AU627216B2 - Improvements to building constructions - Google Patents

Description

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-1,AUSTALIA,( PATENTS ACT 1952 P/00/011 Form COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (ORIGINAL) 272 FOR OFFICE USE V 7 Short Title: Int. CI: Application Number: *i Lodged: 9 9 o g C 'Complete Specification-Lodged: 0 of Accepted: o Lapsed: 00 Published: Priority: OR" Flated Art: 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i r in i n i n jrrr Name of Applicant: Q 0 o Address of Applicant: Actual Inventor: Address for Service: TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT PEDER ULRIK HANSEN and PETER JOHN HANSEN 20 Fifth Avenue, PALM BEACH Q 4221 AS ABOVE John R.G. Gardner PO Box 443 MUDGEERABA Q 4213 Complete Specification for the invention entitled: IMPROVEMENTS TO EUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me:- SNote: The description is to be typed in double spacing, pica type face, in an area not exceeding 250 mm in depth and 160 mm in width, on tough white paper of good quality and it is to be inserted inside this form.

14599/78-L Printed by C. TIHOMPSON, Commonwealth Government Printer, Canberra L r; c 1~ 4.4 THIS INVENTION relates to improvements to building constructions and in particular to a joinery system for the formation of windows, doors and other openings in a building.

Conventional means for providing doors, or windows in a building such as a dwelling house usually involves the provision of external frames such as sills, jambs and head sections of metal or timber which are supported in formed openings in the building framework with the window or door panels supported in any desired manner in the window or door o°°l6. frames respectively for either slidable or pivotal movement.

The frames for window or doors may be either formed of metal oi :0 such as aluminium or timber. Such windows as above are generally installed into the building frame prior to 0 0 o completion of the building rendering them liable to breakage or damage. Furthermore such windows cannot readily be changed from fixed to sliding, right to left, casement to awiing or vice versa if desired. In most cases also the sashes project past the architrave finish thereby reducing 0 00 the amount of glass area thereby limiting light entry into the 0 2 0 building. Reglazing of the above types of windows in the event of breakages generally requires skilled personnel thereby resulting in increased costs. Furthermore door and window frame members of the above type cannot be interchanged.

A further disadvantage of the above conventional arrangements is 0 0.

°"002 that weather sealing is not always effective.

The present invention aims to overcome or alleviate one or more of the above disadvantages by p oviding an improved joinery system for the formation of windows, doors or other like openings in a building which simplifies building construction and which permits installation after building completion thereby eliminating the risk of damage, which enables rapid change of doors, windows or the like between sliding, fixed, casement or awning form and which provides overall improved weather sealing. Other objects and 3 advantages of the invention will become apparent hereunder.

The present invention accordingly provides in a first preferred aspect a frame assembly for a door, window, screen or the like including outer frame means, inner frame means supported to said outer frame means, said inner and outer frame means having respective elongated frame parts adapted to cooperate to define therebetween an elongated slot extending inwardly of said frame assembly relative to the normal outer side of said frame assembly, said frame parts being further adapted to co-operate to define an elongated substantially closed chamber, said chamber having a restricted entrance disposed generally normal to the plane of said frame assembly and opening to said slot at a position spaced from said outer side of said frame assembly and wherein air and/or water impinging upon said frame assembly from said normal outer side thereof, passes through said slot and into said chamber via -said restricted entrance whereby to be arrested in movement beyond said chamber.

Preferably, said inner frame means includes first and second co-operable members adapted to define with the frame part of said outer frame means, said chamber. Suitably, the frame part of said outer frame means extends laterally inwardly into an opening adapted closed by said door, window, screen or the like.

The first and second co-operable members of said inner frame means preferably co-operate to clamp the periphery of a door, window or screen panel therebetween. The first and second co-operable members preferably also include opposed flanges respectively adapted to co-operate to clamp said door, window or screen panel therebetween. Suitably, the first and second co-operable members further co-operate to define a hollow closed section extending along the perimeter of said inner frame means.

The inner frame means preferably is mounted for slidable or pivotal movement in said outer frame means. The outer frame means in one preferred form also supports a K\ plurality of inner frame means adapted to be located one behind I I a a a 3A the other and defining with said outer frame means respective said chambers.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a frame assembly for a door, window, screen or the like including an outer perimeter frame surrounding an opening, an inner perimeter frame located within said outer perimeter frame and supported for slidable or pivotal movement relative to said outer perimeter frame, said outer frame including flange means along at least one side thereof extending laterally inwardly of said opening, said inner frame means being adapted to overlie said flange means to define therewith an elongated chamber extending along said one flange means, said inner and outer frame means being further adapted to define therebetween an elongated passageway or slot extending inwardly of said opening, said chamber having a restricted entrance opening into said inner frame means and said flange means at a position spaced from said restricted entrance so as to close said chamber at said position.

Preferably, the inner frame comprises a pair of I 20 co-operable frame members, each said frame member including a L-shaped flange nesting one within the other, and said a"a'a restricted entrance is defined between the free edges of said flange and said flange means of said outer frame. The co-operable frame members suitably form a hollow cross-section 25 and the frame members are preferably adapted to co-operate to clamp a a o a oa'aIe o 0

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n o d o a o ow cu o a o ur su a or 4 peripheral portion of a panel of said window, door screen or the like therebetween.

The outer frame preferably includes an architrave portion and the inner frame in a closed position is located laterally outwardly of, or in alignment with the inner periphery of said architrave.

Suitably the respective frames and components thereof are constructed of metal and preferably of folded metal.

Alternatively, the frame members may be extruded of aluminium or other metal or plastics materials (individual sections or combinations of shapes).

In order that the invention may be more readily understood and put into practical effect, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a 15 preferred embodiment of the invention and wherein:- Fig. 1 is a perspective cut away view of a sliding window assembly according to the invention with associated screen; Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing details of the 20 window assembly at the jamb of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing details of the window assembly at the sill; Fig. 4 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3 showing details of a door assembly; 25 Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing details of the door and window assembly of Fig. 4 at the head; Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing details of the door and window at the meeting stiles; Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing details of the door and window in closed attitudes; Fig. 8 is a perspective cut away view showing a casement or awning type window assembly; Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing details of the jamb, head or sill of a casement or awning window; Fig. 10 illustrates details of an awning window or casement window at the transom or mullion; Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate details of fixed panels at "i, uX Ktir 4' o *0 00000.

00 0 00 *Ooo 0 p 0000 0 40 o 00 0 00 00 00 0 0 00 00 O 0 0000 0 0 00 0 00 0 000.$ 0 0* the jamb, head and sill,' and at the floor respectively; Fig. 13 illustrates details of rails of a sliding door or screen rail; Fig. 14 illustrates in sectional view the jamb and head of an interior door; Fig. 15 illustrates in sectional view the screen, jamb and head of an exterior door; Fig. 16 illustrates in sectional view the exterior door with screen at the sill; Fig. 17 illustrates in sectional view an awning/fixed glass window at the mullion; Fig. 18 illustrates in sectional view a sliding window transom (fixed sash to floor); Fig. 19 illustrates in sectional view a further sliding window transom (fixed sash to floor); Fig. 20 illustrates in sectional view the meeting of the stiles of a sliding window; Fig. 21 illustrates in sectional view an awning window at the meeting rails; 20 Fig. 22 illustrates in section view a sliding window jamb (fixed side); Fig. 23 illustrates in sectional view a sliding window sill with fixed side or screen; Fig. 24 illustrates in sectional view a fixed glass and 25 screen in line; Fig. 25 illustrates in sectional view a sliding window jamb (sliding side); Fig. 26 illustrates in sectional view a sliding window head; Fig. 27 illustrates in sectional view a sliding window mullion; Fig. 28 illustrates in sectional a sliding door sill; Fig. 29 illustrates the invention as applied to awning or casement windows with external weatherboard or ply cladding; Referring to the drawings and firstly to Fig. 1, there is illustrated in perspective view a sliding window assembly fite into the wall 11 of a building and including an

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Cr C -4 external frame 12 which locates with a wall opening where the window is required to be positioned. The wall frame 12 is made up of a plurality of interconnected sections which define the jamb, sill and head of the frame 12 and which include a first section 13 which is located on the inside of the wall 11 and defines an architrave about the opening, a second L-shaped section 14 which projects through the opening and a third section 15 which locates on the outside of the wall. It will be apparent that the sections may be applied in an unassembled form to the wall opening so that assembly may occur after completion of the remainder of the building whilst alternatively some of the sections for example the sections 13 and 14 or 14 and 15 may be interconnected prior to assembly with the other section. The sections 13 to 15 may be interconnected by means of welding, screws or any other fixing mechanism.

000690 The section 15 is also provided with an inwardly o: extending L-sectioned flange 16 which defines a seat for an elongated seal 17, the purpose of which will hereafter become o 20 apparent. Further Z-sectioned flanges 18 are secured to the «ooo section 14 to define seats for further seals 17.

0o The frames 19 for supporting the window glazing panels or screen material 20 preferably comprises pairs of cooperative members 21 and 22 which may be secured together in 25 the manner shown in Fig. 2 to clamp the panel 20 therebetween and define a perimeter frame about the panel 20 of hollow form.

The two members 21 and 22 may be clamped together by means of rivets, screws, bolts or other conventional fastening and preferably the members 21 and 22 are provided on their opposed edges with seals 23 which engage opposite sides of the panel The members 21 and 22 are also provided with complementary portions 24 and 25 (see Fig. 2) which nest with each other and define with the respective flanges 18 in the closed position of the windows respective chambers 26 which are closed on one side by engagement of the frames 19 with the seals 17 but which are spaced from the sections 18 at 27 to 6 define a restricted passageway into the interior of the chamber 26.

The assembly 10 in this embodiment also includes a flyscreen or security screen 28 which is beaded at 29 along its peripheral edges and which is clamped between members 21 and 22 of same form as the window panel members and in this embodiment the screen 28 is located on the exterior side of the building. As shown the co-operating members 21 and 22 of the screen frame also co-operate to define with the extended flange 16 of the section 15 a chamber 26 open to the outside through passageway 27'.

At the sill of the window assembly 10 as shown in Fig.

3, respected sections 30 having raised U-shaped portions are provided to define tracks for sliding movement of the window panels and/or screen. These sections 30 are secured to the Lshaped sections 14 in any suitable manner. To permit sliding movement of the selected panels the members 22 are provided with spaced studs 31 of generally tubular form on which respective wheels 32 may be rotatably mounted and retained by 20 headed studs 33. The wheels 32 have a concave surface for engagement with the track sections 30 and the tubular studs 31 are preferably internally threaded for engagement by the studs 33. i The fixed sash of the window assembly 10 is secured to 25 the central Z-sectioned flange 18 by means of headed studs 33 *"ooo passed through apertures in the flanges 18 into the tubular studs 31. The studs 31 are preferably secured to the members 22 by welding. As shown the respective frames 19 are provided with seals or draft excluders 34 which engage with the adjacent frames 19 to improve air sealing between the respective frames.

A similar arrangement to that described above is provided at the head of the window assembly as shown in dotted outline in Fig. The chamber 26 defines with the adjacent jamb, sill and head sections complex venturi chambers into which air enters through the passages 27 ,nd swirls in the manner indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1 so as to be slowed down thereby rendering L f-i 7 the seals 17 which are compressed between the frames 19 and jamb, sill and head sections more effective in resisting airborne water passing into the interior of the building. This effect is enhanced due to the provision of the series of chambers 26 defines between respective inner frames 19 of the screen, fixed and sliding panels and outer frame of the window assembly.

It will be apparent from Figs. 1 and 2 that the window and screen sashes when closed, fit within the edge of the architrave section 13 so that maximum light entry into the building can be achieved as maximum glass area is exposed.

Sliding doors can be constructed in a similar manner as described above in relation to sliding windows except that the frame members for the door panels and screen are of larger dimensions as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Furthermore as shown in Fig. 4, the external frame sections about the door opening are o of slightly different form to enable fitting into the adjacent floor or decking area. As shown in Fig. 3, the external frame section at the sill is also inclined outwardly for drainage .44 20 purposes (as is the window external frame) and a generally UshaDed section 35 which defines a lip at the door entrance for weather sealing purposes is provided on the inside of f the wall.

2 At the head of the door as shown in Fig. 5, the jamb u 25 incorporates an architrave 36 whilst the opposite side of the jamb is supported by a Z-section 37, one flange of which locates in a slot 38 in the wall.

At the mullion the door and window frames co-operate in conventional manner as shown in Fig. 6 whilst when the sliding door or window panels are moved to a closed position as shown in Fig. 7, venture chambers 26 are formed between the sliding panels or glass or the screen and the Z-section flanges 18 to function in the manner described above.

Referring now to Fig. 8, there is illustrated in perspective view, a casement or awning window assembly 40 in which the window sash frame 41 is of similar form to the frame 4 -E'T 19 of the sliding or fixed sash of Fig. 1. The jamb, head and L 8 sills for the window assembly 40 in this instance are defined by channel-like sections 42 which extend about the perimeter of the window opening 43 and which are provided with elongated seals 44 on opposite faces with which the sash frame 41 engages and compresses as shown.

The window assembly 40 is also provided with frame sections 45 which are assembled with the sections 42 to be connected thereto in any suitable fashion and which are located on opposite sides of the wall 46 so as to define with the sash frame 41 respective passages 47 into the venturi chamber 48 which functions as in the sliding window assemblies. A similar arrangement is provided on the inside of the wall 46 except in this instance the sash frame 49 supports a screen panel or material 15 The screen 50 and associated frame 49 are as shown in Fig. 9 connected by hinges 51 to the section 45 so as to be pivotal between an open and closed attitude. The window sash frame 41 may be hingedly connected to the opposite section in a similar manner.

20 At a mullion or transom, the pivotal windows locate in a closed position in the manner shown in Fig. 10 defining the a venturi chambers 48 which co-operate with the seals 44 to ;a prevent ,?ater or air passing into the interior of the building.

A fixed sash may be secured to an external frame in the a 25 manner shown in Fig. 11 by mans of spacer members 52 which are connected to the sash frame 41 and outer frame 53 by means of screws, bolts or other fasteners and at a floor, the fixing arrangement using similar spacers 52 as shown in Fig. 12 may be employed.

Fig. 13 shows the preferred arrangement for providing rails for screen or glass doors. The rails in each instance are of similar form and defined by respective opposed sections 54 and 55, one 54 of which is provided with a internally threaded hollow stud 56 and the other 55 of which is engaged with the stud 56 by means of a bolt 57. When engaged, the two sections 54 and 55 combine to sandwich respective glass panels 2X 58 of a door or respective screen panels 59. In the former i 1 9 instance seals 60 are preferably employed between the sections 54 and 55 and the panels 58 whilst in the latter arrangement the beaded ends 61 are held captive by the co-operating members 54 and The window, door and screen assemblies described above may be employed in many different combinations in a building structure as illustrated in Figs. 14 to 29. Hinged interior doors may be provided for as shown in Fig. 14 or exterior doors as in Figs. 15 and 16 in combination with hinged screen doors in accordance with the invention.

Fixed panels can be provided in casement or awning combinations as in Fig. 17 or sliding combinations with fixed sashes to the floor as in Fig. 18 or in Fig. 19 where a sliding screen is employed. Where sliding windows, doors or screens meet, the arrangement of Fig. 20 may be employed and the arrangement of Fig. 21 employed for the meeting rails of awning windows.

°The arrangement of Fig. 22 may be provided for the jamb at the fixed side of a sliding window assembly and the 03 0 a configuration of Fig. 23 for the sill of a sliding window assembly where no screen or a fixed screen is provided. Fig.

24 shows a preferred arrangement for a sliding window or door assembly with a screen in line with the fixed sash and Fig. 25 a preferred arrangement at the jamb of a sliding I> -A

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window or door. Fig. 26 illustrates the head of a sliding window or door and Fig. 27 a sliding door mullion with no screen. Fig. 28 illustrates the sill of a sliding door with no screen.

Fig. 29 illustrates the system of the invention as applied to use with ply cladding, wood, or manufactured weatherboards 62. In this configuration further angle sections 63 are secured to the wall studs 64 by fasteners which also pass through the weatherboards. On the inside of °1<3 c the wall further sections 65 are secured to the wall stud 64 and include return portions 66 which define a slot 67 for receipt of the internal wall cladding 68 which may be gyprock if 0O, 0desired. The cladding 68 may be secured to the studs 64 in 0 0 any conventional manner. The sections 63 and 65 also provide a mount for the channel sections 42 which may be secured thereto through mating flanges using any suitable fasteners.

It will be apparent from the above that the joinery system of the invention has broad application in building constructions and may be readily adapted to suit certain 1°20° requirements. For example as the jamb, sill and head sections 0 are in parts, they may be simply varied in size to suit any thickness of wall. Furthermore as moving and fixed sashes are identical, the fully glazed units may be installed after Po«o building completion. The joinery is suitable for continuous "2°S full height glazed walls as mullions and transoms as illustrated in Fig. 10 for example are designed to include structural members such as steel supports.

As sash and door members are designed to form the same size venturi chamber, they are interchangeable in certain circumstances so for instance wind requirements can be satisfied.

For example, large sashes can be made of door members. Louvers and cyclone shutters can be incorporated in combination with flyscreening and security mesh if des'!red. Complex shaped architraves can be incorporated into the system and flashings Ii s

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x~ *1 8 44 8 8 4 formed and finished to match the joinery itself. Special metals such as stainless steel, bronze or copper can be specified for special architectural effects and for extreme conditions of noise and temperature double glazing with silica gel in the cavity can be incorporated into the system. Any alterations or repositioning can be carried out without damage to surrounding wall surfaces due to the split jamb design and thicker glass can be incorporated where desired.

The components are preferably manufactured from sheet metal such as any metal suitable for post forming and any suitable finishes such as powder coating finishes may be 8"8, employed. Suitably the metal sections are formed by folding or rollforming, however extruded metal or plastic sections o may be employed if desired.

All such variations and modifications to the invention as would be apparent to persons skilled in the art are deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of the invention as herein set forth.

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Claims (15)

1. A frame assembly for a door, window, screen or the like including outer frame means, inner frame means supported to said outer frame means, said inner and outer frame means having respective elongated frame parts adapted to co-operate to define therebetween an elongated slot extending inwardly of said frame assembly relative to the normal outer side of said frame assembly, said frame parts being further adapted to co- operate to define an elongated substantially closed chamber, said chamber having a restricted entrance disposed generally normal to the plane of said frame assembly and opening to said slot at a position spaced from said outer side of said frame assembly and wherein air and/or water impinging upon said frame assembly from said normal outer side thereof, passes through said slot and into said chamber via said restricted entrance whereby to be arrested in movement beyond said chamber.

2. A frame assembly according to Claim 1 and including seal means between said frame parts for sealing said chamber S° .20 at a position spaced from said restricted entrance.

3. A frame assembly according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 S: wherein said inner frame means includes first and second co-operable members adapted to define with said frame part of said outer frame means, said chamber. o 4

4. A frame assembly according to Claim 3 wherein said o" frame part of said outer frame means extends laterally inwardly into an opening adapted to be closed by said door, window, screen or the like and wherein said first and second co- operable members include L-shaped portions, the legs of said L-shaped portions terminating short of said frame part to define said restricted entrance.

5. A frame assembly according to Claim 3 or Claim 4 wherein said first and second co-operable members of said inner ./.Lb1 frame means co-operate to clamp the periphery of a door, window wi n0 between si uirIy, IAu provides overall improved weather sealing. Other objects and 2 -L--Yll)ill~L~-.~II I-1IU~Y- 13 or screen panel therebetween.

6. A frame assembly according to Claim 5 wherein said first and second co-operable members include opposed flange portions respectively adapted to co-operate to clamp said door, window or screen panel therebetween.

7. A frame assembly according to any one of Claims 4 to 6 wherein said first and second co-operable members further co- operate to defined a hollow closed section extending along the perimeter of said inner frame means.

8. A frame assembly according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said inner frame means is mounted for slidable or pivotal movement in said outer frame means.

9. A frame assembly according to any one of the prcceding claims wherein said outer frame means supports a plurality of inner frame means adapted to be located one behind the other 20 and defining with said outer frame means respective said chambers.

10. A frar..e assembly for a door, window, screen or the like including an outer perimeter frame surrounding an opening, an inner perimeter frame located within said outer perimeter frame and supported for slidable or pivotal movement relative to said outer perimeter frame, said outer frame including flange means along at least one side thereof extending laterally inwardly of said opening, said inner frame means being adapted to 30 overlie said flange means to define therewith an elongated chamber extending along said one flange means, said inner and outer frame means being further adapted to define therebetween an elongated passageway or slot extending inwardly of said opening, said chamber having a restricted entrance opening into said passageway or slot and seal means adapted to be located between said inner frame means and said flange means at a position spaced from said restricted entrance so as to 4, I I i I 4I I 4 4' I4 a t I 4 t I I 'i -il l-ux- 14 close said chamber at said position.

11. A frame assembly according to Claim 10 wherein said inner frame comprises a pair of co-operable frame members, each said frame member including a L-shaped flange, said L- shaped flange being nested one within the other, said restricted entrance being defined between the free ends of said flanges and said flange means of said outer frame.

12. A frame assembly according to Claim 11 wherein said co-operable frame members further form a hollow cross-section adjacent said chamber.

13. A frame assembly according to Claim 11 or Claim 12 wherein said frame members are adapted to co-operate to clamp a peripheral portion of a panel of said window, door, screen or the like therebetween.

14. A frame assembly according to any one of the preceding 20 claims wherein said outer frame includes an architrave portion and wherein said inner frame in a closed position is located :i laterally outwardly of, or in alignment with the inner periphery of said architrave portion. 25

15. A frame assembly substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, 4 to 7, 8 to 10, 11 and 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25, 26 and 28 of the accompanying drawings. DATED this twenty-seventh day of May 1992 PEDER ULRIK HANSEN PETER JOHN HANSEN By Our Patent Attorney JOHN R.G. GARDNER I i I