AU677162B2 - Rechargeable dispenser - Google Patents

Description

RECHARGEABLE DISPENSER Background of the Invention

This is a continuation-in-part of Serial No. 173,278, filed March 25, 1988. 1. Field of Invention

This invention relates to a dispenser for a novel insecticide composition and how to dispense it. More particularly, it relates to a device and way for releasing the composition to the hair, fur, and skin of livestock and domestic animals.

2. Description of the Prior Art There are two primary problems involved in the field of dispensing insecticide onto livestock and domestic animals, one finding a composition that is not too potent, strong or dangerous to satisfy government environmental and other requirements and the other, coming up with a way to dispense such composition so that it lasts until the end of the fly season or for at least six months and does not become sublethal. McBride U.S. Patent 4,338,886 involves use of a livestock collar having two separate pouches of liquid toxicants sodium fluoracetate, apparently undiluted, to kill attacking coyotes when the pouches are punctured by the coyote's teeth. Hoskings British Patent 709,159 concerns killing lice on birds by discharging vapor from a solid insecticide such as a mixture of nicotine and naphthalene or para-di-chlor-benzene and nicotine sulphate through an opening in a casing closed by a rupturable diaphragm before use. Hair U.S. Patent 4,506,630, Goodwin U.S. Patents 3,935,839 and 4,023,532 and Hack et al European Patent Office Patent Publication 0 140 558 have to do with using wicks for controlling dispensing of insecticide, such as Goodwin's mixture of insecticide and oil or diesel fuel or Hack's undiluted carbonates and pyrethroids, to animals* faces. Steckel U.S. Patent 4,428,327 describes a flat member impregnated with an insecticide composition comprising 10% permethrin ( (3- phenoxyphenyl) methyl ( ) cis, trans-3 (2- dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylsyclopropane carboxolate} and 90% unnamed inert ingredients. In my own U.S. Patents 4,574,742 and 4,706,610 I have disclosed a livestock data indicator and clip on-type label or tag having a box like rigid <--ompartment as a small part thereof containing an absorbent material treated with insecticide for attachment to the hairs of a horse's mane, cows' tail or the like. None of the foregoing art has solved the aforementioned two-fold problem of formulating an environmentally acceptable insecticide composition and finding a way to dispense it such that it will last for more than a couple of months before requiring refilling or becoming sublethal.

SuTmπarv of the Invention After extensive investigation and experimentation I have come up with a properly formulated insecticide composition that may be dispensed in a critically controlled manner by filling a dispenser made up substantially wholly of one or more plastic, leather, rubber or the like flexible compartments with a mass of fabric packing material such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester and a fabric material available on the market known as fabray capable of becoming saturated with the insecticide, . holding it, and releasing it at intervals, said packing material extending all the way to a wall or walls of the one or more compartments, and to and through at least one dispensing orifice in the sole compartment or a succeeding compartment of a series or sequence of compartments to a plane flush with an external surface. Insecticide is dispensed to the bodies of cows, horses and domestic animals when they turn there heads or shake their heads so that insecticide in the packing material filling the dispensing orifice is released upon the packing material in the dispensing orifice touching their hairy, furry or like coating. This causes the dispensed insecticide to be replaced by more insecticide flowing into the packing material which fills the dispensing orifice.

My invention requires a control restricted opening between primary and secondary compartments with a continuous mass of packing material leading therethrough. I have found that I can make a dispensing chamber comprising one or more compartments out of a whole collar, browband, ear tag or the like. Putting it another way, I use a whole article for the one or more compartments or make one or more compartments into a whole article or dispensing device. According to one embodiment of my invention I employ a primary compartment and at least one secondary compartment, preferably of lesser volume than the primary. According to another embodiment I make a ear tag hollow inside as a sole or single compartment. As such the compartment has a constricted portion opposite of the end which attaches to the ear. My insecticide dispensing device or dispenser comprising substanti ly as a whole one or more compartments there may be a browband for horses. In this instance I employ a flexible primary compartment with a secondary compartment, at each end thereof, with each secondary compartment having the dispensing orifice therein. The at least one compartment according to the invention may also make up a dog or cat collar with the at least one compartment being a primary compartment having secondary compartments extending vertically or perpendicularly from each end thereof. The packing material filling the compartment or compartments is saturated with the insecticide composition by adding it through a hole which may be made by a syringe. When the dispenser comprises only one compartment, this same hole may serve as the dispensing orifice. The dispenser of the invention may be recharged with insecticide in the same or a similar manner.

Brief Description of the Drawing For a better understanding of my invention, reference will now be made to the drawing in which.

Fig. 1 depicts a view from one side of a dispenser according to the invention having one primary compartment and one secondary compartment of lesser volume and adapted for attachment to the ear of a cow. Fig. 2 is a cross section taken at II-II of

Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a semi-prospective view from one side of a collar-type dispenser according to the invention designed to apply insecticide to a domestic animal and having two secondary compartments, one on each side of a primary compartment.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the other side of the dispenser shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a broken away partial longitudinal cross section .through^'the center and inside of the domestic animal insecticide applicator of Figs. 3 and 4.

Fig. 6 is a transverse cross section of the domestic animal insecticide applicator of Figs. 3 and 4 taken at VI-VI of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a view from one side of a browband insecticide dispenser adapted to fit on the brow of a horse and having a horizontal primary compartment with secondary compartments extending perpendicularly there from at each end thereof. Fig. 8 and 9 are respective front and rear views of single compartment dispensers.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the embodiment of Figs. 8 and 9 showing in addition how a hypodermic needle may be used to make a hole in the compartment for adding the insecticide to the mass of packing material, a hole which may later be used as an orifice or required for dispensing insecticide from the packing.

Fig. 11 is a prospective view from one side of the browband insecticide dispenser of Fig. 7.

Fig. 12 is a slightly enlarged view of the browband insecticide dispenser of Fig. 7 broken away at one end thereof to show in section a portion of the continuous mass of fabric packing material extending from the primary compartment perpendicularly or vertically through a restricted control opening into one of the two secondary compartments and on into a dispensing orifice to a plane flush with an external surface of a wall of the one of the two secondary compartments.

Detailed Description of the Drawing and of Certain mhf.f -iTrKant-t-s _Qf the Invention

The dispenser of the invention 10 is made up of a single primary-single smaller secondary compar tent configurations depicted in Figs. 1 and 2 or a plur, ity or t,iries or sequence of compartments 12, 14 as depict-ed in Figs. 3-7, inclusive, and 11 and 12. The single primary-single smaller secondary compartment configuration' 12 or compartments 12, 14 have at least one dispensing orifice 30 into which a continuous mass of fabric packing material 20 saturated with insecticide extends as far as an outer end thereof. A tape 35 may be placed over dispensing orifice 30 to prevent escape of insecticide between manufacture and the time the in-secticide dispenser 10 is applied to the cow, horse, or other farm or domestic animal.

Where there Sre two or more compartments 12, 14, this material extends through a channel 22 in a wall therebetween. The collar illus-trated in Figs 3 and 4 has a buckle 26 for attaching around the neck of a cat or dog, for example, whereas the browband of Fig. 7 may have a strap 36 which runs through loops 38 and fastens it to a bridle, for ex-ample. On the other hand, the tag-type dispenser such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and 8 and 9, may be attached to a cow's ear by a rivet 40 running through an ear lobe 42 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The same dispenser of Figs. 1 and 2 may have a cap or stopper 32 with a vent 34 for closing and opening through which packing material filling the dispenser 10 was saturated with insecticide as shown in Fig. 10. The new insecticide composition which I have formulated after extensive research and found can be safely and effectively dispensed in a dispenser accord¬ ing to my invention without adversely affecting the en¬ vironment or becoming sublethal is made up in percent by weight 5-30% insecticide selected from the group consisting of pyrethrin, permethrin and organophosphate such as diazinon, 15-50% piperonyl butoxide, 25-50% petroleum distillate and 10-40% inert carrier (which may be oil or water-based) . Following are specific examples showing narrower ranges of components for use of the specific or particular insecticide used. Pyrethrin 5-12%

Piperonyl Butoxide 38-42%

Petroleum Distillate 30-34% Inert Carrier 18-22% Permethrin (including less than 1% 8-12% related reaction products)

Piperonyl Butoxide 38-42% Petroleum Distillate 30-34% Inert Carrier 18-22% Diazinon 18-22%

( o, o, diethyl o, (2 isopropy-6-methyl

-4-pyrimidinyl phosphorothioate)

Piperonyl Butoxide 18-22%

Petroleum Distillate 40-45% Inert Carrier 10-15%

The following specific compositions have proved highly effective in the insecticide dispenser of the invention in controlling hornflies and like insect pests on cattle for long periods without becoming sublethal.

Pyrethrin

Piperonyl Butoxide Petroleum Distillate Inert Carrier Permethrin

Piperonyl Butoxide Petroleum Distillate Inert Carrier

Diazinon Piperonl Butoxide

Petroleum Distillat Inert Carrier

The following table reports data obtained in field test on cattle tagged with dispensers of the invention containing compositions of the invention.

Mean Number of Horn Flies per Side on Cattle Tagged with Dispenser

Similar to that of Figures 1,2,8,9, & 10

Date 20% Diazinon 10% Permethrin Control

(Formulation (Formulation (No Hereinabove) Hereinabove) Insecticide)

233.5

181.0 244.4 225.0 133.3 229.5

210.5 149.3 131.0 205.0 143.5

91.8

While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, the claims appended hereto are intended to encompass all embodiments which fall within the spirit of the invention.

Claims (17)

C A I M S

1. A rechargeable dispenser for releasing insecticide to livestock and domestic animals which comprises at least one flexible primary compartment and at least one flexible secondary compartment of lesser volume than said at least one flexible primary compartment, said dispenser having at least one dispensing orifice in a wall of said at least one secondary compartment and said at least one primary compartment and said at least one secondary compartment being filled with a continuous mass of fabric packing material saturated with insecticide filling all the space inside said dispenser and extending through a restricted control opening between compartments and into and on inside said at least one dispensing orifice to a plane flush with an outer surface of said wall.

2. The dispenser of claim one, wherein the insecticide is selected from the group consisting of pyrethrin, permethrin and organophosphate.

3. The dispenser of claim one, wherein the insecticide is selected from the group consisting of pyrethrin, permethrin and diazinon.

4. A dispenser according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said flexible compartment comprises a cow tag.

5. A dispenser according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said flexible compartment comprises a browband.

6. A dispenser according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said flexible compartment comprises a collar.

7. A dispenser according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein said at least one flexible primary compartment is immediately above said at least one flexible secondary compartment of lesser volume and said dispenser is adapted to be attached to the ears of livestock.

8. A dispenser according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one flexible primary compartment and said at least one flexible secondary compartment comprise a single primary compartment between two secondary compartments one at each end thereof and said at least one dispensing orifice comprises a plurality of orifice at least one of which is in one of said two secondary compartments and at least one other of which is in the other of said two secondary compartments.

9. A dispenser according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said at least one flexible primary compartment and said at least one secondary flexible compartment comprise a single primary compartment and two secondary compartments, one extending perpendicularly from said single primary compartment from a point near one end thereof and the other extending vertically from a point near the other end thereof, and said at least one restricted control opening comprises two such openings, one leading from said single primary compartment to one of said two secondary compartments and the other of said two restricted control openings leading to the other of said secondary compartments.

10. An insecticide composition consisting essentially of 5-30% by weight insecticide selected from the group consisting of pyrethrin, permethrin and organophosphate, 15- 50% by weight piperonyl butoxide, 25-50% by weight petroleum distillate and 20-40% by weight inert carrier.

11. An insecticide composition consisting essentially of 5-12% by weight pyrethrin, by weight piperonyl butoxide, 38-42% by weight petroleum distillate and 18-22% by weight inert carrier.

12. An insecticide composition consisting of essentially 8-12% by weight permethrin, 38-42% by weight piperonyl butoxide, 30-34% by weight petroleum distillate and lβ-22% by weight inert carrier.

13. An insecticide composition consisting essentially of 18-22% by weight diazinon, 18-22% by weight piperonyl butoxide, 40-45% by weight petroleum distillate and 10-15% by weight inert carrier.

14. An insecticide composition consisting essentially of 8% by weight pyrethrin, 40% by weight piperonyl butoxide, 32% by weight petroleum distillate and 20% by weight inert carrier.

15. An insecticide composition consisting essentially of about 11% by weight permethrin, 40% by weight piperonyl.

16. A process for dispensing insecticide which comprises filling a dispenser comprising at least one flexible primary compartment and at least one flexible secondary compartment of lesser volume than said one flexible primary compartment with a continuous mass of fibrous packing material so that it extends continuously through at least one restricted control opening between said at least one flexible primary compartment and on into and through at least one dispensing orifice in a wall of said at least flexible secondary compartment to a plane flush with an outer wall, saturating said mass of fabric packing material inside said dispenser with insecticide, releasing said insecticide from said mass in a controlled manner on to the body of an animal upon contact of a portion of said mass in said at least one orifice with said body and replenishing said insecticide in said portion of said continuous mass in said at least one orifice by insecticide automatically flowing from another portion of said mass inside said dispenser.

17. A process according to claim 16, wherein said dispenser is refilled after it becomes exhausted.