AU667905B2 - Paving composition, cushion material and horse race track made thereof - Google Patents

Description

66795

AUSTRALIA

PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION NAME OF APPLICANT(S): Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. AND The Japan Racing Association ADDRESS FOR SERVICE: DAVIES COLLISON CAVE S, Patent Attorneys 1 Little Collins Street, Melbourne, 3000.

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I INVENTION TITLE: Paving composition, cushion material and horse race track made thereof t t The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:-

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1A- FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a paving composition, a cushion or trackbed material and a bnrse race track made thereof. More particularly, it relates to a paving composition and a cushion or trackbed material, suitable for dirt tracks for racing, rearing, grazing or training, and a horse race track made thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Heretofore, in various riding grounds such as race dirt tracks, a trackbed (or loadbed) material and a cushion material are laid thereon uniformly using natural sand, etc. In a riding-ground such as horse race track using natural sand, if the sand is used as a trackbed material there is obtained an appropriate supporting force, while if it is a cushion sand, there are obtained appropriate cushioning property and foothold. Therefore, a riding-ground using natural sand is preferred as a riding-ground suitable for horse exercise provided it is well drained and daily 15 maintenance and management are performed to a satisfactory extent.

0 However, a riding-ground using natural sand possesses an insufficient cushioning property for horses having injured legs. A substitute using wood tips in place of natural sand has been proposed but includes a drawback of insufficient foothold.

4 0 0 4 In a dry season such as a summer season wherein the atmospheric temperature rises, the water content of the cushion material becomes lower, t It. resulting in poor foothold, thus impairing smooth running of a horse; furthermore, dust may blow up impeding the sight of man and horse, thus causing accidents. In order to avoid these inconveniences water is sprinkled on the cushion material.

Conversely, on a rainy day in the rainy season, the water content of the cushion material and that of the trackbed material as a support layer becomes higher than necessary, with the result that in the cushion layer, muddy lumps are spattered with the running of horses thereon impeding the sight of succeeding man and horse and thus causing accidents. In order to avoid the gathering of rainwater r'a- .960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm L -2on the cushion material, it is required that water be removed from the cushion material or a hood pulled up over the cushion material.

In a cold season, since gravitational water and absorbed water between sand grains may be frozen, not only is the exercise of horse impaired but also there is a danger of a violent fall, etc, and hence it may be necessary to stop horse exercise and racing. In order to avoid freezing of water it is necessary to sprinkle calcium chloride granules or to pull up a hood and thereby cover the cushion material all night, which causes a great deal of cost and labor.

Various cushion materials have been proposed as substitutes for natural sand. For example, Japanese Patent Application Lay-open No. 274,905/1990 discloses a cushion material for use in a riding-ground comprising sand coated with an asphalt, a plant oil and a titan powder having a surface area of not less than 15 3,000 cm 2 European Patent Application Publication No. 466,514 also discloses E a cushion or trackbed material for use in a riding-ground comprising sand coated O*l, with a carboxy or anhydride group containing olefine polymer or an oxygeno.o. containing wax. United States Patent No. 3,272,098 still discloses a paving composition comprising polyumthane rubber and resilient aggregate such as synthetic cork. Further still, United States Patent No. 4,819,933 discloses an allweather surface for equestrian events or sports events comprising a layer of material comprising a mixture of sand and synthetic fibers. In addition, USP 3,437,614 teaches a paving composition comprising 0.3 to 5.0 by weight of cork, 0.2 to 5.0 by weight of asbestos, 77 to 96.5% by weight of mineral aggregate and a binder composition containing a specified polypropylene, a petroleum resin and a plasticizer mineral oil. European Patent Application No. 231,057 discloses substitute soil material comprising sand treated with a binder ccimprising a polymeric material dispersed or dissolved in an oil having a viscosity such that it is substantially non-fluid at ambient temperature.

However, such paving compositions or cushion materials have included some T.Pta, drawbacks.

960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm,2 -3 When cushion materials disclosed in JP 374905/1990 are used for the exercise and running of a horse in the rain, outflow of asphalt or plant oil contained in them is caused, resulting in their foothold becoming gradually poor. Cushion materials disclosed in European Patent Application Publication No. 466,514, when it rains, cause rain puddles on hoof trails because of their poor water permeability, resulting in frozen puddles in winter season. In all-weather tracks disclosed in USP 4,819,933, easy separation of fibers from sand is caused by hollowing or exercise of horses resulting in their water permeability and cushioning properties becoming poor. Paving compositions disclosed in USP 3,437,614 provide unsteady and irregular race conditions through full season because they are apt to change in their tenacity with atmospheric temperature. Substitute ground surface materials disclosed in European Patent Application Publication No. 231,057 are disposed to a lowering in their tenacity and water permeability because of great changes in viscosity of oil contained therein with atmospheric temperature. They are also apt 15 to provide stick cushions in the summer season and be made firm and compact by repeated exercise of horses thereon, resulting in a decrease in running performance.

In addition, they are disposed to freezing because of their poor water permeability.

The above paving compositions or cushion materials have poor durability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect the present invention provides a paving composition comprising 0.1 to 30 by weight of a synthetic resin having a contact angle of at least 95 degrees, 0.1 to 30 by weight of an oil and 40 to 99.8 by weight of sand, wherein said resin is a silicone resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic or methacrylic resin having a polyurethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety, or a fluoropolymer.

According to another aspect the invention provides a cushion or trackbed material for use in a riding-ground which comprises sand coated with a mixture comprising 0.1 to 30 by weight of a synthetic resin having a contact angle of at least 95 degrees and 0.1 to 30 by weight of an oil based on a total amount of sand, said resin and said oil, wherein said resin is a silicone resin, a polyurethane 960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clni,3 y -4resin, an acrylic or methacrylic resin having a polyurethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety, or a fluoropolymer.

According to a further aspect the present invention provides a horse racing track or riding surface prepared by laying the above paving composition or cushion or trackbed material.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The sand used in accordance with the present invention is not particularly limited, its shape and size being variable. Suitable sands may include natural sands such as river sands, mountain sand and sea sand, artificial sand such as crushed sand, as well as silica sand and granulated slag from a blast furnace. No special jlimitation is placed on the water content of the sand. Therefore, it is not essential to use a dehydrated dry sand, according to the present invention, although it is 1i 15 preferred that the content be predetermined.

I 'It is also desirable that the sand have a grain size of from 2 mm to 0.075 mm.

The synthetic resin according to the present invention is not substantially 'i limited provided it possesses a contact angle of not less than 95 degrees and is preferably substantially water insoluble. Preferred resins possess a contact angle of not less than 100 degrees in view of draining and non-freezing properties.

Such resins may be used in the form of a liquid or solid. An emulsion or solution of the resin may also be used. Both thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins, including one component and polycomponent types, may be used.

Preferably, the resin is of a hardenable and a liquid type, or a formable type and an emulsion type.

Suitable resins include a silicone resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic or 'v:(NX methacrylic resin having a polysiloxane moiety and/or a polyurethane moiety, and 960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.cln,4 :r 3 i a fluoropolymer such as a poly(vinylidenefluoride), a hexafluoropropylene polymer, poly(vinylperfluoroalkylether) and mixtures thereof. The resin of foamable type is, for example, foamable silicone resin such as "SE 1900" provided by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Kabushikikaisha in Japan and high density foamable polyurethane resin. The resin of hardenable type is, for example, a moisture-curable silicone resin, a moisture-curable polyurethane, a combination of an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and a curing agent such as polyhydric alcohol, a (meth)acrylate-silicone interpolymer, a (meth)acrylate-silicone-urethane interpolymer. Among these resins, a silicone resin and a polyurethane resin are preferred. A silicone resin and a polyurethane resin of an emulsion, a foamable or a hardenable type are preferred. Also, an acrylic or methacrylic resin having a poly-urethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety and a fluoropolymer are preferred.

Suitable oils include a silicone oil; a plant oil such as a linseed oil, a tall oil, a coconut oil; a mineral oil thickened by a viscosity index improver such as polyalkylmethacrylate and an oil-soluble polyether. Such silicone oils include a polydialkylsiloxane such as polydimethylsiloxane, and a polyalkylarylsiloxane such as polyalkylphenylsiloxane. Such polyethers include an alkyl etherated compound of an alkylene oxide adduct of an active hydrogen-containing compound such as a 20 polyoxyalkyleneglycol monoalkyl ether. The above adduct is known in polyurethane and detergent industries. For example, the active hydrogen-containing compounds are mono- or polyhydric alcohols, carboxylic acids and amines. The alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and styrene oxide.

Among these, a silicone oil and an oil-soluble polyether are preferred. More preferred are a polydialkylsiloxane and a 'polyoxyalkyleneglycol monoalkyl ether having molecular weight of 1,000 to 4,000.

Viscosity of the oil according to the present invention usually ranges from 5 to 100,000 centistokes, preferably from 100 to 30,000 centistokes and more preferably from 500 to 10,000 centistokes at 25 oC. When it is below 5 centistokes, durability of the paving composition may be lowered because of an easy outflow of (Ct

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960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm,5 the oil. V composition It is temperaturc -6hen it is over 100,000 centistokes, the cushioning property of the may be lowered.

preferred that the ratio of the viscosity of the oil at 25 °C to that at a ranging from -20 °C to 60 °C is within the range from 0.6 to a 0 o a* 9 0*a* p4;4 a Sa o a I a 4

C

The pour point of the oil is preferably not higher than 0 more preferably not higher than -20 most preferably not higher than -50 When it is over 0 the oil may freeze and hence the exercise of a horse may be impeded.

The synthetic resin is contained in the paving composition in an amount which is suitably 0.1 to 30 by weight, preferably 1 to 20 by weight, and more preferably 2 to 10 by weight of the paving composition. When the resin content is below 0.1 by weight, dust may be blown up and the paving composition may 15 freeze in a cold season. When it is over 30 by weight, its cushioning property may be lowered.

The bulk specific gravity of the paving composition or cushion or trackbed material of the present invention usually ranges from 0.1 to 1.2 grams per cubic 20 centimetre, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 grams per cubic centimetre. When it is below 0.1 grams per centimetre, its foothold may become poor. When it is over 1.2 grams per cubic centimetre, the paving composition may sustain damage :esulting from the repeated exercise of horses, thus resulting in a lowering of the durability.

The paving composition of the present invention may contain a coloring agent such as a pigments, a UV absorbing agent and an antioxidant in an amount not lowering accompanying characteristics of the present invention.

The paving composition of the present invention is obtained by mixing the sand, the oil and the synthetic resin, accompanied with the above additives if necessary, and then removing water or solvent contained therein or curing by application of heat if necessary.

960125,p:\operadd,40159-93.cm,6 L

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-7- The mixing can be conducted on the working site or at a manufacturing plant. In both cases a uniform composition can be produced. The preferred mixing is achieved by adding to the sand, in order, the oil and the synthetic resin. The water content of sand is preferably predetermined so that accurate amounts of the oil and the synthetic resin may be fed.

Sand coated by a mixture comprising 0.1 to 30 by weight of the abovementioned synthetic resin and 0.1 to 30 by weight of the above-mentioned oil based on a total amount of the coated sand provides a cushion material or trackbed material. The paving composition according to the present invention when laid provides a horse race track. It is preferably laid down at a thickness of 3 to 15 cm.

Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group I of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.

S'EXAMPLE

Examples of the present invention and comparative examples will be described below, but it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereby.

*I i t- SEvaluation 1. Water-proofness Test After 500ml of tap water is boiled in a beaker, 30 g of each paving 25 composition is poured into a beaker and kept standing for 10 minutes. Thereafter, whether oil is floating on the water surface is visually checked.

2. Hardness and Tenacity They are measured under a load of 400 grams by means of a Neo Curdmeter model M-302(available from lio Denki Kabushikikaisha in Japan). An average value is obtained by measuring 5 times on each sample.

96 0125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm,7 -8- 3. Bulk Specific Gravity This is measured in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard K 3362.

4. Water Permeability i 5 This is measured in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard A 1200.

5. Freezing Test On a laboratory scale A cushion specimen made of the paving composition is sprinkled with water and allowed to drain for 30 minutes, and after standing for 24 hours at -20 0

C,

whether the specimen is disentangled when it is pressed with a finger is checked.

O represents that the specimen was disentangled when it was lightly pressed.

A represents that the specimen was disentangled when it was strongly pressed.

Field Test After a horse racing track prepared by laying down the cushion material stands in the rain oi in the snow followed by standing at atmospheric temperature below freezing point, the cushion is checked to determine whether it becomes I disentangled.

O represents the cushion was disentangled when it was lightly pressed.

J 20 X represents the cushion was frozen.

X represents the specimen was not disentangled even when it was strongly pressed.

I1 6. Durability A constant amount of the paving composition is ground down in an automatic mortar (mc.

1 el ANM-200, available from Nitto Kagaku Kabushikikaisha in Japan). Thereafter its bulk specific gravity is measured in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard K 3362. When natural sand is used in a horse racing track for 2 years, its bulk specific gravity rises to 1.67 grams per cubic centimetre.

7. Pour point S:y 'This is measured in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard K 2269.

9601 25 ,p:\oper\add,40159-93.cm,8 L -9- 8. Contact Angle Fifty microns thin film made of the synthetic resin according to the present invention stuck on a clean glass plate is measured under the condition of 25 OC and relative humidity 65 by means of a contact angle-measuring apparatus (model CA-S150 available from Kyowa Kaimen Kagaku Kabushikikaisha in Japan).

EXAMPLE 1 Twelve parts by weight of PERMARIN UA-300 (39 polyurethane emulsion in which polyurethane resin itself possesses a contact angle of 100 degrees, available from Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. in Japan), 12 parts by weight of silicone oil possessing a viscosity of 1,000 cenustokes at 25 OC and a pour point of °C (available from Toray Dow Corning Silicone Kabushikikaisha under the tradename of "SH 200") and 400 parns by weight of sea sand from Aomori in Japan were mixed for 5 minutes i7 an universal mixer (model 5DM-L-03-r, available from SA' A 15 Kabush!kikaisha Sanei Seisakusho in Japan) and then kept stand at room temperature for 8 hours. A paving composition was thus obtained. The composition comprised the sand coated with a mixture of the resin and the oil, t above-mentioned.

Table-1 below shows water-proofness, hardness, tenacity, bulk specific gravity, water permeability and freezing property of the composition and Table-2 shows its durability.

960125p:\oper\add4015993.c 9 "960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.ch,9 Table-i 0, 040 4'o *0 Paving composition 1 2 3 4 6 7 Waterproofness No outflow of oil No outflow of oil No outflow of oil No outflow of oil No outflow of oil No outflow of oil No outflow of oil Hardness dyn/cm 2 8.6X10 4 9.2X10 4 8.8X10 4 8.6X10 4 2.3X10 4 9.2xl0 4 9.0X 10 4 Tenacity dyn. sec/cm 3 9.2X105 8.6x105 9. 3 105 8.9x105 1.2X10 5 8. 8 105 8.3X105 Bulk specific gravity g/cm 3 0.71 0.73 0.74 0.73 1.41 0.94 0.88 shows values obtained before content.

adjustment of water c Table-i (continued) Paving composition 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Water permeability Freezing test (cm/sec) 1.52 Xl0- 2 0 1. 47 X10- 2 0 1. 69 Xl0- 2 0 1. 41 X10- 2 0 1.-01 X 10- 2 1. 21 X10- 2

A

1.-27 X10- 2 0

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*1t

A

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S C St g Il S 9I15 Table-2 Paving Bulk specific gravity Composition Freshly prepared After one hour elapsed 1 0.71 0.90 2 0.73 0.87 3 0.74 0.8 4 0.73 0.91 1.41 0.94 0.88 1 .67 1 .16 1.21 47 :1

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4 EXAMPLE 2 In the same manner of Example 1 except using 12 parts by weight of linseed oil possessing viscosity of 100 centistokes at 25 °C and pour point of -20 °C in place of silicone oil of Example 1, the paving composition was obtained. The composition comprised the sand coated with a mixture of the resin and the oil, above-mentioned.

Table-i below shows water-proofness, hardness, tenacity, bulk specific gravity, water permeability and freezing property of the composition(2) and Table-2 below shows its durability.

EXAMPLE 3 In the same manner of Example 1 except using 12 parts by weight of foamable, RTV silicone resin possessing a contact angle of 105 degree (available from Toray Dow Corning Silicone Kabusikikaisha in Japan under the tradename of "SE1900")in place of polyulethane emulsion of Example 1, the paving composition(3) was obtained. The composition comprised the sand coated with a mixture of the resin and the oil, abovementioned.

Table-1 below shows water-proofness,hardness, tenacity, bulk specific gravity, water permeability and freezing property of the composition and Table-2 shows its durability.

EXAMPLE 4 13 In the same manner of Example 1 except using 10 parts by weight of Newpol LB-1715 (polyoxypropyleneglycol monobutyl ether possessing viscosity of 2400 cst and pour point of available from Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in place of silicone oil of Example 1, the paving composition was obtained. The composition(4) comprised the sand coated with a mixture of the resin and the oil, above-mentioned.

Table-1 below shows water-proofness, hardness, tenacity, bulk specific gravity, water permeability and freezing property of the composition and Table-2 below shows its durability.

EXAMPLE A riding ground 150 meters round and 10 meters wide was made by laying down the composition(l) in the thickness of 8 cm on a ground.

The ground was used for exercise of horses in rainy days or in fine days through season from summer to winter.

The water permeability ,the bulk specific gravity, the I hardness, the tenacity and the freezing property is evaluated 4 l for the ground after pa~ssages of one month, three months or six months. Test results are set forth in Table-3.

i EXAMPLE 6 SIn the same manner of Example 5 except using the composition in place of composition of Example 5, a riding ground was made and evaluated. Test results are set forth in Table-3.

TablJe-3 Term of Exercise of Horse Riding ground Hardness Tenacity Bulk specif ic gravity 909~ a 40 0 004*0 00*0 dyn/cm 2 dyn sec/cm 3 g/cm A 8. 6 X10 4 9.2 X10 b 0.71 No exercise B 9. 8 Xl0 4 9.3 X10l5 0.74 C 2. 3 X10 4 1.2 X10 5 1.41 A 8.5 X10 4 9.1 X 10 b 0.72 One month B 9. 6 X10 4 9,2 X10 5 0.75 C 2. 2 X10 4 1.2 X10 5 1.44 A 8. 04 9.0 X10 b 0.74 Three months B 9. 3 X10 4 9.1 >10 5 0.76 C 2. 2X 10 1.1 )<10 5 1.48 A 8. 2 X10 4 8.9 ><10 0.76 Six months B 9. 0 X10 4 8.9 X10l5 0.78 C 2. 1 X10 4 1.1 )<10 5 1.51 *0 *shows values content.

obtained before adjustment of water TablJe-3 (conteinued) Term of Exercise of Horse Riding ground

A

B

C

Water permeability Freezing (cm/sec) test 1. 52lO Q0 1. 47 X10- 2 0 i.oi>X i0- 2 x No exercise ii ii Ii ii A A 1. 51 X 10- 0 One month B 1. 46 X10- 2 0 C 0. 98 X10O 2 A 1. 49 X10~ Q2 Three months B 1. 45 X10O 2 0 C 0 .95 X10O 2 A 1. 47 X10- 4 0 Six months B 1. 43 X10O 2 0 C 0. 89 X10O 2 COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 A paving composition was obtained by mixing sea sand of Example 1 with 4 to 6 %d by weight of water based on the sand.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 After mixing 100 parts by weight of sea sand of Example 1 dried at 11 0 0C, 0. 5 parts by weight of titan powder for seconds in the universal mixer of Example 1, 2.5 parts by weight of hot straight asphalt, 2 parts by weight of petroleum oil fraction and 0.5 parts by weight of tall oil were added in order and mixed for additional 40 seconds. A paving j composition was thus obtained.

i Table-1 below shows water-proofness, hardness, tenacity, bulk specific gravity, water permeability and freezing iproperty of the composition and Table-2 shows its durability.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 A petroleum oil fraction having viscosity 1,000 centistokes at 20 °C was heated to 160 C One part of by weight of poly(etylene-vinylacetate) containing 28 vinyl acetate having a contact angle of 71 degrees and a meltflow index of 25 was then added to the heated oil in a ratio of 1 i part the resin to 9 parts oil by weight and caused to dissolve Sby stirring in the universal mixer of Example 1. The dry I sand of Example 1 was then added to the mixture in the ratio of 154 parts sand to 6.5 parts mixture and thoroughly mixed.

A paving composition was thus obtained.

Table-1 below shows water-proofness, hardness, tenacity, bulk specific gravity, water permeability and freezing I property of the composition and Table-2 shows its i durability.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 A riding ground 170 meters round and 10 meters wide was made by laying the composition in the thickness of 8 p 1

L,

-7i- 1 cm on a ground.

The ground was used for exercise of horse in rainy days or in fine days through season from summer to winter.

The water permeability, the bulk specific gravity, the I hardness, the tenacity and the freezing property is evaluated :4i for the ground after passages of one month, three months ii or six months. Test results are set forth in Table-3.

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j ii I i I i 1 -E i A-

Claims (12)

1. A paving composition comprising 0.1 to 30 by weight of a synthetic resin having a contact angle of at least 95 degrees, 0.1 to 30 by weight of an oil and 40 to 99.8 by weight of sand, wherein said resin is a silicone resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic or methacrylic resin having a polyurethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety, or a fluoropolymer.

2. The paving composition according to Claim 1, which has a bulk specific gravity of 0.1 to 1.2 grams per cubic centimetre.

3. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the resin is a silicone resin or a polyurethane resin. I r I S 15 4. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the resin is an acrylic S.'or methacrylic resin having a polyurethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety, or is a fluoropolymer.

5. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the oil is a silicone I 20 oil or an oil-soluble polyether. S6. The paving composition according to Claim 5, wherein the oil is a silicone oil which is a polydialkylsiloxane.

7. The paving composition according to Claim 5, wherein the oil is an oil- I soluble polyether which is a polyoxyalkylene glycol monoalkyl ether having molecular weight of 1,000 to 4,000.

8. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the oil is a plant oil or a thickened mineral oil. T* 9. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the S960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm,18 -19 oil ranges from 5 to 100,000 centistokes at 25 OC. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the pour point of the oil is not higher than -20 °C.

11. The paving composition according to Claim 1, wherein the ratio of the viscosity of the oil at 25 °C to that at a temperature ranging from -20 to 60 °C is in the range from 0.6 to

12. A paving composition according to any one of preceding claims, wherein the resin has a contact angle of at least 100 degrees. i 13. A paving composition according to any one of preceding claims, wherein the I synthetic resin is present in an amount not more than 20% by weight. i 14. A paving composition according to claim 13, wherein the synthetic resin is present in an amount of 1 to 20 by weight. A cushion or trackbed material for use in a riding-ground which comprises r 20 sand coated with a mixture comprising 0.1 to 30 by weight of a synthetic resin i having a contact angle of at least 95 degrees and 0.1 to 30 by weight of an oil based on a total amount of sand, said resin and said oil, wherein said resin is a i silicone resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic or methacrylic resin having a i polyurethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety, or a fluoropolymer.

16. The cushion or trackbed material according to Claim 15, which has a bulk specific gravity of 0.1 to 1.2 grams per cubic centimetre.

17. A horse race track made by laying the paving composition of Claim 1 on a ground. l,:B 18. A horse race track made by laying the cushion or trackbed material of claim I 960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm,19 or claim 16.

19. A paving composition substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples. A cushion or trackbed material substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples.

21. A horse race track substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the Examples. Dated this 25th day of January, 1996 Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. AND The Japan Racing Association S, By DAVIES COLLISON CAVE Patent Attorneys for the Applicant(s) i t t SI ^24'7 960125,p:\oper\add,40159-93.clm,20 'I Abstract A paving composition comprising 0.1 to 30 by weight of a synthetic resin having a contact angle of at least 95 degrees, 0.1 to 30 by weight of an oil and 40 to 99.8 by weight of sand is provided. A silicone resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic or methacrylic resin having a polyurethane moiety or a polysiloxane moiety and a fluoropolymer are preferable for the synthetic resin. A silicone oil, an oil-soluble polyether, a plant oil and a thickened mineral oil are preferable for the oil. This paving composition is suitable for all-weather tracks for use in a riding-ground. I, t