AU635292B2 - Flexible tube containing at least one elongated reinforcing element - Google Patents
Flexible tube containing at least one elongated reinforcing element Download PDFInfo
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- AU635292B2 AU635292B2 AU59688/90A AU5968890A AU635292B2 AU 635292 B2 AU635292 B2 AU 635292B2 AU 59688/90 A AU59688/90 A AU 59688/90A AU 5968890 A AU5968890 A AU 5968890A AU 635292 B2 AU635292 B2 AU 635292B2
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- Prior art keywords
- flexible tube
- tube according
- elongated
- reinforcing
- cross
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/14—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics
- F16L11/16—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics wound from profiled strips or bands
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
- F16L11/082—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
- F16L11/083—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire three or more layers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Description
4 OPI DATE 17/01/91 A0JP DATE 07/03/91 APPLN. I D 59688 PCT NUMBER PCT/FR90/00497 PCTr DEMANDE INTERNATIONALE PUBLIEE EN VERTU DU TRAITE DE COOPERATION EN MATIERE DE BREVETS (PCT) (51) Classification internationale des brevets 5 (11) Numnro de publication internationale: WO 91/00467 F16L 11/16, 11/08 Al (43) Date de publication internationale: 1 j anvier 1991 (10.01.9 1) (21) Numno de la demande internationale: PGT/FR90/00497 (74) Repr~sentant commun: INSTITUT FRANQAIS DU PE- TROLE; 4, avenue de Bois-Pr~au, F-92502 Rueji-Mal- (22) Date de d~p~t international: 29 juin 1990 (29.06.90) maison (FR).
Donn~es relatives i la priorit6: (81) Etats d~sign~s: AT (brevet europ~en), AU, BE (brevet euro- 89/08854 30 juin 1989 (30.06.89) FR p~en), BR, CA, CH (brevet europ~en), DE (brevet euro- DK, DK (brevet europ~en), ES (brevet europ~en), FR (brevet europ~en), GB (brevet europ~en), IT (71) D~posants (pour tous les Etats dbsignks sauf US): INSTITUT (brevet europ~en), JP, LU (brevet europ~en), NL (brevet FRANQAIS DU PETROLE [FR/FR]; 4, avenue de europ~en), NO, SE (brevet europ~en), US.
Bois-Pr~au, F-92502 Ruei-Malmaison CO- FLEXIP [FR/FR]; 23, avenue de Neujilly, F-75 116 Paris Publi~e Avec rapport de recherchte internationale.
(72) Inventeurs; et Avant l'expiration du d~Iai pr~vu pour la modification des Inventeurs/Diposants (US seutlement) FERET, Jany [FR/ revendications, sera republike si de telles modifications sont FR]; 14, avenue de l'Europe, F-78160 Marly-le-Roy repues.
MALLEN HERRERO, Jos6 [FR/FR]; 29, boulevard des Batignolles, F-75008 Paris 3 5 2 0 (54) Title: FLEXIBLE TUBEV 4 TH AT LEAST ONE/?9 2=z~abAf REINFORCEMW.NG ELEMENT (54) Titre: TUBE FLEXIBLE COMPORTANT AU MOINS UN ELEMENT ALLONGE DE RENFORT AYANT UN PRO- FIL EN T
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(57) Abstract The invention relates to a reinforced flex~ible tube including at least one elongate reinforcement element which, according to the invention, has a straight T-shaped cross-section or profile, and is helically wound.
57) Abreige' La pr~sente invention concerne un tube flexible arm6 comportant au momns un 616ment de renfort ailong&. Selon l'inven- Ation, c t 616ment allong6 a une section droite, ou profit, pr~sentant une forme de T, et est enrou16 h~licoidalement.
4- 1 FLEXIBLE TUBE CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE ELONGATED REINFORCING ELEMENT The present invention relates to a flexible tube containing an elongated reinforcing element. The expression "tube" as used herein is understood to embrace hose, pipes and conduits.
According to prior art, reinforcing profiles with a flattened shape used for flexible tubes are either in the shape of an or a and are thus difficult to fabricate and to assemble in a precise and stable manner in a helicoidal winding, or else they are in the shape of a and, in this latter case, do not provide optimum performance for a given thickness of the layer. Actually, the thickness of the profile is of necessity reduced to enable it to receive the arms of the in the adjacent winding.
Flat profiles having a shape are illustrated e; :in the prior French Patent FR-2.561.745.
S.. In this present text, an elongated reinforcing o 20 element may be designated by the terms "profile element" or "profile".
The present invention relates to a reinforced .flexible tube containing an elongated reinforcing element which is easy to fabricate and to assemble, stable once it 25 is in position and it allows for good optimisation of performance for a given thickness of the layer.
Furthermore, the profile in accordance with the present invention avoids or reduces the contact pressure
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between adjacent reinforcing elements such as can be observed in the case of or profiles.
In addition, the device in accordance with the present invention does not necessitate the utilisation of a multitude of rings.
In a general manner, the present invention relates to reinforced tube containing at least one elongated reinforcing element. In accordance with the present invention the elongated element has a cross-section or profile in the shape of a and it is wound helicoidally.
This elongated element in the shape of a may be metallic.
At least one border of the elongated element may have a shape adapted to act in conjunction with a complementary shape for achieving their locking together.
The complementary shape may be carried along the border of another 0* *e ^^e 2 elongated element having a cross section possessing a shape, this element being mounted in an inverted position.
The complementary shape may be carried along the border of an elongated element which may be metallic, having a cross section possessing a shape. The elongated element having a shape may be placed in such a way that the arms of the are directed towards the outside, or in such a way that the arms of said are directed towards the axis of the flexible tube, with the "T"-shaped elongated element then being placed in the appropriate manner.
When the arms of the "U"-shaped element are directed towards the axis of the tube (that is to say, when the "U"-shaped element is situated on the outside in relation to the "T"-shaped element with which it acts in conjunction), its role may be limited to maintaining the adjacent "T"-shaped strips in position. In this case, it is the "T"-shaped elements which absorb the main forces due to the internal pressure in the flexible tube and the "U"-shaped elements may be designed accordingly, that is to say, the surface of the profile may be reduced in relation to the surface of the profile.
The "U"-shaped element may be fabricated from synthetic plastics material, or from steel, or from aluminium.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention may contain two elongated elements, each of which possesses a "T"-shaped cross section, these elements being wound helicoidally in the same direction, the first element having the portion of the cross section corresponding to the foot of the directed towards the axis of the tube, with the similar portion of the second element being directed in the opposite direction.
These two elongated elements may have profiles which are equal in height.
The first and the second elongated elements may have the same cross sectional shape, that is to say, the two sections may have the same dimensions.
The first and the second elongated elements may be metallic.
The first elongated element may have a modulus of elasticity less than that of the second elongated element.
The first and the second elongated elements may both have the same modulus of elasticity.
3 The width of the portion corresponding to the foot of the of the first element may be greater than the similar portion of the second element.
The first and second elongated elements may be fabricated with such dimensions so that they have the same degree of elongation when subjected to internal pressure in the flexible tube, without there being transmission of large forces from one to the other of said elements along the respective borders of each of these elements.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention may be fabricated from aluminium and/or steel. In particular, at least one of the elongated elements possessing a profile may consist of, or include, a metal such as steel or an aluminium alloy.
At least one reinforcing elongated element may consist substantially of aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
The ratio of the length, of one side arm the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the should be between 0.5 and 1.0, preferably between 0.66 and The ratio of the width, of the foot of the upright of the to the length, of one side arm of the cross bar of the should be between 1.0 and The ratio of the width, of the foot of the upright of the to the height, of the upright of the should be between 0.66 and The ratio of the total width, of the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the should be between 1.66 and The total width, of the cross bar of the shall be designated hereinafter as the width, of the The ratio of the total height, of one side arm of the cross bar of the "T" to the height, of the upright of the should be between 0.66 and 0.83.
The ratio of the height, of the side arm of the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the should be between 0.16 and 0.66, preferably about 0.33.
The ratio of the radial play between two adjacent profiles, arranged head to tail, to the total width, of the should be between 2% and The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention should contain a N 4 sheathing resistant to the internal pressure in the tube including at least one elongated element possessing a "T"-shaped profile.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention should include a "T"-shaped profile as a sheathing wound around at an angle substantially greater than 80 degrees and preferably greater than 85 degrees, in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention should include at least one reinforcing layer with opposed spiral windings and one internal leak-proof sleeve in contact with the reinforcing layer, said sleeve likewise being able to be designated as an internal layer with opposed spiral windings. This latter internal layer may contain a plurality of elongated elements having "T"-shaped profiles and said profiles of this internal layer should have means for axially locking them together.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention may include several reinforcing layers with opposed windings, but only the profiles of the layer closest to the interior of the tube should have means for axially locking them together.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention may include two reinforcing layers of which one corresponds to said internal layer, with the elongated elements of said internal reinforcing layer being wound around at a first angle in a first direction in relation to the axis of the flexible tube, and with the elongated elements of the second reinforcing layer being wound around at a second angle in the opposite direction of winding, and one of the winding angles should be greater than, or approximately equal to, 55 degrees and the other winding angle should be less than, or approximately equal to 55 degrees.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention should include two pairs of reinforcing layers, with one of these reinforcing layers corresponding to said internal layer, where each member of one pair includes elongated reinforcing elements wound around at equal angles but in opposite directions of winding, and said winding angle of one of said pairs should be greater than, or approximately equal to, 55 degrees and the winding angle of the other pair should be less than, or approximately equal to, 55 degrees.
E; IRI A ,i The present invention also relates to a filament or elongated element for preen elongated fabrication of flexible tubes, with said filament having a "T"-shaped profile.
The material of the filament in accordance with the present invention should correspond to that described in the preceding pages in relation to the elongated element.
The flexible tube in accordance with the present invention should include an internal framework resistant to external pressure on the tube, consisting of at least one elongated element having a "T"-shaped profile.
The present invention is also advantageously concerned with structures for flexible tubes armoured with "multiple reinforcing elements" consisting principally of: cL re-% n .v~ la layer resistant to pressure consisting of one or several layers made up of rings or filaments, cables or profiles wound around at a large angle in relation to the axis of the flexible tube, this angle should exceed 80 or 85 degrees when considered in relation to the axis of said flexible tube, aarnfi layer resistant to tkeiieRAconsisting oat least two winding layers and preferably of several pairs of crossed-over filaments, cables or profiles generally wound around at an angle less than, or approximately equal to 55 degrees, where this angle is not too small in order to preserve the flexibility of the tube, V-fe-_ r% 2S an internal known as an internal framework which is resistant, in particular, to crushing forces, being generally made up of a helicoidally-wound layer of a profile wound around at a large angle.
These different winding layers may be disposed in any sequence whatsoever from the inside to the outside of the flexible structure and may be separated, or not, by very thin sleeves of synthetic plastics material.
This type of structure has been described, for example, in the French Patent FR-1.417.966.
Notice should be taken of the fact that the "T"-shaped profile in accordance with the present invention practically does not display the phenomenon of overlapping like roofing tiles, that is to say, once the profile is in position around the flexible tube, there is no tendency for its coils to become entangled amongst themselves. This allows, in particular, for the utilisation of a simple cable armouring machine for placing the "T"-shaped profile in position around the flexible tube.
The spiral winding with the "T"-shaped profile, when done without tiled 6 overlapping, may also be used for fabrication of a flexible tube without a reinforcing layer resistant tensile forces, where the basic longitudinal effect is absorbed at the level of the clinched seams. It will be understood that this flexible tube, for each diameter considered, will be subject to a limit of the pressure which it can withstand in service.
In addition, the present invention also "relates to flexible tubes containing at least one elongated element having a "T"-shaped cross section disposed at all different reinforcing angles including 55 degrees. This is possible, in particular, due to the fact that the "T"-shaped profile presents practically no problem of tiled overlapping.
Due to.this fact, it is possible to envisage the increase in pressure during service which can be withstood by flexible tubes having two reinforcing layers, by limitation of the amount of play in the armouring layer in contact with the leak-proof sleeve.
Lastly, the "T"-shaped profile allows for 20 utilisation of widths of the profile (that is to say the length of the cross bar of the greater than those possible with other types of profiles, such as an or a
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The "T"-shaped profile may have a reinforcing 25 angle substantially greater than 80 degrees, preferably degrees, in relation to the axis of the flexible tube. In this case, the resistance to axial forces is principally ensured by the reinforcing windings resistant to tensile 7 forces.
The flexible tube may contain an elongated element having a "T"-shaped profile and this may be wound around at an angle close to 55 degrees, considered in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
The flexible tube may contain two spirally-wound reinforcing layers of which at least one contains a plurality of elongated elements having a "T"-shaped profile wound around at an angle of 55 degrees in a first direction in relation to the axis of the tube. This first reinforcing layer likewise includes a plurality of elongated elements complementary to those aforementioned and they may optionally also have a "T"-shaped profile.
The other spirally-wound reinforcing layer includes a plurality of elongated elements wound around at an angle of degrees in the opposite direction in relation to the direction of winding of the first reinforcing layer.
The angles of each of the spirally-wound reinforcing layers do not need to be symmetrical in 20 relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
In this case, the angle of winding of one roinforcing layer may be greater than 55 degrees and the angle of winding of the other reinforcing layer may be less than 55 degrees, considered in relation to the axis of the S 25 flexible tube.
Advantageously, the elongated element having a "T"-shaped profile may be utilised for fabrication of the reinforcing resistant to pressure and/or as the internal 7A framework of the flexible tube.
The accompanying Figures illustrate the armoured tubes to which the teachings of the presern invention have been applied, as well as particular non-limitative examples of the profiles of the elongated elements: Fig. 1 depicts a first type of reinforced flexible tube, Figs. 2 and 3 represent other types of flexible tut s, Fig. 4 represents an example of design of the cross section of an elongated element in accordance with the present invention, Figs. 5 to 7 depict different arrangements of the profiles, Fig. 8 relates to a flexible tube containing a reinforcing consisting of two layers of elongated elements wound around at an angle of 55 degrees in relation to the axis of the flexible tube, from opposite sides of said axis, and 20 Fig. 9 relates to an embodiment of a flexible tube having a pair of reinforcing layers which are asymmetric with regard to t.heir directions of winding.
In Fig. 1, the reference number 1 designates an internal tube which may be fabricated from a synthetic 25 plastics material, polyamide-11 for example.
This tube is enclosed in a pressure-resistant reinforcing 2 which, in the example illustrated, is fabricated by the winding around, helicoidally, of a preformed profile, at an angle greater than 85 degrees, for example, in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
This ensemble is covered by a tensile-resistant reinforcing 3 made up of two crossed-over layers, 3a and 3b, of profiles or elongated elements wound helicoidally in opposite directions.
Most frequently, the angle of winding of these profiles has a value between 20 degrees and 50 degrees in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
.0 An external sleeve, made for example from polyamide-11 or polyethylene,
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KhNs u is used to enclose this multi-layer ensemble.
Another type offr.erd flexible tube is ih ,strated in Fig. 2.
The same reference numbers have been used in this Figure to designate elements analogous to those illustrated in Fig. 1.
In this second type of flexible tube, thejteaeiaa-resistant armuring consists of two pairs of reinforcing layers, 3a, 3b and 3c, 3d of profiles wound around helicoidally at an angle between 20 degrees and 50 degrees in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
In the type of flexible tube illustrated in Fig. 3, one framework 5 made of steel has been disposed in the interior of the tube 1 made from synthetic plastics material, and the reinforcing layers, 2a and 2b, resistant to. internal pressure, have, been disposed on the inside and the outside of the tracti -resistant layers 3a, 3b.
According to the present invention, at least one of the reinforcing layers of spirally-wound profiles or elongated elements consists of "T"-shaped profiles such as depicted in Fig. 4.
In this Fig. 4, which is a cross section of an elongated element the capital letter L denotes the width of the cross bar, or head 6, of the the lower-case letter e denotes the height of the The capital letter P denotes the width of the foot 7 of the upright of the The lower-case letter 1 designates the length of one side arm 8 of the cross bar of the The lower-case letter h denotes the total height of one side arm 8 of the The lower-case letter c denotes the height of the lobe 9 of the side arm 8 of the The dotted line 10 corresponds to a profile which does not possess lobes, or serifs, on the cross bar, where c is zero.
The reference number 11 designates the cross section of the in its entirety, where this cross section belongs to a first given elongated element. The reference number 12 designates part of the "T"-shaped profile of a second elongated element which acts in conjunction with the first given elongated element.
These two elongated elements are disposed head-to-tail, that is to say, for one profile, the foot 7 of the upright of the is directed towards the outside of the flexible tube and, for the adjacent profile, the foot 13 is directed towards the axis A 'i 4 inside the flexible tube. These two elongated elements are considered to be complementary to each other.
When these elongated elements possess lobes 9 on the side arms 8 of the cross bar, there is axial locking together of adjacent profiles, that is to say, the axial displacement of a profile 11 in relation to the adjacent profile 12 is limited by the axial distance apart of the centre lines of these two profiles. Thus, the lobes 9 correspond to the means for locking or clinching adjacent profiles together.
It is evident that the approach of adjacent elongated elements to each other is limited by the outside edge of a lobe 9 butting up against the outside edge of an adjacent foot 13.
Fig. 5 represents the case of a reinforcing layer containing two elongated elements 15 and 16 having similar cross sections 17 and 18 mounted head to tail.
It appears from Fig. 5 that t. ie elongated elements 15 and 16 are disposed alternatingly, with each spiral of the element 15 being located between two spirals of the element 16 and each spiral of the element 16 being located between two spirals of the element Fig. 6 represents the case where the two adjacent elongated elements 19 and have different cross sections 21 and 22 but, in this Figure, the two profiles 21 and 22 both have the same height e.
Furthermore, in this Figure, the width L of the "T"-shaped profile 22 of the elongated element 20 has approximately the same value a as the width P of the foot of the "T"-shaped profile 21 of the elongated element 19 (Fig. 6).
In addition, it does not go outside the scope of this present invention if the two elongated elements have different mechanical characteristics, particularly in relation to the modulus of elasticity, or if they are fabricated from different types of material.
Thus, the elongated element 20 may have a modulus of elasticity which is greater than that of the elongated element 19.
In Fig. 6, the axis of the flexible tube is indicated by the dot-dash line 14.
This is also the case in Fig. 4 and Fig. Fig. 7 represents the case of an elongated element 23 having a "T"-shaped profile 24 provided with lobes 25, where the elongated elements 23 are closely wound helicoidally adjacent to each other, that is to say, one outer edge of the side arm of one elongated element is almost in contact with the outer edge of the side arm of the adjacent spiral of this same elongated element.
The locking together of adjacent spirals of the elongated element 23 is effected by means of a complementary helicoidally wound elongated element 27 having a "U"-shaped profile 28.
The reference number 14 designates the axis of the flexible tube. In Fig. 7, the arms 29 of the are directed outwards away rom the axis 14.
It does not go outside the scope of this present invention if the two elongated elements are mounted in an inverted manner in relation to the axis of the flexible tube, that is to say, if the arms 29 of the are directed inwards towards the axis 14.
The elongated elements 23 and 27 may be metallic, they may be fabricated, for example, from steel and/or aluminium.
In addition, it does not go outside the scope of this present invention if the elongated element with the "T"-shaped profile is fabricated from a metal or if the elongated element with the "U"-shaped profile is fabricated from a synthetic plastics material, which may be thermoplastic.
The elongated element having a "T"-shaped profile or cross section used for the flexible tube in accordance with the present invention complies with one or several of the following inequalities: 0.50 1/e 1.0 and preferably 0.66 l/e g 1.00 P/1 0.66 P/e 1.66 L/e g 0.66 s h/e 0.83 0.16 c/e 0.66 and preferably close to 0.33 the radial freedom of play is between 2% and By radial freedom of play is meant the distance j traversed radially by the "T"-shaped profile before it is immobilised by the adjacent stationary profile, in relation to the height e of the "T"-shaped profile.
The starting point of this displacement is a straight line in contact with the surface of the "T"-shaped profile and the adjacent profile, this freedom of play being designated by the lower-case letter j in Fig. 4 where the straight line is designated by the reference number This straight line 30 corresponds substantially to the generatrix of the cylinder around which the elongated elements are wound, at least when the winding angle is significantly large.
An estimate of the behaviour of the two elongated elements having identical "T"-shaped profiles or cross sections and mounted head-to-tail (Fig. 5) has been made, with the internal diameter of the flexible tube being fixed at 95.4 mm.
When these elongated elements are fabricated from steel, Young's modulus of the elongated elements is 200 MPa and the Poisson coefficient is 0.3.
The "T"-shaped profile is characterised by the values L 14.2; e 6.2; P 2.85; 1 5.67; h 3.80; c 1.64. Under an internal pressure of 20 Mpa, the radial displacement of the filament 16 is 0.060 mm and that of the filament 15 is 0.0085 mm. The two profiles are thus not in contact, which is for freedom of play of 0.246 mm.
When the freedom of play is 0.246 mm, contact is produced by an internal pressure of 95 Mpa.
For an internal pressure of 20 MPa, the circumferential constraints of the filament 15 are located at an average level of 33 MPa. They vary by 18% around this value as a function of the position in the "T"-shaped cross section.
The average level of the circumferential constraints of the filament 16 is 235 MPa and the constraints vary by 6% around this value.
The "T"-shaped profile, as described in this present invention, is particularly suitable for pressure-resistantAE aettig 2 and may advantageously have a winding angle equal to, or greater than, 55 degrees.
It is also advantageous to utilise the "T"-shaped profile for fabrication of the A-o internal framework such as designated by the reference numeral 5 in Fig. 3.
I Fig. 8 represents a particularly advantageous embodiment of a flexible tube having an internal tube 40 which may be fabricated from synthetic plastics material, for example polyamide-11i, an armouring 41 consisting of two crossed-over reinforcing layers 41a and 41b, wound helicoidally at an angle of 55 degrees in relation to the axis 42 of the flexible tube. Thus, these two reinforcing layers 41a and 41b form a crossed-over pair, each of these layers consisting of elongated elements wound around at the same angle, in this case 55 degrees, but symmetrically in opposite directions to each other.
At least one of these reinforcing layers, especially the internal layer 41a consists of a plurality of "T"-shaped profiles which can be locked together. These profiles may be locked together by an equal number of complementary profiles having either a shape as shown in Fig. 5, or else a shape as depicted in Fig. 7, with the arms of the being directed either inwards towards, or outwards away from, the axis of the flexible tube.
The layer 41 b may have the same structure or it may be a filament which is flat or round or any other suitable shape which may, or may not, be provided with means for locking together. These filaments are wound around at an angle close to degrees.
The reference term 43g designates an external sleeve which may be fabricated from polyamide-ll.
The flexible tube depicted in Fig. 8 provides resistance to internal pressure exerted by a liquid, and can absorb the effects of pressure due to depth of immersion without the addition of xor rw resistant to external pressure, such as defined earlier in the present foregoing description.
According to a variation of the embodiment depicted in Fig. 8, the flexible tube may include an internal interlocking framework which consists of at least one interlocking elongated element which may, or may not, have a "T"-shaped profile.
The fact that the internal reinforcing layer 41a is self interlocking is of particular interest with regard to the mechanical performance of the internal tube due in particular to the fact that the axial play is limited and to the rounded shapes 43 and 44 of the edges of the profiles in contact with the tube 40. The rounded shapes may be clearly seen in the cross sections, especially in Fig. 5 and Fig. 7.
S-VAZ/When the flexible tube in accordance with the present invention includes a c-S
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13 pressure-resistant reinforcing and also a tensile-resistant reinforcing, this latter may contain a plurality of elongated elements wound around at an angle less than degrees, for example between 25 and 30 degrees in relation to the axis of the flexible tube, at least when the pressure-resistant reinforcing contains at least one elongated element wound around at a large angle, in particular greater than 80 or 85 degrees, in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
It does not go outside the scope of this present invention if the pairs of crossed over layers of the same reinforcing do not have symmetrical angles of winding in relation to the axis of the flexible tube.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention, the tensile-resistant reinforcing may contain a pair of reinforcing layers wound around at angles of Al and A2 respectively when considered from one side and the other of the axis of the flexible tube, as depicted in Fig. 9. The establishment of the angles Al and A2 results in particular 20 from the prior document FR-2.374.580. For example, the angle Al may be close to 30 degrees and the angle A2 close to 70 degrees as represented in Fig. 9.
Other configurations are possible and the angles may be selected so that Al 54 degrees and A2 56 degrees.
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55.5 5 S S 5 It does not go outside the scope of this preseninvention if the "T"-shaped profile does not contain means for locking together. When the side arm of the cross bar 13A of the has a rectangular cross section, and is thus without locking means, once the "T"-shaped profiles are in position around the flexible tube, where the feet of the profiles are orientated in the same direction, it is possible to utilise a complementary filament with a rectangular cross section to occupy the space separating the uprights of the axially successive profiles.
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Claims (25)
1. A reinforced flexible tube for conveying a fluid, the reinforced flexible tube containing at least one elongated reinforcing element wound helicoidally, said at least one elongated reinforcing element being adapted to withstand at least one of pressure stresses and tensile stresses applied to the flexible tube, characterised in that said elongated element has a cross-section, or profile, in the shape of a
2. The flexible tube according to Claim 1, characterised in that said elongated element is metallic.
3. The flexible tube according to either Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that one border of at least one of said elongated elements has a shape adapted to act in conjunction with a complementary shape of an adjacent elongate element to allow the adjacent elongated elements to lock together.
4. The flexible tube according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it contains two elongated elements, each of which possesses a "T"-shaped cross section, said elements being wound helicoidally in ;the same direction, the first element having the portion of the cross section corresponding to the foot of the "T" directed towards the axis of the tube, with the similar portion of the second element being directed in the opposite direction. The flexible tube according to Claim 3, characterised in that said complementary shape is carried 14A by the border of an elongated element having a cross section in the shape of a
6. The flexible tube according to Claim characterized in that said elongated element having a cross section in the shape of a is mounted in such a way that the arms of said are directed towards the axis of the flexible tube.
7. The flexible tube according to Claim 4, characterised in that said first and second elongated elements have cross sections of the same dimensions.
8. The flexible tube according to either of Claims 4 or 7, characterised in that the first elongated element has a modulus of elasticity which is less than that of the second element.
9. The flexible tube according to either of Claims 4 :or 7, characterised in that the first and second elongated elements have the same modulus of elasticity. elements have the same modulus of elasticity. ioo o* o *oeo The flexible tube according to Claim 4, characterised in that the width of said portion of the first elongated element corresponding to the foot of the upright of the is greater than the similar portion of the second element.
11. The flexible tube according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that it contains at least one elongated element with a "T"-shaped profile fabricated from steel.
12. The flexible tube according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that it contains at least one elongated reinforcing element with a "T"-shaped profile fabricated from aluminium.
13. The flexible tube according to Claim 1, characterised in that the ratio of the length, of one side arm the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the is between 0.5 and 1.0, preferably between 0.66 and
14. The flexible tube according to either of Claims 1 or 13, characterised in that the ratio of the width, of the foot of the upright of the to the length, of one side arm of the cross bar of the is between 1.0 and The flexible tube according to any one of Claims 1, 13 and 14, characterised in that the ratio of the width, of the foot of the upright of the "T" to the height, of the upright of the is between 0.66 and
16. The flexible tube according to any one of Claims 1 and 13 to characterised in that the ratio of the total width, of the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the is between 1.66 and
17. The flexible tube according to any one of Claims 1 and 13 to 16, characterised in that the ratio of the total height, of one side arm of the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the is between 0.66 and 0.83.
18. The flexible tube according to any one of Claims 1 and 13 to 17, characterised in that the ratio of the height, of the lobe of the side arm of the cross bar of the to the height, of the upright of the is between 0.16 and 0.66, preferably about 0.33.
19. The flexible tube according to any one of Claims 1 and 13 to 18, characterised in that the ratio of the radial play between two adjacent profiles, arranged head to tail, one in the other, to the total width, of the is between 2% and
20. The flexible tube according to any one of the preceding Claims, r 21 r C.orc-Qev characterised in that it contains an internal-pressure-resistantJar consisting of at least one elongated element having a "T"-shaped profile.
21. The flexible tube according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that it contains an internal framework resistant to external pressure on the tube, consisting of at least one elongated element having a "T"-shaped profile.
22. The flexible tube according to either Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that said elongated element having a "U"-shaped cross section is fabricated from synthetic plastics material.
23. The flexible tube according to either Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that said elongated element having a "U"-shaped cross section is fabricated from metal.
24. The flexible tube according to Claim 20, characterised in that said shaped profile is a sheathing wound around at an angle substantially greater than degrees and preferably greater than 85 degrees, in relation to the axis of the flexible tube. The flexible tube according to any one of the preceding Claims, including at least one reinforcing layer with opposed spiral windings, characterised in that it includes one internal leak-proof sleeve in contact with said reinforcing layer, or internal layer, and in that said internal layer with opposed spiral windings contains a plurality of elongated elements having "T"-shaped profiles and said profiles of this internal layer have means for axially locking them together.
26. The flexible tube according to Claim 25, characterised in that it includes several reinforcing layers and in that only said internal reinforcing layer has axial locking means. 17
27. The flexible tube according to either Claim 25 or 26, characterised in that it includes two reinforcing layers of which one corresponds to said internal layer, and in that the elongated elements of said internal reinforcing layer are wound around at a first angle in a first direction in relation to the axis of the flexible tube, and in that the elongated elements of the second reinforcing layer are wound around at a second angle in the opposite direction of winding, and in that one of said winding angles is greater than, or approximately equal to, degrees and the other winding angle is less than, or approximately equal to 55 degrees.
28. The flexible tube according to either Claim 25 or 26, characterised in that it includes two pairs of reinforcing layers, with one of these reinforcing layers corresponding to said internal layer, where each member of one pair includes elongated reinforcing elements wound around at equal angles but in opposite directions of winding, and said winding angle of one of said pairs is greater than, or approximately equal to, 55 degrees and the j winding angle of the other pair is less than, or approximately equal to, 55 degrees.
29. Filament for fabrication of reinforced flexible tubes for conveying a fluid, said filament being adapted to be wound helicoidally on the flexible tubes, said filament being adapted to withstand at least one of pressure stresses and tensile stresses applied to the flexible tubes, characterised in that said filament has a "T"-shaped prof ile. The filament according to Claim 29, characterised in that the material of said filament or the geometry of the profile of said filament corresponds to that described in any one of Claims 11 to 18. DATED this 12th day of January, 1993. INSTITUT FRANCAIS DlU PETROLE and COFLEXIP By Their Patent Attorneys GRIFFITH HACK CO. Fellows Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia SUMMARY FLEXIBLE TUBE CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE ELONGATED REINFORCING ELEMENT HAVING A PROFILE The present invention relates to an armoured flexible tube containing at least one elongated reinforcing element. In accordance with the present invention, this elongated element has a cross section, or profile, in the shape of a and it is wound around the flexible tube helicoidally.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8908854A FR2650652B1 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1989-06-30 | FLEXIBLE TUBE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE EXTENDED REINFORCEMENT MEMBER HAVING A "T" PROFILE |
| FR8908854 | 1989-06-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU5968890A AU5968890A (en) | 1991-01-17 |
| AU635292B2 true AU635292B2 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
Family
ID=9383368
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU59688/90A Ceased AU635292B2 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1990-06-29 | Flexible tube containing at least one elongated reinforcing element |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0431142B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05503137A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU635292B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9006833A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2027568C (en) |
| DK (1) | DK172929B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2048497T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2650652B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO301388B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991000467A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013098548A3 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-09-26 | Wellstream International Limited | Flexible pipe body and method of producing same |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5261462A (en) * | 1991-03-14 | 1993-11-16 | Donald H. Wolfe | Flexible tubular structure |
| US5601893A (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1997-02-11 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Flexible metal pipes with a shrinkable polymer sheath, a process for their fabrication, and their utilization as flexible tubular conduits |
| FR2727738A1 (en) | 1994-12-05 | 1996-06-07 | Coflexip | FLEXIBLE TUBULAR DRIVING COMPRISING A STAPLEED ARMOR PATCH |
| US5685576A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-11-11 | Wolfe; Donald H. | Pipe coupling |
| FR2736719B1 (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-09-05 | Coflexip | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MAGNETICALLY CONTROLLING PRODUCTS WITH A WALL OF AT LEAST ONE LAYER OF MAGNETIC MATERIAL |
| US5730188A (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1998-03-24 | Wellstream, Inc. | Flexible conduit |
| FR2772293B1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2000-01-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A FLEXIBLE TUBE CARCASS |
| FR2775050B1 (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2000-03-10 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | FLEXIBLE DRIVING FOR STATIC USE IN CORROSIVE ATMOSPHERE |
| GB9809453D0 (en) | 1998-05-01 | 1998-07-01 | Witz Joel A | Improvements relating to helically wound reinforcing components for flexible tubular conduits |
| EP1141606B1 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2004-03-10 | NKT Flexibles I/S | Armoured flexible pipe and use of same |
| US6206050B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-03-27 | Certainteed Corporation | Hose used to install loose fill insulation |
| US7518724B2 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2009-04-14 | Maven Technologies | Image acquisition, processing, and display |
| FR2824890B1 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2004-04-16 | Coflexip | FLEXIBLE DUCT WITH STAPLED BOTTOM |
| US7867783B2 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2011-01-11 | Maven Technologies, Llc | Apparatus and method for performing ligand binding assays on microarrays in multiwell plates |
| US7863037B1 (en) | 2007-04-04 | 2011-01-04 | Maven Technologies, Llc | Ligand binding assays on microarrays in closed multiwell plates |
| US7799558B1 (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2010-09-21 | Dultz Shane C | Ligand binding assays on microarrays in closed multiwell plates |
| US8039270B2 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2011-10-18 | Maven Technologies, Llc | Apparatus and method for performing ligand binding assays on microarrays in multiwell plates |
| US7981664B1 (en) | 2008-05-22 | 2011-07-19 | Maven Technologies, Llc | Apparatus and method for performing ligand binding assays on microarrays in multiwell plates |
| GB0820668D0 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2008-12-17 | Wellstream Int Ltd | Flexible pipe having pressure armour layer and components thereof |
| US8355133B2 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2013-01-15 | Maven Technologies, Llc | Biological testing with sawtooth-shaped prisms |
| JP5534980B2 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-07-02 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Flexible pipe for fluid transportation, carbon dioxide storage system, and carbon dioxide storage method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU446366A (en) * | 1965-04-28 | 1967-10-26 | George Angus & Company Ltd | Improvements inflexible ducting |
| AU2460771A (en) * | 1971-01-22 | 1972-07-27 | Plastiflex South Africa (Proprietary) Limited | Improvements inlow pressure ducting |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3085406A (en) * | 1962-02-20 | 1963-04-16 | Stewart Warner Corp | Flexible shaft assembly |
| FR2417707A1 (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1979-09-14 | Coflexip | FLOATING FLEXIBLE TUBES |
| DE3409734A1 (en) * | 1984-03-20 | 1985-09-26 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | BENDING PIPELINE FOR THE TRANSPORT OF FLOWING MEDIA |
| FR2590646B1 (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1988-05-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | FLEXIBLE PIPING, PARTICULARLY FOR LIMITING THE INTRUSION OF INTERNAL SHEATH INTO ARMOR |
| FR2631097B1 (en) * | 1988-05-09 | 1990-01-26 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | FLEXIBLE TUBE HAVING AN ALUMINUM ALLOY |
-
1989
- 1989-06-30 FR FR8908854A patent/FR2650652B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-06-29 JP JP2510012A patent/JPH05503137A/en active Pending
- 1990-06-29 BR BR909006833A patent/BR9006833A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-29 EP EP90910761A patent/EP0431142B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-29 CA CA002027568A patent/CA2027568C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-29 ES ES90910761T patent/ES2048497T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-29 WO PCT/FR1990/000497 patent/WO1991000467A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-06-29 AU AU59688/90A patent/AU635292B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1991
- 1991-02-26 NO NO910763A patent/NO301388B1/en unknown
- 1991-02-28 DK DK199100357A patent/DK172929B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU446366A (en) * | 1965-04-28 | 1967-10-26 | George Angus & Company Ltd | Improvements inflexible ducting |
| AU2460771A (en) * | 1971-01-22 | 1972-07-27 | Plastiflex South Africa (Proprietary) Limited | Improvements inlow pressure ducting |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013098548A3 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-09-26 | Wellstream International Limited | Flexible pipe body and method of producing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05503137A (en) | 1993-05-27 |
| NO301388B1 (en) | 1997-10-20 |
| EP0431142A1 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
| DK35791D0 (en) | 1991-02-28 |
| AU5968890A (en) | 1991-01-17 |
| ES2048497T3 (en) | 1994-03-16 |
| CA2027568C (en) | 2001-12-25 |
| BR9006833A (en) | 1991-08-06 |
| NO910763D0 (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| FR2650652B1 (en) | 1991-10-31 |
| EP0431142B1 (en) | 1992-12-02 |
| FR2650652A1 (en) | 1991-02-08 |
| NO910763L (en) | 1991-02-26 |
| CA2027568A1 (en) | 1990-12-31 |
| DK172929B1 (en) | 1999-10-11 |
| WO1991000467A1 (en) | 1991-01-10 |
| DK35791A (en) | 1991-02-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC | Assignment registered |
Owner name: INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE Free format text: FORMER OWNER WAS: INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE, COFLEXIP |