AU628085B2 - A molded case circuit breaker having means for controlling the dynamic friction between the connection means and contact arm of the movable contact assembly - Google Patents

Description

PATENTS ACT 1952 Fr~m COMPLETE SPECIFICATION

(ORIGINAL)

FOR OFFICE USE Short Title: Int. Cl: '.Application Number: Lodged: CIomplete Specification-Lodged: Accepted: Lapsed: Pubvishad: Priority: p Related Art: p p p Name of Applicant: Address of Applicant: TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION 1310 Beulah Road, Churchill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15235, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA JAMES NORMAN ALTENHOF, JR. RONALD WILLIAM CROOKSTON, WALTER VICTOR BRATKOWSKI, JAMES WARREN BARKELL, JR., MARVIN DANIEL FISHER Actual Inventor: Address for Service: PETER MAXWELL ASSOCIATES Blaxland House Ross Street NORTH PARRAMATTA NSW 2151 Complete Specification for the invention entitled: A A4ObE~b CASE CJPKCUzT- 9PaKE9 HAV'Z-'JG AMgAN5' F~OA COrNfrKOLLW&J -tPE byA4ML_ r'&ZI-CTON i~,7VEA1 T14 CAJFC-TaW~ M"6NS Ak C~OOvACr AiIM Oif Trfq A4oVA6LE Co~jrAC-r /K#s~1y a ,f 11wing statement is a full description of this Invention, Including the best method of performing it known

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*Noe :_Irhs descriptiot in to be typed In double spacing, pica t"eface, In an area not exceeding 250mm in depth and 180mm In wk4th, an tough white paper of -good- qualitv and It Is to be Inserted Inside this form.

PtWbY C L. THhOWNs, Mcin Comcwath Ga~rmmet Prmer, Ciknbwrm This invention relates to molded case circuit 0 0 breakers and more particularly to a pivotally mounted °contact arm formed as a clinch joint.

Molded case circuit breakers are known.

o 5 "xamples of such circuit breakers are disclosed in the specification of U.S. Patents Nos. 4,489,295; 4,638,277; 4,656,444; and, 4,679,018. Such circuit breakers are used to protect electrical circuitry from damage due to an overcurrent condition, such as an overload and relatively high level short circuit condition. An overload condition 0 "oo° is normally about 200-300 percent of the nominal current oa rating of the circuit breaker. A high level short circuit condition can be 1000 percent or more of the nominal current rating of the circuit breaker.

Molded case circuit breakers include at least one pair of separable contacts which may be operated oo either manually by way of a handle disposed on the outside of the case or automatically in response to an overcurrent condition. In the automatic mode of operation, the contacts may be opened by an operating mechanism, controlled by an electronic trip unit, or by magnetic repulsion forces generated between the stationary and movable contacts during relatively high levels of overcurrent.

In one automatic mode of operation, the contact assemblies for all poles are tripped together by an electronic trip unit and a mechanical operating mechanism. More particularly, the electronic trip unit is

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provided with current sensors to sense an overcurrent condition. When an overcurrent condition is sensed, the current transformers provide a signal to the electronic circuitry within the electronic trip unit to actuate the operating mechanism to cause the main contacts to be separated.

In the other automatic mode of operation, the contact arm assemblies are disengaged from the mechanical operating mechanism and are blown open by magnetic repulsion forces. More particularly, magnetic repulsion members or shunts ar used to allow the contact arm, which carries the movable main contact, to pivot. Each magnetic repulsion member is generally V-shaped defining two legs.

During relatively high level overcurrent conditions, magnetic repulsion forces are generated between the legs of the magnetic repulsion member as a result of current flowing through the legs in opposite directions. At a relatively high level overcurteht condition, these magnetic repulsion forces cause the contact arm carrying the movable main contact to be blown open.

During a blow-open condition, each contact arm is operated independently of the mechanical operating mechanism. for example, for a three-phase circuit breaker having a high level overcurrent on the A phase, only the A phase contact arm will be blown open by its respective repulsion member. The contact arms for the B and C phases would remain closed and thus are unaffected by the operation of the A phase. The contract arms for the B and C phases are tripped by the electronic trip unit and the operating mechanism. This is done to prevent a condition known as single phasing, which can occur for circuit breakers connected to rotational loads, such as motors.

In such a situation, unless all phases are tripped, the motor may act as a generator and contribute to the overcurrent condition.

The magnetic repulsion members or shunts, used to connect the contact arm to a load side conductor, are formed as flexible conductors to allow the contact arm assembly to pivot to permit the electrical circuit to be made or broken. Known shunts are made either oi woven copper wire or laminated strips of copper. The laminatsel copper strips are generally riveted together and formed into a V-shape.

The woven copper wire generally consists of a relatively large number of flexible copper wires, braided together and connected between the load conductor contact and the contact arm. However, manufacturing of the oven copper wire and laminated shunts is a time-consuming and labor-intensive opera"ion.

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0 According to the present invention there is provided a molded case circuit breaker having a housing, an operating mechanism carried by said housing and a pair of separable main contacts including a first main contact electrically 15 connected to a first stationary conductor and a second movable main contact carried by a contact arm assembly electrically connected to a second stationary conductor, said contact arm assembly comprising a contact arm for carrying said second movable main contact, pivotal means for pivotally connecting said contact arm to said second stationary conductor about a pivot axis for movement between a first position and a second position; and means for controlling the dynamic friction between said connecting means and said contact arm when said contact arm is moved between said first position and said second position, said controlling means including boss means disposed on said pivotal means in the region of said pivot axis.

*1I 71 I-L. ~I YY-; i 90 0 0 0 "099 00 0 ooa0 o 000 0 00 o 00 000 0000 9 0 0 99009 09 S 0 o0 0 a aOO 0 B 0 0 6 0 According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a contact arm assembly for a circuit breaker comprising two coextensive members jointed together at one end forming a contact-carrying surface for carrying a main contact and spaced apart at the other end defining spacedapart arm positions having aligned first apertures, a pivot bracket received between said spaced-apart arm portions having a second aperture aligned with said first apertures in said spaced-apart arm portions, a pivot pin defining pivot 10 axis received in said first apertures in said spaced-apart arm members and said second aperture in said pivot bracket forming a pivotal connection therebetween to allow movement of said coextensive members between a first position and a second position, and means for controlling the dynamic 15 friction between the contacting surfaces of the coextensive members and the pivot bracket when the coextensive members are moved between said first position and said second position, said controlling means including bosses disposed concentrically about said pivot axis.

Preferably the pivotally mounted contact arm assembly is formed as a clinch joint for carrying the movable main contact. The contact arm assembly is preferably a bifurcated assembly, formed from two coextensive members, fastened together at one end defining a surface for carrying a movable main contact and spaced apart at the other end defining a pair of spaced-apart arm portions. A pivot bracket, received between the spaced-apart arm portions, may be provided with T. an aperture and aligned with apertures in the spaced-apart .Jp' F.

3-" i ,1 ~r on I -4aarm portions for receiving a pivot pin and defining a pivot axis. The current that flows through the contact arm is transferred to bosses integrally formed adjacent the apertures in the pivot bracket. Screw-adjustabl, spring members may be provided on the contact arm assembly for adjusting the friction and electrical resistance between the contact surfaces of the contact arm and the bosses.

The present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the following description and o 10 attached drawing wherein: oro Fig. 1 is a top elevational view of the circuit o breaker; S.9: Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional visw taken substantially along line 2-2 of Fig. 1; 15 Fig. 3 is a plan sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2; rc f 9 6 9~ l~ Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 2; is an exploded perspective view of some of the components of the circuit breaker in accordance with the present invention; is a plan elevation view of a line conductor in accordance with the present invention; is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 of Fig. 6 with the contact arms shown in dot-dash lines; Fig. 7

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_I _c_ -4b- Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 of Fig. 3; Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the side plates in accordance with the present invention and some of the components associated therewith;

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I i Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 of Fig. 9 shown in the spin plate; Figure 11 io a bottom elevation view taken along line 11-11 of Fig. 8; Figure 12 is an enlarged view of Fig. 8; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along line 13-13 of Fig. 12; Figure 14 is similar to Fig. 12 but illustrates twist tabs in accordance with the present invention before twisting; Figure 15 is a perspective view of the cradle assembly; oo Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 16-16 of Fig. 15; and Figure 17 is an exploded perspective view of the components of the cradle assembly.

Referring to the drawings, a molded case f circuit breaker 20 comprises an electrically insulated housing 22 having a molded base 24 and a molded coextensive cover 26, assembled at a parting line 28. The internal cavity of the molded base 24 is formed as a o:4; frame 30 for carrying the various components of the circuit breaker. As illustrated and described herein, a Westinghouse Series C, L-frame molded case circuit breaker 25 will be described. However, it should be understood that the principles of the present invention are applicable to various types of molded case circuit breakers.

At least one pair of separable main ccntacts 32 are carried by the frame 30. More specifically, the pair of main contacts 32 include a rigidly mounted main contact 34 and a movably mounted main contact 36. The rigidly mounted main contact 34 is mounted to a line side conductor 37 having a line side terminal portion 38 at one end. The line side terminal portion 38 extends outwa:.dly from the housing 22 to permit connection with an external electrical circuit. The line side conductor 37 is attached to the frame 30 with a plurality of fasteners I The movable main contact 36 is carried by a contact arm 42. As will be discussed in more detail below, the contact arm 42 is pivotally connected to a load conductor assembly 44. The load conductor assembly 44 includes a pivot bracket 46, rigidly connected to a load conductor base 48. The load conductor base 48 is rigidly mounted to the frame 30 and electrically connected to a U-shaped load conductor 50. The U-shaped load conductor 50 forms a portion of an electronic trip unit 51. One end of the U-shaped conductor 50 is secured to the frame 30 and the load conductor base 48. The other end of the U-shaped conductor 50 is electrically connected to a load side terminal 53 to allow connection to an external electrical circuit.

The electronic trip unit 51 contains one or more internal current sensors for detecting current flowing through the main contacts 32. The electronic trip unit 51 also includes a latch mechanism 54. The latch mechanism 54 is interlocked with an operating mechanism 55 of the circuit breaker 20. Upon detection of an overcurrent condition, the electronic trip unit 51 operates the latch mechanism 54 to unlatch the circuit breaker operating mechanism 55 to allow the main contacts 32 to be separated. The electronic trip unit 51 also contains a pushbutton (not shown) which allows the circuit breaker 20 to be tripped by depressing the button. The electronic trip unit 51 does not form a part of the present invention.

An operating mechanism 55 is provided for opening and closing the main contacts 32. The operating mechanism includes a toggle assembly 56, which includes a pair of upper toggle links 58 and a pair of lower toggle links 60. Each upper toggle link 58 is pivotally connected at one end to a lower toggle link 60 about a pivot axis 62. The other end of the lower toggle links is pivotally connected about a pivot axis 63 to a U-shaped bracket 61, having depending operating arms 64. More specifically, apertures 70, provided in the operating arms 64, receive a pin 72 forming a pivotal connection between

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the lower toggle links 60 and the operating arms 64 about the pivot axis 63. The U-shaped bracket 61 is rigidly connected to a crossbar 65. The operating arms 64 are disposed adjacent each side of the contact arms 42 and are pivotally connected to a pair of side plates 75, disposed adjacent each side of the center pole, about a pivot axis 74. The side plates 75, as will be discussed in detail below, are rigiCly connected to the molded base 24.

Thus, rotation of the crossbar 65 about the pivot axis 74 will cause the lower toggle links 60 to pivot about the pivot axis 63.

o0 The operating arms 64 are provided with cam surfaces 76. These cam surfaces 76 allow for the too* 0 0 9mechanical coupling of the contact arms 42 to the operating mechanism 55. More specifically, each of the O "contact arms 42 are provided with a slot 78 for receiving a cam roller pin 80. The cam roller pin 80 extends outwardly from the sides of the contact arm 42. Cam rollers 82 are received on each end of the cam roller pin 80. The cam rollers 82 cooperate with the cam surfaces 76 to mechanically couple the contact arms 42 to the operating mechanism 55. In all conditions except a blown-open condition, the cam rollers 82 are capt.7ed in a pocket 83 formed in the cam surfaces 76. In a blown-open 25 condition, the cam rollers 82 are displaced out of the pockets 83 by the magnetic repulsion forces to uncouple cthe operating mechanism 55 from the contact arm assembly 42. This allows the contact arms 42 to open independently of the operating mechanism 55 as a result of magnetic repulsion forces. Biasing springs 84, coupled between the cam roller pin 80 and the pivot axis 74, provide contact pressure which must be overcome by the magnetic repulsion forces in order to allow the contact arm 42 to be blown open. More specifically, in the closed condition, since the cam rollers 82 are not quite seated in the pockets 83, but rather, are located slightly adjacent and upward of the pocket 83, the contact arm 42 is urged in a counterclockwise direction (FBig. 2) by the biasing springs 84, which produces a contact pressure between the main contacts 32.

The upper. toggle links 58 are pivotally connected to a cradle assembly 86 about a pivot axis 88.

More specifically, the upper toggle links 58 are provided with a U-shaped notch 89 at one end. A pivot pin 90 is supported by the cradle assembly 86. The pivot pin 90 is captured by the U-shaped notch 89 to define a pivotal connection about the pivot axis 88. The cradle assembly 86 is pivotally connected to the side plates 75 about a pivot axis 97.

The cradle assembly 86, which will be discussed in more detail below, is provided with a latch surface 92.

The latch surface 92 cooperates with the latch mechanism tq 15 54 on the electronic trip unit 51. More particularly, when the latch surface 92 is latched, operating springs $tit 0: 93, connected between the pivot axis 62 and operating handle arm 94, bias the operating mechanism 55 to cause the upper toggle links 58 and the lower toggle links 20 to be disposed colinearly with respect to each other when 0 the main contacts 32 are closed. In response to an overcurrent condition, the latch mechanism 54 on the electronic trip unit 51 releases the latch surface 92 provided on the cradle assembly 86. The operating springs 25 93 then cause the cradle assembly 86 to rotate in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 12) about the pivot axis 97 which causes the toggle assembly 56 to collapse. This causes the operating arms 64 and the attached crossbar to rotate in a clockwise direction, thereby rotating the contact arms 42 and separating the main contacts 32, if the cam rollers 82 are captured in the pockets 83 in the cam surface 76.

The circuit breaker 20 can also be manually turned off by rotating an insulated operating handle mechanically coupled to the handle arm 94, in a clockwise direction to the open position. This causes the toggle assembly 56 to collapse, which allows the contact arm 42 -9to rotate upwardly under the influence of the operating springs 93.

The handle arm 94 is formed as a U 61-ped member having two depending arms 98. The free ends 102 of the depending arms 98 are provided with notches 104 for capturing a pivot pin 106. The pivot pin 106 is carried by V-shaped notches 107 provided in the side plates 75. In the closed and tripped positions of the circuit breaker 20, the pivot pin 106 is captured in a pocket 109 defined by the V-shaped notch f: 10 107. In the open position, the pivot pin 106 is disposed adjacent the pocket 109. In this condition the toggle assembly 56 is collapsed. More specifically, the lower toggle links 60 are disposed clockwise relative to their position in a closed or an open position. Similarly, the 15 upper toggle links 58 are disposed counterclockwise relative to their position in closed or on position.

Once the latch surface 92 on the cradle assembly 86 has been disengaged from the latching mechanism 54 on the electronic trip unit 51, it is necessary to reset the operating mechanism 55. This is accomplished by rotating the operating handle 95 in a clockwise direction until tlj itch surface 92 on the cradle assembly 86 engages the latch mechanism 543 on the electronic trip unit 51.

A reset pin 108, carried by the operating handle 95, is captured in notches 110, provided in the upper portion of the depending arms 98 of the U-shaped handle arm 94 when the insulated handle 95 is rotated clockwise. The reset pin 108, S in turn, engages a reset surface 114 provided on the cradle r: i 1 assembly 86. Further rotation of the operating handle causes the cradle assembly 86 to rotate clockwise until the latch surface 92 on the cradle assembly 86 engages and latches the latch mechanism 54 on the electronic trip unit 51.

0 0 or or a aa o Da a 0 0f 0044 *o "r el Q 0 d a i 0 a i r The pivotally mounted contact arm 42 is formed as a clinch joint. The clinch joint defines the pivotal connection between the contact arm 42 and the load conductor assembly 44. The pivotal connection eliminates the need for 10 woven copper wire or laminated shunt assemblies used in known circuit breakers.

It i) preferred that the friction and electrical resistance of the contacting surfaces between the contact arm 42 and the pivot bracket 46 be controlled because of the 1,5 effect they can have on the performance of the circuit breaker 20. More specifically the electrical resistance controls the current flow through the assembly and an excessive amount of friction between the contacting surfaces could slow down the opening of the main contacts 32.

The contact arm 42 is a bifurcated assembly formed from two coextensive irregular-shaped arms 115, joined together at one end 116. The other end 118 of the arms 115 is bent outwardly, forming spaced-apart arm portions 119. The spaced-apart arm portions 119 receive the pivot bracket 46.

Aligned apertures 122 in the arms 115 are aligned with an aperture 124 in the pivot bracket 46. A pivot pin 125, received in the apertures 122 and 124, provides a pivotal 1-: i "z r Itl~ r rt connection between the contact arm 42 and the pivot bracket -i -11- 46 about the pivot axis 74. The pivot bracket 46 is electrically connected to the load conductor base 48.

In order to control the contact surfaces between inner surfaces 128 of the contact arm 42 and the pivot bracket 46, bosses 130 are provided on the pivot bracket 46, concentric with the aperture 124. These bosses 130 are provided on each side of the pivot bracket 46 and extend outwardly therefrom.

The bosses 130 may be coated with silver to provide a relatively smooth contacting ',urface. These bosses 130 i, o a o00 10 provide a relatively uniform c-ntact surface between the 0 pivot bracket 46 and the inner surfaces 128 of the contact S° arm 42 in order to allow the friction and the electrical ooe resistance of the joint to be controlled.

1 o Aligned apertures 132, provided in the spaced-apart

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0 15 arm, portions 119, receive a clinch screw 134. Wave washers 136 are disposed about a shank portion of the clinch screw 134 at one end. The clinch screw 134 is .cured at the end opposite a head portion by a nut or other fastener causing the wave washers 136 to be captured between the head portion of the clinch screw 134 and an outer surface 137 of the contact arm 42. The clinch screw 134 and the wave washers 136 allow the friction between the inner surfaces 128 of the contact arm 42 and the bosses 130 to be controlled.

Slots 78 are provided in the spaced-apart arm portions 119 of the contact arm 42 to receive the cam roller pin 80 as discussed above. The biasing springs 84, connected between TRI -1 'C'i~ T- bai~ i -llathe cam roller pin 80 and the pivot pin 74, bias the cam roller pin 80 within the slot 78.

The above assembly allows the currert from the contact arm 42 to be transferred from the contact arm 42 to the bosses 130 and into the load side conductor base 48 by way of the pivot bracket 46 without the use of laminated or woven copper wire shunts.

A line side conductor 37 carries the rigidly mounted S. main contact 34. More specifically, the line side conductor o. i10 37 is provided as a generally rectangular-shaped member o having a generally U-shaped slot 138 defining two conducting 0*4 0 00 leg portions 144 and 146 and a peninsula portion 148 having two oppositely disposed edges 149 and 150. The edges 149 and 150 of the peninsula portion 148 are tapered outwardly toward 15 the base 151 of the peninsula portion 148 to provide for a o larger cross-sectional area of the conductor to proviL.e better current density and heat dissipation. The tapered edges 149 and 150 also allow the cross-sectional area of the peninsula portion 148 to be made substantially equivalent to the cross-sectional area of the conducting leg portions 144 and 146, The U-shaped slot 138 in the line side conductor 37 is for receiving a slot motor (not shown) and als3 to form a portion of the magnetic repulsion loop to allow the main contacts 32 to be blown open during relatively high level overcurrent conditions. In known devices, the opposing edges of the peninsula portion are not tapered.

This can result in undesirable temperature increase of line-side conductor because of the decrease in the overall cross-sectional area. This undesirable heat must be dissipated by other means, such as by providing a larger size conductor. By utilizing a line-side conductor configuration as in the present invention, the overall cross-sectional area of the conductor is increased, which results in better current density and heat dissipation without utilizing a relatively larger size line-side conductor.

As discussed above, one of the functions of the U-shaped slot 138 is to form a magnetic repulsion loop.

This is accomplished by causing the current in the line conductor 37 to flow in a direction opposite to the direction of current flow in the contact arm 42. More specifically, the line-side conductor 37 contains an electrical terminal portion 38 to allow connection between an external electrical circuit and the rigidly mounted main contact 34. The current applied to the lineside terminal portion 38 flows in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 6. This current is divided up between conducting leg portions 144 and 146 as shown in Fig. 6. This current in the leg portions 144 and 146 flows together in the peninsula portion 148 in a direction opposite that in the conducting leg portions 144 'and 146.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the current which flows through the movable main contact 36 in the contact arm 42 is in an opposite direction relative to the direction of current flow in the peninsula portion 148. Thus, during relatively high level overcurrent conditions, the opposing -13a n o o oo 4 o 804 4 4 09 0 4 0 69 a 0 S0 o 4 4 '4 904 9 a 09" o ft currents develop magnetic repulsion forces which cause the main contacts 32 to be blown open by causing the contact arm 42 to be rotated in a clockwise direction.

The other function of the U-shaped slot 138 is to receive a slot motor. The slot motor assists the contacts 32 blowing open. More particularly, the slot motor, consisting either of a series of generally U-shaped steel laminations encased in electrical insulation or of a generally U-shaped, electrically insulated solid bar, is received in the U-shaped 10 slot 138, adjacent the main contacts 32. The slot motor concentrates the magnetic field generated upon a relatively high level overcurrent condition to increase the magnetic repulsion forces between the pe'insular portion 48 and the contact arm 42. This rapidly accelerates the sepa;ration of 15 the main contacts 32 which results in a relatively high arc resistance which limits the magnitude of the fault current.

The rigidly mounted main contact 34 is securely fastened to the peninsula portion 146. An arc runner 158 is disposed adjacent the main contact 34 to allow the arc to travel into arc shoots 160. The arced shoots 160 are used to divide a single electrical arc, formed as a result of the separating mean contacts 32, into a series of electrical arcs thereby increasing the total arc voltage which results in a limiting of the magnitude of the fault current.

The line-side conductor 37 has means for providing adequate electrical separation between the line-side conductor 37 and the contact arm 42 when the main contacts 32 are separated. More specifically, one side 162 of the line- Aivib ;i -14t 44 4 44

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Sar r r rt side conductor 37 is tapered downwardly. This is done to provide more separation between the line-side conductor 37 and the contact arm 42 when the main contacts 32 are separated since these two points are at different potentials.

The side plates 75 are used to support a portion of the operating assembly 55 of the circuit breaker 20. More specifically, these side plates 75 are disposed adjacent the center pole and are used to provide various functions. For example, aligned apertures 164 in the side plates 75 define 10 the pivot axis 74 for the crossbar 65. Another pair of aligned apertures 166 define the pivot axis 97 for the cradle assembly 86. Another set of aligned apertures 168 receive a stop pin 170 to limit counterclockwise rotation of the cradle assembly 86 during tripping of the contacts. A V-shaped notch 107 in the side plates 75 captures the pivot pin 106 for the handle arm 94. Lastly, an irregular slot 172 allows the crossbar 65 to rotate about the pivot axis 74.

In known circuit breakers, the side plates 75 are connected to the molded base 24 by various means, such as tabs extending downwardly from the bottom edge with threaded ends, spun over ens or staked ends, received in apertures or load-bearing plates in the molded base 24.

In other known circuit breakers, downwardly extending twist tabs are provided having straight shank portions and enlarged head portions. These twist tabs are received by slots disposed in spin plates carried in the underside of the base. The twist tabs are twisted to secure the side plates to the base. In this design, it is necessary to control the rAA; i length of the shank portions of the twist tabs relatively closely in order to avoid play in the side plates 75 after the twist tabs are twisted, which may affect the operation of the operating mechanism.

The twist tabs 174, provided in accordance with the present invention, extend downwardly from the bottom edge of the side plate 75 and are formed with shank portions 176, a tapered portion defining a sloped surface 178 and a head o o. portion 180. The twist tabs 174 are received in slots 182, e0 4 10 provided in a generally rectangular spin plate 184, carried 00 0 4a in a cavity 185 formed in the underside of the molded base 0 24. Once the twist tabs 174 are twisted, the spin plate 184 0o: is captured in the molded base 24.

e 0The sloped surfaces 178 contact the slots 1821 in the 15 spin plates 184. As the twist tab 174 is twisted, the shank portion 176 becomes shorter, thereby drawing a wider portion of the sloped surface 178 into engagement with the slot 182 to provide a secure connection between the side plates 75 and the molded base 24.

Since the spin plates 184 are stamped, they are configured to be received in the cavity 185 in the underside of the molded base 24 such that any rough edges on the break side resulting from the stamping process are not in engagement with the sloped surfaces 178. More particularly, as a result of the stamping process, one side of the spin plate 184 is relatively smooth while the break side of the spin plate 184 may contain burrs. In order to pievent cz z rT 1 I -16o *0 9 9t o 94 4 6 a 9 99 9 94« 9 9 9 9 9« 0* 9 a 9 D «O a( Q o o o «a 9 9 0 o ua improper orientation of the break side with respect to the molded base 24, the spin plate 184 is keyed so that it can only be received such that the break side contacts the underside of the molded base 24. This is accomplished by providing means for indexing the spin plate 184. The indexing means include extending finger portions 186 disposed generally parallel to each other on diametrically opposite corners 188 of the spin plate 184.

The two-piece cradle assembly 86 comprises a U-shaped cradle portion 190 and an L-shaped heat-treated portion 192.

The heat-treated portion 192 includes a latch surface 92 and a reset surface 114. Becauste of the wear on these parts, they are generally heat-treated. However, due to the complicated shape of cradle portion 190 having bends in many 15 different directions, heat-treating these portions can cause the cradle to become brittle and distorted. Accordingly, the cradle assembly 86, is formed from a two-piece assembly wherein only the wear surfaces, such as the latch surfaces 92 and the reset surfaces 1143, are heat-treated. The cradle portion 190 and the heat-treated portion 192 may be fastened together with rivets 194 or other suitable fasteners to form the cradle assembly 86.

The cradle portion 190 is int"-rally formed from two spaced-apart, parallel cradle-shaped arms 196 joined together at one end by a connecting portion 198 disposed substantially perpendicular to the cradle-shaped arms 196, A first pair of aligned apertures 200 is provided in the cradle-shaped arms t.

N P I 1 II a -17- 190 which define the pivot axis 90 for the cradle assembly 86 with respect to the side plates 75. A second pair of aligned apertures 202, provided in the cradle-shaped arms 196, define the pivot axis 97 between the upper toggle links 58 and the side plates The connecting portion 198 joins the cradle-shaped arms 196 together. Apertures 203 are provided in the connecting portion 198 for receiving the rivets 194 to allow the heattreated portion 192 to be fastened thereto. The attachment 4 a 10 of the heat-treated portion 192 to the connecting portion 198 a a ,also serves to reinforce the connecting portion 198.

a The heat-treated portion is an integrally formed piece aaa which defines the latch surfaces 92 and the reset surface 1145. Because the heat-treated portion is not as complicated 15 as the cradle portion 190 and does not contain as many bends in different directions, it is less likely to distort as a result of the heat-treating.

Another important aspect of this invention is that the heat-treated portion 192 is formed such that the engaging portions of the latch surfaces 92 and the reset surface 114 are flat, smooth surfaces to distribute the load. The use of the flat, smooth surfaces also reduces the friction between the components.

Claims (14)

1. A molded case circuit breaker having a housing, an operating mechanism carried by said housing and a pair of separable main contacts including a first main contact electrically connected to a first stationary conductor and a second movable main contact carried by a contact arm assembly electriczlly connected to a second stationary conductor, said contact arm assembly comprising a contact arm for carrying said second movable main contact, pivotal means for pivotally connecting said contact arm to said second stationary conductor about a pivot axis for movement between a first position and a second position; and means for controlling the dynamic friction between said connecting means and said contact arm when said contact arm is moved between said first position and said second position, said controlling means including boss means disposed on said pivotal means in the region of said pivot axis.

2. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1 in which the contact arm for carrying said second movable main contact is formed from two members fastened together at one end defining a contact carrying surface and spaced apart at the other end defining spaced-apart arm portions, wherein the pivotal means comprises means for pivotally connecting said spaced-apart arm portions to said second stationary conductor about the pivot axis for movement between the first position and the second position, and including means for adjusting the spacing between at least a portion of said spaced-apart arm portions. I- ~1~ -19-

3. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 2, wherein the means for pivotally connecting said spaced apart arm portions to said second stationary conductor includes a pivot bracket electrically connected to said second stationary conductor, said pivot bracket being received between said spaced-apart arm portions and means for pivotally connecting said contact arm to said pivot bracket and wherein the boss means comprises bosses integrally formed on each side of the pivot bracket which define contacting surfaces.

4. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 3 wherein said bosses are silver-plated. o0 5. A circuit breaker as claimed in any one of claims 2 to S0 4 and including a clinch joint connecting the spaced-apart arm portions for setting the dynamic friction between said connecting means and said contact arm when said contact arm I is moved between said first position and said second 00 position.

6. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 5 wherein said 0 0 clinch joint is adjustable.

7. A circuit breaker as claimed in either claim 5 or claim 6 including wave washers for adjusting the friction in said clinch joint.

8. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 2, wherein said connecting means includes a clinch joint which applies a clamping force with respect to, said pivot axis.

9. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 2 wherein said contact arm is formed from a pair of bifurcated contact arms. 1-1 A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 9 wherein said connecting means includes a bracket electrically connected to said second stationary conductor, said bracket having an aperture defining said pivot axis.

11. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 2 wherein saj controlling means includes means for adjusting the clamping force with respect to said pivot axis.

12. A circuit breaker as claimed in claim 11 wherein said adjusting means is spaced away from said pivot axis.

13. A contact arm assembly for a circuit breaker comprising two coextensive members jointed together at one end forming a contact-carrying surface for carrying a main contact and spaced apart at the other end defining spaced-apart arm positions having aligned first apertures, a pivot bracket received between said spaced-apart arm portions having a second aperture aligned with said first apertures in said spaced-apart arm portions, a pivot pin defining pivot axis received in said first apertures in said spaced-apart arm members and said second aperture in said pivot bracket 4 C forming a pivotal connection therebetween to allow movement of said coextensive members between a first position and a second position, and means for controlling the dynamic friction between the contacting surfaces uf the coextensive members and the pivot bracket when the coextensive members are moved between said first position and said second position, said controlling means including bosses disposed concentrically about said pivot axis. r'. -21-

14. An assembly as claimed in claim 13 wherein said bosses are s'lver-coated. An assembly as claimed in claim 13 wherein said bosses are integrally formed on said pivot bracket.

16. An assembly as claimed in claim 13 wherein said bosses are integrally formed on said coextensive members.

17. A molded case circuit breaker, constructed and adapted for use substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this 19th day of May, 1992. t WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION Patent Attorneys for the Applicant: PETER MAXWELL ASSOCIATES.