AU9398298A

AU9398298A - Sanitary napkin having body-facing adhesive

Info

Publication number: AU9398298A
Application number: AU93982/98A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Frank Gerald Druecke; Yung Hsiang Huang; Duane Kenneth Zacharias
Original assignee: Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc; Kimberly Clark Corp
Current assignee: Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Priority date: 1994-10-28
Filing date: 1998-09-18
Publication date: 1999-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2015-09-01
Also published as: AU745377B2

Description

WO 99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 10 SANITARY NAPKIN HAVING BODY-FACING ADHESIVE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 15 1. Technical Field The present invention relates to a disposable absorbent article having a body-facing adhesive to be positioned against a wearer's skin. In one aspect, the invention relates to a catamenial device having a supportive adhesive residing on the 20 body-side surface of the device. 2. Background Externally positioned, disposable absorbent articles in the form of a catamenial device, configured for the absorption of body fluids such as menses, collectively are referred to 25 herein as a sanitary napkin. The sanitary napkin is secured during use, often by attaching the sanitary napkin to the wearer's undergarment by an adhesive. 30 INTRODUCTION TO THE INVENTION When a sanitary napkin is secured to an undergarment, the wearer may experience a number of drawbacks or disadvantages. One drawback is that the adhesive can stick too aggressively to the inside surface of the undergarment leaving a residue. 35 Another disadvantage is the napkin will tend to move with the undergarment rather than associating with the bodily movements of the wearer. This undesirable movement can result in a less WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -2 secure fit and can increase the incidence of fluid leakage, irritation, chafing, and discomfort. Attempts made to adhere a sanitary napkin directly to the wearer require an adhesive compatible with the wearer's skin. 5 In securing the sanitary napkin directly to the wearer, adhe sives of the type used in various surgical applications could be employed. However, removal of these adhesives causes sudden pain and discomfort to the wearer in the sensitive pudendal region. 10 Thus, sanitary napkins could be employed large enough to avoid applying such adhesive in contact with the wearer's pubic hair and sensitive genitalia. However, such large sanitary napkins are found to be uncomfortable to the wearer, and they are noticeable through the wearer's outer garments. 15 A sanitary napkin is needed which would be secured di rectly to the wearer's body, which would be comfortable to wear, which would be discrete in appearance as viewed through the wearer's outer garments, which would give the wearer a feeling of security during use, which would not cause discom 20 fort upon removal from the wearer's skin and hair, and which would not cause discomfort upon removal from the wearer's skin and hair in the sensitive pudendal region. Very few adhesive compositions are completely satisfactory for application to human skin. The requirements for such 25 adhesives are stringent. They must adhere well to human skin during perspiration, when the weather is hot, or in an environ ment of draining wounds, yet be removable without leaving adhesive residue on the skin's surface. Adhesion should take effect immediately on application to skin, even in a hot or 30 moist environment, and should release cleanly and with minimal discomfort when voluntarily removed in this environment. Adhesives applied to sensitive areas of the human body require further special characteristics. Hair covered regions are especially difficult to adhere to well without causing pain 35 upon removal of the adhered article. For such regions, a soft WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -3 adhesive with specific viscoelastic properties is required. Hydrogels could be used effectively for such purposes, but hydrogels have their own disadvantages, including high price, special packaging and release layers to retain the moisture 5 (typically about 40% of the total adhesive), as well as varia tions in properties during use in response to changes in humidity. Other disadvantages arise from the general necessity of a non-woven support to strengthen the adhesive and hold it in place during cure. When cured, a water impervious release 10 layer is applied. To obtain a soft adhesive while maintaining solid-like behavior requires high molecular weight polymers. With hydro gels, this is obtained by cross linking or curing after cool ing, as is the case with an electron beam curable acrylic 15 described in European Patent Application EP 175562 A2. Fur ther, U.S. Pat. No. 5,262,468 to Chen describes the use of very high molecular weight rubbers to obtain gelatinous thermoplas tic compositions, but such compositions generally lack in adhesive grab so that virtually no adhesion to the body is 20 obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent article which is adhesively attached directly to the wearer's body. It is an object of the present invention to provide an 25 absorbent article which is adhesively attached directly to the wearer's body and which is small enough to be discrete and not noticeable through the wearer's outer garments. It is an object of the present invention to provide an absorbent article which is adhesively attached directly to the 30 wearer's body in the sensitive pudendal area. It is another object of the present invention to provide a sanitary napkin which uses an adhesive having specific rheolog ical properties to secure the sanitary napkin directly to the wearer in the sensitive pudendal area.

WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -4 It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a sanitary napkin which is comfortable to wear and can be readily removed with little or no pain or discomfort to the wearer in the sensitive pudendal area. 5 It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a sanitary napkin with the desirable characteristics of a hydrogel adhesive, but without the drawbacks or disadvan tages. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will 10 become apparent from the detailed description and accompanying drawings which follow. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The article of the present invention includes a sanitary napkin having an absorbent core with at least one body-facing 15 surface designed to be positioned against the wearer's body and a pressure sensitive adhesive secured to the body-facing surface. In one aspect, the article is limited in dimension and includes a hot melt adhesive to be pressed against the wearer's pudendal region and characterized by a midblock Tg of 20 less than -100 C., a G' (storage modulus) less than 15x10 4 dynes/cm 2 at 10 rad/s. (250 C.), a G" (loss modulus) of 1 to 6x10 4 dynes/cm 2 , a tensile strength greater than 10 psi, and requiring no subsequent curing operation after cooling. In one aspect, the article includes an adhesive to be pressed against 25 the wearer's pudendal region which has an adhesive weight less than 1500 mg per square inch and a tan delta residing inside a quadrangle ABCD wherein said quadrangle ABCD is defined by graphically plotting frequency in radians per second versus tan delta referenced to about 200 Centigrade of the adhesive, the 30 quadrangle ABCD having as points A and D a tan delta of about 0.01 and about 0.6 respectively at a frequency of about 0.1 radians per second and points B and C at a tan delta of about 0.1 and about 1.7 respectively at a frequency of about 1000 radians per second.

WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -5 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a top, plan view of an absorbent article showing one embodiment of the invention. 5 Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 taken along line 2--2. Fig. 3 is a graphical plot of frequency (in radians per second) versus the rheological property tan delta illustrating the quadrangle ABCD. 10 DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention provides a disposable absorbent article to be secured directly to the body of a wearer by a hot melt, pressure sensitive adhesive. The article of the present invention applies to a disposable absorbent article in the form 15 of a catamenial device, i.e., a sanitary napkin. As used herein, the term "sanitary napkin" refers to an article which is worn by females adjacent to the pudendal region and which is intended to absorb and contain various exudates which are discharged from the body, such as, blood, menses, and urine. 20 The sanitary napkin is intended to be discarded after a single use. Interlabial devices which reside partially within and partially external of the female wearer's vestibule are also within the scope of this invention. The article of the present invention provides a hot melt 25 pressure sensitive adhesive which adheres well to the human skin and hair in the sensitive pudendal area. The article of the present invention provides a sanitary napkin incorporating a hot melt adhesive for bonding to sensi tive areas of the human body which adhesive functions like a 30 hydrogel but requires no subsequent cure. Referring now to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, sanitary napkin 10 is depicted as having generally race track shape. Sanitary napkin 10 can have any variety of shapes, e.g., such as by way of example, hourglass, oval, and others. Sanitary napkin 10 has a WO99/15123 PCTIUS98/19506 -6 pair of longitudinal sides 12 and 14, transverse ends 16 and 18, an absorbent core 20, and a body-side adhesive 22. Sani tary napkin 10 has at least one major surface 24 adapted to be positioned adjacent to a wearer's body. Surface 24 is soft and 5 liquid-permeable. Fluid-impermeable baffle 26 is positioned distally from the body-facing surface 24. Longitudinal sides 12 and 14 are between five (5) and nine (9) inches in length, preferably no longer than seven (7) inch es. Transverse sides 16 and 18 are between two (2) and three 10 and one-half (3.5) inches in length, preferably no longer than three (3) inches. The limitations on the sizes of the longitu dinal and transverse sides are important so that the sanitary napkin of the present invention is not so large as to be uncomfortable to the wearer and is small enough to be discrete 15 and not noticeable through the wearer's outer garments. Absorbent core 20 may be a material which is generally compressible, comfortable, non-irritating to the wearer's skin and capable of absorbing and containing body exudates such as urine, menses, blood, and the like. Absorbent core 20 main 20 tains its integrity when wetted during use. The absorbent core 20 can be manufactured into different shapes and from a variety of liquid-absorbent materials commonly known in the disposable absorbent article art. For example, absorbent materials such as cellulose fibers, wood pulp, regenerated cellulose, or 25 cotton fibers can be used. Such fibers may be chemically or physically modified. The absorbent core 20 may include any of the above fibers in combination with other materials, both natural and synthetic, such as hydrophilic foams, hydrophilic polymers, or the like. Wood pulp is frequently the material of 30 choice primarily because it is inexpensive and readily avail able. The absorbent core 20 also may include a thin absorbent layer of material such as tissue, fabric, or the like made of cellulosic fibers. The absorbent core 20 also can include one or more superabsorbent materials. By "superabsorbent" is meant 35 a hydrocolloid material capable of absorbing an amount of water WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -7 which is at least ten times the weight of the hydrocolloid particles in the dry form and preferably from about 15 to 70 times the dry weight. Such materials are further described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,247,072 issued on September 21, 1993 to Ning 5 et al. I Baffle 26 is designed to permit the passage of air and moisture vapor to the outer surface while blocking the passage of liquids. The baffle 26 may be made from one or more poly meric films such as polyethylene, polypropylene, cellophane, or 10 a film/non-woven laminate, or the like. The baffle 26 can also be constructed from a liquid-permeable material which has been treated or coated to become liquid impervious. Referring now to Fig. 2, the sanitary napkin 10 includes a liquid-permeable cover 28 having a body-facing surface 24. The 15 cover 28 is positioned adjacent to the absorbent core 20. The cover 28, which is designed to contact the wearer's body, can be made from various polymeric films which are provided with apertures for fluid migration into the absorbent core, or from woven or non-woven fibers or strands produced from natural or 20 synthetic materials which are easily penetrated by body fluids. Thermoplastic polymer films made from polyethylene or poly propylene are preferred. Other acceptable covers are produced by laminating film and fiber substrates. It can be beneficial to provide apertures or to emboss (not shown) the cover 28 to 25 increase the rate at which the body fluids can penetrate down and into the absorbent core 20. The body-side adhesive 22 is positioned adjacent to the cover 28 in an open, substantially rectangular pattern of small discrete dots or adhesive members 30 so as to leave numerous 30 areas free from adhesive. The adhesive members 30 can have a surface area of about 0.03 square centimeters (cm 2 ) to about 20 2 2 2 cm and preferably about 0.15 cm to about 15 cm As measured from the body-facing surface 24 of the cover 28, the adhesive members 30 can have a thickness of about 0.01 35 millimeters to about 2 millimeters.

WO99/15123 PCTIUS98/19506 -8 The weights of adhesive are limited to less than about 1500 mg/in 2 , preferably less than about 800 mg/in 2 . The limi tations on weight of adhesive are important to provide the correct adhesive characteristics for applying directly to the 5 wearer's pudendal region. The dot pattern of Fig. 1 contains approximately the least amount of body-side adhesive 22 required to obtain sufficient adherence to achieve the desired result and provide a satisfac tory removal comfort. Generally, the adhesive 22 is secured to 10 less than about 90 percent of the area of the body-facing surface 24, preferably less than about 70 percent of the area, and most preferably less than about 20 percent of the area. A suitable adhesive pattern may be selected for applying the adhesive 22 to the body-facing surface 24 of the sanitary 15 napkin 10, such that it is consistent with the concentration of adhesive 22 desired on the body-facing surface 24 yet allowing the sanitary napkin 10 to retain the requisite amount of absorbency. For example, adhesive patterns can be oval, swirls, various linear or non-linear arrays of adhesive longi 20 tudinally, and/or transversely oriented and reticulated webs having unobstructed interstices between the adhesive fibers or combinations thereof. The adhesive patterns may be open or closed. By "open" is meant that the adhesive can have an intermittent or continuous pattern which does not substantially 25 cover one or more of the transverse ends 16 and/or 18 of the sanitary napkin 10. "Closed" means the adhesive would encircle the absorbent core 20. Preferably, the pattern of the adhesive 22 substantially corresponds to the configuration of the absorbent core 20. 30 Adhesive 22 is applied in a pattern which is symmetrical about an axis which bisects the sanitary napkin 10 and divides the sanitary napkin 10 into substantially equal portions. This symmetrical pattern provides the wearer a balanced feel when wearing the sanitary napkin 10. The symmetrical pattern also WO 99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -9 reduces the perception of any associated discomfort when the sanitary napkin 10 is removed from the body. The adhesive 22 can be applied to the body-facing surface 24 by screen printing or extruding the adhesive 22 from one or 5 more nozzles onto the body-facing surface 24 as described in the commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 4,995,333 issued to Keller et al. on February 26, 1991. The article of the present invention provides a hot melt adhesive for bonding to sensitive areas of the human body. The 10 article of the present invention provides a hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive which adheres well to the human skin and hair and which can be removed without causing painful discom fort. The article of the present invention includes a hot melt 15 pressure sensitive adhesive which comprises at least one block copolymer and a liquid diluent, the adhesive being character ized by a midblock Tg of less than -100 C., a G' (storage modulus) less than 15x10 4 dynes/cm 2 at 10 rad/s. (250 C.), generally at least 1x10 4 and preferably 4 to 10x10 4 dynes/cm 2 ; 20 a G" (loss modulus) of 1 to 6x10 4 dynes/cm 2 and a tensile strength greater than 10 psi exhibit superior properties, these properties being obtained without the need for any curing operation after cooling. In one aspect, the article of the present invention 25 includes a hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive comprising 1 to 20 parts of a high molecular weight rubber triblock or radial block copolymer, 0 to 20 parts high molecular weight diblock rubber, 0 to 10 parts by weight of other compatible high molecular weight polymers; 0 to 30 parts by weight end block 30 resin; 60 to 95 parts by weight oil or other liquid midblock diluent; 0 to 50 parts by weight of a solid tackifier which is compatible with the polymer midblock, and 0 to 3 parts by weight anti-oxidant; the parts to total 100 parts by weight.

WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -10 As used herein, the term "high molecular weight rubbers" are those with a viscosity at 250 C. of above 1,000 centipoise in toluene at a concentration of 20% by weight. In the case of the high viscosity triblock copolymers 5 employed herein, they may have the more general configuration A-B-A wherein the polymer blocks A are non-elastomeric polymer blocks which, as homopolymers, have glass transition tempera tures above 200 C., while the elastomeric polymer blocks B are isoprene, or butadiene which may be partially or substantially 10 hydrogenated or mixtures thereof. Further, the copolymers may be linear or branched. Typical branched structures contain an elastomeric portion with at least three branches which can radiate out from a central hub or can be otherwise coupled together. The non-elastomeric blocks may comprise homopolymers 15 or copolymers of vinyl monomers such as vinyl arenes, vinyl pyridines, vinyl halides, and vinyl carboxylates, as well as acrylic monomers such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and esters of acrylic acids. Monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbons include particularly those of the benzene series such as 20 styrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl xylene, ethyl vinyl benzene as well as dicyclic monovinyl compounds such as vinyl naphthalene and the like. Other non-elastomeric polymer blocks may be derived from alpha olefins, alkylene oxides, acetals, or urethanes. Styrene is preferred. 25 The elastomeric block component making up the remainder of the copolymer is isoprene or butadiene which may be hydroge nated as taught, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,700,633. This hydrogenation of butadiene may be either partially or substan tially complete. Selected conditions may be employed for 30 example to hydrogenate the elastomeric butadiene block while not so modifying the vinyl arene polymer blocks. Other condi tions may be chosen to hydrogenate substantially uniformly along the polymer chain, both the elastomeric and non-elasto meric blocks thereof being hydrogenated to practically the same 35 extent, which may be either partial or substantially complete.

WO99/15123 PCTIUS98/19506 -11 Hydrogenated polymers are preferred to minimize degradation during processing, which is a more severe problem with higher molecular weight polymers The high viscosity triblock copolymer of the invention can 5 have a broad range of non-elastomeric end block to elastomeric center block ratio of approximately about 5:95 or less to about 40:60 or higher. Examples of high viscosity triblock copoly mers which can be utilized to achieve one or more of the novel properties of the present invention are styrene-ethylene 10 butylene-styrene block copolymers (SEBS) available from Shell Chemical Company and Pecten Chemical Company (divisions of Shell Oil Company) under trade designations Kraton G 1651. Kraton G 1654, Kraton G 4600, Kraton G 4609 and the like. Other grades of (SEBS) polymers can also be utilized in the 15 present invention provided such SEBS polymers exhibit the required high viscosity. Such SEBS polymers include high viscosity Kraton G 1855X which has a Specific Gravity of 0.92, Brookfield Viscosity of a 25 weight percent solids solution in toluene at 250 C. of about 40,000 cps or about 8,000 to about 20 20,000 cps at a 20 weight percent solids solution in toluene at 250 C. Although the typical ratio values for Kraton G 1651, 4600, and 4609 are approximately about 33:67 and for Kraton G 1855X approximately about 27:73, as noted previously, these ratios can vary broadly from the typical product specification 25 values. It is preferred that the adhesive additionally contain 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 8, parts by weight of a high molecular weight (i.e., viscosity >1000 cps at 250 C. at 20% in toluene) diblock polymer of the general A-B configuration where A and B 30 are as described previously. Preferred are Kraton G 1701X or 1702X which are both styrene ethylene propylene diblock poly mers. Kraton G1702X is most preferred. While it is preferred the formulation contain some diblock polymer, the diblock may be replaced entirely or in part with 35 another high molecular weight polymer which is compatible with WO99/15123 PCTIUS98/19506 -12 the system. For example, polyisobutylene (e.g., Vistanex from Exxon), polyisoprene (e.g., from Kuraray), or styrene/butadiene copolymer (e.g., Plioflex from Goodyear) may be used in amounts of about 2 to 10 parts by weight. 5 As will be described herein below, various additives are known to associate with the particular blocks (domains) of the block polymer(s), altering the behavior of those portions accordingly. In more detail, the mid-block portion or domain (i.e., the "B-block") of the polymer generally has a very low 10 Tg (e g., on the order of about -500 C.). As other mid-block compatible components such as plasticizing oils and tackifiers are added, these components associate with the B domains swelling them and generally resulting in a change in the Tg thereof. For most pressure sensitive adhesive applications, a 15 Tg in the range of about 00 C. to 250 C., preferably about 150 C., is desirable. However, for use herein mid-block Tg ranges of less than about -10' C. are required. Thus, there is also present in the adhesive about 60 to 95 parts by weight, preferably 70 to 80 parts, of an oil or other 20 liquid diluent which is primarily aliphatic in character and is compatible with the polymer midblock. Included in these materi als are plasticizers such as paraffinic and naphthenic petro leum oils, highly refined aromatic-free paraffinic and naph thenic food and technical grade white petroleum mineral oils, 25 and liquid tackifiers such as the synthetic liquid oligomers of polybutene, polypropene, and polyterpene. The synthetic series process oils are high viscosity oligomers which are permanently fluid liquid monolefins, isoparaffins, or paraffins of moderate to high molecular weight. Liquid plasticizing or tackifying 30 diluents include polyterpenes such as Wingtack 10 available from Goodyear, and Escorez 2520 based on a CS feed stream available from Exxon Chemical. Other liquid diluents would include polyisoprene, available as LIR 50 from Kuraray, Amoco's polybutenes available under the name Indopol. Most preferred WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -13 are paraffinic oils in combination with Escorez 2520, a poly merized C5 petroleum feed stream. There may also be present up to 50 parts, preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight of a solid tackifier (i.e., one having a 5 Ring and Ball softening point above 250 C.) which is compatible with the midblock. Suitable tackifiers include any compatible resins or mixtures thereof such as (1) natural or modified rosins such, for example, as gum rosin, wood rosin, tall-oil rosin, distilled rosin, hydrogenated rosin, dimerized rosin and 10 polymerized rosin; (2) glycerol and pentaerythritol esters of natural or modified rosins, such, for example as the glycerol ester of pale, wood rosin, the glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin, the glycerol ester of polymerized rosin, the penta erythritol ester of hydrogenated rosin, and the phenolic 15 modified pentaerythritol ester of rosin; (3) copolymers and terpolymers of natural terpenes, e.g., styrene/ terpene and alpha methyl styrene/terpene; (4) polyterpene resins having a softening point, as determined by ASTM method E28,58T, of from about 800 to 1500 C.; the latter polyterpene resins generally 20 resulting from the polymerization of terpene hydrocarbons, such as the bicyclic monoterpene known as pinene, in the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalysts at moderately low temperatures; also included are the hydrogenated polyterpene resins; (5) phenolic modified terpene resins and hydrogenated derivatives thereof, 25 for example, as the resin product resulting from the condensa tion, in an acidic medium, of a bicyclic terpene and phenol; (6) aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon resins having a Ball and Ring softening point of from about 700 to 1350 C.; the latter resins resulting from the polymerization of monomers consisting 30 of primarily of olefins and diolefins; also included are the hydrogenated aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon resins; (7) alicyclic petroleum hydrocarbon resins and the hydrogenated derivatives thereof; and (8) aliphatic/aromatic or cycloaliphatic/aromatic copolymers and their hydrogenated 35 derivatives.

WO99/15123 PCTIUS98/19506 -14 Preferred tackifiers for use herein include polyterpenes such as Wingtack 95 from Goodyear; aliphatic resins such as Hercures C from Hercules; cycloaliphatic resins such as East otac H100 from Eastman; and aliphatic/aromatic or 5 cycloaliphatic/aromatic resins such as ECR 149B or ECR 179A from Exxon Chemical. Most preferred are the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic resins while the least desirable are the rosin esters or phenolic modified polyterpenes. The desirability and selection of the particular tackfying 10 agent is, in large part, dependent upon the specific block copolymer employed. Additionally, the adhesive may incorporate up to 30 parts by weight of an end block resin. End block resins are those resins which reside predominantly in the non-elastomer domains 15 of the rubber after the adhesive is cooled. Representative of such resins are the primarily aromatic resins based on mixed C9 petroleum distillation streams such as the Hercures materials available from Hercules, or resins based on pure or mixed monomer streams of aromatic monomers such as homo or copolymers 20 of vinyl toluene, styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, coumarone or indene. Preferred are those based on alpha-methyl styrene available from Hercules under the Kristalex trade name. lf present, the end block resin is generally used in an amount of 5 to 30 parts by weight, preferably less than 20 parts. 25 Optionally there may also be present 0 to 5% by weight of a wax component such as the polyethylene waxes available from Allied-Signal under the A-C symbol. If used, the wax is generally present in an amount of at least 2 parts by weight. Finally, antioxidants typically used in the production of 30 rubber based pressure sensitive adhesives may be present in an amount up to about 3 parts by weight. Among the applicable stabilizers or antioxidants utilized herein are included high molecular weight hindered phenols and multi-functional phenols such as sulfur and phosphorous-containing phenols. Hindered 35 phenols may be characterized as phenolic compounds which also WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -15 contain sterically bulky radicals in close proximity to the phenolic hydroxyl group hereof. In particular, tertiary butyl groups generally are substituted onto the benzene ring in at least one of the ortho positions relative to the phenolic 5 hydroxy group. The presence of these sterically bulky substi tuted radicals in the vicinity of the hydroxyl group serves to retard its stretching frequency and, correspondingly, its reactivity. This steric hindrance thus provides the phenolic compound with its stabilizing properties. Representative 10 hindered phenols include: 1,3,5-trimethyl 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzyl) benzene; pentaerythrityl tetrakis 3(3,5-di-tert-butyl- = hydroxyphenyl)-propionate; 4,4' methylenebis (2,6-tertbutylphenol); 4,4'-Thiobis (6-tert-butyl o-cresol); 2,6-di-tertbutylphenol; 6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-2,4 15 bis(n-octylthio)-l, 2,5-triazine; di-n-octadecyl3,5-di-tert butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphonate; 2-(n-octylthio)ethyl 3,5 ditert-butyl4-hydroxybenzoate; and sorbitol hexa[3-(3,5-ditert butyl4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate]. The triblock rubber provides the set of the adhesive into 20 a gelatinous solid, while the diblock rubber improves the tack of the formulation, as does the liquid resin. The substitution of liquid resin for oil also inhibits bleed into the release paper against which the adhesive is stored. The end block resin also provides strength to the adhesive formulation while 25 lowering its melt viscosity by reducing the self-association of the rubber end blocks when molten. In formulating the adhe sives, predominately liquid diluents are used to ensure a low Tg for the matrix (midblock portion) of the formulation. A low Tg leads to fast polymer relaxation times which in turn lead to 30 low pain upon removal of the adhesive. The adhesive may be prepared from about 10 parts of polymer, equally split between triblock and diblock, preferably Kraton G 1651 and Kraton G1702, respectively. These rubbers are used in combination with 5 to 30 parts, preferably 10-20 35 parts, of end block resin, with Kristalex a-methyl styrene WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -16 resins most preferred. The remainder of the product is diluent and tackifier. The lower the blend Tg of the remainder, the less tack and lower peel the adhesive will exhibit. Preferably the remainder is liquid diluent, either oil or a blend of oil 5 and liquid tackifier. Most preferred is about a 50/50 blend of a paraffin oil (such as Kaydol available from Witco) and liquid tackifier. The most preferred liquid tackifier is Escorez 2520, a polymerized C, petroleum feed stream which has a Tg of -160 C. A particularly preferred hot melt adhesive 10 composition comprises 3 to 8 parts of the triblock polymer, 3 to 8 parts diblock, 5 to 30 parts end block resin, the remain der (to 100 parts) comprising a liquid diluent, a liquid tackifier and optionally a solid tackifier such that the blend of the diluent and tackifier(s) exhibits a Ring and Ball 15 softening point below 250 C. A Rheometrics Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (Model RDA 700 or RDSII) may be used to obtain the elastic (G') and loss (G3") moduli versus temperature. The instrument can be controlled by Rhios software version 4.3.2. The shear storage or elastic 20 modulus (G') and the shear loss modulus (G3") are calculated by the software from torque and strain data. Their ratio, G"/G', also known as the tan delta, then is calculated. The novel adhesive in accordance with the article of the present invention is a pressure sensitive hot melt adhesive, 25 characterized as having specific rheological properties. Rheological analysis determines viscoelastic properties of the polymers. Further explanations of polymer rheology and mea surement may be found in Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers, John D. Ferry, John Wiley & Sons, third edition, pages 264-280 30 (1980); "Studies of Triblock Copolymer-Tackifying Resin Inter actions by Viscoelasticity and Adhesive Performance," Mun Fu Tse, Journal of Adhesion Science Technology, Vol. 3 No. 7, pages 551-570 (1989); and test procedure ASTM-D 4440-84 the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference and 35 made a part hereof.

WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -17 It is critical to the article of the present invention that the adhesive have a rheology property, tan delta (refer enced to 200 Centigrade), ranging from about 0.01 to about 0.6 and preferably from about 0.06 to about 0.48 and most prefera 5 bly from about 0.06 to about 0.40 at a frequency of about 0.1 radians per second and a tan delta ranging from about 0.1 to about 1.7, preferably from about 0.20 to about 1.5 and most preferably from about 0.6 to about 1.5 at a frequency of about 1000 radians per second. 10 The novel adhesive in accordance with the article of the present invention has a tan delta, (referenced to 200 Centi grade), inside the Quadrangle ABCD between the frequency range of about 0.1 radians per second to about 1000 radians per second, as seen in Fig. 3. The sides defining the Quadrangle 15 ABCD are determined by plotting as points A, D, B and C the crucial range of tan delta described above at the lower and upper frequencies, i.e., 0.1 radians/second and 1000 radi ans/second, respectively. Generally, adhesives having a tan delta outside of the Quadrangle ABCD provide insufficient 20 adhesion to support the sanitary napkin 10 to the wearer or not allowing the sanitary napkin 10 to be comfortably removed. For example, referring to Fig. 3, adhesives having tan delta values below line AB at frequencies of about 0.1 to about 100 radians per second lack sufficient flow and wet-out characteristics to 25 provide initial adhesion or quick-stick of the sanitary napkin 10 to the body. Adhesives having a tan delta below line AB at frequencies of about 150 to about 1000 radians per second lack sufficient adhesion to keep the sanitary napkin 10 securely and comfortably attached to the body of the wearer during use. 30 Adhesives having tan delta values greater than line CD, at frequencies of about 0.1 radians per second to about 100 radians per second lack sufficient cohesive strength to remain in place on the sanitary napkin 10 during storage, use and removal. While adhesives having a tan delta greater than line 35 CD at frequencies of about 150 to about 1000 radians per second WO99/15123 PCTUS98/19506 -18 cause discomfort during removal of the soiled sanitary napkin 10. The novel adhesive in accordance with the article of the present invention has a Secondary Transition Frequency peak 5 within the Quadrangle ABCD and a Primary Transition Frequency peak at a frequency greater than about 1000 radians per second. The "Primary Transition Frequency" and "Secondary Transition Frequency" peaks are determined by amplitude. The peak having the greater amplitude is the primary peak regardless of its 10 occurrence in the frequency sweep. The peaks are determined by graphically plotting, on a log/log scale, the frequency (in radians per second) versus tan delta (referenced to 20 0 C.) of the adhesive 22 using a time-temperature superposition master curve between the frequencies of about 0.001 and 107 radians 15 per second. These curves are determined using a Rheometrics Dynamic Spectrometer (RDS II E), which can be obtained from Rheometrics, Inc. located at 1 Possum Town Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854. The rheological quantities for tan delta are measured on bulk adhesive samples not suspended on any sub 20 strate and having a thickness of approximately 2 to 3 millime ters. The adhesive was cut into a 25 millimeter diameter circle and placed between two 25 millimeter parallel plate fixtures of the Rheometrics Dynamic Spectrometer. The upper platen was lowered onto the sample until the normal force meter 25 indicates a slight deflection. The samples are allowed to equilibrate at a selected test temperature before analyzing. A minicomputer governs the application of a 1% peak-to-peak shear strain to the sample. The frequency of the application can be controlled to a fraction of a radian/sec. The values of the 30 loss tangent (tan delta) are calculated from geometry factors, peak-to-peak amplitude of the torque signal, and phase lag of the torque output wave. Typically, a computer using Rhios software available from Rheometrics, Inc. is used to control the operation of the apparatus and to calculate values for 35 time-temperature superposition using known techniques.

WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -19 Frequency sweeps from 0.1 rad/s to 100 rad/s are run at 10o increments from -60 0 C to 120 0 C. The Rhios software shifts the curves relative to a reference temperature of 20 0 C. From these shifted curves, a "master" curve can be generated. 5 The article of the present invention incorporates an adhesive having a peel force ranging from about 50 grams to about 750 grams at a peel rate of about 50 millimeters per minute to about 3500 millimeters per minute. Peel strength data were obtained by preparing adhesive 10 test laminates as follows. The adhesive was coated onto a substrate such as a silicone coated release paper. The adhe sive pattern used for conducting the tests was two (2) lines of adhesive each approximately 6 mm wide running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the substrate. The adhesive lines were 15 spaced about 38 millimeters apart and equidistant from the center of the laminate. The adhesive was slot coated onto a substrate using techniques known in the art. The adhesive/ substrate was then contacted with a nonwoven material, spunbond polypropylene. The spunbond had a basis weight of 0.6 ounces 20 per square yard. The substrate/spunbond laminate was subjected to a pressure ranging from about 35 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) to about 80 psig from a heated nip roller to ensure adequate transfer of the adhesive onto the spunbond material. The nip temperature ranged from about 250 Centigrade 25 to about 1500 Centigrade. Total adhesive add on to the spun bond was approximately 263 grams per square meter. Surface area covered by the adhesive was approximately 16-25 percent. The substrate was then removed and the adhesive laminates were then tested for peel strength. 30 The peel strength of the adhesive was determined using a modified Pressure Sensitive Tape Council 1800 peel resistance test (PSTC-1) described below. PSTC-1 is a standardized test procedure that is described in greater detail on page 23 of the tenth edition of Test Methods copyright 1992, available from 35 Pressure Sensitive Tape Council 401 North Michigan Ave., WO99/15123 PCTIUS98/19506 -20 Chicago, Ill. 60611-4267 the disclosure of which is incorpo rated herein and made a part hereof. The peel adhesion values were determined according to the following procedure. A double sided adhesive tape of approximately 13 millime 5 ters wide was secured to the top and bottom edges of a stain less steel test plate having dimensions of about 100 millime ters wide and 152 millimeters long. The adhesive tape was 3M #665 available from the 3M Corporation located in St. Paul, Minnesota. A polyethylene film 0.05 millimeters thick, male 10 embossed, was secured to the double sided tape with male embossed side as the test surface. The polyethylene film is available from Edison Plastic, located in Washington, Georgia. One end of the spunbond, i.e. the end that will be the leading end, was rigidly secured to a leading strip of non-stretchable 15 material. The leading strip should be stronger than the peel strength of the adhesive. The test sample was pressed down on the polyethylene film with a 2043 gram mechanical roller, (available from Chemsultant International, Mentor, Ohio). The 180' peel was then immediately conducted on a Materials Test 20 System model 810 available from MTS Corp., Minneapolis, MN 55424. When placing the test specimen in the tester, the jaws of the tester were initially set 17.78 cm apart. The steel test panel was secured in the stationary jaw (1.27 cm) with the unsecured leading strip extending past the position of the 25 stationary jaw. The leading strip was then doubled back and clamped in a centered arrangement within the moving jaw of the tester. The tester was activated to conduct the 1800 peel test. The moving jaw travelled a total distance of 20.32 cm, with the adhesive tested in the middle 10.16 cm. The MTS can 30 be programed to control the peel rate using a microprofiler model 458.91. While the invention has been described in conjunction with a specific embodiment, it is to be understood that many alter natives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to 35 those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description.

WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -21 Accordingly, this invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. What is claimed is:

Claims

1. A sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive, comprising: a) an absorbent core having at least one major surface to be positioned against a wearer's pudendal region; and b) a hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive secured to said 5 major surface, wherein said adhesive is positioned on the body facing side of said major surface, said adhesive comprising at least one block copolymer and a liquid diluent, the adhesive being characterized by a midblock Tg of less than -100 C., a G' (storage modulus) less than 15x10 4 dynes/cm 2 at 10 rad/s. (250 10 C.), a G" (loss modulus) of 1 to 6x10 4 dynes/cm 2 , a tensile strength greater than 10 psi, and which adhesive requires no subsequent curing operation after cooling.

2. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 1 wherein said adhesive comprises 1 to 20 parts of a high molecu 15 lar weight rubber triblock or radial block copolymer, 0 to 20 parts high molecular weight diblock rubber, 0 to 10 parts by weight of other compatible high molecular weight polymers; 0 to 30 parts by weight end block resin; 60 to 95 parts by weight oil or other liquid midblock diluent; 0 to 40 parts by weight 20 of a solid tackifier which is compatible with the polymer midblock, 0 to 5 parts wax, and 0 to 3 parts by weight anti oxidant; the parts to total 100 parts by weight.

3. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 1 25 wherein said major surface has a longitudinal dimension less than 9 inches and a transverse dimension less than 3.5 inches.

4. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 1 wherein said adhesive has a primary Transition Frequency peak greater than about 1000 radians per second. 30

5. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 1 wherein said major surface has a predetermined area and said adhesive is secured to less than about 20 percent of said area. WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -23

6. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 5 wherein said adhesive has a thickness less than 2 millimeters.

7. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 5 wherein said adhesive is applied to provide an adhesive weight 5 less than about 1500 mg/in 2

8. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 5 wherein said adhesive is symmetrical about an axis wherein said axis bisects said sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive, into substantially equal portions. 10

9. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 7 wherein said adhesive is applied in a pattern which substan tially corresponds to the configuration of said sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive.

10. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 1 15 further comprising a liquid-permeable cover and said adhesive is secured to said cover.

11. The sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive of claim 4 wherein said adhesive has a secondary peak between a frequency range of about 0.1 and about 1000 radians per second. 20

12. The sanitary napkin of claim 11 wherein said adhesive has a peel force ranging from about 50 grams to about 750 grams at a peel rate of about 50 millimeters per minute to about 3500 millimeters per minute.

13. A catamenial device having a body-side adhesive, compris 25 ing: a) a cover having a body-facing surface and a garment facing surface; WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -24 b) an absorbent core adjacent to said garment-facing surface; and c) a pressure sensitive adhesive secured to said body facing surface, wherein said adhesive referenced to about 200C. 5 has a rheological property tan delta ranging from about 0.01 to about 0.6 at a frequency of about 0.1 radians per second and a tan delta ranging from about 0.1 to about 1.7 at a frequency of about 1000 radians per second.

14. The catamenial device having a body-side adhesive of claim 10 13 wherein said adhesive is a hot melt adhesive and said body facing surface is limited in dimension to the wearer's pudendal region.

15. The catamenial device having a body-side adhesive of claim 14 wherein said body-facing surface is secured to less than 15 about 90 percent of the body-facing surface area.

16. The catamenial device having a body-side adhesive of claim 15 wherein said adhesive includes an array of independent adhesive members, said members each having a surface area between about 0.03 cm 2 to about 20 cm 2 and a thickness of about 20 0.01 millimeters to about 2 millimeters.

17. The catamenial device having a body-side adhesive of claim 16 wherein said adhesive has a peel force ranging from about 50 grams to about 750 grams at a peel rate of about 50 millimeters per minute to about 3500 millimeters per minute. 25

18. The catamenial device having a body-side adhesive of claim 17 wherein tan delta of said graphical plot of said adhesive has a primary Transition Frequency peak at a frequency greater than about 1000 radians per second. WO99/15123 PCT/US98/19506 -25

19. The catamenial device having a body-side adhesive of claim 18 wherein tan delta of said graphical plot of said adhesive has a secondary Transition Frequency peak between a frequency range of about 0.1 and about 1000 radians per second. 5

20. A sanitary napkin having a body-side adhesive, comprising: a) a cover having a garment-facing surface and a body facing surface having a longitudinal dimension less than 9 inches and a transverse dimension less than 3.5 inches; b) an absorbent core adjacent to said garment-facing 10 surface of said cover; and c) a hot melt, pressure sensitive adhesive secured to less than about 20 percent of said body-facing surface, said adhe sive having an adhesive weight less than 1500 mg per square inch and a tan delta residing inside a quadrangle ABCD wherein 15 said quadrangle ABCD is defined by graphically plotting fre quency in radians per second versus tan delta referenced to about 200 Centigrade of said adhesive, said quadrangle ABCD having as points A and D a tan delta of about 0.01 and about 0.6 respectively at a frequency of about 0.1 radians per second 20 and points B and C at a tan delta of about 0.1 and about 1.7 respectively at a frequency of about 1000 radians per second.