AU4524100A - Sterilization container - Google Patents

Description

WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 1 STERILIZATION CONTAINER The present invention relates to a container for use in sterilizing an object and to a method for sterilizing an object. The apparatus and method of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in sterilizing medical and surgical 5 equipment. Surgical operations must be carried out under strict conditions of sterility to minimize infection risk in the patient. To this end, a sterile field is set up in the operating theatre around the patient. Any theatre staff, such as surgeons or nurses, who have to touch the patient during surgery must rigorously scrub and wear sterile 10 surgical gloves. All instruments and equipment used in the surgery must also be sterile. Surgical equipment is frequently supplied inside sterile packaging which ensures that the equipment inside the packaging is sterile and remains so whilst the packaging remains unopened. However, storage, handling and distribution of the 15 packaging causes the outer surface of the packaging to become non-sterile. To account for this whilst maintaining the sterile field in the operating theatre, surgical teams include a non-sterile nurse who opens the packaging of pieces of surgical equipment and exposes the sterile equipment to a nurse within the sterile field. The nurse within the sterile field then removes the sterile equipment from the packaging. 20 Provided that the non-sterile nurse does not touch the equipment, sterility of the sterile field is not compromised. A number of pieces of medical and surgical equipment are re-usable. In order to re-use such equipment, it is necessary to sterilize the equipment before use in the next operation. Sterilization of medical and surgical equipment is commonly carried 25 out in an autoclave in which steam at elevated pressure and a temperature of around 134'C sterilizes the equipment. Although autoclaving is an effective sterilizing method, difficulties can arise when it is desired to sterilize delicate medical and surgical equipment. In particular a number of pieces of equipment are typically loaded into the autoclave at a time, which 30 can lead to breakage of delicate equipment. Moreover, it can be difficult to maintain WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 2 sterility of the equipment when it is removed from the autoclave and stored for use in the next operation. Other methods of sterilisation that are frequently used include exposing the medical apparatus to a sterilising gas, such as ethylene oxide or STERAD, or soaking 5 in a cold sterilizing liquid. Endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery, also commonly known as key-hole surgery, is become more wide spread. Endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques are low invasive techniques that can dramatically reduce the duration of stays in hospitals by patients. Endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques require the use of telescopes 10 (hereinafter called "endoscopic telescopes" for convenience) to enable the surgeon to see the site of the surgery on a monitor. Endoscopic telescopes comprise an elongated body in the form of a thin tube having an enlarged housing at one end thereof, which housing contains optical components and allows coupling to a camera or video feed. The other end of the endoscopic telescope is inserted into the patient via an incision 15 made in the patient's skin. The endoscopic telescope projects into the sterile field and hence the endoscopic telescope must be sterilized. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for and an apparatus for use in sterilizing an object such as a piece of medical or surgical equipment. In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for sterilizing an object 20 comprising placing the object into a container, the container having an opening through which the object is inserted, the container having at least a portion which is adapted to be collapsed or deformed, closing the opening with a vapour permeable closure and placing the container in a sterilizing environment for sufficient time to sterilize the object. 25 Preferably, the vapour permeable membrane is a water vapour permeable membrane. Preferably, the vapour permeable membrane is also permeable to liquid water. Preferably, the vapour permeable membrane is permeable to other liquids, such as sterilizing liquids. 30 Preferably the step of placing the container in a sterilizing environment includes the step of placing the container in an autoclave and operating the autoclave WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 3 for sufficient time to sterilize the object. Although autoclaving is the preferred sterilizing method, other sterilizing methods may be used. Such methods may include placing the container in a sterilizing fluid. In such cases, the closure should also be permeable to the sterilizing fluid. 5 The step of closing the opening of the container preferably comprises the step of affixing a vapour-permeable closure to a rim of the opening. The closure may be affixed to the rim of the opening by an adhesive. The closure may comprise any suitable vapour permeable material. Preferably, the material is also permeable to other fluids, such as gases. However, it is preferred that the closure material does not allow 10 the passage of bacteria therethrough. In another embodiment, the step of closing the opening comprises placing a lid or cover on or over the opening, which lid or cover includes at least a portion which is permeable to vapour. The lid or cover is preferably a tamper-evident lid or cover that can only be removed from the container in a tamper-evident manner. Such tamper 15 evident lids or covers are well known and will not be described further. The closure material may comprise a microporous membrane. More preferably, the closure material comprises a paper or paper-based material. It will be appreciated that the closure material should be resistant to failure under the sterilizing conditions used. For example, a thermoplastic material that melts at a temperature 20 below the temperature used in an autoclave is unsuitable for use in the present invention if autoclaving is to be used to obtain sterilization. A suitable membrane material could be TYVEK, a proprietary material manufactured by DuPont. This would be suitable for use in the STERAD system. Other materials could also be used. By placing the object in a container and closing the opening in the container, 25 the object is protected from damage by contact with other objects during sterilization by virtue of the object being protected by the container. The closure confines the object within the container and prevents the entry of bacteria into the container after sterilization is complete. Thus, the container also provides a convenient storage container that can maintain sterility of the object. 30 In another aspect, the present invention provides a container for use in sterilizing an object, the container being adapted to receive the object, the container WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 4 having a first end having an opening to allow positioning of the object in the container, a second end located generally opposite the first end and wherein at least a portion of the container is adapted to be collapsed or deformed whereby the first end and the second end are moved relatively towards each other. 5 Preferably, at least a portion of the container near the first end is collapsible or deformable whereby collapsing or deforming of the collapsible or deformable portion causes the first end to move relatively closer to the second end. Preferably, the container includes an elongated portion for receiving an elongate object. 10 Preferably, the container is relatively enlarged at the open end. This allows easier insertion of the object into the container. It also enables the container to hold objects having a relatively enlarged part, for example, such as an endoscopic telescope. Preferably, the container is adapted to contain a piece of medical or surgical equipment, more preferably an elongated medical apparatus, most preferably 15 an endoscopic telescopic. Preferably, the opening in the first end of the container is sealable by a vapour permeable closure. The vapour-permeable closure may be affixed to the rim of the opening in the first end to thereby close the opening. The vapour permeable closure may be removed from the open end by peeling. The vapour permeable closure may 20 comprise a paper or paper-based material or a microporous material. The vapour permeable membrane is preferably a water vapour permeable membrane. The vapour permeable membrane is preferably permeable to liquid water. In another embodiment, the open end of the container may be closed after insertion of the object to be sterilized has been inserted therein by placing a lid or cap 25 on the open end, which lid or cap includes a vapour-permeable portion. Preferably, the lid or cap is a screw-on lid or cap that has a threaded portion that co-operates with a complementary threaded portion formed on the container. Alternatively, the lid or cap may be a pop-on type. The lid or cap is preferably provided with a tamper-proof seal or a tamper 30 evident seal. It is especially preferred that the lid cannot be removed from the container after it has been fitted. If the closure is removed, it should be apparent that it WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 5 has been removed and that sterility has been compromised. Preferably, removal of the closure damages the closure such that it cannot be re-applied to the container. The lid or cap may be provided with a vapour-permeable portion by forming the lid or cap with an opening and covering the opening with a vapour-permeable 5 material. The vapour permeable material may comprise a paper or paper-based material or a microporous material. Alternatively, the lid or cap may be manufactured from a vapour-permeable material. The second end of the container may be formed as a closed end. More preferably, the second end of the container is closed by a vapour permeable means. 10 This allows air to circulate through the container after autoclaving to thereby assist in drying any condensed water inside the container. The vapour permeable means may be a paper or paper-based closure means or a microporous material. In embodiments where the second end is a closed end and is formed from the material of the container, one or more vapour-permeable windows may be provided in the container. Indeed, 15 one or more vapour-permeable windows may be provided even if the second end has a vapour-permeable closure thereon. In one embodiment of the present invention, the container comprises a first portion and a second portion joined together. The first portion may include the first end and the second portion may include the second end. The first and second portions 20 are preferably formed from plastics material and may be joined by any suitable method, such as welding. The first portion may contain the deformable or collapsible portion, or the second portion may contain the deformable or collapsible portion. Alternatively, both the first portion and the second portion may contain a collapsible or deformable portion. 25 The container is most preferably designed for use in the sterilization of endoscopic telescopes. In this embodiment, the container has an elongated part into which the endoscopic telescope is inserted and an enlarged portion depending from the elongated part for holding the enlarged part of the telescope. It is preferred that the elongated part has the deformable or collapsible portion. This may be provided by 30 having corrugations or flutes formed in the outer wall(s) of the elongated part. Other arrangements that lead to a collapsible or deformable portion may also be used.

WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 6 In a most preferred embodiment of the container embodiment for use in sterilizing endoscopic telescopes, the container comprises a first part and a second, elongated part joined to the first part. The first part is of relatively enlarged diameter (with respect to the elongated part). The first part may include an outwardly 5 projecting part having an open end that fits relatively snugly with the second, elongated part such that the outwardly projecting part of the first part overlaps with a part of the second elongated part. The overlapping parts may be joined together, eg, by welding (or by any other joining technique). In this fashion the overlapping parts may reinforce each other and provide greater strength to the elongated part of the 10 container. A part of the container may be provided with indicating means to indicate whether or not the container has been exposed to a sterilising environment. The indicating means may be a colour change portion that undergoes a colour change when exposed to the sterilising environment. The colour change may be caused by 15 exposure to elevated temperature or the sterilising gas. Preferably, the indicating means forms part of the vapour permeable closure. The container of the present invention provides a container for containing a piece of medical or surgical equipment during sterilization. The container protects the medical or surgical equipment from damage during sterilization. By closing the open 20 end of the container with the vapour permeable closure, sterilization of the medical or surgical equipment can be achieved and the medical or surgical equipment can be stored in sterile conditions inside the container following sterilization. The container may include indication means to indicate if the container has been sterilised. The indicator means is preferably a replaceable vapour permeable closure. 25 Moreover, the provision of a collapsible or deformable portion allows the equipment inside the container to be easily accessed during a surgical operation. In particular, in use in a surgical operation, the non-sterile nurse removes the closure and then collapses or deforms the collapsible or deformable portion of the container. Consequently, the sterile piece of medical or surgical equipment inside the container is 30 at least partially exposed and the sterile nurse can grasp the exposed part and remove the sterile equipment from the container. The container of the present invention WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 7 allows the sterilized equipment to be removed therefrom without the non-sterile nurse having to touch the sterile inner part of the container and the sterile equipment inside the container. The sterile nurse does not have to touch the non-sterile outer surface of the container. 5 The collapsible or deformable portion of the container is preferably made to collapse or deform in a concertina fashion. To this end, the collapsible or deformable portion may include a plurality of fold lines or lines of weakness extending around the container. It will be appreciated that the present invention also includes any other collapsible or deformable portion. For example, the container may include a portion 10 made from a pliant material or include a portion able to be folded back upon itself, or include a corrugated or fluted portion. The collapsible or deformable portion may comprise a portion of the container at or adjacent to the first end of the container which is adapted to fold downwardly upon the container. This action will move the first and second ends relatively closer together. 15 The container may be made from any material that is resistant to the conditions encountered in sterilization. The container is preferably made from suitable plastics material. Polyetheylene is particularly preferred. The container may be made in one piece or it may be made from two or more pieces joined together. Containers of varying size may be made to accommodate telescopes or other instruments of varying 20 size. The inside surface of the container is preferably hydrophobic or treated to be hydrophobic. The container may also be gamma-ray permeable to leave open the possibility of using in gamma-ray sterilization. In another aspect, the present invention provides a container for use in sterilizing an object, the container adapted to receive the object, the container having 25 an internal volume for receiving the object, and an opening through which the object can be inserted into the container, characterized in that the container is adapted to be separated into at least two parts to thereby expose the object. Preferably, the container has a first end and a second end and a portion of the container between the first end and the second end is adapted to be breakable to 30 thereby enable separation of the container into at least two parts. The breakable WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 8 portion may comprise one or more lines of weakness, or a portion made of a low breaking point material. The container is preferably provided with a closure means to close the opening in the container. The closure means is preferably a tamper proof or tamper-evident 5 closure. More preferably, the closure means cannot be removed from the container once it has been fitted thereto. If the closure means is removed, it should be apparent that the closure means has been removed, to thereby indicate that sterility has been compromised. The container preferably has a vapour permeable portion. The vapour 10 permeable portion may be part of the container, or it may be part or all of the closure. The vapour permeable portion may be as described with reference to the other aspects of the invention described herein. The closure means may be as described with reference to the other aspects of the present invention. 15 In this aspect of the invention, the container with an object inside is sterilized. After sterilization, use of the container in an operating theatre requires the non-sterile nurse to grasp the object in both hands and break the container into the at least two portions. The sterile nurse can then remove the object from the portion that still holds the object. 20 In all aspects of the present invention, the container may further comprise a sheet-like material adapted to drape over the object upon removal of the object from the container. The sheet-like material may be mounted to the inside of the container. Alternatively, the sheet-like material may be mounted to the closure means. The sheet-like material is preferably a sheet of gauze or other medical fabric. By draping 25 over the object as it is removed from the container, the sheet-like material provides a further barrier between the object and the non-sterile part of the container to further reduce the chance of compromising sterility. A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: 30 Figure 1 shows a perspective side view of a container in accordance with the present invention; WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 9 Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional side view of the container of Figure 1 with an endoscopic telescope positioned within the container; Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional side view of the apparatus of Figure 2 but showing how the endoscopic telescope is removed from the container; 5 Figure 4 shows an end view of one embodiment of a container in accordance with the present invention; Figure 5 shows a modification of the container of Figure 1 having pull rings to simplify collapse of the container; Figure 6 shows a container in accordance with another embodiment of the 10 present invention; Figure 7 shows a side view in cross-section of an elongated part of a container in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 shows a side view in cross-section of an enlarged part of a container in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; and 15 Figure 9 shows side view in cross-section of the container made from the parts of Figures 7 and 8. In Figure 9, an endoscopic telescope is also shown inside the container. The embodiment of the present invention shown in the attached figures is particularly useful in the sterilization of medical or surgical equipment by autoclaving 20 and for convenience the embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to autoclaving. However, it is to be understood that the present invention is equally applicable to use in other sterilization methods besides autoclaving and that the invention should not be considered to be limited solely to autoclaving. Furthermore, the embodiment shown in the attached figures relate to the sterilization of an 25 endoscopic telescope. Again, it will be appreciated that medical or surgical equipment other than endoscopic telescopes may be sterilized in accordance with the present invention and that it is not intended that the present invention be restricted to the sterilization of endoscopic telescopes. Turning now to consider Figure 1, a container 1 in accordance with the present 30 invention includes an elongate tubular portion 2, and an enlarged portion 3 at the proximal end of the container. The enlarged portion 3 includes an open end 4 defined WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 10 by a rim 5. The container also includes a second, closed end 6 that is located generally opposite the open end 4. The enlarged portion 3 includes a series of fold lines or lines of weakness 7, indicated in dashed outline. The fold lines or lines of weakness 7 allow the enlarged portion 3 to be collapsed upon itself in concertina like fashion, as 5 best shown in Figure 3. Turning now to consider Figure 2, which shows a cross-sectional view of the container of Figure 1 as filled with an endoscopic telescope, the container 1 of Figure 2 is shaped to receive an endoscopic telescope 8. The endoscopic telescope 8 includes an elongate portion 9 that extends into the elongate portion 2 of container 1. The 10 endoscopic telescope 8 also includes a proximal end 10 that includes a housing 11 for housing optical components and a clamping means 12. As can be clearly seen from Figure 2, the enlarged end 10 of the endoscopic telescope 8 fits inside the enlarged portion 3 of container 1. To assist in inserting the elongate portion 9 of endoscopic telescope 8 into the elongate portion 2 of endoscopic telescope 1, a tapered guide 13 is 15 fitted to the elongate part 2 of the container 1. The elongate part 2 of container 1 is also fitted with sponge holder 13 and sponge padding 14 to provide support for the end of the endoscopic telescope. After the endoscopic telescope 8 is inserted through the opening 4 in container 1, vapour permeable closure 15 is affixed to the opening to thereby close the opening 20 4. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the vapour permeable closure 15 comprises a paper or paper base material that is affixed to the container by adhesive 16 that contacts the rim 5 of the opening 4. Although Figure 2 shows the water vapour permeable closure 15 extending beyond the edges of the container, it will be appreciated that the vapour permeable closure 15 may sit flush with the edges of the 25 container. The vapour permeable closure is preferably water vapour permeable and is also preferably permeable to liquid water. In order to sterilize the endoscopic telescope, the container 1 having the endoscopic telescope 8 placed therein and vapour permeable closure 15 affixed thereto is placed inside an autoclave. Operation of the autoclave causes steam and possibly 30 water to pass through vapour permeable closure 15 and into the inner volume of container 1. This results in sterilization of the endoscopic telescope. At the end of the WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 11 autoclave cycle, the autoclave is turned off and is depressurised. Any water that has condensed inside container 1 can run out of the container and permeate through permeable closure 15. This leaves the inside of the container 1 substantially dry. In this regard, it will be noted that although lines of weakness or fold lines 7 are formed 5 in the enlarged portion of the container 1, in the uncollapsed state shown in Figures 1 and 2, the inside of the enlarged portion 3 of container 1 presents a substantially smooth surface that does not collect any condensed water. Once the container shown in Figure 2 is removed from the autoclave, it may be stored for future use. The inside of the container remains sterile because permeable 10 closure 15 prevents the entry of bacteria into the container. Moreover, the container 1 provides protection for the endoscopic telescope 8 against bumps and rough handling. When it is time to use the endoscopic telescope 8 in a surgical procedure, the container 1 containing endoscopic telescope 8 is transferred to the operating theatre. In the operating theatre, a non-sterile nurse picks up the container 1 and collapses or 15 deforms the enlarged portion 3 by pulling the enlarged portion 3 towards the closed end 6. It will be appreciated that the permeable closure 15 is either removed prior to deforming the enlarged portion 3 or is removed by the act of deforming the enlarged portion 3. As best shown in Figure 3, deforming the enlarged portion 3 by urging it towards the second, closed end 6 causes the open end 4 to move relatively towards the 20 second, closed end 6. The enlarged portion 3 collapses or deforms in a concertina like manner around fold lines or lines of weakness 7. This has the effect of exposing enlarged end 10 of endoscopic telescope 8 from the open end 4 of container 1. A sterile nurse can then grasp the end 10 of endoscopic telescope 8 and withdraw the endoscopic telescope 8 from the container 1. As the end 10 of endoscopic telescope 8 25 is sterile, the sterile nurse does not compromise the sterile field in the operating theatre by this operation. Once the endoscopic container 8 has been removed from the container 1, the container may either be washed ready for resterilization or simply discarded. The container 1 may have any suitable profile. In one embodiment, best shown 30 in Figure 4, the enlarged portion 3 of container 1 has a generally square or rectangular profile, with the rim 5 of open end 4 defining that particular profile. The advantage of WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 12 the profile shown in Figure 4 is that the container 1 is then stackable on other similar containers for ease of storage. However, it will be appreciated that any other profile for the container may be used. In order to improve the operation of collapsing the enlarged portion 3 of the 5 container 1, as best shown with reference to Figure 3, the enlarged portion 3 of container 1 may be provided with ring pulls 17, 18 for grasping by the non-sterile nurse. This is best shown in Figure 5. Alternatively, pull tabs may be provided. The container 1 shown in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrally formed as a single unit. Alternatively, the container 1 may be formed from 10 two or more parts that are joined together. For example, the elongate portion 2 of container 1 may comprise an extruded tube. Closed end 6 may be attached to one end of the extruded tube, for example, by ultrasonic welding or by use of a suitable water tight adhesive. Similarly, enlarged portion 3 may be attached to the other end of extruded portion 2, again by ultrasonic welding or by use of a suitable adhesive. 15 Turning now to figure 6, the container 20 comprises an elongated barrel 21 and an enlarged end portion 22. Enlarged end portion 22 has an open end that is adapted to be closed by screw cap 23. Screw cap 23 has a peel paper seal 24 adhered thereto. The peel paper seal 24 closes an opening in screw cap 23. Although not shown in figure 6, screw cap 23 crews on to a threaded portion formed on the end of container 20 20. The screw cap 23 is also provided with a tamper proof or tamper evident seal 25. This seal may be similar to those found on bottles of fruit juice. The tamper proof or tamper evident seal provides a further level of security to the medical staff that the contents of the container are sterile and have not been opened following sterilisation. The peel paper seal also may include a colour change portion that changes 25 colour, preferably irreversibly, under sterilising conditions. This portion gives an indication to the medical staff as to whether the contents of the container have been sterilised. The enlarged end portion 22 also includes finger indentations 26, 27 that are designed to assist in grasping and using the container. 30 The second end 28 of the container has an opening formed therein and a paper seal 29 is applied over that opening. The paper seal 29 allows air to permeate WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 13 therethrough and this then permits drying of any water that may have condensed inside the container during sterilization. The container 20 shown in figure 6 is also provided with corrugations 30 that allow the pull back exposure of the telescope. Corrugations 30 are provided in the 5 barrel of the container. In particular, the container can be collapsed by moving the ends of the container towards each other, which thereby causes the corrugations to collapse upon themselves. The container 20 shown in figure 6 is preferably made from polyetheylene, which is a heat resistant plastic. However, any other heat resistant material may be 10 used as the material of construction for the container. The screw cap 23 may be made of nylon or polycarbonate to enhance adhesion of the peel paper seal 24 to the screw cap. The peel paper seal applied to the screw cap may have printing thereon to advise users of the contents of the container and also to include information such as the date the contents were sterilized, the sterilizing conditions and the operator who performed 15 the sterilization procedure. Turning now to the embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 7 to 9, the container 30 comprises a first part 31 (best shown in Figure 8) and a second part 32 (best shown in Figure7). The first part 31 includes a portion of enlarged diameter 33 and an outwardly extending projecting part 34 of relatively small diameter. The 20 first part 31 has a large opening 35 through which an endoscopic telescope can be inserted and a small opening 36 in a generally opposed end thereof. The barrel portion of an endoscopic telescope can extend through opening 36. The first part 31 is preferably made from a plastics material. Suitably, first part 31 is made by blow molding or injection molding. 25 The elongated portion 34 of the first part 31 may suitably comprise a relatively thin walled section of little strength. This allows the elongated section 34 to be readily deformed in use. The first part 31 may also be provided with an outwardly extending ridge 37, which ridge facilitates the fitment of a cap or lid over the opening 35. 30 The second part 32, best shown in Figure 7, comprises a closed end 38, an elongated hollow portion 39 and an open end 40. Open end 40 has a flange 41 WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 14 projecting radially outwardly therefrom. The second part 32 includes a corrugated portion 42 which allows the closed end 38 to be displaced relatively towards the open end 40. In order to produce the final container 30, as shown in Figure 9, the elongated 5 part 34 of the first part 31 is inserted into the hollow elongated part 39 of the second part 32. The flange 41 of the second part 32 then comes into abutment with wall portion 33. The first part 31 is then joined to the second part 32 by ultrasonically welding the flange 41 to the wall portion 43. Second part 32 is suitably made from a rigid plastics material and second part 32 may be made by blow molding or injection 10 molding. Second part 32 provides a degree of strength and reinforcement to elongated part 34 of first part 31. In use of the container 30 shown in Figure 9, and endoscopic telescope 45 having an elongated barrel 46 is inserted through large opening 35. As can be seen from Figure 9, the length of the container 30 is slightly longer than the length of the 15 endoscopic telescope 45. Once the endoscopic telescope 45 has been inserted into container 30, a lid or cap 46 having a vapour permeable part 47 is affixed to the container 30. Lid or cap 46 is arranged such that it cannot be removed from the container 30 or, if it is removed, it is evident that the container 30 has been tampered with. 20 Lid 46 suitably comprises an annular part 48 having a flange 49 depending therefrom. Flange 49 has fixing means for fixing the lid to the complementary shaped lugs 37 on container 30. The vapour permeable part 47 of lid 46 suitably comprises a vapour permeable paper that is joined to the annular part 48 of the lid or cap 46. Once the lid 46 has been placed on the container 30, the container 30 is placed into a 25 sterilizing environment, for example into an autoclave or into a gas sterilizer that uses ethylene oxide or a STERAD ( a proprietary gas sterilizing system marketed by Johnson & Johnson). The vapour permeates through the vapour permeable portion 47 of lid 46 to thereby sterilize the endoscopic telescope located inside the container 30. Once the sterilizing cycle has been completed, the container 30 is removed from the 30 sterilizing apparatus and placed into storage until the endoscopic telescope 45 is required for use. As can be seen from Figure 9, the container fully surrounds the WO 00/69476 PCT/AUO0/00459 15 sterilized endoscopic telescope and seals the endoscopic telescope 45 from the outside environment. Accordingly, the endoscopic telescope remains in a sterile condition whilst it is in the container 30. When it comes time to use the endoscopic telescope, it is taken to the operating room. There, the non-sterile nurse holds the container 30 in 5 both hands, with one hand being on first part 31 and the other hand being on second part 32. The non-sterile nurse pushes the closed end 38 towards the first part 31. This results in the corrugated portion 42 collapsing upon itself and the closed end 38 moving relatively towards the first part 31. The closed end 38 then comes into contact with the end of the barrel 46 of the endoscopic telescope 45. This pushes the 10 endoscopic telescope 45 to the right (as shown in Figure 9) and as a result the endoscopic telescope 45 breaks through the vapour permeable section 47 of lid 46. Once the endoscopic telescope 45 has been exposed, a sterile nurse grasps the end 50 of the endoscopic telescope and fully withdraws the endoscopic telescope 45 from the container 30. Container 30 may then be discarded. 15 The cap 46 may be used to record information for hospital or surgical use, including sterilization information (eg date and conditions), patient information etc. Where the cap includes the facility for recording patient information, the vapour permeable part 47 of cap 46 may be removed from the container and placed on the patient's chart. 20 The vapour permeable part 47 is most preferably a peel-paper that is applied to the annular part 46 of the cap 45. Although the embodiment described with reference to Figures 7 to 9 shows the first part 31 and second part 32 connected to each other by welding, it will be apparent that any other joining technique may also be used. For example, an adhesive or 25 adhesive tape may be used. The first and second parts may suitably be made from polyethylene, polypropylene or other suitable plastics material. The walls of the container 30 may be at least partially translucent or transparent in order to enable visual inspection of the contents of the container. Alternatively, the contents of the container may be written 30 on the peel-paper 47.

WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 16 In a modified method of using the apparatus shown in Figures 7 to 9, the endoscopic telescope 45 may be placed in the first part 31 prior to joining the first part 31 and second part 32 together. The distal end of endoscopic telescope 45 may protrude beyond open end 36 of first part 31. Lid 46 would then be fitted. The second 5 part 32 would be placed over the outwardly projecting part 34 of first part 31 to thereby fully enclose the telescope 45 inside the container 30 and the first and second parts 31, 32 would then be joined together, eg, by welding, by adhesive, by tape, etc. The container of the present invention may be made in a number of different lengths to suit different types of telescopes for sterilization. It will also be appreciated 10 that although figures 1 to 6 show the invention used in conjunction with the sterilization of endoscopic telescopes, the invention may be extended to cover the sterilization of a number of different types of medical apparatus. It will be appreciated that the invention described herein is susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It is to be 15 understood that the invention encompasses all such variations and modifications that fall within its spirit and scope.

Claims (37)

1. A container for use in sterilizing an object, the container adapted to receive the object, the container having a first end having an opening to allow 5 positioning of the object in the container, a second end located generally opposite the first end and wherein at least a portion of the container is adapted to be collapsed or deformed whereby the first end and the second end are moved relatively towards each other. 10

2. A container as claimed in claim 1 further comprising closure means for closing the opening in the first end, said closure means including a vapour permeable portion.

3. A container as claimed in claim 2 wherein the closure means comprises a 15 vapour permeable closure for affixing to a rim of the opening.

4. A container as claimed in claim 3 wherein the vapour permeable closure comprises a peel paper or a vapour permeable membrane. 20

5. A container as claimed in claim 2 wherein the closure means comprises a lid or cap having a vapour permeable portion.

6. A container as claimed in claim 5 wherein the lid or cap comprises an annular member having a flange depending therefrom, said flange having 25 interengaging means for engaging with corresponding interengaging means on the container to thereby hold the lid or cap on the container, and a vapour permeable member spanning an opening in the annular member.

7. A container as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6 wherein the lid or cap is a 30 tamper-proof or tamper-evident lid or cap. WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 18

8. A container as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the collapsible or deformable portion comprises a fluted or corrugated portion.

9. A container as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the 5 container is relatively enlarged at the first end.

10. A container as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the second end of the container comprises a closed end. 10

11. A container as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the second end is closed by a vapour permeable means.

12. A container as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the collapsible or deformable portion is produced from a relatively rigid 15 material.

13. A container as claimed in any one the preceding claims comprising a first portion and a second portion joined together to form the container. 20

14. A container as claimed in claim 13 wherein the first portion includes the deformable or collapsible portion.

15. A container as claimed in claim 13 wherein the second portion includes the deformable or collapsible portion. 25

16. A container as claimed in claim 13 wherein the first portion and the second portion each contain a deformable or collapsible portion.

17. A container as claimed in any one of the preceding claims for use in 30 sterilizing an endoscopic telescope comprising an elongated part for WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 19 receiving a barrel of an endoscopic telescope and an enlarged part depending from the elongated part.

18. A container as claimed in claim 17 wherein the elongated part includes the 5 collapsible or deformed portion.

19. A container as claimed in claim 17 or claim 18 comprising a first part and a second, elongated part joined to the first part, the first part being of relatively enlarged diameter with respect to the elongated part. 10

20. A container as claimed in claim 19 wherein the first part includes an outwardly projecting part that fits relatively snugly with the second, elongated part such that the outwardly projecting part of the first part overlaps with at least some of the second, elongated part. 15

21. A container as claimed in claim 20 wherein the second part has an open end for receiving the outwardly extending part of the first part and a closed end, said closed end comprising the second end of the container. 20

22. A container as claimed in claim 20 or claim 21 wherein the first part has an open end in the outwardly extending part through which a barrel of an endoscopic telescope can pass and a large opening in the enlarged diameter portion. 25

23. A container for use in sterilizing an object, the container adapted to receive the object, the container having an internal volume for receiving the object and an opening through which the object can be inserted into the container, characterized in that the container is adapted to be separated into at least two parts to thereby expose the object. 30 WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 20

24. A container as claimed in claim 23 in which the container has a first end and a second end and a portion of the container between the first and second ends is adapted to be breakable to thereby enable separation of the container into at least two parts. 5

25. A container as claimed in claim 24 wherein the breakable portion comprises one or more lines of weaknesses or a portion made of a low-breaking point material. 10

26. A container as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 25 wherein the container is provided with a closure means.

27. A container as claimed in claim 26 wherein the closure means is a tamper proof or tamper evident closure 15

28. A container as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 26 wherein the container has a vapour permeable portion.

29. A container as claimed in claim 26 or 27 wherein the closure means includes 20 a vapour permeable portion.

30. A container as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a sheet-like material adapted to drape over the object upon removal of the object. 25

31. A container as claimed in claim 30 wherein the sheet-like material is mounted to the inside of the container.

32. A container as claimed in claim 30 wherein the sheet-like material is 30 mounted to a closure means. WO 00/69476 PCT/AUOO/00459 21

33. A container as claimed in any one of claims 30 to 32 wherein the sheet-like material is a sheet of gauze or other medical fabric.

34. A container as claimed in claim 1 wherein the deformable or collapsible 5 portion comprises a portion of the container at or adjacent to the first end of the container which is adapted to fold downwardly upon the container.

35. A method for sterilizing an object comprising placing the object into a container, the container having an opening through which the object is 10 inserted, the container having at least a portion which is adapted to be deformed or collapsed, closing the opening with a vapour permeable closure and placing the container in a sterilizing environment for sufficient time to sterilize the object. 15

36. A method as claimed in claim 35 using a container as claimed in any one of claims I to 33.

37. A method as claimed in claim 35 or claim 36 wherein the object is removed from the container by collapsing or deforming the collapsible or deformable 20 portion to thereby reduce an inner volume of the container and force the object to break open the vapour permeable closure and extend at least partly out of the container.