29 to 54 kDa. The composition therefore comprises, in percentage by mass at least 0,000,000 01% of enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate, and preferably carbonic anhydrase, and preferably at least 0,000,000 1%.

Examples Compositions making it possible to obtain synthetic waters approaching the natural waters listed in Table 1, from a weakly mineralized city water, as can be found in countries depending mainly on the desalination of water from sea for its access to drinking water are described in Table 2 below. These compositions are intended to mineralize 1 L of water.

Mineral salts Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 (type (type Badoit8) (type San Perrier®) Pellegrino®) pa | || ps [ee == | [58 | pa || es ae || wam [| aam || es

EC A | Mac | | Anhydrase 1pmol 1pmol 1pmol qe 1 Table 2 To test the dissolution of the compositions, a household saturator of a model currently available on the market, having a 1L vessel, programmed to generate in the vessel a carbon dioxide pressure of about 2 bar for pressing the control button.

1 L of a city water of the composition described in Table 3 is introduced into the carbonation container as well as one of the compositions of Table 2. The container is fixed on the saturator and pressure is exerted on the control button. .

Element City water + composition 1 | + composition 2 | + composition 3

THE EU US EU OUT LOTO | 8 | 8 | 8 | TE LS US | 8 | 8 Time 10 seconds <1min <1 min necessary to obtain a clear water Table 3 It appears clearly that the use of the enzyme makes it possible to obtain a total dissolution of the minerals in a few seconds, whereas it would have took several minutes or even hours without enzyme. The method of the invention thus enables reliable home use allowing a user to obtain not only carbonated but also mineralized water simultaneously without increasing the waiting time.

The composition according to the invention can be presented in powder form, for example in a single-use packaging comprising just the dose of powder necessary for a “batch”, that is to say to mineralize and gasify the content of a container. For example, for a standard bottle for carbonating 1L of water, the dose of powder necessary to mineralize this liter of water is packaged in a small sachet, or a capsule. The sachet or capsule is opened and then its contents are poured into the container.

The sachet or capsule could also be porous, that is, allowing water to pass through it, much like a tea bag or basket.

Any form and / or any material usable in water, which does not contaminate this water in any way is possible.

Alternatively, and in an ecological concern to minimize disposable packaging, the powder can be packaged in a larger, recyclable and / or reusable packaging, and supplied with a measuring spoon, allowing the necessary quantity of powder to be withdrawn, in the manner of the baby milk.

The composition according to the invention can also be compacted to form solid units such as tablets, beads or tablets, optionally effervescent.

Preferably each solid unit includes just the dose of powder necessary for a "batch", that is to say to mineralize and gasify the contents of a container.

These solid units can be obtained by any known method of powder compression and / or evaporation.

In a broader concept, the composition can be an effervescent composition, which when immersed gives off a sufficient quantity of carbon dioxide usable by the enzymes to lower the pH of the water and facilitate the dissolution of other minerals, without causing the water to dissolve. it is necessary to inject carbon dioxide using a saturator.

This release of carbon dioxide is here related to the injection of carbon dioxide as defined in the method of the invention, and is covered by this term.

This approach can be particularly interesting for the domestic production of weakly sparkling or even still water, but nonetheless highly mineralized, similar for example to Hépar brand water.

Claims (15)

Claims 1. A method of domestic production of a predefined volume of carbonated mineral water, comprising the following steps: - introducing (A) a predefined volume of water (2) to be mineralized and carbonated into a container (1; 41 7 51; 61); - minerals (3) are introduced (B) into the predefined volume of water (2) to be mineralized and carbonated in the container (1; 41; 51; 61) and - carbon dioxide is injected (C) ( 4; 44) gaseous in the container in the presence of enzymes (6; 46) catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate, said enzymes being in contact with water . 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide gas is injected into the container in the volume of water. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide gas is injected into the container, above the volume of water. 4. System (40) for domestic production of a predefined volume of carbonated mineral water, comprising: —- a gas saturator (42) having a carbon dioxide injection nozzle (5; 45); - a container (1 7; 41; 51; 61) intended to contain the water to be mineralized and gasified, characterized in that the enzymes (6; 46) catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate are immobilized on at least part of the surfaces of the system intended to be in contact with water. 5. System according to claim 4, comprising an anchoring cavity (53) of the container (51; 61), the gas injection nozzle (45) projecting through the anchoring cavity (53) of the container so to enter the container when the latter is anchored, and the container is provided with a neck (52; 62) shaped to be anchored to the anchoring cavity of the container. 6. System according to one of claims 4 and 5, wherein the enzymes (46) are immobilized on the carbon dioxide injection nozzle (45). 7. System according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the enzymes (46) are immobilized on the internal surface of the container (61). 8. System according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the enzymes are immobilized on an insert intended to be placed in the container. 9. Container (61) for domestic gasification of water characterized in that enzymes (46) catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate are immobilized on at least one part of the inner surface of the container. 10. A container according to claim 9 comprising two detachable parts, the enzymes being immobilized on one of the parts. 11. Water mineralization composition (3 ’) consisting of minerals and enzymes that catalyze the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate. 12. Composition according to claim 11 comprising between 0.01 and 30% by mass of magnesium on the dry mass and / or between 0.01 and 40% by mass of calcium on the dry mass. 13. Composition according to one of claims 11 to 12, comprising at least one of the salts from the list consisting of magnesium sulfate (MgS04), magnesium bicarbonate (Mg (HCO3) 2), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) , magnesium nitrate (MgNO3), calcium nitrate (Ca (NO3) 2), calcium bicarbonate (Ca (HCO3) 2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3). 14. Composition according to one of claims 11 to 13, comprising at least 0,000,000 01% of enzymes catalyzing the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid and then bicarbonate in percentage on the mass. dried. 15. Composition according to one of claims 11 to 14 in compacted solid form or in powder form.