AU752682B2 - Metered dose inhaler for salmeterol - Google Patents

Description

AUSTRALIA

PATENTS ACT 1990 DIVISIONAL APPLICATION NAME OF APPLICANT(S): Claxo Wclleome Ine.

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cv-Td ADDRESS FOR SERVICE: DAVIES COLLISON CAVE Patent Attorneys 1 Little Collins Street Melbourne, 3000.

INVENTION TITLE: "Metered dose inhaler for salmeterol" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us: Q:\OPER\MYKR\GENERAL\5481 I-96-div.doc I 117/00 P:\OPERMKR\SPECI4811- I96-div.doc-.I IM700 -1- METERED DOSE INHALER FOR SALMETEROL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This is a divisional of Australian patent application number 54811/96, the disclosure of which is included herein in its entirety by way of reference.

Drugs for treating respiratory and nasal disorders are frequently administered in aerosol formulations through the mouth or nose. One widely used method for dispensing such aerosol drug formulations involves making a suspension formulation of the drug as a finely divided powder in a liquefied gas known as a propellant. The suspension is stored in a sealed container capable of withstanding the pressure required to maintain the propellant as a liquid. The suspension is dispersed by activation of a dose metering valve affixed to the container.

A metering valve may be designed to consistently release a fixed, predetermined mass of the drug formulation upon each activation. As the suspension is forced from the container through the dose metering valve by the high vapor pressure of the propellant, the propellant rapidly vaporizes leaving a fast moving cloud of very fine particles of the drug formulation. This cloud of particles is directed into the nose or mouth of the patient by a channelling device such as a cylinder or open-ended cone.

S' Concurrently with the activation of the aerosol dose metering valve, the patient inhales the drug particles into the lungs or nasal cavity. Systems of dispensing drugs in this way are known as "metered dose inhalers" (MDI's). See Peter Byron, Respiratory Drug Delivery, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (1990) for a general background of this form of therapy.

Patients often rely on medication delivered by MDI's for rapid treatment of respiratory disorders which are debilitating and in some cases, even life threatening. Therefore, it is essential that the prescribed dose of aerosol medication delivered to the patient consistently meet the specifications claimed by the manufacturer and comply with the requirements of the FDA and other regulatory authorities. That is, every dose in the can must be the same within close tolerances.

P.opcr\nk45170-00 spri doc-27/03/02 -2- Some aerosol drugs tend to adhere to the inner surfaces, walls of the can, valves, and caps, of the MDI. This can lead to the patient getting significantly less than the prescribed amount of drug upon each activation of the MDI. The problem is particularly acute with hydrofluoroalkane (also known as simply "fluorocarbon") propellant systems, e.g. P134a and P227, under development in recent years to replace chlorofluorocarbons such as P11, P114 and P12.

We have found that coating the interior can surfaces of MDI's with fluorocarbon polymer significantly reduces or essentially eliminates the problem of adhesion or deposition of salmeterol on the can walls and thus ensures consistent delivery of medication in aerosol from the MDI.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one embodiment of the present invention there is provided a metered dose inhaler comprising a can, a crimped cap covering the mouth of the can, and a drug metering valve situated in the cap, having a coating such that part or all of its internal surfaces are coated with one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more non-fluorocarbon polymers, containing an inhalation drug formulation comprising salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and a fluorocarbon o* 20 propellant, optionally in combination with one or more excipients and wherein the can :o employed is strengthened aluminium or an aluminium alloy.

According to another embodiment of the invention there is provided a process for preparing an inhaler containing an inhalation drug formulation comprising salmeterol, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and a fluorocarbon propellant, optionally in •combination with one or more pharmacologically active agents or one or more excipients, which process comprises: providing a strengthened aluminium or aluminium alloy inhaler can capable ooo• of withstanding stressful coating and curing conditions; 4-^ P: OPER\MKRW4iI70)-0 p~i.doc.27/03/02 2A (1i) providing a formnulation of coating polymer comprising one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more nonfluorocarbon polymers; (11i) coating said can on its inside with said formulation of coating polymer; and (iv) curing the coating on the can.

9..

9* a 3 of a typical MDI is illustrated in US Patent 5,261,538 incorporated herein by reference.

The term "fluorocarbon polymers" means a polymer in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon chain have been replaced by fluorine atoms.

Thus, "fluorocarbon polymers" include perfluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, chlorofluorocarbon, hydro-chlorofluorocarbon polymers or other halogen substituted derivatives thereof. The "fluorocarbon polymers" may be branched, homo-polymers or co-polymers.

U.S. Patent No.4,992,474, incorporated herein by reference, teaches a bronchodilating compound particularly useful in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory diseases know by the chemical name 4-hydroxy- 1 phenylbutoxy)hexyl]amino]methyl]-1,3-benzenedimethanol and the generic name 15 "salmeterol". Salmeterol as the free base and as acid addition salts (particularly as the 1-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid salt also known as hydroxynaphthoate or xinafoate salt), especially in aerosol form, has been accepted by the medical community as a useful treatment of asthma and is marketed under the trademark "Serevent" The term "drug formulation" means salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof (particularly the hydroxynaphthoate salt) optionally in combination with one or more other pharmacologically active agents such as antiinflammatory agents, oo analgesic agents or other respiratory drugs and optionally containing one or more excipients. The term "excipients" as used herein mean chemical agents having little or no pharmacological activity (for the quantities used) but which enhance the drug formulation or the performance of the MDI system. For example, excipients include but are not limited to surfactants, preservatives, flavorings, antioxidants, antiaggregating agents, and cosolvents, ethanol and diethyl ether.

Salmeterol or salt thereof may be used in the form of its R-isomer.

Suitable surfactants are generally known in the art, for example, those surfactants disclosed in European Patent Application No. 0327777. The amount of surfactant 4 employed is desirable in the range of 0.0001% to 50% weight to weight ratio relative to the drug, in particular, 0.05 to 5% weight to weight ratio. A particularly useful surfactant is 1,2-di[7-(F-hexyl) hexanoyl]- glycero-3-phospho-N,N,Ntrimethylethanolamine also know as 3, 5, 9-trioxa-4-phosphadocosan-1-aminium, 17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22-tridecafluoro-7-[(8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13, 13-tridecafluoro-1-oxotridecyl)oxy]-4-hydroxy-N, N, Ninner salt, 4-oxide.

A polar cosolvent such as C2-6 aliphatic alcohols and polyols e.g. ethanol, isopropanol and propylene glycol, preferably ethanol may be included in the drug formulation in the desired amount, either as the only excipient or in addition to other excipients such as surfactants. Suitably, the drug formulation may contain 0.01 to 5% w/w based on the propellant of a polar cosolvent e.g. ethanol, preferably 0.1 to 5% w/w e.g. about 0.1 to 1% w/w.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drug formulation for use in the invention may, if desired, contain salmeterol or a salt thereof in combination with one or more other pharmacologically active agents. Such medicaments may be selected from any suitable drug useful in inhalation therapy. Appropriate medicaments may thus be selected from, for example, analgesics, e.g. codeine, dihydromorphine, ergotamine, fentanyl or morphine; anginal preparations, e.g.

diltiazem; antiallergics, e.g. cromoglycate, ketotifen or nedocromil; antiinfectives e.g. cephalosporins, penicillins, streptomycin, sulphonamides, tetracyclines and pentamidine; antihistamines, e.g. methapyrilene; anti-inflammatories, e.g.

beclomethasone the dipropionate), flunisolide, budesonide, tipredane or triamcinolone acetonide; antitussives, e.g. noscapine; bronchodilators, e.g.

salbutamol, ephedrine, adrenaline, fenoterol, formoterol, isoprenaline, metaproterenol, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pirbuterol, reproterol, rimiterol, terbutaline, isoetharine, tulobuterol, orciprenaline, or (-)-4-amino-3,5dichloro- a -[[[6-[2-(2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]hexyl]amino]methyl]benzenemethanol; diuretics, e.g. amiloride; anticholinergics e.g. ipratropium, atropine or oxitropium; hormones, e.g. cortisone, hydrocortisone or prednisolone; xanthines e.g.

aminophylline, choline theophyllinate, lysine theophyllinate or theophylline; and therapeutic proteins and peptides, e.g. insulin or glucagon. It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that, where appropriate, the medicaments may be used in the form of salts as alkali metal or amine salts or as acid addition salts) or as esters lower alkyl esters) or as solvates hydrates) to optimise the activity and/or stability of the medicament and/or to minimise the solubility of the medicament in the propellant.

Particularly preferred drug formulations contain salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof in combination with an anti-inflammatory steroid such as fluticasone propionate, beclomethasone dipropionate or physiologically acceptable solvates thereof.

A particularly preferred drug combination is salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate.

Propellants" used herein mean pharmacologically inert liquids with boiling points from about room temperature (25°C) to about -25°C which singly or in combination exert a high vapor pressure at room temperature. Upon activation of the MDI system, the high vapor pressure of the propellant in the MDI forces a metered amount of drug formulation out through the metering valve then the propellant very rapidly vaporizes dispersing the drug particles. The propellants used in the present invention are low boiling fluorocarbons; in particular, 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane also known as "propellant 134a" or "P 134a" and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3heptafluoro-n-propane also known as "propellant 227" or "P 227".

Drug formulations for use in the invention may be free or substantially free of formulation excipients e.g. surfactants and cosolvents etc. Such drug formulations are advantageous since they may be substantially taste and odour free, less irritant and less toxic than excipient-containing formulations. Thus, a preferred drug formulation consists essentially of salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, e.g. the xinafoate salt, optionally in combination with one or more other pharmacologically active agents particularly fluticasone propionate (or a physiologically acceptable solvate thereof), and a fluorocarbon propellant.

P.\OPER\MKR\45170-00 spdi doc-27/03102 -6- Preferred propellants are 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro-npropane or mixtures thereof, and especially 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane.

Further drug formulations for use in the invention may be free or substantially free of surfactant. Thus, a further preferred drug formulation comprises or consists essentially of salmeterol (or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof), optionally in combination with one or more other pharmacologically active agents, a fluorocarbon propellant and 0.01 to w/w based upon propellant of a polar cosolvent, which formulation is substantially free of surfactant. Preferred propellants are 1,1,1, 2 -tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3heptafluoro-n-propane or mixtures thereof, and especially 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1,1,1, 2 ,3,3,3-heptafluoro-n-propane.

Further drug formulations for use in the invention may be free or substantially free of surfactant. Thus, a further preferred drug formulation comprises or consists essentially of albuterol (or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof), optionally in combination with one or more other pharmacologically active agents, a fluorocarbon propellant and 0.01 to 5% w/w based upon propellant of a polar cosolvent, which formulation is substantially free of surfactant. Preferred propellants are 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro-n-propane or mixtures thereof, and especially 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3heptafluoro-n-propane.

Most often the MDI can and cap are made of aluminum or an alloy of aluminum, although other metals not affected by the drug formulation, such as stainless steel an alloy of copper, or tin plate, may be used. An MDI can may also be fabricated from glass or plastic. Preferably, however, the MDI cans employed in the present invention are made of aluminium or an alloy thereof. Advantageously, strengthened aluminium or aluminum alloy MDI cans may be employed. Such strengthened MDI cans are capable of withstanding particularly stressful coating and curing conditions, e.g. particularly high temperatures, which may be required for certain fluorocarbon polymers. Strengthened MDI cans which have a reduced *ee. tendency to malform under high temperatures include MDI cans comprising side alls and a base of increased thickness and MDI cans comprising a substantially 4* *4 P \OPER\MKR\45170-00 spi doc-27/03/02 -6A ellipsoidal base (which increases the angle between the side walls and the base of the can), rather than the hemispherical base of standard MDI cans. MDI cans having an ellipsoidal base offer the further advantage of facilitating the coating process.

The drug metering valve consists of parts usually made of stainless steel, a pharmacologically inert and propellant resistant polymer, such as acetal, polyamide Nylon®), polycarbonate, polyester, fluorocarbon polymer Teflon®) or a combination of these materials. Additionally, seals and rings of o *t various materials nitrile rubbers, polyurethane, acetyl resin, fluorocarbon polymers), or other elastomeric materials are employed in and around the valve.

Fluorocarbon polymers for use in the invention include fluorocarbon polymers which are made of multiples of one or more of the following monomeric units: tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE),. fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), vinyldienefluoride (PVDF), and chlorinated ethylene tetrafluoroethylene.

Fluorinated polymers which have a relatively high ratio of fluorine to carbon, such as perfluorocarbon polymers e.g. PTFE, PFA, and FEP, are preferred.

S. The fluorinated polymer may be blended with non-fluorinated polymers such as polyamides, polyimides, polyethersulfones, polyphenylene sulfides and amineformaldehyde thermosetting resins. These added polymers improve adhesion of 15 the polymer coating to the can walls. Preferred polymer blends are PTFE/FEP/polyamideimide, PTFE/polyethersulphone (PES) and FEPbenzoguanamine.

Particularly preferred coatings are pure PFA, FEP and blends of PTFE and polyethersulphone (PES).

Fluorocarbon polymers are marketed under trademarks such as Teflon®, Tefzel®, Halar®, Hostaflon®, Polyflon® and Neoflon®. Grades of polymer include FEP DuPont 856-200, PFA DuPont 857-200, PTFE-PES DuPont 3200-100, PTFE- 25 FEP-polyamideimide DuPont 856P23485, FEP powder DuPont 532, and PFA Hoechst 6900n. The coating thickness is in the range of about 1 m to about 1mm. Suitably the coating thickness is in the range of about 1lm to about 100m, e.g. lp.m to 25lm. Coatings may be applied in one or more coats.

Preferably the fluorocarbon polymers for use in the invention are coated on to MDI cans made of metal, especially MDI cans made of aluminium or an alloy thereof.

8 The particle size of the particular micronised) drug should be such as to permit inhalation of substantially all the drug into the lungs upon administration of the aerosol formulation and will thus be less than 100 microns, desirably less than microns, and preferably in the range of 1-10 microns, 1-5 microns.

The final aerosol formulation desirably contains 0.005-10% weight to weight ratio, in particular 0.005-5% weight to weight ratio, especially 0.01-1.0% weight to weight ratio, of drug relative to the total weight of the formulation.

A further aspect of the present invention is a metered dose inhaler having part or all of its internal metallic surfaces coated with one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more non-fluorocarbon polymers, for dispersing an inhalation drug formulation comprising salmeterol or a salt thereof and a fluorocarbon propellant optionally in combination with one or more other 15 pharmacologically active agents and one or more excipients.

A particular aspect of the present invention is an MDI having part or essentially all of its internal metallic surfaces coated with PFA or FEP, or blended fluoropolymer resin systems such as PTFE-PES with or without a primer coat of a polyamideimide or polyethersulfone for dispensing a drug formulation as defined hereinabove. Preferred drug formulations for use in this MDI consist essentially of salmeterol (or a salt thereof, e.g. the xinafoate salt), optionally in combination with one or more other pharmacologically active agents particularly fluticasone .propionate or a physiologically acceptable solvate thereof and a fluorocarbon 25 propellant, particularly 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro-npropane or mixtures thereof, and especially 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Preferably the MDI can is made of aluminium or an alloy thereof.

The MDI can may be coated by the means known in the art of metal coating. For example, a metal, such as aluminum or stainless steel, may be precoated as coil stock and cured before being stamped or drawn into the can shape. This method is well suited to high volume production for two reasons. First, the art of coating coil stock is well developed and several manufacturers can custom coat metal coil stock to high standards of uniformity and in a wide range of thicknesses. Second, the precoated stock can be stamped or drawn at high speeds and precision by essentially the same methods used to draw or stamp uncoated stock.

Other techniques for obtaining coated cans is by electrostatic dry powdered coating or by spraying preformed MDI cans inside with formulations of the coating fluorinated polymer/polymer blend and then curing. The preformed MDI cans may also be dipped in the fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend coating formulation and cured, thus becoming coated on the inside and out. The fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend formulation may also be poured inside the MDI cans then drained out leaving the insides with the polymer coat. Conveniently, for ease of 0o. manufacture, preformed MDI cans are spray-coated with the fluorinated polymer/polymer blend.

15 The fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend may also be formed in situ at the can walls using plasma polymerization of the fluorocarbon monomers. Fluorocarbon polymer film may be blown inside the MDI cans to form bags. A variety of fluorocarbon polymers such as ETFE, FEP, and PTFE are available as film stock.

The appropriate curing temperature is dependent on the fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend chosen for the coating and the coating method employed.

However, for coil coating and spray coating temperatures in excess of the melting point of the polymer are typically required, for example, about 500C above the melting point for up to about 20 minutes such as about 5 to 10 minutes e.g. about 8 minutes or as required. For the above named preferred and particularly preferred fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blends curing temperatures in the range of about 3000C to about 4000C, e.g. about 3500C to 3800C are suitable. For plasma polymerization typically temperatures in the range of about 200C to about 1000C may be employed.

The MDI's taught herein may be prepared by methods of the art see Byron, above and U.S. patent 5,345,980) substituting conventional cans for those coated with a fluorinated polymer/polymer blend. That is, salmeterol or a salt thereof and other components of the formulation are filled into an aerosol can coated with a fluorinated polymer/polymer blend. The can is fitted with a cap assembly which is crimped in place. The suspension of the drug in the fluorocarbon propellant in liquid form may be introduced through the metering valve as taught in U.S.

5,345,980 incorporated herein by reference.

The MDI's with fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend coated interiors taught herein may be used in medical practice in a similar manner as non-coated MDI's now in clinical use. However the MDI's taught herein are particularly useful for containing and dispensing inhaled drug formulations with hydrofluoroalkane fluorocarbon propellants such as 134a with little, or essentially no, excipient and which tend to deposit or cling to the interior walls and parts of the MDI system. In certain cases it is advantageous to dispense an inhalation drug with essentially no excipient, where the patient may be allergic to an excipient or the drug reacts with an 15 excipient.

MDI's containing the formulations described hereinabove, MDI systems and the use of such MDI systems for the treatment of respiratory disorders e.g. asthma comprise further aspects of the present invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications to the invention described herein can readily be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Protection is sought for all the subject matter described herein "t°i including any such modifications.

The following non-limitative Examples serve to illustrate the invention.

EXAMPLES

Example 1 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) were spray-coated (Livingstone Coatings, Charlotte, NC) with primer (DuPont 851-204) and cured to 11 the vendor's standard procedure, then further spray-coated with either FEP or PFA (DuPont 856-200 and 857-200, respectively) and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is approximately mm to 50 mm. These cans are then purged of air (see PCT application number W094/22722 (PCT/EP94/00921)), the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4 mg salmeterol xinafoate (hydroxynaphthoate) in about 12 gm P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 2 Standard 0.46 mm thick aluminum sheet (United Aluminum) was spray-coated (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) with FEP (DuPont 856-200) and cured. This sheet was then deep- drawn into cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC). These cans were then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 2.5 mg salmeterol xinafoate (hydroxynaphthoate) in about 7.5 gm P134A was filled through the valve.

Example 3 20 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-PES blend (DuPont) as a single coat and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 Upm and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.1 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 4 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-FEP-polyamideimide blend (DuPont) and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.1 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with FEP powder (DuPont FEP 532) using an electrostatic gun. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 Im. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.1 mg of 10 micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

**Standard 0.46 mm thick aluminium sheet (United Aluminium) is spray coated with FEP-Benzoguanamine and cured. This sheet is then deep-drawn into cans.

These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.1 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

20 Example 7 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with an aqueous dispersion of PFA (Hoechst PFA-6900n) and cured. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.1 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 12 g respectively P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 8 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-PES blend (DuPont) as a single coat and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4.25 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 9 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-FEP-polyamideimide blend (DuPont) and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 um and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4.25 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with FEP powder (DuPont FEP 532) using an electrostatic gun. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 p.m and approximately 20 im. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4.25 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

SExample 11 Standard 0.46 mm thick aluminium sheet (United Aluminium) is spray coated with FEP-Benzoguanamine and cured. This sheet is then deep-drawn into cans.

These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4.25 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 12 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with an aqueous dispersion of PFA (Hoechst PFA-6900n) and cured. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 Im and approximately 20 m. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4.25 mg of micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 13 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-PES blend (DuPont) as a single coat and cured according to the vendor's 10 standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 um and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 8.8 mg, 22 mg or 44 mg micronised fluticasone propionate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 14 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-FEP-polyamideimide blend (DuPont) and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 um. These cans are then purged of air the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 8.8 mg, 22 mg or 44 mg micronised fluticasone propionate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with FEP powder (DuPont FEP 532) using an electrostatic gun. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 Im and approximately 20 jim. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 8.8 mg, 22 mg or 44 mg micronised fluticasone propionate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 16 Standard 0.46 mm thick aluminium sheet (United Aluminium) is spray coated with FEP-Benzoguanamine and cured. This sheet is then deep-drawn into cans.

These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 8.8 mg, 22 mg or 44 mg micronised fluticasone propionate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 17 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with an aqueous dispersion of PFA (Hoechst PFA-6900n) and cured. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 Im and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 6.4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 8.8 mg, 22 mg or 44 mg micronised fluticasone propionate in about 12 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 18 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-PES blend (DuPont) as a single coat and cured according to the vendor's standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 Jm and approximately 20 lim. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 5.5 mg, 13.8 mg or 27.5 mg fluticasone propionate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 19 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with PTFE-FEP-polyamideimide blend (DuPont) and cured according to the vendor's 16 standard procedure. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 um and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 5.5 mg, 13.8 mg or 27.5 mg fluticasone propionate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with FEP powder (DuPont FEP 532) using an electrostatic gun. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 Im. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 5.5 mg, 13.8 mg or 27.5 mg fluticasone propionate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 21 Standard 0.46 mm thick aluminium sheet (United Aluminium) is spray coated with FEP-Benzoguanamine and cured. This sheet is then deep-drawn into cans.

20 These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 5.5 mg, 13.8 mg or 27.5 i mg fluticasone propionate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Example 22 Standard 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc., Cary, NC) are spray-coated with an aqueous dispersion of PFA (Hoechst PFA-6900n) and cured. The thickness of the coating is between approximately 1 pm and approximately 20 pm. These cans are then purged of air, the valves crimped in place, and a suspension of about 4 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate with about 5.5 mg, 13.8 mg or 27.5 mg fluticasone propionate in about 8 g P134a is filled through the valve.

P:\OPER\MKR\SPECIl54811-96-div.doc-I -17- Examples 23-28 Examples 3 to 7 are repeated except that a suspension of about 9.6 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 21.4 g P227 is filled through the valve.

Examples 29-33 Examples 3 to 7 are repeated except that about 9.6 mg micronised salmeterol xinafoate in about 182 mg ethanol and about 18.2 g P134a is filled through the valve.

Examples 34-64 .t1 Examples 3 to 33 are repeated except that modified 12.5 ml MDI cans (Presspart Inc. Cary, NC) with an ellipsoid base are used.

Dose delivery from the MDIs tested under simulated use conditions is found to be constant, compared to control MDIs filled into uncoated cans which exhibit a significant decrease in dose delivered through use.

Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that that prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in Australia.

Claims (16)

18- THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1. A metered dose inhaler comprising a can, a crimped cap covering the mouth of the can, and a drug metering valve situated in the cap, having a coating such that part or all of its internal surfaces are coated with one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more non-fluorocarbon polymers, containing an inhalation drug formulation comprising salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and a fluorocarbon propellant, optionally in combination with one or more excipients and wherein the can employed is strengthened aluminium or an: aluminium alloy,. 2. A metered dose inhaler according to Claim 1, having part or all of its internal metallic surfaces coated with one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more non-fluorocarbon polymers. 3. An inhaler according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, with part or all of its internal surfaces coated with a fluorocarbon polymer which comprises multiples of one or more monomeric units selected from tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perflucroalkoxyalkane (PFA), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), vinyldienefluoride (PVDF) and chlorinated ethylene tetrafluoroethylene. 4. An inhaler according to anyone of Claims 1 to 3, wherein part or all of its internal surfaces are coated with a polymer selected from PTFE, PFA, FEP and mixtures thereof. 5. An inhaler according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein said fluorocarbon polymer(s) is in combination with one or more non-fluorocarbon polymers selected from polyamides, polyimides, polyethersulfones, polyphenylene sulfides and amineformaldehyde thermosetting resins. .9 6. An inhaler according to Claim 5, wherein the coating is selected from PTFEIFEP/polyamideimide, PTFE/polyethersulphone (PES) and R FEP/benzoguanamine. 19 7. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the coating is FEP. B. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the coating is PFA. 9. An inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 4, wherein the coating is a blend of PTFE and PES. 10. An inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 9, wherein the thickness of the coating is 1rpm to 1 mm. 11. An inhaler according to any one.of Claims 1 to 9, wherein the thickness of the coating is 1 lr to 100 lam. 12. An inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 9, wherein the thickness of the coating is 1 jlm to 13. An inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 12, wherein said drug 20 formulation further comprises a surfactant. 14. An inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 13, wherein said drug formulation further comprises a polar cosolvent. 15, An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 12 or 14, wherein said drug formulation further comprises 0.01 to 5% wlw based upon propellant of a polar cosolvent, which formulation is substantially free of surfactant. 16. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein said drug formulation comprises salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof in "combination with a bronchodilator or an antiallergic. 17. An inhaler according to Claim 16, wherein said drug formulation comprises salmeterol xlnafoate in combination with fluticasone proplonate or a acceptable solvate thereof. 18. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein said drug formulation consists essentially of salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, and a fluorocarbon propellant.

19. An inhaler according to Claim 18, wherein said drug formulation consists essentially of salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable solvate thereof in combination with a bronchodilator or an antiallergic and a fluorocarbon propellant. An inhaler according to Claim 19, wherein said drug formulation consists essentially of salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof in combination with fluticasone propionate or a physiologically acceptable solvate thereof and a fluorocarbon propellant.

21. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, wherein said drug formulation consists of salmeterol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and a fluorocarbon propellant, 20 22. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 21, wherein the fluorocarbon propellant is 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane, or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoro- n-propane or mixtures thereof.

23. An inhaler according to Claim 22, wherein the fluorocarbon propellant is 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane.

24. An inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 16 or 18 to 23, wherein salmeterol is present as salmeterol xinafoate. o 30 25. A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 24, wherein the polymer coating is applied to a pre-formed can by spraying inside said can with a formulation of said fluorinated polymer/polymer blend and then curing at an appropriate curing temperature. P \OPFSRMKR45 170-00 sped d-c-27/03/02 -21 26 A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 24, wherein the coating Is applied to a pre-forrned can by dipping said pre-formed can in a formulation of said fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend and then curing.

27. A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 24. wherein the coating is applied to a pre-formed can by pouring a formulation of said fluorocarbon polymer/polymer blend into said pre-formed can and then curing.

28. A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 24, wherein the coating is applied as a coating to coil stock and cured before being stamped or drawn into a can shape.

29. A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims 25 to 28 wherein the curing temperature is in the range 3D0 0 C and 40013C,

30. A process according to Claim 29, wherein the curing temperature is in the range 3500C to 380 0 C.

31. A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims I to 24, wherein the coating is applied to a pro-formed can by electrostatic dry powder 20 coating. 00020

32. A process for preparing an inhaler according to any one of Claims 1 to 24, wherein the coating is applied to a pre-formed can by plasma polymerization.

33. A process according to any one of claims 25 to 32, further comprising the step of V. crimping a cap covering the mouth of the can in place.

34. A process according to claim 33, further comprising the step of filling said can with the inhalation drug formulation. A process for preparing an inhaler containing an inhalation drug formulation comprising salmeterol, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof and a fluorocarbon propellant, optionally in combination with one or more P \OPER\MKR\4 170-00 spi.d0-27/0/02 -22- pharmacologically active agents or one or more excipients, which process comprises: providing a strengthened aluminium or aluminium alloy inhaler can capable of withstanding stressful coating and curing conditions; (ii) providing a formulation of coating polymer comprising one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more non- fluorocarbon polymers; (iii) coating said can on its inside with said formulation of coating polymer; and (iv) curing the coating on the can.

36. A metered dose inhaler system comprising a metered dose inhaler according to any one of claims 1 to 24, fitted into suitable channelling device for oral or nasal inhalation of the drug formulation.

37. Use of a metered dose inhaler system according to claim 36, for the treatment of respiratory disorders.

38. A metered dose inhaler according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the examples. DATED this 2 7 th day of March, 2002 20 GLAXO WELLCOME INC. by DAVIES COLLISON CAVE Patent Attorneys for the Applicant e