AU638639B2 - Animal feed containing molasses, bentonite and zeolite - Google Patents

Description

OPI DATE 21/10/92 N AOJP DATE 26/11/92 (51) Inm ,,,aiuna ratent Classification 5 A23k 1/02, 1/175 APPLN ID 13732 92 0 PCT NUMBER PCT/AU92/0 01 04 AATION TREATY (PCT) (11) International Publication Number: A (43) International Publication Date: WO 92/16114 I October 1992 (01.10.92) (74) Agent: GRANT ADAMS COMPANY; 144 Edward (21) International Application Number: (22) International Filing Date: Priority data: PK 5042 12 March PL 0091 18 Decerr PCT/AU92/00104 10 March 1992 (10.03.92) 1991 (12.03.91) AU iber 1991 (18.12.91) AU (74) Agent: GRANT ADAMS COMPANY; 144 Edward Street, GPO Box 1413, Brisbane, QLD 4000 (AU).

(81) Designated States: AU, JP, KR, US.

Published With international search report.

With amended claims.

638639 (71) Applicants (for all designated States except US): KEMP, Heath, Susan [AU/AU]; Caslick Lane, Broadwater via Stanthorpe, QLD 4380 NOUGHER, Marjorie, Jean [AU/AU]; The Fall Road, Tenterden via Gyra, NSW 2365 (AU).

(71X72) Applicants and Inventors: KEMP, Philip, William [AU/ AU]; Caslick Lane, Broadwater via Stanthorpe, QLD 4380 NOUGHER, Thomas, Hall [AU/AU); The Fall Road, Tenterden via Gyra, NSW 2365 (AU).

(54) Title: ANIMAL FEED CONTAINING MOLASSES, BENTONITE AND ZEOLITE (57) Abstract An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising molasses (or by-products thereof) mixed with sorptive materials, including bentonite and zeolite. Hydrated lime may be added as a source of calcium, to improve pellet quality, for moisture absorbency and for pH control. Cereal grains, trace elements, bypass proteins and other additives may be included in the mix to tailor the animal feed to the user's requirements.

WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 1 Title: ANIMAL FEED CONTAINING MOLASSES, BENTONITE AND ZEOLITE.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention THIS INVENTION relates to an animal feed. The animal feed may be fed directly to animals, preferably ruminants, in granular or solid block form; or may be mixed with feed supplements, trace elements, protein meals, cereals, hay and/or the like.

Prior Art For many years, the benefits of molasses in stock feeding have been well recognised. These include increased palatability, improved aroma, dust suppression, higher feed intake and extra energy.

However, with few exceptions, the practical limitations of molasses inclusion in diets have been difficult to surmount. The major exceptions have been the feed lot industry and selected feed mills with spray line equipment for molasses inclusion to a maximum of 3% by weight.

Recognising these advantages and disadvantages of handling the product, numerous attempts have been made to present the produ.ct in a free-flowing form.

These systems have been based on the following techniques: Microwave treatment of dehydrated molasses in a well-presented form this suffers from hygroscopic absorption and is a costly addition to normal feed rations; Molasses mixed with copra meal this is not suitable for mono-gastrics due to the high fibre percentage of the mixture; and Molasses blended with diatomite the silica level is disadvantageous to nutrition.

A solid animal feed supplement, comprising chiefly of molasses, whey, or a lignin sulfonate, in solid block form, is disclosed in AU-B-19119/76 (505607) (PACIFIC KENYON CORPORATION). This patent discloses a feed supplement where the carbohydrate content is present at a concentration of from 45-93% by weight, and one potential source of the carbohydrate is molasses.

The patent describes a supplement which requires the addition of solidifying ingredients (including a soluble phosphate or phosphoric acid) sufficient to solidify the supplement into solid block form. The method is not suitable for the production of animal feed in granular form.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an animal feed based on molasses (or molasses sourced products, or by-products) which is relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture.

It is a preferred object to provide a feed which is highly palatable, does not take up atmospheric moisture, can be handled through normal conveying systems and can be bagged without lumps being formed.

It is a further preferred object to provide a feed which is suitable for bulk-bag filling or silo storage.

It is a further preferred object to provide a method of coating cereal grains.

Other preferred objects will become apparent from the following description.

In one aspect, the present invention resides in an animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising 30 Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or byproducts thereof); at least one moisture absorbent including at least one of bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.

Preferably, the bentonite and zeolite act as sorptive materials for the moisture in the Dunder and -molasses as the materials are mixed and bound together.

In the granular form, hydrated lime may be added to the ingredients as a source of calcium, to improve pellet quality, for moisture absorbency and for pH control.

Magnesium oxide, trace elements, sulphur, calcium, potassium, elementary phosphorus and bypass proteins, cereal grains (eg. wheat, barley, oats, rye, sorghum) and other additives may be added to the basic ingredients to enable the feed to be tailored to the end-user's requirements.

The molasses may be molasses obtained from a sugar mill (or be a by-product of molasses fermentation). The molasses can be any sugar-containing molasses such as cane or blackstrap molasses, beet molasses, converted molasses, wood sugar molasses, hydrosyrup, citrus molasses or the like.

Dunder is normally a mill-waste product with no commercial value. It may be obtained from the mills at little, if any, cost. It is a natural source of potassium and nitrogen and is available in the protein from yeast cells as a mineral fortification to organic fertilizers. (The feed may be mixed in soils as a nutrient therefor.) In a preferred embodiment, the properties of the ingredients, expressed in percent by weight, may be: Dunder/Dunder and molasses: 10-60% Bentonite: 10-80% Zeolite: 10-80% 'Chemical dehydrating agent: 0-30% If hydrated lime is added, it may be added in 30 the range of 0-15%, while magnesium oxide may be added in the range of 0-25% for the treatment of grass tetany.

Preferably, the bentonite, zeolite, hydrated lime, trace elements, and other additives are mixed dry in a mixture before the molasses is added and the moisture therein is absorbed by the bentonite and zeolite. The mixture is pumped out and may be allowed to cure. If hydrated lime is added to the mix, the curing time may be in the range of 6-8 hours.

Preferably, the curing time for the mix is 0-12 hours, dependent, inter alia, on the temperature, humidity, percentage of molasses, percentage of lime, and other factors. If the mixture is fed from the mixer in granular form, the granules are preferably spread out on a surface to dry.

In an alternative embodiment, bentonite, zeolite, cereal grain(s) and/or bypass proteins may be mixed together dry and passed through and extruded, and the extruded pelletized material is then mixed with molasses and hydrated lime in a mixer.

The bypass protein, ie. solvent extracted and extruded protein meals may be selected from, inter alia, meat meal, cottonseed meal, copra meal, linseed meal, fish meal, lupin meal, safflower meal, sunflower meal and/or the like.

Various trace nutrients, antibiotics, amino acids and vitamins can also be incorporated in the feed composition, including vitamins A, C and E, tocopherols, as well as antioxidants for these materials such as ethoxyquin 2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2, 2, 4-trimethyl quinoline). Other additives that can also be included in the composition are promazine hydrochloride, chloromadionone acetate, oxytetracycline, etc. Rumensin can also be added; this is a drug used to control appetite and increase feed efficiency in ruminents.

S: Bloat inhibitors such as poloxaline can also be 30 employed. The quantity and concentration of these materials which can be employed is preferably in accordance with established custom and usage.

In a second aspect, the present invention resides in an animal feed, in granular or solid form, wherein Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or by-products thereof) is WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 used in, or mixed with, a base material with sorptive properties and dehydrated.

The sorptive materials used in the dehydration process may include a heat treated or extruded material.

These materials are preferably heated to a temperature in the range of 90°C to 180°C and may or may not be effected under pressure. This process effectively alters the chemical structure of the materials for a beneficial effect on animal nutrition and may increase the sorptive properties of the materials.

The materials used in this process may include singularly or mixtures of wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, corn, triticale, rice, lupins, peas, beans, canola (rape), peanuts, cottonseed, sunflower, safflower, linseed, vetch and other grains and byproduct meals such as copra meal, palm kernel meal, meat meal, feather meal, fish meal, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, sunflower meal, canola meal, safflower meal and sunflower meal. The mixtures may contain other byproduct materials such as pollard, bran, millrun, cottonseed hulls, gin trash or sunflower hulls.

To these materials or mixtures (pre-heating) may also be added either singularly or mixtures of: Bentonite 0-50% Zeolite 0-50% Molasses (or Dunder) 0-50% Dolomite 0-50% Gypsum 0-50% Urea and other now protein nitrogen (NPN) sources (eg. sulphate of ammonia) 0-30% Diatomite 0-30% The resultant material (post heat treatment) may then be used directly in animal feed or may be used WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 6 as a sorptive material, either by itself or in conjunction with other sorptive materials (eg.

bentonite, zeolite and CaO/MgO) to which molasses or DundPz is then added.

Other products may also be used as sorptive materials, including gypsum, dolomite, and diatomite.

In a third aspect, the present invention resides in a method(s) of manufacture for an animal feed as hereinbefore described.

In fourth and fifth aspects, the present invention relates to a fertilizer having the constituents of the product of the first and second aspects; while in a sixth aspect, the present invention resides in a method of manufacture of a fertilizer in accordance with the methods described.

In a seventh aspect the present invention provides cereal grains or oil seeds coated by the method(s) hereinbefore described.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED

EMBODIMENTS

To enable the invention to be fully understood, a number of examples will now be described.

A. Molasses/bentonite/zeolite mixes FORMULA (percentage by weight) INGREDIENT EX1 EX2 EX3 EX4 Molasses 45 0 60 (Dunder) 0 30 0 0 Bentonite 25 20 10 Zeolite 20 30 10 Hydrated Lime 5 20 10 0 Magnesium Oxide 0 0 5 0 Trace Elements 1 0 0 0 Bypass proteins 4 0 5 All of the ingredients, with the exception of the molasses, are placed in a mixer in a dry state and WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 are mixed until evenly distributed. The molasses (or dunder) is then added to the mixer so that the moisture is absorbed by the bentonite, zeolite and/or hydrated lime.

When the mixture is completely mixed, it is discharged from the mixer in either granular or flowable solid form and is allowed to cure for 4-12 hours before it is bagged or conveyed for storage. The granular forn is preferably spread over a surface and the granules allowed to dry.

In an alternative embodiment, bentonite, zeolite, cereal grain(s) and/or bypass proteins may be mixed together dry and passed through and extruded, and the extruded pelletized material is then mixed with molasses and hydrated lime in a mixer. The granules or pellets now containing the molasses are discharged from the mixer and may be allowed to cure as hereinbefore described.

B. Molasses/soprtive base material mixes Grain Meal Urea Bentonite Zeolite Molasses (Dun) CaO/MgO *Base mat Diatomite Dolomite Gypsum BASE MATERIAL MIXTURES BMEX1 BMEX2 BMEX3 BMEX4 20 20 80 40 20 60 20 SDEX1 50 SECONDARY DEHYDRATION SDEX2 SDEX3 SDEX4 30 30 60 5 SDEX5 40 10 SDEX6 WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 8 Bentonite 5 10 Zeolite 5 5 Urea 10 5 Molasses 50 30 50 30 50 (Dun) CaO/MgO 5 10 By the addition of cereal grains or oil seeds to the mixes described above, the grains seeds may be coated to between 2-80% total mass of product by the methods described above.

The feed may be fed directly to the animals or be mixed with other feed supplements. When passed by the animals, it will become mixed with the soil as a source of nutrients and fertilizer therefor.

The advantages of bentonite, zeolite and the hydrated lime in the feed are as follows: Sodium bentonite: Elimination of acidosis; (ii) Prevention of scours; (iii) Increased salivation; (iv) Improved wool growth; Faster weight gains.

Zeolite: Ammonia retention; (ii) High cationic exchange; (iii) Reduced odour; (iv) Better feed efficiency.

Lime (or magnesium) based products: A source of calcium (or magnesium) in grain based diets; (ii) Moisture absorbency; (iii) pH control.

As stated above, the resultant product is highly palatable for animals, does not take up atmospheric moisture and is easily handled and fed.

WO 92/16114 PT/AU92/00104 9 Potential usage areas include: Magnesium supplementation of cattle for beef and dairy cattle in Australia and New Zealand, through free choice dry mixes, lucerne cube incorporation and lick blocks.

Phosphorus supplementation of cattle in northern Australia; Small feed mills without liquid molasses facilities; Dust suppression in opportunity cattle feed lot rations; Protein feeding to breeder cattle throughout Australia; On farm feed milling (pigs and poultry); Sheep feeding for fertility, lamb birth weights and myco-toxin absorption; Stock block manufacture; Angora and Mohair production; Urea fortified mix.

The embodiments described are by way of example only and various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention defined in the appended claims.

Claims (33)

1. An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or by-products thereof); at least one moisture absorbent including at least one of bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.

2. A feed according to Claim 1 wherein: the molasses is any one or more of the following molasses from a sugar mill; a by-product of molasses fermentation; cane or blackstrap molasses; beet molasses; converted molasses; wood sugar molasses; hydrosyrup and citrus molasses.

3. A feed according to Claim 1 wherein: the chemical dehydrating agent is one or more of the following: calcium oxide, hydrated lime, magnesium oxide, calcium sulphate (gypsum) and diatomite.

4. A feed accordirg to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein: the proportions of the mix are: Dunder/Dunder and molasses: 10-60% bentonite: 10-80% zeolite: 10-80% chemical dehydrating agent: 0-30%, all percentages express by weight.

A feed, according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in granular form, further including hydrated lime in the range of 0-15% by weight as a source of calcium improved pellet quality, for moisture absorbency and for pH 30 control.

6. A feed according to Claim 5 and further including: magnesium oxide in the range of 0-25% by weight for the treatment of grass tetany.

7. A feed according to any one of Claims 1 to 6 and further including any one or more of the following Al as additives: trace elements; sulphur; calcium; potassium; elementary phosphorus; bypass proteins; and cereal grains.

8. A feed according to Claim 7 wherein: the bypass proteins includes any one or more of the following: meat meal; copra meal, linseed meal; fish meal; lupin meal; safflower meal; and sunflower meal.

9. A feed according to Claim 7 whereins the cereal grains includes any one of more of the following: wheat; barley; oats; rye and sorghum.

A feed according to any one of Claims 1 to 9 and further including any one of more of the following additives: trace nutrients; antibiotics; amino acids; vitamins; anti-oxidants; Rumensin and bloat inhibitors.

11. An animal feed, in granular form, comprising Dunder alone; cotton seed; bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.

12. An animal feed, in solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses; cotton seed; bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.

13. A method of manufacturing the animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 12 including the steps of: mixing all the ingredients, exclusive of the Dunder/Dunder and molasses, in a dry state until evenly distributed; adding the Dunder/Dunder and molasses to the mixture so that the moisture in the Dunder/Dunder and molasses is absorbed by the bentonite, zeolite and the chemical dehydrating agent; discharging the mixture from the mixer in either granular or flowable solid form; and r allowing the mixture granules or solids to cure for 4-12 hours.

14. A method according to Claim 12 wherein: the granular form of the mixture is spread over a surface and allowed to dry.

A method of manufacturing the animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 10, including the steps of: mixing all of the ingredients, exclusive of Dunder/Dunder and molasses and the chemical dehydrating agent, in a mixer in a dry state until evenly distributed; extruding the mixture into pellets; mixing the pellets with Dunder/Dunder and molasses and the chemical dehydrating agent in a mixer; discharging the pellets, now containing Dunder/Dunder and molasses, from the mixer; and allowing the pellets to cure for 4-12 hours.

16. An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or by-products thereof) mixed with a base material with sorptive properties and at least one chemical S 25 dehydrating agent, the mixture being dehydrated.

17. An animal feed according to Claim 16 wherein: the molasses is any one or more of the following: molasses from a sugar mill; a by-product of mola'ses fermentation; cane or blackstrap molasses; beet 30 molasses; converted molasses; wood sugar molasses; hydrosyrup and citrus molasses.

18. An animal feed according to Claim 16 or Claim 17 wherein: the base material includes any one or more of the following: cereal grains; oil seeds; by-product meal; ~-A pollard; bran; millrun; gin trash and sunflower hulls.

19. An animal feed according to Claim 18 wherein: the cereal grains and oil seeds include: wheat; barley; rye; oats; sorghum; corn; triticale; rice; lupins; peas; beans; canola (rape); peanuts; sunflower; safflower; linseed; and vetch.

An animal feed according to Claim 18 wherein: the by-product meal includes: copra meal; palm kernel meal; meat meal; feather meal; fish meal; linseed meal; sunflower meal; canola meal; safflower meal and sunflower meal.

21. An animal feed according to any one of Claims 16 to 20 wherein to the mixture of Dunder/Dunder and molasses and base material, one or more of the following ingredients are added before dehydration: bentonite: 0-50% zeolite: 0-50% Dunder/Dunder and molasses: 0-50% dolomite: 0-50% gypsum: 0-50% urea: 0-30% sulphate ammonia: 0-30% diatomite: 0-30%, all percentages being expressed by weight. S 25

22. An animal feed according to any one of Claims 16 to 21 wherein: the proportion of Dunder/Dunder and molasses in the mixture is 10-60% by weight.

23. An animal feed according to any one of Claims 30 16 to 22 wherein: the dehydrated mixture is mixed with bentonite, zeolite, hydrated lime and/or magnesium oxide, to which Dunder/Dunder and molasses is added.

24. An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses, mixed with a base material with sorptive properties, the mixture being dehydrated.

A feed according to Claim 24, wherein the base material includes any one or more of the following: cereal grains; oil seeds; by-product meal; pollard; bran; millrun; gin trash and sunflower hulls.

26. A feed according to Claim 25 wherein: the oil seeds are cotton seed.

27. A method of manufacturing an animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 16 to 26 including the steps of: mixing Dunder alone or in combination with molasses with a base material with sorptive properties in a mixer; and dehydrating the mixture at a temperature of 90-180°C.

28. A method according to Claim 27 wherein: the dehydration is carried out at above atmospheric pressure.

29. A method according to Claim 27 or Claim 28 wherein: after the dehydration step, the mixture is mixed with sorptive materials, to which further Dunder and/or molasses is then added.

A method of coating cereal grains or oil seeds wherein the method of Claim 13 is effected with cereal grains or oil seeds included in the mixture.

31. A method of coating cereal grains or oil seed wherein the method of Claim 15 is effected with cereal grains or oil seeds included in the mixture.

32. A method of coating cereal grains wherein the method of Claim 28 is effected with cereal grains or oil seeds included in the base material.

33. A fertilizer incorporating the animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 12 or 16 to 26. Lw Inter )nal Application No, PCT/AU 92/00104 INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT I. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER (if several classification symbols apply, indicate all 6 According to International Patent classification (IPC) or to both National Classification and IPC Int. Cl. 6 A23K 001/02; A23K 001/175 II. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum Documentation Searched 7 Classification System Classification Symbols IPC A23K 001/02; A23K 001/175 Dgcumentation Searched other thin Minimum Documentation. to the Extent that such Documents are Included in the ieTdi Sdearched AU: IPC as above III. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT Category' Citation of Document, 11 with indication, where appropriate of the relevant passages 12 Relevant to Claim No 1 X AU, B, 36231/84 (548773) (DAVID JOHN KINGSTON 1 13 AND WILLIAM LEIGH WHATMORE) 2 January 1986 (02.01.86). X Derwent WIP/L Online Abstract Accession no. 87- 1 13 110783, HUTO 40897-A (HORVATH J) 30 March 1987 (30.03.87) X AU, A, 21621/88 (HENRY HERSCHEL BASS) 23 March 1989 13 (23.03.89). X AU, B, 77726/87 (581572) (HENRY HERSCHEL BASS) 13 March 1988 (10.03.88) (continued) S Special categories of cited documents to Later document published after the international filing date or priority date and not in conflict Document defining the general state of the art which is with the application but cited to understand the not considered to be of particular relevance principle or theory underlying the invention earlier document but published on or after the document of particular relevance; the claimed international filing date invention cannot be considered novel or cannot be document which may throw doubts on priority claim(s) considered to involve an inventive step or which is cited to establish the publication date of document of particular relevance; the claimed another citation or other special reason (as specified) invention cannot be considered to involve an document referring to an oral disclosure, use, inventive step when the document is combined exhibition or other means with one or more other such documents, such document published prior t the international filing date combination being obvious to a person skilled in but later than the priority date claimed the art document member of the same patent family IV. CERTIFICATION Date of the Actual Completion of the International Search Date of Mailing of this Internat;onal Search Report June 1992 17 June 1992 (17.06.92) International Searching Authority Signature of Authorize I AUSTRALIAN PATENT OFFICE J BODEGRAVENd~; Form PCTnPS/2ili..".d ~1.t iJaxwy 1935) lntorr %nal Application No. PCT/AU 92100104 Ill. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT (CONTINUED FROM THE SECOND SHEET) Category* Citation of Document, 11 with indication, whore appropriate of the relevant passages 12 Relevant to Claim No 13 X AU, El21997/83 (563082) 0IC! AUSTRALIA LIMITED) 14 June 1984 13 (14.06.84). X US, A, Re-31,804 (RALSON PURINA COMPANY) 15 January 1985 13 (15.01.85). X Patent Abstracts of Japan, C-208, Page 127, JP, A, 58- 13 190358 (MITSUI KINZOKU KOGYL 7 November 1983 (07.11.83). X AU, B, 19119n76 (505607) (PACIFIC KENYON CORPORATION) 13 4 May 1978 (04.05.78). X AU, B, 24132/56 (219427) (FRITZ GROSSMAN) 20 June 1957 13 (20.06.57). X FR, A, 2519236 (BRUNO BUTTURINI, SEBASTIANO LUCA 13 FRANCESCO PLODARI) 8 July 1983 (08.07,83). X FR, A, 2173666 (PECHINEY UGINE KUHLMANN) 12 October 13 1973 (12.10.73). X FR, A, 2040662 (JEAN VASSEUR) 22 January 1971 (22.01 .71) 13 X FR, A, 855626 (SVENSKA SOCKERFABRIKS AKTIEBOLAGET) 13 16 May 1940 (16.05.40). X DE, A, 727902 (POMOSIN-WERKE KOMM.-GES. FISCHER CO.) 13 october 1942 (15.10.42). X DE, A, 747234 (SVENSKA-SOCKERFABRIKS AKTIEBOLAGET) 13 27 January 1944 (27.01.44). L Form PCT,1PS/21 0/ (emsa sh..lI IUwwwy 1 $86 ANNEX TO THE INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION NO. PCT/AU 92/00104 This Annex lists the known publication level patent family members relating to the patent documents cited in the above-mentioned international search report. The Australian Patent Office is in no way liable for these particulars which are merely given for the purpose of information. Patent Document Cited in Search Patent Family Member Report US 4171386 ES 479331 FR 2421562 AU 77726/87 WO 9116138 AU 36231/8+ DK 2800/89 EP 346108 FI 892820 GB 8903927 HU 52517 IL 90567 JP 2032094 ZA 8904354 AU 21997/83 CA 1206368 GB 2131273 IE 54784 NZ 206384 AT 67290 DE 3864790 EP 312133 JP 1107012 US 4878835 ZA .8806674 AU 19119/76 JP 2077366 CA 1073259 GB 1555008 MX 4237 NZ 182455 US 4027043 ZA 7606271 DK 4500/83 EP 113394 FI 833612 GB 2128617 JP 59134764 NO 833633 US 4510132 ZA 8306977 US 4873101 EP 303428 JP 1070381 US 5041325 CA 1283384 DE 3680982 DK 4498/86 EP 218419 JP 62193982 US 4865854 FR 2519236 AT 4650/82 BE 895502 CH 653217 DE 3152120 ES 518700 ES 8402144 NL 8205050 FR 2173666 IT 977033 AT 550/73 AU 51354/73 BE 794477 CH 568022 DE 2303045 ES 410908 GB 1399176 NI. 7500835 PH 9852 ZA 7300291 FR 2197527 GB 1324673 BE 786810 CA 940682 DE 2148289 GB 1340234 IT 948198 US 3696805 AU 21621/88 FR 2040662 END OF ANNEX