AU616536B2 - Removable waterborne temporary coating - Google Patents

Description

a: :i OPI DATE 19/02/90 AOJP DATE 29/03/90 APPLN. ID 36990 89~ PCT NUMBER PCT/US89/01980 INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUB E UPTR PA NT OPERATION TREATY (PCT) (51) International Patent Classification 5 C09D 5/00 SI te a na li Number: Al International Publication Date: WO 90/01051 8 February 1990 (08.02.90) (21) International Application Number: (22) International Filing Date: PCT/US89/01980 9 May 1989 (09.05.89) Priority data: 225,116 27 July 1988 (27.07.88) (81) Designated States: AT (European patent), AU, BB, BE (European patent), BF (OAPI patent), BG, BJ (OAPI patent), BR, CF (OAPI patent), CG (OAPI patent), CH (European patent), CM (OAPI patent), DE (European patent), DK. FI, FR (European patent), GA (OAPI patent), GB (European patent), HU, IT (European patent), JP, KP, KR, LK, LU (European patent), MC, MG. ML (OAPI patent), MR (OAPI patent), MW, NL (European pctent), NO, RO, SD, SE (European patent), SN (OAPI patent), SU, TD (OAPI patent), TG (OAPI patent).

Published With international search report.

With amended claims.

(71) Applicant: ASHLAND OIL, INC. [US/US]; P.O. Box 391, Ashland, KY 41114 (US).

(72) Inventors: DOTSON, Daniel, J. P.O. Box 813, Huntington, WV 25712 HAYNER, Roger, E. 1403 Christopher Court, Flatwoods, KY 41139 (US).

(74) Agents: WILLSON, Richard, Jr. et al.; P.O. Box 391, Ashland, KY 41114 (US).

(54) Title: REMOVABLE WATERBORNE TEMPORARY COATING (57) Abstract A waterborne temporary protective coating for the protection of vehicles during transit from manufacturer to automotive dealer. Combinations comprising acrylic emulsions, waxes, solvents, corrosion inhibitors, defoamers, amines, and surfactants provide temporary protection to painted and non-painted substrates and are easily removable without kerosene or steam. Also, being waterborne and removable with alkaline cleaners, they are non-detrimental to the environment.

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1- v r WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 I WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 REMOVABLE WATERBORNE TEMPORARY COATING 2 CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONZS 3 4 USSN 124,655 (Attorn ocket 6255AUS) filed November 24, 19 2-rates to the general field of the 6 nven 7 8

BACKGROUND

9 1. Field of the Invention 11 12 The present invention relates to the field of 13 corrosion resistant coatings, more particularly water 14 based coatings for temporary protection of painted surfaces and easy removability. A major application is 16 the protection of painted surfaces of automobiles during 17 transit from manufacturer to distributor, including 18 international transportation. Such compositions are 19 sometimes called "transit waxes".

21 2. Prior Art 22 23 Various water-based compositions taught in the 24 prior art, e.g. U.S. 4,659,380, U.S. 4,444,802, U.S.

4,444,803 all to Winters and Savell produce coatings for 26 the protection of metal from corrosion.

27 28 Other waterborne coatings, e.g. U.S. 4,315,957 to 29 Hereth et al. (Hoechst), utilize wax in waterborne formulations for protective coatings.

31 32

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32 Some prior formulations are intended specifically 33 S for automobile permanent coatings, e.g. Japanese patent 3 applications 62132-569-A and 62132-568-A (Kansai Paint KK) both of which use radiation to cure compositions 36 containing radical polymerisable unsaturated compounds, 37 such as epoxy resins and waxes.

38 39 A WO90/01051 15 PCT/US89/01980 I i i _.i1I 4t WO 90/01051 PCT/U S89/01980 1 -2- 2 Aqueous wax dispersions for preserving metal and 3 lacquer are taught by West German patent DE 3512564 Al, 4 16 October 1986 to Ziegler et al. BASF AG).

6 All of the above coatings are basically permanent 7 coatings and do not fill the object of the present 8 invention to provide a temporary coating for protecting 9 surface of automobiles, etc. temporarily, during transit.

11 12 Temporary coatings are taught by Kawabata (Nippon 13 Oil) U.S. 4,442,140 which teaches compositions 14 containing oxygen-containing wax, emulsifying agent, talc or other silica, other solid pigment or filler.

16 U.S. 4,442,140 compositions tend to flake off and stain 17 as noted at its column 1, line 33-37.

18 19 U.s. 4,594,109 also to Kawabata (Nippon Oil) comprising oxygen-containing wax, polybutane, silicone 21 oil, various fillers and an emulsifier. The use of 22 silicone oil precludes any over-spraying, e.g. to cure 23 minor defects or pitting damage during transit.

24 Therefore, neither of these formulations is 26 well-suited to protection of automotive coatings, even 27 though these compositions are designed to be removable.

28 29 Even with those formulations which are water-basedi and which are designed for reasonably efficient removali 31 31 of the temporary coating, many require removal with hot 32 steam and solvents, e.g. kerosene, others particularly 33 Sthose employing wax will cause difficulty in removal and 34 Spossible staining of the undercoating. Others, e.g.

water-based amine-containing compositions, can cause 36 softening of the permanent coating which they are 37 intended to protect. Most waxy formulations provide only 38 39 V: :a I I I WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 -3- -3- 2 a hazy or opalescent finish, detracting substantially 3 from the appearance of the automobile or other coated 4 object which they are protecting and may obscure vision through the windshield during drive-on, drive-off 6 operations. As mentioned above, some formulations have 7 prevented over-coating, particularly those formulations 8 which contain silicone. Many wax-containing (water-or 9 solvent based) formulations present a soft waxy film which retains dirt, creating unsightly appearance after 11 long transportation. Solvent based formulations 12 generally present health hazards in the work place where 13 they are applied and removed as also do coatings which 14 require steam and solvent combinations for their removal.

16 17 SUMMARY 18 19 1. General Statement of the Invention: 21 According to the present invention, it has been 22 discovered that waterborne, optionally clear,_rotectiYve 23 coating for protection of new vehicles in transit a.nd 24 the like which is easily removable without harm to the underlying permanent coating can be formulated from: 26 acrylic .emulsions, preferably alkali soluble acrylic 27 emulsions, amines.,.. pat aqu.eous a.ammaQni and 28 amines such as morpholine, triethylamine/triethanolamine 29 (TEA), dimethylethanolamine (DMEA), diethylaminoethanol (DEAE), 2-amino, 2-methyl propanol (AMP 31 32 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 3 3 34 Figure 1 is a bar graph of comparative 3 Weatherometer test results of the invention versus 36 several comparative conventional formulations as set 37 forth in the Examples.

38 iii 39 16 ikl~- WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 34 36 37 38 39 0 V/ 0 -4- Figure 2 is a schematic of an article of manufacture comprising a painted metal substrate coated with a composition of the invention.

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS STARTING MATERIALS Acrylic Emulsions Preferably the compositions of the present invention will include acrylic emulsions, and more preferably those which are alkali soluble. A preferred acrylic emulsion having film forming characteristics at ambient temperatures and a glass transition (Tg) of 5-40 0 C. Non-volatile content should be in the range of about 30-50% by weight. Acid value of the acrylic ao -coo^ mor- FeaQ\^ should be in the range of -aet-\75-150 which allows for alkali solubility.

Preferred commercial acrylic emulsions would include Neocryl BT520 from Polyvinyl Chemical and Carboset 514H or XPD-1214 from B.F. Goodrich.

The amount of acrylic emulsion to be utilized for the present invention is not narrowly critical. For most formulations, the acrylic resin content will be from about 0.5 to 90, more preferably from about 10 to about 60, and most preferably from about 20 to about by weight.

All percents given herein are percents by weight based on the weight of the total formulation unless otherwise expressly stated. These percents assume average concentration and, of course, can be greater i

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i ?i0~ iS 4:~ iiBI t 4 WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 2 reduced by over-dilution with water and/or co-solvents 3 without departing from the spirit of the invention.

4 Amine 6 7 The term "amine" as used herein, includes aqua 8 ammonia. Aqua ammonia (preferably 280 Be) is the most 9 preferred "amine" for purposes of the present invention.

Other amines usable include morpholine, triethanolamine, 11 dimethylethanolamine (DMEA), diethylaminoethanol (DEAE), 12 preferably supplied commercially as "AMP-95", or others 13 commercially available and used by those skilled in the 14 art.

16 The amine will be present preferably in about 17 0.1-20 parts by weight, more preferably 1.0-10, and most 18 preferably about 1-5 parts by weight. The most 19 preferred amine is about 1-5 parts by weight of aqueous ammonia (280 Be).

21 22 Cosolvents 23 24 Cosolvents are desirable, though not absolutely necessary, because they assist in rapid drying.

26 Preferred cosolvents are alcohols, e.g. ethanol, 27 Isopropanol or isobutanol; glycol ethers e.g. butyl 28 cellosolve, cellosolve, methyl cellosolve, dipropylene 29 glycol methyl ether (DPM), propylene glycol methyl ether 3 and various others as may provide desired 31 characteristics in blending and application for the 3 particular formulation of interest.

33 34 Cosolvents will preferably be present in about 0-30 parts, more preferably 1-20 parts, and most preferably 3 1-10 parts. i 37 38 39 f 'I-iI- WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 -6- 2 Corrosion Inhibitors 3 4 The preferred corrosion inhibitors for the purposes of the invention are the most preferred metal passivator 6 commonly known as CobratecR TT85 available from PMC 7 Specialities, Cincinnati, Ohio, which is a sodium salt 8 of tolytriazole. Other effective corrosion inhibitors 9 are ammonium salts of dichromate and molybdate and the Corbratec benzotriazoles. SACI 445W emulsion from Witco 11 Chemical and other calcium sulfonate emulsions can be 12 used. Ammonium benzoates and sodium nitrites cin also 13 be employed in the formulations in the present 14 invention. It has been found that experimental emulsion 31327X1 from Michelman, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio, has a 16 particular advantage in the present invention because it 17 has been discovered to not only have both a corrosion 18 inhibition, but also a stabilizing effect when used in 19 the formulations of the present invention.

21 Corrosion inhibitors will generally be present in 22 about 0.1-15, more preferably 0.1-10, and most 23 preferably 0.5-5 parts'by weight based on the weight of 24 the formulation.

26 Surfactants 27 28 Preferred surfactants include non-ionic 29 surfactants, e.g. Triton X-100, a 100% active octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol having a HLB value of 13.5 31 and available from Rohm Haas. Other non-ionic 32 surfactants, e.g. Igepal, available from GAF may be 33 used. Anionic and cationic surfactants may 1. used in Sspecialized circumstances, but are generally not preferred because they have a tendency to attack the 36 underlying paint film which is to be protected and 37 because they may form unstable emulsions due to their 38 39 W0 90/01051 PCT/US89/01 980 1-7- 2 incompatibility with other ingredients. Triton X-100 is 3 particularly preferred because it has a two-fold 4 advantage. Triton X-100 imparts excellent surface wetting of the mixture, and also renders the cured f ilm 6 more sensitive to removal by hot water, providing 7 additional ease in removability.

8 9 Surfactants will generally be present in amounts of about 0.1-10, more preferably 0.2-5, and most preferably 11 0.5-2.0 parts by weight based on the total weight of the 12 formulation.

13 14 UV Additives 16 Though not required for the formulations of the 17 present invention, their economics and solubility 18 considerations will permit, various UiV absorbers, 19 hindered amine light stabilizers and anti-oxidants may be incorporated to lengthen or improve the desired 21 protecti on provided to the underlying coating by the 22 temporary f ilms of the present invention. UV absorbers 23 and HALS function to keep the acrylic resin from 24 cross-linking from outdoor heat and UiV exposure, and thereby permit longer periods of protection and provide 26 films which remain easy to remove.

2.7 28 When used in the present invention, UiV additives 29 will generally be present in amounts of 0.05-5%, more preferably most preferably 0.15 to about 1% by 31 weight, but these amounts are not narrowly critical.

32 Defoamers 34 In most of the formulations nf the present 36 invention, def oamers are valuable additives and any of 38 39 i>.

WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 -8- 2 acrylic formulations are acceptable. Particularly 3 preferred is BYK 020 available from BYK-Chemie and 4 SWS211 available from SWS Eilicones Corp. in Adrinn, Michigan.

6 7 Defoamers will generally be used in very small 8 amounts ranging from a trace to 5.0, more preferably 9 0.01 to about 2, and most preferably 0.02-0.5 parts by weight based on the weight of the formulation.

11 12 Other Additives 13 14 Various corrosion inhibitors, wax emulsions, and additives commonly known to those skilled in the 16 coatings art may be added to tailor specific properties 17 desired in cured films according to the invention.

18 19 21 Techniques in Mixing 22 23 Apparatus: The apparatus Eor the present invention 24 will be that conventionally utilized in the preparation of coatings compositions, e.g. kettles and mixing tanks 26 having flow metering or measuring devices and agitation 27 means, e.g. pumps mounted on side-arms connecting with 28 the main vessel, internal stirrers, contra-rotating 29 shearing devices and any of the other available devices which are well known to the art.

32 Temperature: The entire formulation of the 33 present compositions can be accomplished at or near room 34 temperature without need for expensive heated vessels, temperature control, etc. No substantial exotherm is 3 involved during formulation of the compositions of the 37 invention in most cases. The temperature during mixing 38 39 iI S WO 90/0105 PCT/US 89/01980 WO 90/01051 PCr7US89/01980 -2/2 WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 19 -9- 2 may be different during different stages in the 3 formulation. These temperatures are not narrowly 4 critical and will vary to provide faster mixing or better compatibility of ingredients according to 6 observation of those skilled in the art. For example, 7 pressure vessels may be utilized for the purpose of 8 lowering ingredient melting and boiling points, where 9 useful, in order to provide better dispersion of difficult-to-mix ingredients.

11 12 Mixing Procedure: While the formulations of the 13 present invention may be manufactured continuously if 14 desired, batch techniques will be more usually employed.

Acrylic emulsions, water, corrosion inhibitors and 16 neutralizing agents are mixed in a stainless vessel.

17 18 Quality Control: 19 The finished formulation, prior to packaging, will 21 generally be checked for viscosity, solids content, 22 freeze-thaw stability, film build, spray ability, 23 corrosion-protection under accelerated conditions and 24 other tests utilizing techniques well known to the coatings industry.

26 27 Application: 28 29 The formulations of the present invention may be applied to substrates to be protected by conventional 31 application techniques, such as spraying, brushing, 32 dipping, flow-coating, electrostatic airless spraying.

33 Coating thickness can be varied by changing the formulation, the number of coats, or the amount applied 34 per coat but in general will be in the range from 36 abqut 0.5 to about 5 mils after drying.

37 38 S39 I if WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 2 EXAMPLES 3 4 Example 1 6 (Formulations according to the invention providing 7 firm film for protection of underlying permanent S8 paint layers and also providing easy removability Swith alkaline cleaners) 11 To a conventional unjacketed mixing kettle equipped 12 with mild impeller rotary mixer or agitation are added, 13 in order: 55.3 parts by weight of Neocryl BT-520, an 14 alkali-soluble acrylic emulsion manufactured by Polyvinyl Chemical Industries and described above under 16 "Acrylic Emulsions" at room temperature (about 20 0

C);

17 42.10 parts by weight of water (tap water) at tap 18 temperature (approximately 15 0 these components are 19 allowed to mix until homogenous, no substantial reaction is involved. To this mixture is added very slowly 1.79 21 parts by weight of aqua ammonia (280 Baume NH40H) which 22 will cause the mixture, previously milky, to become 23 clear. This neutralizes the acid groups on the acrylic 24 resin but involves no substantial exotherm. To this clear mixture is added 0.18 parts by weight of Triton 26 X-100, a nonionic surfactant manufactured by GAF, 0.45 27 parts by weight of Cobratec-85, a sodium salt of a 28 tolytriazole manufactured by PMC Specialities, and 0.18 29 parts by weight of BYK-020, a defoamer manufactured by BYK Chemie. Agitation is continued during the addition 31 of all of the ingredients. No heating is required. i 32 Agitation is continued for about two hours until the S33 mixture is entirely homogenous.

34 The homogenous batch is sampled for quality control 3 and the pH is found to be about 9 (a range of pH is 37 h preferably from about 8 to 10, more preferably from 38 39 iLi WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980

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1 -11- 2 about 8.5 to Nonvolatiles are measured by wt% of S3 evaporation and found to be approximately 23% 4 (nonvolatiles will generally be in the range of from about 18 to 27, more preferably from about 20 to 25, and 6 most preferably from about 21 to 24% though these can, 7 of course, be reduced by dilution of the formulation, 8 e.g. for specialized applications).

9 ASTM Method D-2369 is used to determine 11 nonvolatiles.

12 13 Viscosity is found to be about 23 seconds using a 14 Ford Number Four cup viscometer (preferred viscosity will be in the range of from about 15 to about 27, more 16 preferably from 18 to about 25, and can also vary with 17 dilution as needed).

18 19 Resulting product is tested for weathering resistance by applying it to a cold rolled 10 10 steel 21 panel which has been painted with a Dupont acrylic 22 enamel which is sprayed on. After drying for 24 hours, 23 the test panel is subjected to a xenon light 24 Weatherometer operated according to ASTM G-26-83 and resists over 300 hours of exposure to the Weatherometer 26 without failure.

27 28 A panel which had been exposed for 300 hours to the 29 Weatherometer was then sprayed with a cleaner composed of water, DPM (co-solvent) and Triton X-100 (surfactant) 31 and 280 Be aqua ammonia. The temporary coating of the 32 present invention is readily removed with gentle 33 sponging (allow to set for 3-5 minutes). The alkaline 34 cleaner effectively solubilizes the coating and it removes readily. Examination of the underlying acrylic 36 enamel permanent finish shows no visible staining, no V 37 38 39 -r 1 :-ii r WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 -12- 2 apparent gloss reduction or other apparent softening or 3 damage to the permanent film.

4 The coating composition exhibits good freeze/thaw 6 stability over 5 cycles of 8 hours at 0°F followed by 16 7 hours at about 25 0 C and repeat.

8 9 Examples 2-13 11 (Formulations produced according to the 12 techniques of Example 1, but using the 13 respective parameters set forth in Table 2 14 provide the results described in Table 2) 16 Example VI is a commercial temporary protective 17 formulation available from Eastman Kodak comprising: 18 19 (Eastman E43 Anionic Emulsion) Eastman E43 Polyethylene 40 PBW 21 Tall Oil Fatty Acid 7 PBW 22 Morpholine 6 PBW 23 KOH 3 PBW 24 Sodium Metabisulfite 0.4 PBW Isobutanol 4 PBW 26 Water 61 PBW 27 28 Exanple VII is a commercial temporary protective 29 coating also available from Eastman comprising: 31 (Eastman E-10 Anionic Emulsion) 32 Eastman E10 Polyethlene 40 PBW 33 Tall Oil Fatty Acid 7 PBW 4 34 Morpholine 6 PBW Water 103 PBW 36 37 1

MODIFICATIONS

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WO 90/01051 PCT/US89/01980 1 -13- 2 Specific compositions, methods, or embodiments 3 djicussed are intended to be only illustrative of the 4 invention disclosed by this specification. Variation on these compositions, methods, or embodiments are readily 6 apparent to a person of skill in the art based upon the 7 teachings of this specification and are therefore 8 intended to be included as part of the inventions 9 disclosed herein.

11 For example, pigments or non-staining dyes can be 12 added to provide distinctive color and/or opacity, 13 multiple coats can be used, compositions can be diluted 14 as needed to provide desired film thickness and ease of application., These compositions will typically permit '16 recoating with additional coats of similar compositions 17 without wrinkling or lifting of the base coat. In 18 fact, the second coating will generally cause some 19 softening of the first layer of the temporary coating so that the two coats fuse together and form a desirably 21 thick coat.

22 23 Reference to patents and other literature made in 24 the specification is intended to result in such patents or literature being expressly incorporated herein by 26 reference including any patents or other literature 27 cited within such patents.

28 29 31 32 33 34 36 'r 37 38 i 39 o- TABLIE 2 (Partf, by lWeighL)

EXAMPLE

E.x. wip I c Ituii II I tivent ion/Comp.

I it III IV V V1, ViI Vill IX X X1 X11 B31641-84 B1641-15 B1641-76 B1595-149 B1595-IOOC B1641-79A B1641-55B3 BIS95-168 B1595-142 B1595i-10111 Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Inv. Comp. Camp. Inv. Camp. Camp. Camp. Comp.

XiII B1595- Ise Comp.

A~ryl it: Emnulsion lBr-520 Go~odrich~ XPD-1214 Ikohmn Ilaas WIS 24 Ani ie 28"' Be Aqua Ammonnia Corrosion Inhibil-ors Coubritec 39 Cobra Iec '11135 Sn r acIan IS Triton A-100 De I oarners IIYK 020 SwS 2 11 55.3 32.2 31.6 32.2 32.2 1.79 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 100-0 0.45 0.18 0.2 0-1 0.1 0.113 (:i-Solvenl~s 1 ;oblt) Ianal ~iiI er 1.5 42.10 63,1 3.5 '23.5 61.5 61.5 4. 47.5 70 L15 (it her Addjt~ives Am. Ifou-chst V11 CTE W~ax Dura Chem WS 0215 CainparaI iv,. Formo lat ions AlIl i vd Chem i cl 1Hl oll i c 1 10 F'riim Is un m Aioniv E-41 E mu lson mm Aim icomic K-101 Kiimu :;ionl urt-m.- IY'.4m IA-vv ill lie:; mm, Sollt ionm) 1010.01 100.01 TTL.

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o '0 o 0 0 111 TAAI.E 2 (con' 1) (Parts by Weight) l-.dmpl P kul I ivenit io/Comp.

I I1 I 1II B31641-84 B1641-15 B3164 1-7 9A Inv. Inv. Inv.

EXAMPLE

IV V 131641-76 15164 1-55B3 I v.

V I ViI Vill B31595-1683 ap. Comp. 3Inv.

Ix X X Rl1595-149 131.

Comp. Comp.

XI Xli X111 B31595-IOOC llsq'i-l8B3 '42 B31595-lOIA Comp. Comp. Comp. Inv- Col

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We,,I heroinel or Flmn Appearance Film Firmness v..-of Removability with Alkaline Cleaner 300hr 300hr 30P~r I 300lir clear clear cracked clear clear cracked hazy hard hard hard hard hard hard cracked hazy hard 3006 r clear hard ifl0lir 300hi 300hr5 :300hr 300hr hazy opaque clear clo-ar clear t ransparenL hard firm soft firm hard fair excel. excel. 2 good 3 good 3 excel. joor poor4 excel. excel.

Poor, would not remove R I -6,3 1AUS -Was unable to test for removability because film washed off during exposure.

R an outdoora on 19836 Pontiac 6000 for 3 months exposure, excel ent results up to 3 months.

2-Removed with cold water only, alkaline cleaner not required.

3 Material was water sensitive, cold water removable, stained tiint film.

4 Stained painted substrate.

S- Filim was washed off by weatheromneter rack spray.

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Claims (14)

1. Anti-corrosive, storage stable, water-based, water or co-solvent reducible, non-staining, dispersible coating compositions removable with water-based alkali cleaners at room temperature, capable of application and flow on solid substrates to form a firm but removable coating, said composition comprising: A. 0.5 to 90% by weight alkali soluble acrylic emulsion or acrylic copolymer emulsion, having acid value in the range of 20-200, and glass transition temperature of 5 to 400C; e* from 0.1 to 20% by weight of water-soluble amine or aqueous ammonia; C. 0.1 to 10% by weight of nonionic surfactant having a hydrolipo balance (HLB) of from 10 to 15; and D. water with optional co-solvents, corrosion inhibitors, UV additives, defoamers and other additives.

2. A composition according to Claim 1 wherein the surfactant comprises an alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol orI other nonionic surfactant.

3. A composition according to Claim 1 comprising 0 to weight co-solvents selected from the group consisting of alcohols and glycol ethers.

4. A composition according to Claim 1 further including i 0.1 to 15% by weight of corrosion inhibitors.

I A composition according to Claim 3 in which Ii I U -17 co-solvents comprise faster evaporating alcohols selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, secondary butanol.

6. A composition according to Claim 4 comprising corrosion inhibitors selected from the group consisting of benzotriazoles, tolytriazoles, ammonium salts of dichromates and molybdates.

7. A composition according to claim 1 in which the acrylic emulsion is an acrylic copolymer emulsion having o: acid value in the range of 20-200.

8. A composition according to Claim 6 comprising the sodium salt of tolytriazoles.

9. A method for coating solid substrates wherein a composition according to Claim 1 is applied to a painted S"substrate by dipping, brushing, rolling and/or spraying.

10. An article of manufacture comprising a painted substrate coated with a film derived from a composition of Claim 1.

11. Anti-corrosive, storage stable, water-based, water or co-solvent reducible, non-staining, dispersible coating compositions removable with water-based alkali cleaners at room tem-erature, capable of application and flow on solid substrates to form a firm but removable coating, said composition comprising: A. 0.5 to 90% by weight alkaline soluble acrylic emulsion or acrylic copolymer emulsion, having l acid value in the range of 20-200, and glass transition temperature of 5 to 40 0 C; B. from 0.1 to 20% by weight of water-soluble amine sl^ i- 18 or aqueous ammonia; C. 0.1 to 10% by weight of nonionic surfactant having a hydrolipo balance (HLB) of from 10 to and D. water with optional co-solvents, corrosion inhibitors, UV additives, defoamers and other additives; whereby the pH is from 8 to

12. Compositions according to Claim 11 additionally comprising 0-30% by weight of co-solvents selected from the group consisting of alcohols and glycol ethers, and still further comprising 0.1 to 15% by weight of corrosion inhibitors.

13. Compositions according to Claim 12 wherein said corrosion inhibitors are selected from the group consisting of benzotriazoles, tolytriazoles, ammonium salts of dichromates and molybdates.

14. Compositions according to Claim 12 wherein the co-solvents comprise faster evaporating alcohols selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, and secondary butanol. DATED THIS 15TH DAY OF AUGUST 1991 ASHLAND OIL, INC. By its Patent Attorneys: GRIFFITH HACK CO Fellows Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia 0