AU783067B2

AU783067B2 - A method of improving the drying time of a thick coating

Info

Publication number: AU783067B2
Application number: AU71803/00A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Donald Craig Schall; Jeffrey Joseph Sobczak
Original assignee: Rohm and Haas Co
Current assignee: Rohm and Haas Co
Priority date: 1999-12-03
Filing date: 2000-11-23
Publication date: 2005-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-23
Also published as: MXPA00011859A; CN1298769A; KR100810945B1; CN101104165A; EP1118391B1; EP1118391A3; DE60018698T2; KR20010085259A; ATE290931T1; JP2001214409A; SG85220A1; CN100351022C; ES2237390T3; EP1118391A2; DE60018698D1; US6645552B1; BR0005683A; AU7180300A

Abstract

A method is disclosed of improving the drying time of a thick, exterior, waterborne coating containing a quick-setting binder by applying the coating as at least two separate layers and as "wet-on-wet" layers.

Description

This invention relates to a method of improving the drying time of a thick, aqueous coating. More particularly, this invention relates to a method of improving the drying time of a thick, aqueous coating containing a quick-setting binder by applying the coating as at least two separate layers.

Coatings may be applied as a thick layer a wet thickness of at least 0.4 mm) to improve durability and to improve certain properties including sound dampening, insulating, and hiding and protecting the underlying substrate. Typically, applications where thick coatings may be needed include roof coatings and road-marking or traffic paints. One of the drawbacks of applying a thick coating is that the drying time is too long. This is particularly problematic for exterior coating applications where temperature and humidity are variable and the weather is unpredictable. Further exacerbating this problem is the need in such applications as road-marking paints to permit traffic to pass over the freshly-painted marking in as short a period of time as practicable.

S 20 The coating industry is replete with chemistries and methods for accelerating the drying time of products used in such exterior, thick coatings. A number of products utilize solvent-based fast-drying coatings.

Low-boiling volatile organic solvents evaporate rapidly after application of the coating on the road to provide the desired fast drying characteristics of S 25 a freshly applied road marking. However, in addition to releasing volatile organic solvents into the environment, this type of paint formulation tends to expose the workers to the vapors of the organic solvents. Because of these shortcomings and increasingly stringent environmental mandates from governments and communities, it is highly desirable to develop more environmentally-friendly coatings while retaining fast drying properties and/or characteristics.

Much effort has been directed to developing aqueous or waterborne coating systems. Primarily due to a combination of high boiling point, high latent heat of vaporization, high polarity, and strong hydrogen bonding of water, drying times of waterborne coatings are generally longer than those exhibited by the organic solvent-based coatings. The drying time strongly depends on the relative humidity of the atmosphere in which the coatings are applied. An aqueous paint may take several hours or more to dry in high humidity. The problem of retarded drying rate is especially aggravated for more thickly applied traffic paint. Long drying times severely limit the desirability of using aqueous paints, particularly traffic paints and road marking paints because of longer traffic disruptions.

In an attempt to produce aqueous coatings with shorter drying times, fast or quick drying or setting coatings, methods utilizing salt, or acid, or combinations thereof to induce coagulation have been devised, as have pH sensitive binder systems. Such coatings include those disclosed in the following published patent applications and granted patents: EP-A-0,066,108 discloses an aqueous road marking composition in which the binder is a mixture of a pure acrylic resin, a carboxylated styrene/dibutyl fumarate copolymer and a polymeric, polyfunctional amine such as polypropylene imine.

EP-B-0,322,188 discloses aqueous coating compositions containing film forming latex polymer, weak base-functional synthetic latex polymer and volatile base.

EP-B-0,409,459 discloses an aqueous coating composition including an anionically stabilized emulsion polymer having Tg no lower than OoC, a polyamine functional polymer, and a volatile base in an amount such that the composition has a pH where substantially all of the polyamine functional polymer is in a non-ionic state, and wherein more than 50% by weight of the polyamine functional polymer will be soluble at pH values of 5 to 7 on evaporation of the volatile base. In the non-ionic state deprotonated), polyamine interaction with the anionically stabilized emulsion and any other anionic ingredients which may be present in the composition is eliminated. The volatile base must be volatile enough to be released under air drying conditions. In the absence of the volatile base, the protonated amine moieties interact with the anionic ingredients to destabilize the coating composition.

US-A-5,804,627 discloses methods of producing fast drying coatings on exterior surfaces that include applying on those surfaces an aqueous composition including an anionically stabilized emulsion polymer having a Tg greater than about OOC, a polyamine functional polymer having from about 20% to about 100% of the monomer units by weight containing an amine group, and an amount of volatile base sufficient to raise the pH of the composition to a point where essentially all of the polyamine functional polymer is in a non-ionic state, and evaporating the volatile base to produce the coating.

US-A-5,922,398 discloses waterborne coating compositions containing latex particles having pendant amine-functional groups.

20 The latex particles have Tg greater than about OOC and are capable of film formation at application temperatures. An amount of base ammonia) is added to raise the pH of the composition to a point where essentially all of the amine functional groups are in a non-ionic state. Upon formation of a film, the base evaporates, $*ooo 25 allowing the pendant amine moieties to become protonated. The resultant pendant ammonium moieties then interact with anionic surfactants to destabilize the aqueous system and, thereby, speed drying.

US-A-5,824,734 discloses a waterborne coating composition including an amine functional latex polymer having 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on solid weight of polymer, of a secondary or tertiary amino acrylate, a crosslinking monomer, and less than 5% by P:OPERAxd\2362431 rspl.doc-207A)5 -4weight of hydrophilic monomers. The composition also includes mineral pigments.

The amine functional latex polymer is prepared at pH of at least 7. Following polymerization, the pH is adjusted upward, preferably to between 8 and 9.5, to maintain the stability of the system. Upon reducing the pH, the stability of the dispersion of polymer particles and mineral pigment particles is decreased, leading to precipitation of the polymer and mineral particles and drying.

US-A-5,947,632 discloses waterborne coating compositions including a number of general categories of materials including talc, hollow sphere polymer, a solid polymer ion exchange resin beads in acid, sodium or potassium form) and inorganic compounds inorganic superabsorbent gel, Sumica gel). These materials share the characteristic that they speed the drying of coatings when applied either in the same first step with the waterborne binder, or in a subsequent step.

There is, however, a continuing need for improved methods, particularly those at minimal expense which accelerate the drying time of thick, exterior, aqueous coatings.

Statement of the Invention A method of preparing an exterior coating, said method comprising the steps of: 20 preparing a waterbome coating formulation containing a quick-setting binder, wherein said quick-setting binder is a binder selected from the group consisting o; of: a binder comprising an anionically stabilized polymer having Tg of greater than 0

C;

(ii) a polyamine functional polymer formed from amine monomer or imine monomer; and (iii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate acid of said polyamine functional polymer; and a binder comprising P.%OPERLW236243i rcspI.doc-2MIj7S a polyamine functional polymer comprising a latex polymer having pendant amine-functional groups, and optionally pendant acidfunctional groups, wherein such latex polymer has a Tg of at least -10 0 C; and (ii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate acid of said polyamine functional polymer; applying a first portion of said coating formulation to a substrate to form a first wet coating, wherein said first portion is 25% to 75% by weight, based on the weight of said total coating formulation; applying at least one second portion of said coating formulation to said first wet coating before said first wet coating has dried to form at least one second wet coating, wherein said at least one second portion is a single application and is to 75% by weight, based on the weight of said total coating formulation; and permitting said first wet coating and said at least one second coating to dry; wherein the total thickness of said first wet coating and said at least one second wet coating is 0.4 mm to 5.0 mm In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method employs a first portion at a level of 50% by weight, based on the weight of the total coating formulation, and a single 20 second portion at a level of 50% by weight, based on the weight of the total coating formulation.

In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the method further includes a step of applying an absorber to the substrate before or after the application of the first wet coating, including before or after the application of any second or subsequent coating.

As used herein, the term "aqueous" means a composition containing greater than by weight, preferably 70% by weight and most preferably 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of water as the vehicle for the coating formulation.

PA0PER\'Axd\362431 ,I pl.dc.2/75 -6- Thus, coating formulations containing up to 40 by weight of an organic solvent are within the scope of the definition.

As used herein, the term "road" is used as a generic term and includes any indoor or outdoor solid surface which is or may be exposed to pedestrians, moving vehicles, tractors, or aircrafts continuously, constantly or intermittently. Some non-limiting examples of a "road" include highways, streets, driveways, sidewalks, runways, taxiing areas, tarmac areas, parking lots, rooftops, indoor floors (such as factory floors, inside a shopping mall), and others. The surface material may be masonry, tar, asphalt, resins, concrete, cement, stone, stucco, tiles, wood, polymeric materials and combination thereof.

The method of the present invention may be used for improving the drying time of traffic paints, road markings, house paints, maintenance coatings for exterior or interior surfaces of buildings, walls, roofs, and other structures. The surface of the substrate may be wood, metal (such as aluminum, steel and others) polymers, plaster and others. Other applications include coating metal substrates present in a wide variety of manufactured articles such as signs, boats and cars. All of the substrates may already have one or more layers of existing coating or paint which may be fresh or aged.

The coating formulation may be applied to the surface of a substrate by a number of ways known to those having ordinary skill in the art. Some examples are brushing, spraying, extrusion, dipping and combinations thereof.

The coating formulations useful in the method of the present invention require the Spresence of a quick-setting binder.

According to the invention the quick-setting binder is selected from: a binder, such as an aqueous dispersion, including: an anionically stabilized polymer having Tg of at least -10 0

C;

25 (ii) a polyamine functional polymer formed from either amine or imine monomer; and (iii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate acid of the polyamine functional polymer; and a binder, such as an aqueous dispersion, including: a polyamine functional polymer that is a latex polymer having pendant amine-functional groups, wherein such latex polymer has a Tg of at least P:\OPERAxd2362431 rcsp.doc-2110703 -7- 0 C: and (ii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate acid of said polyamine functional polymer.

In addition to the quick-setting binder, the coating formulation may optionally contain an absorber that further accelerates the drying of the coating. Suitable absorbers include organic super absorbent polymers, ion-exchange resins, hollow sphere polymers, molecular sieves, talcs, inorganic absorbers such as inorganic superabsorbent gel and Sumica gel, porous carbonaceous materials, non-porous carbonaceous material and mixtures thereof.

The level of absorber used in the present invention is in the range of from 0.01% by weight to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the quick-setting binder. A preferred range is from 0.1% by weight to 70% by weight, more preferably from 1% by weight to 30% by weight.

**The coating formulation may also contain conventional coating components, 15 especially those used in thick, exterior coating applications, a *o* *o0 PXOPERAkdU36243I rcqVI dm.bv)7mS -8- THE NEXT PAGE IS PAGE 9 0 0*e*O 0 0 0** @0 0 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 *0@0 0 000 0000 0 0 0000 0 000000 0 00 0 00 00 0 including, but not limited to, thickeners; rheology modifiers; dyes; sequestering agents; biocides; dispersants; pigments, such as, titanium dioxide, organic pigments, carbon black; extenders, such as, calcium carbonate, talc, clays, silicas and silicates; fillers, such as glass or polymeric microspheres, quartz and sand; anti-freeze agents; plasticizers; adhesion promoters such as silanes; coalescents; wetting agents; surfactants; slip and anti-skid additives; crosslinking agents; defoamers; colorants; tackifiers; waxes; preservatives; freeze/thaw protectors; corrosion inhibitors; and anti-flocculants.

All ranges disclosed herein are inclusive and the minimums and maximums of the nested ranges are combinable.

Examples A paint formulation was prepared in accordance with Table I.

Table I Paint Formulation A Components Paint Formulation A (g) FASTRACKTM 2706 quick-setting binder from Rohm 460.1 and Haas Company, Philadelphia, PA (disclosed in EP-B-0,409,459)

TAMOL

m 901 dispersant (ammonium salt of a 7.2 polyelectrolyte) from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, PA

SURFYNOL

T M CT-136 acetylenic surfactant from Air 2.8 Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, PA DREWPLUST L-493 defoamer from Ashland Chemical Company, Drew Industrial Division, Boonton, NJ TI-PURETM R-900 titanium dioxide from E.I. duPont 100.0 de Nemours Company, Wilmington, DE calcium carbonate from Pluess- 760.6 Staufer Industries, Inc., Proctor, VT After 15 minutes, add Methanol 30.0 TEXANOL® solvent ester alcohol from Eastman 23.0 Chemicals, Kingsport, TN DREWPLUST L-493 defoamer from Ashland Chemical Company, Drew Industrial Division, Boonton, NJ NATROSOL® 250HR(2%) thickener from Hercules Inc.

Water 11.6 Total weight 1407.8 Paint Formulation A was evaluated using several different application methods. The drying time of each method was measured in following manner: applying 4-inch (0.1016 m) wide lines of each paint formulation to a specified wet film thickness over existing traffic markings; optionally, applying a subsequent portion of each paint formulation over the first portion applied while previous portion is wet (repeat this step for number of applications desired); at a specified time interval, driving a Ford Model F-350 pickup truck at about 20 mph (32 km/hour) over the lines; examining the surrounding road surface for white paint that was picked up by the truck tires and deposited elsewhere on the road surface; and indicating the time indicated when there was very little or no paint deposited on the road ("Time-to-No-Tracking").

The conditions and results are shown in Table II.

Table II Evaluation of Paint Formulation A 'Coating Method" 'First!Portion .df: Second Portion Total Absorber Dry to No Coating of Coating coating Tracking Formulation A Formulation thickness Time 1 At 1 0.762 mm (wet) 0.762 mm none 4 minutes (Comparative) 100% (wet) 2 0.381 mm (wet) 0.381 mm (wet) 0.762 mm none 2 minutes 50% (wet) 3 0.762 mm (wet) 0.762 mm ion exchange (Comparative) 100% (wet) resin* minutes 4 0.381 mm (wet) 0.381 mm 0.762 mm ion exchange (wet)50% (wet) resin* minutes tApplied about 0.5 seconds after first portion applied ("wet-on-wet") *Amberlite IR 120H ion exchange resin at 150 g/m 2 (applied between the first and second coating portions) available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia, PA We have unexpectedly discovered that drying time is significantly reduced by applying two separate coatings of paint ("wet-on-wet"), compared to a single coating of paint at the same total wet film thickness [Method 2 v. Method 1 (Comparative) and Method 4 v. Method 3 (Comparative)].

11 Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that that prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia.

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Claims

1. A method of preparing an exterior coating, said method comprising the steps of: preparing a waterborne coating formulation containing a quick-setting binder, wherein said quick-setting binder is a binder selected from the group consisting of: a binder comprising an anionically stabilized polymer having Tg of greater than 0 C; (ii) a polyamine functional polymer formed from amine monomer or imine monomer; and (iii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate acid of said polyamine functional polymer; and a binder comprising a polyamine functional polymer comprising a latex polymer having pendant amine-functional groups, and optionally pendant acid- functional groups, wherein such latex polymer has a Tg of at least -10 0 C; and (ii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate 20 acid of said polyamine functional polymer; applying a first portion of said coating formulation to a substrate to form a first wet coating, wherein said first portion is 25% to 75% by weight, based on the weight of said total coating formulation; applying at least one second portion of said coating formulation to said first wet coating before said first wet coating has dried to form at least one second wet coating, wherein said at least one second portion is a single application and is P \OPER\Axd\2362431 -dlaim doc-217/05

13- to 75% by weight, based on the weight of said total coating formulation; and permitting said first wet coating and said at least one second coating to dry; wherein the total thickness of said first wet coating and said at least one second wet coating is 0.4 mm to 5.0 mm. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said first portion is 50% by weight, based on the weight of the total coating formulation, and wherein said at least one second portion is 50% by weight, based on the weight of the total coating formulation. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said quick-setting binder comprises: a polyamine functional polymer comprising a latex polymer having pendant amine-functional groups, wherein such latex polymer has a Tg of at least -10 0 C; and (ii) a volatile base in an amount sufficient to deprotonate the conjugate acid of 15 said polyamine functional polymer. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step applying an absorber to said substrate before or after the application of said first wet coating, wherein said absorber is selected from the group consisting of ion exchange resin, hollow sphere polymer, molecular sieve, talc, inorganic superabsorbent gel, Sumica 20 gel, porous carbonaceous material, non-porous carbonaceous material, and mixtures thereof. A method of improving the drying time of an exterior coating substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples. PPE.A321 -dm m2IMM 14 6. An exterior coated substrate when coated by the method of any one of the preceding claims. DATED this 21st day of July 2005 Robin and Haas Company by DAVIES COLLISON CAVE Patent Attorneys for the applicant 0 0 0*0 0S 0 0 A 6 6 *060 6 0 00*0 *6 6 600 00*6 0 6666 6 666666 6 6* 6 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method is disclosed of improving the drying time of a thick, exterior, waterborne coating containing a quick-setting binder by applying the coating as at least two separate layers and as "wet-on-wet" layers. 00 4 0 *oo oo* oool *o