AU765278B2 - Method for clearing customer-specific entitlements on security modules in conditional access systems for pay services - Google Patents

Method for clearing customer-specific entitlements on security modules in conditional access systems for pay services Download PDF

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Publication number
AU765278B2
AU765278B2 AU28084/01A AU2808401A AU765278B2 AU 765278 B2 AU765278 B2 AU 765278B2 AU 28084/01 A AU28084/01 A AU 28084/01A AU 2808401 A AU2808401 A AU 2808401A AU 765278 B2 AU765278 B2 AU 765278B2
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Prior art keywords
customer
service
access
authorisation
release
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AU28084/01A
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AU2808401A (en
Inventor
Rolf Lakomy
Jorg Schwenk
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Deutsche Telekom AG
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Deutsche Telekom AG
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/355—Personalisation of cards for use
    • G06Q20/3552—Downloading or loading of personalisation data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/357—Cards having a plurality of specified features
    • G06Q20/3576—Multiple memory zones on card
    • G06Q20/35765—Access rights to memory zones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/409—Device specific authentication in transaction processing
    • G06Q20/4097—Device specific authentication in transaction processing using mutual authentication between devices and transaction partners
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/235—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
    • H04N21/2351—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors involving encryption of additional data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/26606—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel for generating or managing entitlement messages, e.g. Entitlement Control Message [ECM] or Entitlement Management Message [EMM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/418—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access
    • H04N21/4181—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access for conditional access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4623—Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6131—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a mobile phone network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/81—Monomedia components thereof
    • H04N21/8166—Monomedia components thereof involving executable data, e.g. software
    • H04N21/8193—Monomedia components thereof involving executable data, e.g. software dedicated tools, e.g. video decoder software or IPMP tool
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/162—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
    • H04N7/163—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing by receiver means only

Description

METHOD FOR CLEARING CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC ENTITLEMENTS ON SECURITY MODULES IN CONDITIONAL ACCESS SYSTEMS FOR PAY
SERVICES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a method for releasing customer-specific access authorisations in conditional access systems, for receiving chargeable services, such as pay TV, digital broadcasting data services in the DAB (digital audio broadcasting), DVB (digital video broadcasting), Swift (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications), video-on-demand, as well as any other digital services broadcast via radio broadcasting systems, with the use of security modules, such as smart cards, on which security algorithms and/or customer-specific access authorisations are stored in the form of software programs and data, according to the definition of the species in Claim 1.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1 5 Security modules in the form of smart cards are already in use today in many sectors where people, or machines, need to be granted authorised or conditional access to data, programs, or to other machines, when stipulated conditions or entitlements are satisfied pay TV). Other typical areas of application for smart cards include electronic payment arrangements, GSM telephony (global system for mobile telecommunications), or digital broadcasting data services such as DAB, DVB, Swift, and also, in the future, video-on-demand.
In modern conditional access systems, access is controlled almost exclusively through the use of smart cards that utilise chip card technology. These smart cards contain stored security algorithms and customer-specific entitlements to receive chargeable data services. In conditional access systems, content providers encounter the problem of wanting to reach more than one customer, but not all of them. Only authorised customers should be able to receive a service. These are customers who meet stipulated conditions by purchasing entitlements, for example by paying a monthly subscriber fee. Radio broadcast systems are used to transmit access authorisations of this kind. Therefore, there is a need to control access to certain information which is disseminated over broadcasting systems, but, in principle, can be received by everyone.
Conditional access systems, such as pay TV, protect such information from unauthorised access by scrambling, encrypting the program contents, by storing an authorisation to receive in the terminal's security module, and by adding receive conditions to the program. The terminals usually used to receive a pay TV program are the so-called set-top boxes or decoders. Other types of terminals are also possible, such as mobile receivers, PC cards, or PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) modules. The terminal can also be integrated in the television set. In many cases, however, the lack of a way to guarantee receipt makes the authorisation of access for smart cards problematic in broadcast systems, particularly when they are used in mobile devices for receiving services that do not feature point-to-point connections, as telephones do. A customer cannot utilise a desired service until the access is authorised, immediately following acquisition of the card. However, the sender of an authorisation signal usually does not have any information on whether the signal was actually received by the customer.
Authorisation of access is not effected when the unit being used is not able to receive a broadcast. This is the case, for example, in underground garages shielded by buildings, or when a radio communications network needed for sending out entitlements is not yet completely built up. In these cases, access authorisations constituted as so-called EMM messages (Entitlement Management Messages), cannot be received on an area-wide basis. In contrast, a controlled first access authorisation, including acknowledgement message (feedback), is very reliable and also renders possible an instantaneous collection of charges for the authorised service at the instant of its acquisition.
Program contents are scrambled, in that the data are encoded by an encryption algorithm, with the control of a so-called control word The algorithm mainly used in Europe for digital television based on the MPEG-2 standard (digital code Sstandard of the Moving Picture Expert Group) is the DVB common scrambling algorithm. Other algorithms are also possible, however, such as DES (data encryption standard) or triple DES, inter ala (see Bruce Schneier, Angewandte Kryptographie, [Applied Cryptography] Wiley, 1996).
In so-called Entitlement Control Messages (ECM), a decoder or other receiver module is not only informed of new control words but also of the conditions under which a program may be received. Since both the CW, as well as the receive conditions, depend on the particular service, ECMs are allocated to each service.
Once an ECM is received, it is directly routed to the security module. The control word CW must be transmitted confidentially. The protect the ECM, cryptographic methods are employed. Since the ECMs are sent to all customers, all authorised customers must possess the same key in order to decode the control word cryptogram. This is referred to as service key The control word CW should be changed at relatively brief intervals, to make it impossible to recognise scrambling patterns.
Entitlement Management Messages (EMM) are used to set and to change receive entitlements stored in the decoder or in the security module. EMM messages must be sent to the individual address of the customer (respectively, of the decoder or of the security module). The customer's address and EMM messages must be protected from change; it must be ensured that only the program provider is able to generate EMM messages. Individual addresses always appear in the EMM messages as unencrypted messages; protection against unauthorised reproduction can only be achieved by using supplementary information that is stored so as to be unreadable for the customer. This is the personal key which is linked to the customer address. EMM messages are sent via the same broadcast system as the payload or useful data content. EMM messages are not permanently linked to the program content, but rather to the logical address of the customer's terminal, respectively to that of the security module, so that EMM can be addressed to individual customers or to groups of customers. Moreover, for the use of specific services, such as mobile received services or pay-per-view, a backward channel can be available, which is either implemented manually (call at a service centre) or automatically communication from the decoder to the transmission centre via TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
Entitlements can change when, for example, customer's chargeable accounts are not S"settled. The consequence of this can be blocking of a receive authorisation, for example. EMMs can also be used, however, for activating or reactivating services on smart cards. In these cases, the entitlements must be reset in the security module, such as the smart card. Today, as security modules, chip cards are mostly used which are not permanently connected to the remote terminal, but rather which can be removed from the terminal and replaced.
Reference is made to the related art publication in Bernd Seiler (publisher) taschenbuch der telekom praxis [Handbook of Telecom Applications] 1996, Schiele oo Sch6n Berlin 1996, J6rg Schwenk: "Conditional Access" or "Wie kann man den Zugriff auf Rundfunksendungen kontrollieren?" [How can one control access to broadcast transmissions?].
Moreover, with the introduction of new transmission media, such as DAB and DVB-T, pay services are gaining in importance for mobile customers, as well. These are customers, who, for example, carry a terminal along with them in their automobile.
Here, however, the following problems arise: the data capacity of the services is limited DAB, Swift, inter alia); the receive situation is difficult not yet fully developed broadcasting networks or automobiles located in underground garages); or a backward channel is normally not available.
TECHNICAL OBJECTIVE The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a method which will make it possible for an authorised customer's chip card to be made individually addressable to facilitate any change in authorisations to receive chargeable services, the intention also being to make the chargeable services useful for mobile customers as well.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object is achieved in that, in response to a request from a service provider, i.e. an institution, such as a T-Point, authorised to issue or sell security modules, to a service 20 centre responsible for controlling access authorisations a data service centre in the DAB, in the case of indirect authorisation release, the service centre sends an EMM clearing signal, specifically allocated to this security module, either via the telephone or a data communications system, to the service provider, and, there, feeds this EMM authorisation release signal for the service in question into a control unit of the service provider, and the security module is activated via the control unit by this EMM authorisation release signal assigned to it, or, in the case of direct authorisation release the service centre, with the aid of a data transmission service in a digital broadcasting service, such as the DAB single-frequency network, transmits the specifically assigned EMM authorisation release signal to the security module of the S S customer making the request and clears this customer. The underlying advantage of the present invention is that, in the case of a direct authorisation release, a service on a security module, such as a smart card, can be authorised by the particular transmission system, such as by using commercial DAB or DVB receivers themselves, or, in the case of an indirect authorisation release, with the aid of another service, besides the transmitting service. Following payment of the relevant data service fee, the service centre assigns the entitlement by implementing a direct or indirect clearing, as mentioned above, via the smart-card specific EMM. A control unit set up at the service provider confirms activation of the security module, for instance of a smart card, for the service in question.
In the case of both direct and indirect authorisation release, an electronically stored, service-specific credit balance (tokens) can be advantageously allocated in monetary units to the security module.
In the case of indirect clearing of the security module of the querying customer, the data transmission service can be advantageously carried out, e.g. via a fixed-line modem, via a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) modem or via GSM-SMS services (SMS Service Management System).
In the case of direct clearing of the querying customer's security module, it is also beneficial that the approximate location of the customer can be found with the assistance of a mobile telephony network, for example the GSM network, he or she is using. The specific EMM authorisation release signal for the customer can be routed just within the DAM single-frequency network, where the customer is located at the time of the call and of the ordering of the EMM signal.
In this manner, the objectives mentioned above are achieved through implementation of a backward channel using GSM. In this regard, the sequence, is described based on the DAB example: 1. From his or her automobile, via GSM, for example, the customer signals the data service centre in the DAB requesting a clearing, for example, for a single data service or for a subscription, or in the case of non-receipt, requesting authorisation release, or an allocation of electronic, service-specific credit tokens on the smart card.
a o°°o°0 ooo ooo °oooo oooo oooe °e oooQ oo o 2. In the data service centre in the DAB, in collaboration, for example, with a GSM carrier T-Mobil (a German telephony firm)), the GSM cell (and, in this manner, the DAB single-frequency network that covers a wider area) is determined in which the caller is located at the very moment.
3. The relevant EMM is routed to the DAB single-frequency network where the subscriber is located.
The advantages of the method in accordance with the present invention can thus be seen, in particular, in that there is no need to broadcast EMMs on a country-wide basis, but still only locally in the DAB service areas where the subscriber is also located. This makes the data rate required for the EMMs substantially lower. In the case of a call, it is ensured that the caller can also receive the EMM, since, from an established GSM connection, one can infer the possibility of DAB reception.
Another important advantage lies in the fact that a backward channel is provided for new services.
In this context, the EMMs are not sent, for example, over a GSM channel, since this would presuppose a data connection between the mobile telephone and the DAB receiver, which is, however, theoretically conceivable.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The method in accordance with the present invention has industrial applicability, in 20 particular for releasing customer-specific access entitlements in Conditional Access Systems to enable chargeable media services to be received.
o *o

Claims (4)

1. A method for releasing customer-specific access authorisations in conditional access systems for receiving chargeable media services of the type incorporating the use of security modules on which security algorithms and/or customer-specific access authorisations are stored in the form of software programs and data, wherein, in response to a request from a service provider, then in the case of an indirect access authorisation release operation, the service centre sends an access authorisation release signal specific to this security module to the service provider, said signal then being passed to a control unit of the service provider, and the 1 0 security module is activated via the control unit by the said signal or in the case of a direct clearing operation, the service centre, in cooperation with a data transmission service in a digital broadcasting service, transmits a specifically assigned access authorisation release signal to a security module of a customer. e eo o 0
2. The method as recited in Claim 1, wherein in the case of either direct or indirect access authorisation release, an electronically stored, service-specific credit balance is allocated in monetary units.
3. The method as recited in Claim 1, wherein in the case of indirect access •00authorisation release directed to the security module of the customer, the data transmission service can optionally be carried out via a fixed-line modem, a Global 20 System for Mobile Communications modem, or via GSM-SMS services. S o•eee•
4. The method as recited in Claim 1 or 2, wherein in the case of direct access 0 authorisation release directed to the security module of the customer, the approximate location of the customer is found with the assistance of a mobile telephony network, and the access authorisation release signal is only routed into a digital broadcasting network in which the customer is situated. Dated this 2nd day of July 2003 DEUTSCHE TELEKOM AG By his Patent Attorneys COLLISON CO
AU28084/01A 1999-09-01 2000-08-24 Method for clearing customer-specific entitlements on security modules in conditional access systems for pay services Ceased AU765278B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1999141550 DE19941550A1 (en) 1999-09-01 1999-09-01 Procedure for the activation of customer-relevant authorizations on security modules in conditional access for pay services
DE19941550.1 1999-09-01
PCT/EP2000/008263 WO2001017249A1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-08-24 Method for releasing customer-specific authorisations using security modules in conditional-access systems for chargeable services

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AU2808401A AU2808401A (en) 2001-03-26
AU765278B2 true AU765278B2 (en) 2003-09-11

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AU (1) AU765278B2 (en)
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WO2001017249A1 (en) 2001-03-08
EP1234449A1 (en) 2002-08-28
AU2808401A (en) 2001-03-26
DE19941550A1 (en) 2001-03-08

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