AU605121B2

AU605121B2 - An evaporative air conditioner

Info

Publication number: AU605121B2
Application number: AU66063/86A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Timothy Frank O'Brien
Original assignee: Brivis Australia Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Brivis Australia Pty Ltd
Priority date: 1985-12-03
Filing date: 1986-12-03
Publication date: 1991-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2006-12-03
Also published as: AU6606386A

Description

60512 1 Form

AUSTRALIA

PATENTS ACT 1952 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION

(ORIGINAL)

FOR OFFICE USE Short Title: Int. Cl: Application Number: Lodged; do: tplete Specification-Lodged: Accepted: amlg3 Rrb~rity: C C t Lapsed: Published: amendments made vnd i' Sction 49 and is cor ect for I Rclated Art: rile of Applicant: TO BE COMPLETED BY APPLICANT BRIVIS AUSTFALIA PTY. LTD., Address of Applicant: Actual Inventor: 61 Malcolm Road, Braeside, Victoria 3195, Australia TIM F. O'BRIEN AdU~ resbr Service: CLEMENT HACK CO., 601 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victo~ria 3004, Australia.

Comr,:ete Specification for the invention entitled: "AN EVAPORATIVE AIR CONDITIONER" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me:- PF/CPIF/2/80- 1 GRIFFITH HACK CO PATENT AN D TRADE MARK ATTORNEYS MELBOURN E S Y D N E Y P E R T H C C 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0000 0 o00 00 0 0000 2 oo oo o 060 00 0 0000 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 AN EVAPORATIVE AIR CONDITIONER The present invention relates to an evaporative air conditioner.

Conventional evaporative air conditioners comprise a rigid metal or plastic housing formed by bolting or rivetting together a base plate, a top plate and four uprights. The housing supports the filter panels and the other components of the air conditioner such as the fan assembly and the water tray. Usually the water tray is formed from metal or rigid plastics material. The housing has two separate functions, namely to define an enclosure to ensure that air only flows into the air conditioner through the filter panels 00 3 and to act as a structural member to support the components of the air conditioner.

There are a number of disadvantages associated with such conventional air conditioners. First, the units are relatively heavy and therefore are difficult to install on site. Generally, two workmen are required to maneuver each unit into position for installation.

Second the units are made from a relatively large number of different metal or rigid plastics components and as a 00o consequence it is not practical to assemble the units on 00: site. Moreover, the manufacturing costs of the various o0 components and the assembly costs represent a 0. significant proportion of the total cost of the units.

0o Third, the units are not readily adapted to be dismantled into a fold down position during cooler periods when air conditioning is not required which is desirable in order to limit direct exposure to the 0o environment.

0000 0ooo An object of the present invention is to o 0 0 0 0 0 alleviate the disadvantages described in the preceding 0 000 paragraph.

a According to the present invention there is provided an evaporative air conditioner comprising 0 0 a housing comprising a plurality of top, base and side 0 00 panels formed to detachably interfit together without bolting or rivetting, at least some of said panels comprising porous regions to allow air to flow into the housing, one of the panels comprising an opening defining an outlet for cooled air to flow from the housing, a water distribution system to circulate water through the porous panels, a fan assembly located in and substantially shielded by the opening of the outlet panel operable to draw air into the housing through the porous panels and to force cooled air through the outlet 4and the outlet panel and one of the other panels being complementary so that the housing can be folded down to a storage position in which the water distribution system and the fan assembly are protected from direct exposure to the weather by removing the other panels and positioning the said one of the other panels to overlie the said outlet panel.

An evaporative air conditioner so formed has a number of advantages. First, in the knock-down 0o oposition, the water distribution system and the fan o assembly are shielded from direct exposure to the weather and thus there is minimal deterioration of these 00oo-0o 0 ODcomponents during relatively cool periods when air o o 0oo conditioning is not required. Second, the air 00 o 0 conditioner can readily be transported in the knock-down

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form from the manufacturer to the installation site and, as a result, there are substantial savings in transportation costs since approximately two units o0 Occupy the space of a conventional air conditioner.

0000 oo0000o In one embodiment, it is preferred that the 00 0 housing is substantially non-load bearing and the air uo° conditioner further comprises a frame to support the 0003 o housing and the fan assembly. Preferably at least the 0 base panel is moulded from styrene foam.

00 0o 0 It is preferred that the base panel of the housing is formed with an opening that defines the outlet for the housing and the fan assembly is supported within the opening by the support frame. Alternatively, I it is preferred that one of the side panels is formed with an opening that defines the outlet for the housing and the fan assembly is supported within the opening by the support frame. Alternatively, it is preferred that the top panel is formed with an opening that defines the outlet for the housing and the fan assembly is supported

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within the opening by the support frame.

Preferably the fan acsembly comprises an axial fan.

It is preferred that the perimeter of both the base and the top panels define mounting surfaces to contact the lower and upper ends of the side panels. It is particularly prefe-"red that the base panel and the top panel are formed with flanges positioned outwardly of the mounting surfaces to restrict outward movement of 0 0 o the side panels.

It is preferred that the support frame comprises o 0u o0o0 a base frame on which the base panel rests, and a o o bracket connected to the base frame and to the fan assembly thereby to support the fan assembly in the 0000 outlet.

In an alternative embodiment, it is preferred that at least the base panel is load bearing and the 000 side panels are substantially non-load bearing, and that oo0 the housing further comprises corner uprights detachably 001 o o connected to the base and top panels. In a particularly 0 preferred arrangement the base panel is formed from o rotary cast or moulded plastics material and the top panel and the corner uprights are formed from sheet 00 o metal. 0 o o It is preferred that the base panel comprises an opening that defines an outlet for cooled air to flow from the housing and that the fan assembly is located in and is substantially shielded by the opening. It is preferred that the fan assembly is supported by the base panel.

It is preferred that the fan assembly comprises an axial fan having a plurality of fan blades extending from a rotary shaft and a motor operatively connected to the shaft positioned downstream of the fan blades.

.iurcl -I 6 According to the present invention there is also provided an evaporative air conditioner comprising, a base panel, a top panel and corner uprights detachably fitted together without bolting or rivetting to define a load bearing housing, the base panel having an opening that defines an outlet to allow cooled air to flow from the housing, a plurality of side panels detachably fitted to the housing, at least some of the side panels having porous regions to allow air to flow therethrough into the housing, a water distribution system to circulate water through the porous regions, a fan assembly located in and substantially shielded by the 0 0 0 opening in the base panel operable to draw air into the ooo housing through the porous regions and to discharge 0000 o0oC cooled air from the housing through the outlet, the fan a 00 o.oo assembly supported by the base panel and comprising a 0 00 0 plurality of fan klades extending from a rotary shaft 0.00 and a motor operatively connected to the drive shaft downstream of the fan blades, and the base panel and the top panel being complementary so that the housing can be 0o0 folded down to a storage position in which the water 0000 ooo distribution system and the fan assembly are protected from direct exposure to the weather by removing the side 0o panels and the corner uprights and positioning the top 00 o panel to overlie the base panel.

000000 0 Further details description of the present 0 invention is now provided with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of an evaporative air conditioner formed in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a section through the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figures 1 and 2; Figure 4 is a side elevation of the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figures 1 to 3, in a storage position; >4 'Iu rl ~S 4rgi1 I 7 Figure 5 is a section through the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a side elevation of another embodiment of an evaporative air conditioner formed in accordance with the present invention; Figure 7 is a section through the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figure 6; Figure 8 is a side elevation of another Og embodiment of an evaporative air conditioner formed in 0 accordance with the present invention; Figure 9 is a section through the evaporative 0000 oo.oO air conditioner shown in Figure 8; o0 0 oo o Figure 10 is an exploded perspective view of a 00 fourth embodiment of an evaporative air conditioner 0000 formed in accordance with the present invention; Figure 11 is a detailed perspective view of a lower corner of the evaporative air conditioner in the direction of the arrow X in Figure Figure 12 is a partially sectional side view of the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figures 10 and o11o I in an assembled position; Figure 13 is a detailed perspective view of an 0 0vn upper corner of the evaporative air conditioner in the 00 0 direction of the arrow Y in Figure Figure 14 is a perspective view of the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figures 10 to 13 in a position intermediate an assembled and a knock-down position; Figure 15 is a top plan view of the base panel of the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figures to 14; and Figure 16 is a side view of the evaporative air conditioner shown in Figures 10 to 15 in a knock-down position.

O L L ,e i i iii ii-i-iiL_ r( 8 In the figures there are shown four embodiments of an evaporative air conditioner operable to lower the air temperature in the surrounding environment by adiabatic transfer between the air and an air conditioning medium, in the present case water. The only difference between the three embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9 is the location of the outlet through which cooled air is forced by the fan assembly of the evaporative air conditioner. In the embodiment shown in O 0 o Figures 1 to 5 the outlet is positioned in the base of 00 ~the housing; in the embodiment shown in Figures 6 and 7 oo0000 0ooo. the outlet is positioned in one of the side panels of o ,o oo ~the housing; and in the embodiment shown in Figures 8 0o and 9 the outlet is formed in the top panel of the ooo housing. The fourth embodiment shown in Figures 10 to 16 differs from the three embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9 in a number of respects, as will be evident from oo the following description.

0000 ooao The air conditioner shown in Figures 1 to o 0 comprises a housing generally identified by the numeral OO 3. The housing 3 comprises a base panel 5, four side o o panels 7 and a top panel 9 which interfit together.

o With reference to Figure 3 each side panel 7 r, comprises a layer of porous material 8 wired, clipped or 0 O o otherwise secured to mesh 10 connected to an outer rigid rectangular support frame. The porous material is selected to allow the passage of air therethrough and to entrap any entrained particles in the air. The outer support frame includes upper and lower locating pins 12 that extend through openings 44 in the top and base panels thereby to connect the panels together to form the housing 3. Adjacent side panels are clipped together to increase the rigidity of the housing so formed.

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9 The base panel 5 and the top panel 9 are generally square and are moulded from styrene foam. It should be noted that it is preferred that the housing 3 be substantially non load supporting and therefore any suitable plastics material could be used to form the base panel and the top panel.

The base panel 5 is formed with a central opening 17 that defines an outlet through which cooled 00 °air is forced from the housing 3. The base panel 0o further comprises a water tray 27 formed in the annular region between the central opening 17 and the perimeter oa .of the base panel 5. The water tray 27 forms part of 0 0 the water distribution system described hereinafter.

o00 The perimeter of the base panel 5 and the top panel 9 are formed with mounting surfaces 11 that contact the upper and lower ends of the side panels 7. The top panel 9 and the base panel 5 also include flanges o0 that bear against the outer surface of the side panels 7 o 0 O adjacent the upper and lower ends to prevent the flow of air through the gap between the mounting surfaces 11 and o the upper and lower ends of the side panels 7, thereby ensuring that the flow of air into the housing 3 is through the porous material only. The flange 15 of the base panel 5 also prevents overflow of water from the 0 water tray 27.

The air conditioner comprises a fan assembly, generally identified by the numeral 19, to draw air through the porous side panels 7 into the housing 3 and to force cooled air from the housing 3 through the central opening 17 in the base panel 5. The fan assembly 19 comprises an axial fan 21 and a motor 23 positioned downstream of the axial fan 21 and is located in the central opening 17 of the base panel

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-v L 1 -171 4W IL_~ 1 .LL l---.1T_,lilii: 10 The air conditioner further comprises a water distribution system to circulate water through the porous side panels 7. The water distribution system comprises a water pump 29 which forces water from the water tray 27 in the base panel 5 through a conduit 31 to a manifold 33 located on the lower surface 35 of the top panel 9. A series of distribution arms 37 extend from the manifold 33 to supply water to water 0 distribution channels 39 positioned in the upper ends of each of the porous side panels 7. The water circulates through the side panels 7 and any run off returns to the 0 C water tray 27.

o o The air conditioner further comprises a rigid frame, which separately supports both the housing 3 and the fan assembly 19. The support frame 41 comprises a base frame 43 on which the base panel 5 rests and a bracket 49 connected to the base frame 43 and to the fan assembly 19 thereby to support the fan assembly 19 in the central opening 17 in the base panel 5. The base 00 frame 43 and the lower pins of the side panels 7 are od detachably connected together by means (not shown).

One of the features of the air conditioner is that it can readily be dismantled into a fold down 0' position by removing the side panels 7. As is shown in Figures 4 and 5, in the fold down position the top panel 9 directly overlies the base panel 5. It can readily be appreciated that in the fold down position the fan assembly and the components of the water distribution system are protected from direct exposure to the environment.

As previously indicated the two embodiments shown in Figures 6 to 9 are similar to the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 5 with the principal differences being the location of the outlet through which cooled RL~air is forced from the housing.

_i -i ~-~~-tYt~UT~T 11 00 o 0 o0 0 0000 0 0 o oc o o 0 As can best be seen in Figures 6 to 9 the repositioning of the outlet requires only minor modifications to the basic structure of the embodiment of the air conditioner shown in Figures 1 to Specifically, it is necessary to insert a blank 55 into the central opening 17 in the base panel 5 and to replace one of the porous side panels 7 with a replacement side panel 57 (embodiment in Figures 6 and 7) or the top panel 9 with a replacement top panel 59 (embodiment in Figures 8 and It will be noted that the replacement panels 57, 59 are formed with respective central openings 61 that define the outlet for cooled air and receive the respective fan assemblies 19. In the case of the replacement top panel 59, conveniently a base panel 5 can be used. Furthermore, in the case of the replacement side panel 59, conveniently a slightly modified base panel 5 can be used. It is particularly preferred that the base panel is used as the replacement top of side panels 59 in order to reduce the manufacturing costs.

It is also necessary to adapt the support frame 41 to support the fan assemblies 19 in position with the central openings 61 in the replacement panels 57, 59.

However, as can be seen from Figures 6 to 9 such adaption principally involves the addition of framework to the rigid frame 41.

A fourth embodiment of an evaporative air conditioner in accordance with the present invention as shown in Figures 10 to The air conditioner comprises a housing generally identified by the numeral 103. As can best be seen in Figure 10 the housing 103 comprises a base panel 105, a top panel 107 and corner uprights 109. As can best be seen in Figure 12 the housing further comprises side panels 111 formed from porous material to allow air o o o 00000 V 0 Q 00 0l 00 12 to flow from the outside into the housing 103. The side panels 111 are of the type described in co-pending Australian Patent Application PH 8796 in the name of the same applicant and the disclosure in that application is incorporated herein.

The base panel 105 comprises a generally square base 113 with cut-off corners 114 formed from rotary cast or moulded polypropylene and four side shields 115 formed from sheet metal positioned to extend substantially along the sides of the base 113. The ,C shields 115 are formed with upper and lower flanges 117 o so that the shields 115 can be slidably received over the sides of the base 113. It will be noted that the o upper flange 117 is angled downwardly to define a ledge o which extends substantially around the perimeter of the base 113. As can best be seen in Figure 12 the lower edge 118 of each side panel 111 is similarly inclined w and is positioned to rest on the ledge.

~As can best be seen in Figures 10 and 14 the base panel 105 further comprises guides 119 rivetted to each cut-off corner 114 Df the base 113 to receive and support the corner uprights 109.

4 The top panel 107 is formed from sheet metal and comprises cut-off corners 121 and downwardly directed flanges 123. The cut-off corners 121 define guides to receive and support the corner uprights 109.

The corner uprights 109 are formed from sheet metal and comprise inturned flanges 125 (Figure 13) which define channels adapted to be snuggly received by the guides 119 and 121 of the base panel 105 and the top panel 107, respectively.

The base 113 of the base panel 105 comprises a central opening 129 that defines an outlet through which cooled air is forced from the housing 103. The base 113 13 further comprises a water reservoir 131 which is generally annular in plan, as can best be seen in Figure The water reservoir 131 forms part of a water distribution system for the air conditioner, as will be described hereinafter.

As can best be seen in Figure 14, the air conditioner further comprises an H frame 139 positioned underneath the base panel 105 to support the air oconditioner.

It can be appreciated from the foregoing that the base panel 105, top panel 107, corner uprights 109 and side panels 111 can readily be assembled together to form a substantially rigid housing 103. To securely hold the housing together in the assembled position the air conditioner further comprises elastic straps 126 connected to the top panel 107. The free end of each of the straps 126 is tied back to form a loop 128 so that the straps 126 can be secured to the base panel 105 by positioning the loops 128 over aligned pins (not shown) extending from the base panel 105. By selecting the length of the straps 126 so that when the housing 103 is assembled together it is necessary to slightly stretch the straps 126 in order to locate the loops 128 into position on the base panel 105 ensures that the top panel 107 is biased downwardly towards base panel 105.

It can also be appreciated from the foregoing that the base panel 105, top panel 107, corner uprights 109 and side panels 111 can readily be disassembled and the top panel 107 re-positioned to overlie the base panel 105. In this regard, as can best be seen in Figures 14 and 16 the base panel 105 and the top panel 107 have complementary mounting surfaces so that the top panel 107 is snuggly received over the base panel 105.

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r,0.o 14 The top panel 107 can be securely retained in the knock-down position by locating the loops 128 of the straps 126 over pins 141 extending from the H-frame.

The air conditioner shown in Figures 10 to further comprises a fan assembly, generally identified by the numeral 151, located in the opening 129 in the base 113 of the base panel 105 and operable to draw air into the housing 103 through the porous side panels 111 and to force the cooled air from the housing 103 through the opening in the base 113.

As can best be seen in Figure 12, the fan assembly 151 comprises an axial fan having a plurality of blades 157 extending radially from a rotary drive shaft 159 and a motor 161 operatively connected to the drive shaft 159 positioned downstream of the blades 157.

The air conditioner further comprises a support frame to locate the fan assembly 151 in the opening 129 in the base 113. As can best be seen in Figure 12 the support frame comprises an inner ring 163 bolted to the motor 161, a concentric outer ring 165 rivetted to the wall 167 that defines the opening 129 in the base 113, and a plurality of radial arms 169 extending between the rings 163, 165.

The air conditioner further comprises a water distribution system to circulate water through the porous side panels 111. The system comprises the water reservoir 131 formed in the base 113 of the base panel 105, as is described in the foregoing. The system further comprises a water pump 171 (Figure 15) to force water from the water reservoir 131, a pair of conduits 173 connected to the pump 171 and positioned to deliver the water to the top panel 107, and a pair of discharge conduits 175 supported by the top panel 107 and connected to each delivery conduit 171 to direct the _ii L ll*i~ *i~a.cl~r~61;C= -rr water into water distribution channels 177 (Figure 12) in the upper edge of the side panels 11. In use water circulates downwardly through the porous side panels 111 and any run-off returns to the water reservoir 131. In normal use there will be water loss from the system through evaporation. To compensate for such water loss the system further comprises an inlet 183 (Figure 15) to connect the system to mains water supply and a float valve 185 (Figure 15) to regulate the amount of water SV C delivered to the water reservoir 131 from the mains 0 supply.

~The four embodiments of the air conditioner oos Qooo formed in accordance with the present invention Q 8, boo. described in the foregoing having a number of advantages o 0 over conventional units. Such advantages include the O~e ease of assembly of the components that form the air conditioner, Further, since there are relatively few components there are reduced manufacturing costs. In addition, the panels are light weight (particularly those described in relation to Figures 1 to 9) and are readily adapted for assembly on site. The air o conditioner can readily be folded down into a storage 0000 position, thereby protecting the components such as the oo fan assembly from direct exposure. Moreover, there are 00 Q o0 particular advantages associated with positioning the fan assembly in the opening in the base or other panel, which may be summarised as follows: i. The fan assembly is shielded effectively from damage.

2. The downstream location of the motor results in substantially quieter operation of the air conditioner since there is no longer an obstruction to laminar flow of air in the interior of the air conditioner, as is the case with conventional units.

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Claims

16- THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1. An evaporative air conditioner comprising a housing comprising a plurality of top, base and side panels formed to detachably interfit together without bolting or rivetting, at least some of said panels comprising porous regions to allow air to flow into the housing, one of the panels comprising an opening defining an outlet for cooled air to flow from the housing, a water distribution system to circulate water through the porous panels, a fan assembly located in and substantially shielded by the opening of the outlet panel operable to draw air into the housing through the So 0porous panels and to force cooled air through the outlet o oand the outlet panel and one of the other panels being 6o complementary so that the housing can be folded down to ono a storage position in which the water distribution system and the fan assembly are protected from direct exposure to the weather by removing the other panels and boo positioning the said one of the other panels to overlie oa ooo the said outlet panel. o~oa 2. The evaporative air conditioner defined in vaa claim i, wherein the housing is substantially non-load Sbearing and the air conditioner further comprises a frame to support the housing and the fan assembly. 3. The evaporative air conditioner defined in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein at least the base panel is moulded from styrene foam. 4. The evaporative air conditioner defined in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outlet panel is the base panel. 17 The evaporative air conditioner defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outlet panel is one of the side panels. 6. The evaporative air conditioner defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outlet panel is the top panel. 7. The evaporative air conditioner defined in Soo any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the fan assembly a, 0 comprises an axial fan. 00 00 0 0000 o 0o 8. The evaporative air conditioner defined in 0 any one of the preceding claims, wherein the base and 0000 O 0 the top panels each comprise a mounting surface in the perimeter thereof to contact the lower and upper ends of the side panels, respectively, and the base panel and the top panel each comprise a flange positioned o outwardly of the mounting surface to restrict outward 0 movement of the side panels. 000 o 0o 9. The evaporative air conditioner defined in 0 claim 2, wherein the support frame comprises a base 0 O frame on which the base panel rests, and a bracket connected to the base frame and to the fan assembly to support the fan assembly in the outlet panel. The evaporative air conditioner defined in claim 1, wherein at least the base panel is load bearing and the side panels are substantially non load bearing and the housing further comprises detachably interconnectable corner uprights interconnecting the base and top panels. 11. The evaporative air conditioner defined in claim 10, wherein the base panel is formed from rotary \3d i _I o 0 0 00 dA0 0 0 D 0 00 0 a 0 000 0 0 00 0000 0 00 00 0 18 cast or moulded plastics material and the top panel and the corner uprights are formed from sheet metal. 12. The evaporative air conditioner defined in claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the outlet panel is the base panel. 13. The evaporative air conditioner defined in claim 12, wherein the fan assembly is supported by the base panel. 14. The evaporative air conditioner define,! in any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein in the fan assembly comprises an axial fan having a plurality of fan blades extending from a rotary shaft and a motor operatively connected to the shaft downstream of the fan blades. 15. An evaporative air conditioner comprising, a base panel, a top panel and corner uprights detachably fitted together without bolting or rivetting to define a load bearing housing, the base panel having an opening that defines an outlet to allow cooled air to flow from the housing, a plurality of side panels detachably fitted to the housing, at least some of the side panels having porous regions to allow air to flow therethrough into the housing, a water distribution system to circulate water through the porous regions, a fan assembly located in and substantially shielded by the opening in the base panel operable to draw air into the housing through the porous regions and to discharge cooled air from the housing through the outlet, the fan assembly supported by the base panel and comprising a S0 9 0 0, LV A0 A7 L I W I m. 19 plurality of fan blades extending from a rotary shaft and a motor operatively connected to the drive shaft downstream of the fan blades, and the base panel and the top panel being complementary so that the housing can be folded down to a storage position in which the water distribution system and the fan assembly are protected from direct exposure to the weather by removing the side panels and the corner uprights and positioning the top a. o panel to overlie the base panel. 16. An evaporative air conditioner substantially as herein before described with reference Oe to the accompanying drawings. Dated this 2nd day of October, 1990 0 BRIVIS AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD. By Its Patent Attorneys Sa GRIFFITH HACK CO. Fellows Institute of Patent on Attorneys of Australia a S Sa S 0O