AU716053B2 - Improved method of treating water - Google Patents
Improved method of treating water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU716053B2 AU716053B2 AU67720/96A AU6772096A AU716053B2 AU 716053 B2 AU716053 B2 AU 716053B2 AU 67720/96 A AU67720/96 A AU 67720/96A AU 6772096 A AU6772096 A AU 6772096A AU 716053 B2 AU716053 B2 AU 716053B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- admixture
- calcium hypochlorite
- water
- approximately
- water system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B11/00—Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof
- C01B11/04—Hypochlorous acid
- C01B11/06—Hypochlorites
- C01B11/068—Stabilisation by additives other than oxides, hydroxides, carbonates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals; Coating of particles; Shaping; Granulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
Description
WO 97/07062 PCT/US96/13076 1 IMPROVED METHOD OF TREATING WATER Technical Field This invention containing at least 25% by weight of a tetraborate or tetraborate/boric acid and the remaining components of the composition being calcium hypochlorite Ca(OC1)2. The composition can be used to treat waters such as swimming pools, spas, cooling towers and the like. The composition further comprises the alkaline metal tetraborate and optionally boric acid mixed with calcium hypochlorite.
Background of the Invention Sodium tetraborate has long been known to be effective as an algaecide and a fungicide in standing water systems such as swimming pools, drinking water reservoirs, and cooling towers and is the subject of U.S. Patent Nos. 4,594,091 and 5,131,938, both to Girvan, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. It has been found that the alkaline metal, tetraborate, by itself improves the treatment of standing water systems in several ways. The tetraborate solutions plus dissolved carbon di6xide with produce sodium carbonate plus sodium bicarbonate thereby lowering the CO2 concentration in the water and making it difficult for algae to germinate in the water. The tetraborates have also been shown to react with WO 97/07062 PCTIUS96/13076 2 dissolved halides in the water to give off free halogen. Finally, the tetraborates increase the solubility of most other salts that may be added to the standing water system.
Another additive that is commonly used to treat standing water is calcium hypochlorite. Calcium hypochlorite is added to water and, when dissolved in water, provides a source of chlorine for disinfectant purposes and for general sanitation. Several commercial processes are currently used for the manufacture of the so-called "high-grade" calcium hypochlorite compositions containing at least 65% calcium hypochlorite from which the chlorine for sanitation purposes is derived. Several of these processes are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,793,216 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The '216 patent discloses a calcium hypochlorite composition comprising at least 55% calcium hypochlorite mixed with water soluble, hydrated inorganic salts in an amount sufficient to provide a water content in the total mixture in the range of about 3% to about 13%.
Included in the disclosure as one of the hydrated inorganic salts are the salts containing tetraborate. The focus of the '216 patent is to reduce the flammability of the calcium hypochlorite. The major disadvantage of the essentially water-free calcium hypochlorite compositions is the danger intended thereto if contacted by external contaminants, which contamination causes exothermic decomposition of the material regardless of the temperature. For example, if any portion of a batch of said calcium hypochlorite, whether in a small container, large drum or uncontained mass, reaches a temperature of about 350' F, it will undergo a self-sustaining and self-propagating decomposition which will spread through the entire batch until decomposition is complete. Decomposition may be initiated by the accidental touching of a live flame or spark to the calcium hypochlorite composition, as for example, the accidental contact of a lit match or cigarette. Decomposition may also be initiated by contacting the hypochlorite with just a single drop of organic material, for example, glycerin, and alcohol, a variety of hydrocarbons such as 3 petroleum oil and many others. The decomposition of all gaseous chlorine which constitutes a toxic hazard to personnel in the area, and also involves oxygen, which intensifies a fire that might reach stored quantities of calcium hypochlorite. Because oxygen is released in the decomposition process, attempts to smother a hypochlorite fire will be unsuccessful. The '216 patent thus describes a composition which reduces the likelihood of spontaneous decomposition of the calcium hypochlorite composition. However, the '216 patent does not disclose any other properties of a composition comprising calcium hypochlorite and an alkaline metal tetraborate and/or boric acid.
What is needed in the industry is a composition that will stabilize pH of the water, will reduce the presence of algae and other microorganisms which normally grow in standing water, and will provide a source of halogens which will further sanitize the water solution.
Summary of the Invention The present invention is a calcium hypochlorite/alkaline 20 metal tetraborate or a calcium hypochlorite/alkaline metal tetraborate/boric acid composition which can be used to treat standing water systems such as swimming pools, spas, cooling towers and the like. The method of treating water of the present invention comprises the addition of the calcium 25 hypochlorite/tetraborate and/or boric acid composition to the water periodically to stabilize pH and to increase the available chlorine to the water. It has been found that the calcium hypochlorite/tetraborate and/or boric acid composition act synergistically to reduce the growth of microorganisms in the water, reduce the cloudy scale on the sides of the water container that normally occurs when only calcium hypochlorite is added to the water and reduces the calcification of filters, especially sand filters.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of reducing microbial growth in a standing water system comprising the administration of an admixture comprising an effective amount of calcium hypochlorite and an effective amount of a mixture comprising borate salt and boric acid.
In a second aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of reducing calcification of a water filter of a standing water system, comprising the administration of an admixture comprising an effective amount of calcium hypochlorite and an effective amount of a mixture comprising borate salt and boric acid.
In a third aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of stabilising the pH of a standing water system, comprising the administration of an admixture comprising an effective amount of calcium hypochlorite and an effective amount of a mixture comprising borate salt and boric acid.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent after a review of the following detailed description of the disclosed embodiments.
A
a a a a a a a a aa a a.* a a co• oooo a a *a ao Detailed Description 20 The present invention comprises a method for treating standing water systems with a composition comprising calcium hypochlorite and an alkaline metal borate. The borate is preferably an alkaline metal tetraborate pentahydrate, an alkaline metal tetraborate dehydrate an alkaline metal teraborate pentahydrate. The alkaline metal can be any alkaline metal that is 25 compatible with the borate ion. These alkaline metals include sodium, potassium, and lithium. The composition that can be used in the method of the present invention also includes a calcium hypochlorite and a borate with boric acid. The combination of alkaline metal, borate and the boric acid can be in the ratio of 5% to 95% borate to boric acid by weight. In the WO 97/07062 PCT/US9613076 composition for use in the method of the present invention, the composition comprises between approximately 60% and calcium hypochlorite and between approximately 20% and of the borate molecule. Again, it is contemplated that by the term borate molecule, as used herein, the borate molecule can be any of the borate ions or it can be a combination of the borate ion and boric acid.
The prepare the calcium hypochlorite/borate composition, the compositions are prepared by mixing the particular ingredients uniformly in a powder blender that is, measured amounts of the calcium hypochlorite with varying, measured amounts of the borate salt and/or the boric acid combination. It is important to note that the composition should be uniformly mixed so that the resulting composition is a powder. The composition can be further processed by compressing it into convenient tabs that can be added to the standing water system. Methods of producing these tabs are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The calcium hypochlorite that is preferably used in the present invention is commercially available and contains on the order of at least about 65%, normally about 70-78%, and in some cases up to 85% or more by weight of calcium hypochlorite, the remaining constituents being sodium chloride, calcium chlorate, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and calcium chloride.
However, the products are always referred to in the trade as "calcium hypochlorite." The term "standing water system" includes, but is not limited to, swimming pools, spas, hot water tubs, cooling tower systems, foot baths, drinking water reservoirs and the like. The present invention is contemplated as being used in any standing water system wherein pH is desirably maintained at a stable value, the growth of microorganisms is desirably inhibited, and the clarity of the standing water system is desirably maintained.
In performing the method of treating water according to the present invention, the calcium hypochlorite/borate composition is administered to the water, that is the standing WO 97/07062 PCTIUS96/13076 6 water system at a final concentration of between approximately to 10 pounds per approximately 10,000 gallons of water.
Preferably, the final concentration of calcium hypochlorite/borate composition is between approximately 1 and 3 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water. Most preferably, the concentration of calcium hypochlorite/borate composition is approximately 2 pounds per approximately 10,000 gallons of water. For swimming pool treatment, the water is treated preferably between 1 and 7 times per week. The method of treating standing water of the present invention has several advantages over the use of calcium hypochlorite by itself. As disclosed in the U.S. Patent No.
3,793,216, the composition of calcium hypochlorite with borate is much less reactive when in contact with organic material and is therefore much safer to use. However, it is not taught or disclosed in the '216 patent that the composition comprising calcium hypochlorite and borates allows one to use approximately less calcium hypochlorite to obtain the same beneficial effects as calcium hypochlorite alone, that the problems of water cloudiness using calcium hypochlorite alone are reduced or eliminated; that the normal problem of scale build-up on the sides of the standing water container are reduced or eliminated; that the calcification of water filters for the standing water system is reduced or eliminated; and that the availability of free chlorine to the standing water system is increased; and that the pH of the standing water system is stabilized at more neutral pH then when calcium hypochlorite is added to the water alone.
It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing relates only to preferred embodiments of the present invention and that numerous modifications or alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A method of reducing microbial growth in a standing water system comprising the administration of an admixture comprising an effective amount of calcium hypochlorite and an effective amount of a mixture comprising borate salt and boric acid.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the admixture is administered to the standing water system so that the final concentration of the admixture is between approximately 0.5 and 10 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the concentration of the admixture in the standing water system is between approximately 1 and 5 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the borate salt comprises, sodium tetraborate pentahydrate, sodium tetraborate octahydrate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, lithium tetraborate pentahydrate, or potassium tetraborate octahydrate. The method of claim 4, wherein the borate salt is sodium tetraborate octahydrate.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the borate salt is a mixture of sodium 2: 'pentaborate and boric acid. 20 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the calcium hypochlorite in the admixture is between approximately 60% and 80% by weight.
8. A method of reducing calcification of a water filter of a standing water system, comprising the administration of an admixture comprising an effective amount of calcium hypochlorite and an effective amount of a 25 mixture comprising borate salt and boric acid.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the admixture is administered to the standing water system so that the final concentration of the admixture is between approximately 0.5 and 10 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water. The method of claim 9, wherein the concentration of the admixture in the standing water system is between approximately 1 and 5 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the borate salt comprises, sodium tetraborate pentahydrate, sodium tetraborate octahydrate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, lithium tetraborate pentahydrate, or potassium tetraborate octahydrate.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the borate salt is sodium tetraborate octahydrate.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the calcium hypochlorite in the admixture is between approximately 60% and 80% by weight.
14. A method of stabilising the pH of a standing water system, comprising the administration of an admixture comprising an effective amount of calcium hypochlorite and an effective amount of a mixture comprising borate salt and boric acid. The method of claim 14, wherein the admixture is administered to the standing water system so that the final concentration of the admixture is between approximately 0.5 and 10 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the concentration of the admixture in the standing water system is between approximately 1 and 5 pounds per 10,000 gallons of water.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the borate salt comprises, sodium tetraborate pentahydrate, sodium tetraborate octahydrate, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, lithium tetraborate pentahydrate, or potassium tetraborate octahydrate.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the borate salt is sodium tetraborate octahydrate.
519. The method of claim 14, wherein the calcium hypochlorite in the admixture is between approximately 60% and 80% by weight. S O V. Dated this eighth day of December 1999 S Don H Girvan Patent Attorneys for the Applicant: F B RICE CO
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US214195P | 1995-08-11 | 1995-08-11 | |
US60/002141 | 1995-08-11 | ||
US08/608,242 US5676844A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Method of treating water |
US08/608242 | 1996-02-28 | ||
PCT/US1996/013076 WO1997007062A1 (en) | 1995-08-11 | 1996-08-12 | Improved method of treating water |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU6772096A AU6772096A (en) | 1997-03-12 |
AU716053B2 true AU716053B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 |
Family
ID=26670004
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU67720/96A Ceased AU716053B2 (en) | 1995-08-11 | 1996-08-12 | Improved method of treating water |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0843649A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AU716053B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9610454A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2229281A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ43398A3 (en) |
IL (1) | IL123283A (en) |
MX (1) | MX9801172A (en) |
NO (1) | NO980588L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ315902A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997007062A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010096631A2 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-26 | Nisus Corporation, Inc. | Borate micro emulsion and method for making the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3793216A (en) * | 1971-12-06 | 1974-02-19 | Pennwalt Corp | Calcium hypochlorite composition |
US4048651A (en) * | 1975-07-10 | 1977-09-13 | Bell & Howell Company | Color-corrected video signal processing with augmented color lock |
WO1991018510A1 (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-12-12 | Olin Corporation | Algicidally enhanced compositions |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4048351A (en) * | 1974-11-06 | 1977-09-13 | Olin Corporation | Granular calcium hypochlorite coated with a low melting inorganic salt by spray graining |
US4880638A (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1989-11-14 | Bioxy International, Ltd. | Biocidal composition and method for disinfecting articles |
US5164109A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-11-17 | Olin Corporation | Algicidally enhanced calcium hypochlorite compositions |
US5478482A (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1995-12-26 | Bio-Lab, Inc. | Method and compositions for treating recirculating water systems |
-
1996
- 1996-08-12 CZ CZ98433A patent/CZ43398A3/en unknown
- 1996-08-12 CA CA002229281A patent/CA2229281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-08-12 BR BR9610454-6A patent/BR9610454A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-08-12 WO PCT/US1996/013076 patent/WO1997007062A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-08-12 AU AU67720/96A patent/AU716053B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-08-12 IL IL12328396A patent/IL123283A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-12 EP EP96928134A patent/EP0843649A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-08-12 NZ NZ315902A patent/NZ315902A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-02-11 MX MX9801172A patent/MX9801172A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-02-11 NO NO980588A patent/NO980588L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3793216A (en) * | 1971-12-06 | 1974-02-19 | Pennwalt Corp | Calcium hypochlorite composition |
US4048651A (en) * | 1975-07-10 | 1977-09-13 | Bell & Howell Company | Color-corrected video signal processing with augmented color lock |
WO1991018510A1 (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-12-12 | Olin Corporation | Algicidally enhanced compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2229281A1 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
BR9610454A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
NO980588L (en) | 1998-04-02 |
NZ315902A (en) | 1999-07-29 |
CZ43398A3 (en) | 1998-06-17 |
WO1997007062A1 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
MX9801172A (en) | 1998-11-29 |
EP0843649A1 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
EP0843649A4 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
IL123283A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
NO980588D0 (en) | 1998-02-11 |
IL123283A0 (en) | 1998-09-24 |
AU6772096A (en) | 1997-03-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4693832A (en) | Preparation of safe drinking water | |
US4780216A (en) | Calcium hypochlorite sanitizing compositions | |
KR102043759B1 (en) | Method for producing an aqueous stable chlorine dioxide solution | |
CN110150315B (en) | Solid high-purity chlorine dioxide releasing agent | |
AU693210B2 (en) | Method and compositions for treating recirculating water systems | |
AU682185B2 (en) | Method of treating water | |
CA2683081C (en) | Calcium hypochlorite compositions comprising zinc salts and lime | |
Judd et al. | Trihalomethane formation during swimming pool water disinfection using hypobromous and hypochlorous acids | |
US5676844A (en) | Method of treating water | |
EP0316357A4 (en) | Calcium hypochlorite compositions. | |
JP5141163B2 (en) | Bactericidal and algae killing method | |
US5501802A (en) | Method for treating water using an organic sanitizer and a persulfate | |
US6022480A (en) | Methods and devices for treating water | |
US7033510B2 (en) | Stabilized hypobromous acid solutions | |
EP2079666B1 (en) | Solid composition for treating water | |
AU716053B2 (en) | Improved method of treating water | |
US5254526A (en) | Method to prevent algae growth in pools and spas | |
US7097773B1 (en) | Process for treating water | |
US20230242425A1 (en) | Novel slow dissolve water treatment compositions | |
CA2246519C (en) | Methods and devices for treating water | |
WO2001009046A1 (en) | Method for controlling microorganisms in standing water using sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate compositions | |
RU2182129C1 (en) | Method of water treatment using silver complex compound | |
AU708827B2 (en) | Tablet compositions for controlling microbial growth | |
FR2755960A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR TREATING WATER, IN PARTICULAR A POOL AND DISINFECTING COMPOSITION |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
PC | Assignment registered |
Owner name: HAVILAND CONSUMER PRODUCTS COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER WAS: DON H. GIRVAN |