AU2022200619A1 - Fall arrest anchor installation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A fall arrest anchor installation apparatus for a roof is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a projectile comprising a resiliently deformable projectile body, wherein an outer surface of the projectile body comprises at least one rounded portion. The apparatus further comprises a line connected to the projectile body at a first end of the line. The apparatus further comprises a bag arranged to be coupled to the line at or towards a second end of the line, the bag defining a closable opening to permit access to an inner portion of the bag, wherein the inner portion of the bag is configured to receive at least part of a fall arrest lifeline. The resiliently deformable projectile body and the bag are both configured to absorb energy of an impact with the roof; and the at least one rounded portion is configured to allow the projectile to roll along the roof. 11/1 100102 110 1309 108 10 104 Fig.1

Description

11/1

100102 110

1309

108 10

104

Fig.1

"Fall arrest anchor installation apparatus"

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to apparatuses, methods, kits, and devices for installing fall arrest anchors. Embodiments disclosed herein may also be used for removing fall arrest anchors.

Background

[0002] In construction, engineering, or similar industrial sectors, workers may be required to work on elevated worksites. The elevated worksite may be a roof or platform that is raised above the ground. Workplace safety laws may mandate fall protection or prevention systems on elevated worksites above certain heights (for example, more than 2 metres above the ground).

[0003] Some elevated worksites have fall protection barriers installed to prevent workers from falling off the roof or platform. However, a fall arrest device may need to be worn during installation of these barriers. Where such barriers are not installed, workplace safety laws may require workers to wear a fall arrest device or fall restraint.

[0004] The fall arrest device typically comprises a harness which is worn by the worker, and a lifeline connected to the harness. The other end of the lifeline is directly attached to an anchor point. The lifeline restricts the distance that the worker may move from the anchor point. The fall arrest device may also include a fall arrest connector such as a type of lanyard (ie. energy absorbing or self retracting lanyard) and/or shock absorber between the lifeline and the harness to control the forces transferred to the harness when the worker falls and activates the fall arrest device.

[0005] The workers are initially unrestrained when installing the fall arrest anchor points, as there is no anchor point to connect their lifeline to in the first place.

Installation of the fall arrest anchor points while unrestrained exposes the workers to risk of falling from the elevated worksite, which may result in serious injury or death.

[0006] Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles or the like which has been included in the present specification is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present disclosure as it existed before the priority date of each of the appended claims.

Summary

[0007] Some embodiments relate to a fall arrest anchor installation apparatus for a roof, the apparatus comprising: a projectile comprising a resiliently deformable projectile body, wherein an outer surface of the projectile body comprises at least one rounded portion; a line connected to the projectile body at a first end of the line; a bag arranged to be coupled to the line at or towards a second end of the line, the bag defining a closable opening to permit access to an inner portion of the bag, wherein the inner portion of the bag is configured to receive at least part of a fall arrest lifeline; wherein the resiliently deformable projectile body and the bag are both configured to absorb energy of an impact with the roof; and wherein the at least one rounded portion is configured to allow the projectile to roll along the roof.

[0008] Some embodiments relate to a fall arrest anchor installation kit, comprising: a projectile comprising a resiliently deformable projectile body, wherein an outer surface of the projectile body comprises at least one rounded portion; a line configured to be connected to the projectile body at a first end of the line; wherein the resiliently deformable projectile body is configured to absorb energy of an impact with a roof; and wherein the at least one rounded portion is configured to allow the projectile to roll along the roof.

[0009] The kit may further comprise a bag arranged to be coupled to the line at or towards a second end of the line, the bag defining a closable opening to permit access to an inner portion of the bag, wherein the inner portion of the bag is configured to receive at least part of a fall arrest lifeline. The bag may be resiliently deformable and may be configured to absorb energy of an impact with the roof.

[0010] The bag may comprise a padded portion. The padded portion may be resiliently deformable and may comprise a non-elastic material. The bag may comprise an external portion, wherein the external portion of the bag comprises a smooth surface.

[0011] The closable opening of the bag may comprise aVelcro fastener, a snap fastener, or a zip fastener. The closable opening may extend along a perimeter of the bag and when unsealed, the bag can be opened to an unfolded state exposing the inner portion of the bag.

[0012] The apparatus or kit may further comprise a removable connector, wherein the bag is connected to the line via the removable connector. The bag may define an aperture bounded by a grommet. The removable connector may be connected to the grommet.

[0013] The line connected to or configured to be connected to the projectile body may have a length of at least 15 metres. The projectile body may comprise a coupling portion, and wherein the line may be connected to the coupling portion via a coupler.

[0014] The coupling portion may define an opening, and the coupler may comprise: (i) a plug and a flange; or (ii) a hollow shaft; inserted into the opening. The coupler may comprise a strap connected to the projectile.

[0015] The projectile body may comprise a soft material or an elastic material. The projectile body may comprise an inner layer formed of a first material, and an outer layer formed of a second material. The first and second materials may have different dampening properties. Alternatively, the first and second materials may have substantially similar dampening properties.

[0016] The projectile body may have a spherical shape. Alternatively, the projectile body may have a prolate spherical shape.

[0017] Some embodiments relate to a method of installing a fall arrest anchor on a ridge portion of a roof using the fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit as described above, the method comprising: installing a first anchor point on a lower portion of the roof at a first side of the roof, and connecting a first lifeline to the first anchor point; connecting the apparatus line to the first lifeline; from a height below the roof, launching the projectile from the first side of the roof, over and towards an opposite second side of the roof; from the second side of the roof, retrieving the projectile and pulling the line across the roof until the first lifeline spans the first and second sides of the roof; from the second side of the roof, removing slack from the first lifeline; connecting a harness to the first lifeline and climbing the roof from the second side of the roof; and installing a second anchor point to the ridge portion of the roof while connected to the first lifeline.

[0018] Throughout this specification the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0019] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an elevated worksite, showing a worker installing a fall arrest system on a roof;

[0020] Figs. 2A and 2B show the use of an apparatus for installing a fall arrest anchor, according to some embodiments;

[0021] Fig. 3A shows a first embodiment of a bag for use with the apparatus of Figs. 2A and 2B, according to some embodiments. The bag is shown in an opened configuration;

[0022] Fig. 3B shows the bag of Fig. 3A in a closed configuration;

[0023] Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a bag connected to the apparatus of Figs. 2A and 2B, the apparatus comprising a removable connector according to some embodiments;

[0024] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the apparatus of Figs. 2A and 2B, according to some embodiments;

[0025] Fig. 6 is a partial cross section view of the apparatus of Fig. 5, according to some embodiments;

[0026] Fig. 7 is a partial cross section view of the apparatus of Fig. 5, according to other embodiments;

[0027] Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the apparatus of Figs. 2A and 2B, according to further embodiments;

[0028] Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an assembled kit comprising the apparatus of Figs. 2A and 2B, and the bag of Fig. 4, according to some embodiments; and

[0029] Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a slingshot to be used with the kit of Fig. 9, according to some embodiments.

Detailed Description

[0030] The present disclosure relates to apparatuses, methods, kits, and devices for installing fall arrest anchors. Embodiments disclosed herein may also be used for removing fall arrest anchors.

[0031] Safe Work Australia categorises construction work as high risk construction work when there is a risk of falling more than two meters. Safe Work states that whenever work is required to take place on an elevated worksite such as a rooftop, it is necessary to "eliminate or minimise risks to health and safety so far as reasonably practicable even if the roof work only takes a few minutes". Furthermore, "the risk of falls must be managed using the most effective control measures that are reasonably practicable, in accordance with the hierarchy of controls".

[0032] The hierarchy of controls include providing Fall Prevention Devices and/or providing Work Positioning Systems (a tensioned tether that limits falling distance). When neither are available, the hierarchy of controls requires providing workers with Fall Arrest Systems - including harness, lifelines, fall arrest connectors and anchor points.

[0033] Although these measures are specific to Safe Work Australia, it is understood that many other jurisdictions and companies have similar requirements in place.

[0034] Fig. 1 shows an example of a worker on an elevated worksite, such as a roof 100. For example, the worker may be conducting roof repairs or installing solar panels. The worker climbs onto the roof using a ladder and moves to the ridge or peak 102 of the roof 100 to install a fall arrest anchor 110. The worker can then attach lifeline 120 to the anchor 110. Anchor points must be placed directly above the worker being harnessed so that if the worker falls, fall distance is reduced and the worker is safely suspended above the ground while also avoiding the potential to pendulum. For ease of reference, the roof 100 has a first side 104, an opposite second side 106, and opposed ends 108, 109.

[0035] The lifeline 120 may comprise a link 130 (refer also to Fig. 3A) at a first end of the lifeline 120. The link 130 may be configured to attach the first end of the lifeline 120 to the anchor point 110. At least one rope grab 140 (refer also to Fig. 3A) may be slidably attached to the lifeline 120. The rope grab 140 may be prevented from sliding off the other end of the lifeline 120 by a knot 132 at the other end of the lifeline 120. The worker's harness is connected to the rope grab 140 to allow the worker to move along the length of the lifeline 120 while remaining secured to the anchor point 110.

[0036] Until the fall arrest anchor 110 is installed, it is not possible for the worker to be safely secured or tethered to the anchor point 110 while on the roof 100. Accordingly, there is a period where the worker is working at heights without fall protection, and is at risk of falling off the roof 100 and sustaining a serious injury. For example, the roof 100 may be slippery, or have an uneven surface which may cause the worker to trip. The risk of falling off the roof 100 may also be increased if the worker is unbalanced while handling equipment and tools for the work to be performed.

[0037] Once the worker has completed their work on the roof 100, they need to remove the fall arrest anchor 110. The removal/dismantling process happens in reverse to the installation process, and the worker is again unsecured once the fall arrest anchor 110 is removed.

[0038] Figs. 2A and 2B show an embodiment of a fall arrest anchor installation apparatus 200 in use. Embodiments of the apparatus 200 enable a worker to install the fall arrest anchor 110 on an elevated worksite 100 without the risk of working at heights while unrestrained.

[0039] The apparatus 200 comprises a projectile 210 and aline 220 connected to the projectile 210. The line 220 is connected to the projectile 210 at a head end 222, and comprises a trailing end 224 which is distal to the head end 222. The line 220 may be a rope, wire, cord, or cable.

[0040] The apparatus 200 works in conjunction with two of the fall arrest anchor 110, and two of the lifeline 120, as will be subsequently described with reference to Figs. 2A and 2B. The first one of the fall arrest anchor 110 is henceforth referred to as the first fall arrest anchor 110A (or "installation anchor"), while the second one of the fall arrest anchor 110 is henceforth referred to as the second fall arrest anchor 1OB (or "working anchor"). Similarly, the first one of the lifeline 120 is henceforth referred to as the first lifeline 120A (or "installation lifeline"), while the second one of the lifeline 120 is henceforth referred to as the second lifeline 120B (or "working lifeline"). Unless otherwise described, each of the fall arrest anchors 11OA, 11OB and each of the lifelines 120A, 120B are respectively functionally identical to (and comprise the same parts as) the fall arrest anchor 110 and the lifeline 120. For example, the first lifeline 120A has link 130A and knot 132A which stops rope grab(s) 140A from sliding off the end of the lifeline 120A. Similarly, the second lifeline 120B has link 130B and knot 132B which stops rope grab(s) 140B from sliding off the end of the lifeline 120B.

[0041] Referring now to Fig. 2A, the worker climbs a ladder at the first side 104 of the roof 100. The worker installs the first fall arrest anchor (installation anchor) 11OA at a lower point of the roof 100. The worker connects the first lifeline (installation lifeline) 120A to the first fall arrest anchor 11OA (using the link 130A), and climbs back down the ladder. At ground level, the worker connects the line 220 to the installation lifeline 120A. Standing safely on ground level, the worker launches (such as by throwing) the projectile 210 over the roof 100. As the projectile 210 travels over the roof 100, the line 220 is pulled along with it. The line 220 may be long enough to span the entire width of the roof 100.

[0042] The projectile 210 may comprise rounded portions so that if the projectile 210 lands on the roof 100, the projectile 210 is able to roll down the roof 100 and fall to the ground. The projectile 210 maybe a sphere orprolate spheroid (rugby ball shape), for example. The projectile 210 may be shaped to minimise air resistance as it moves through the air.

[0043] Turning now to Fig. 2B, the worker retrieves the projectile 210 from ground level on the second (other) side 106 of the roof 100, and pulls the line 220. The installation lifeline 120A is thereby dragged up, along, and over to the second side 106 of the roof 100 without the worker having to stand or walk along the roof 100 without fall protection. The line 220 may be disconnected from the installation lifeline 120A.

[0044] From ground level on the second side 106 of the roof 100, the worker pulls taut the installation lifeline 120A, wears their harness, and connects their harness to the installation lifeline 120A via the rope grab 140A. The worker then climbs up the ladder and up towards the ridge/peak of the roof 100 while being connected to the installation lifeline 120A. When the worker is at the crest of the roof 100, the worker installs the second fall arrest anchor (working anchor) 1OB at/near the ridge. The worker can then install the second lifeline (working lifeline) 120B to the working anchor 11B. The worker can install further working anchors and working lifelines along the roof ridge if required.

[0045] If the worker were to fall while installing the working anchor 110B, the worker would be prevented from falling off the roof 100 because their harness is connected to the installation lifeline 120A (which is connected to the installation anchor 110A). In the event of a fall, the rope grab 140A would automatically apply a braking force to the installation lifeline 120A. The worker's harness is connected to the lifelines 120A, 120B via a harness connection such as a clip or karabiner or a fall arrest connector such as a type of lanyard and/or shock absorber.

[0046] Once the working anchor 110B is installed, the worker can descend to ground level and connect their harness to the working lifeline 120B. Alternatively, if the worker has a second clip or karabiner, they can connect their harness, either directly or via a fall arrest connector (e.g. a lanyard 134), by connecting the second clip or karabiner to the rope grab 140B on the working lifeline 120B, and then disconnect the first clip or karabiner from the rope grab 140A on the installation lifeline 120A. This saves the worker from having to descend to ground level to transfer harness connections. The installation lifeline 120A should be left in position to facilitate safe removal of the working anchor 1OB once the roof work is completed.

[0047] The worker should perform their work on the roof while directly connected to the working anchor 11OB (or indirectly connected thereto via the working lifeline 120B). If the worker were to remain connected to the installation anchor 110A, any fall towards the first side 104 of the roof 100 (i.e. a fall towards the installation anchor 110A) would not be stopped. Furthermore, if the installation lifeline 120A were to swing, the worker may fall off the ends 108, 109 of the roof 100.

[0048] In some embodiments, the apparatus 200 further comprises a bag 300. The bag 300 may be of various resealable configurations, such as an "envelope" 301 shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, or a "pouch" 400 as shown in Fig. 4. The bag 300 is sized to contain at least part of the lifeline 120A. The bag 300 is configured to be coupled to the line 220. The bag 300 may be arranged to be coupled to the line 220 at or towards its trailing end 224. For example, the bag 300 may be connected to or engaged by the line 220 by tying a knot or attaching via a clip. In this way, when the projectile 210 is thrown over the roof 100, pulling the line 220 brings the bag 300 (and the other end of the lifeline 120A) over to the second side 106 of the roof 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, the bag 300 is large enough to contain or house the link 130 and/or the rope grab(s) 140. The exterior of the bag 300 may have a uniform or smooth surface. Enclosing these components in the bag 300 reduces the risk of snagging or inadvertent connection to the link 130 and the rope grab(s) 140. This is particularly useful when the bag 300 is being pulled over to the second side 106 of the roof 100. Enclosing these components in the bag 300 may reduce the risk of damaging the roof 100.

[0050] The bag 300 may be made from a heavy duty fabric which is resistant to tearing and abrasion. Such fabrics may be nylon or polyester based fabrics. In some embodiments, the bag 300 is made from a ripstop fabric. The bag 300 may be made from a 600 denier fabric. The bag 300 may have maximum dimensions of around cm by 40cm.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as shown in Fig. 4, the bag 300 is a pouch or pocket 400 comprising a single opening along one side of the bag 300. The opening may be sealed by a Velcro closure. The opening may be covered by a folded flap. In some embodiments, such as shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, the bag 300 may be an envelope or sleeve 301 that is openable along multiple sides to facilitate access to its contents.

[0052] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3A, the envelope 301 is shown in a fully opened configuration. The envelope 301 is configured to be folded along the dotted reference line 302. The envelope 301 may be opened and closed like a book, wherein the dotted reference line 302 is analogous to the spine of the book. The dotted reference line 302 notionally divides the envelope 301 into two sections, such as two halves 304, 306.

[0053] The envelope 301 may comprise a perimeter portion 308. In some embodiments, the envelope 301 is a padded bag comprising a padded portion 310. The padded portion 310 maybe surrounded by the perimeter portion 308. Theperimeter portion 308 may be unpadded. In some embodiments, the perimeter portion 308 is padded in the same way as the padded portion 310.

[0054] The padded portion 310 may comprise a bladder in which a compressible fluid (such as air) is contained. The padding in the padded portion 310 may be resiliently deformable, such as a foam material. In some embodiments, the padding is not an elastic material. This is to reduce the likelihood of the envelope 301 bouncing across the surface the roof 100, which may damage the roof 100 and/or divert the envelope 301 in an unintended direction. The padding may be 5 to 20 millimetres thick. In some embodiments, the padding is 3 to 10 millimetres thick.

[0055] When the envelope 301 is closed and contains the link 130 and/or the rope grab(s) 140, the padded portion 310 provides cushioning so that the effect of any impact is reduced. For example, the envelope 301 may be thrown over the roof 100, or the envelope 301 may fall off the roof 100, and thus the padded portion 310 is configured to absorb or dampen the energy of the impact to reduce damage to the roof 100 and/or to the link 130 and the rope grab(s) 140 contained within the envelope 301.

[0056] The envelope 301 defines an opening 320 that is openable and closable to control access to an inner portion 330 of the envelope 301. The opening 320 may comprise a zip, a button, a snap fit fastener, a press fit fastener, and/or a Velcro fastener.

[0057] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3A, the opening 320 is opened and closed using a Velcro fastener. The Velcro fastener 320 is disposed along the perimeter portion 308 of the envelope 301, with the hook portion 322 of the Velcro fastener 320 on one of the sections 304, 306 and the loop portion 324 of the Velcro fastener 320 on the other one of the sections 304, 306. In this way, when the sections 304, 306 are brought together, the hook and loop portions 322, 324 of the Velcro fastener 320 engage to close the envelope 301 along at least a substantial portion of its perimeter portion 308. Part of the envelope 301 may remain open to allow the lifeline 120A to extend out of the envelope 301 (while the link 130A and the rope grab(s) 140A are contained in the inner portion 330 of the envelope 301, such as shown in Fig. 3B.

[0058] The envelope 301 may define an aperture 332. The aperture 332 may be bounded by a grommet 340. The aperture 332 and grommet 340 may be disposed in the perimeter portion 308. The aperture 332 is configured to allow the line 220 to be attached to the envelope 301. The grommet 340 provides a smooth surface which protects the edges of the aperture 332 (or the surface of the line 220) from wear. The line 220 may be attached to the envelope 301 by tying its trailing end 224 to the grommet 340, or by tying trailing end 224 to a removable connector 350. The removable connector 350 may comprise a karabiner 352, a clip 354 (refer Fig. 4), or similar device such as a key ring. The envelope 301 may be hung on a hook when not in use, hung directly via the grommet 340 or via the removable connector 350. In some embodiments, the envelope 301 comprises a plurality of the grommet 340 to allow multiple attachment or hanging points. The plurality of grommets 340 may be disposed so that when the bag sections 304, 306 are brought together, at least two of the grommets 340 are aligned, such as shown in Fig. 3B.

[0059] Fig. 3B shows the envelope 301 in a closed configuration, with the link 130A and the rope grab(s) 140A enclosed in the envelope 301 and shown in phantom for context. As shown, the removable connector 350 (shown as the karabiner 352) is passed through the grommets 340 to hang the envelope 301 or for connecting to the line 220.

[0060] Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the bag 300 which is configured as a pouch 400. The pouch 400 comprises a sealed edge portion 402 which connects afirst sheet 404 and a second sheet 406 to each other, for example along a respective perimeter portion 408 of each of the sheets 404, 406. The sheets 404, 406 may be separate pieces of material that are joined. In some embodiments, the first and second sheets 404, 406 are two sections of one piece of material (such as in Fig. 3A), wherein the material is folded on itself and sealed along part of the perimeter 408. The pouch 400 may comprise a padded portion 410 similar in form and function to the padded portion 310. The padded portion 410 may be present on both the first and second sheets 404, 406.

[0061] The sealed edge portion 402 extends substantially (but not entirely) along the respective perimeter portions 408 of the first and second sheets 404, 406 so that the remaining unsealed perimeter portions define an opening 420. The opening 420 permits access to the inner portion 430 of the pouch 400. The inner portion 430 is configured to receive the link 130A and the rope grab(s) 140A, while the lifeline 120A extends out through the opening 420. The opening 420 may be sealed by a Velcro closure, or other similar resealable fastener. The opening 420 may be sealed around the portion of the lifeline 120A extending therethrough, so that the link 130A and the rope grab(s) 140A remain contained inside the pouch 400.

[0062] The pouch 400 may define an aperture 432, similar to the aperture 332 for the envelope 301. In some embodiments, the pouch 400 further comprises a grommet 440 bounding the aperture 432, in a similar manner to the grommet 340 and the aperture 332. The grommet 440 is similarly adapted to receive the removable connector 350. The removable connector 350 is shown as the clip 354, and attaches the line 220 to a bag 400.

[0063] The grommet 440 may be in a different position to the position of the grommets 340 as shown in Figs. 3A and 3B. In the embodiment of the bag 300 shown in Fig. 4, the grommets 440 are disposed towards the centre of each section 304, 306, whereas in Figs. 3A and 3B the grommets 340 are disposed towards the corners of each section 304, 306. Different positioning of the grommets 340, 440 may be selected depending on the size and weight distribution of the bag 300 and its contents. Fig. 4 shows the link 130A and the rope grab(s) 140A enclosed in the bag 300 and shown in phantom for context.

[0064] Fig. 5 shows the apparatus 200 in more detail. In some embodiments, the projectile 210 comprises a projectile body 500 which comprises a coupling portion 510. The coupling portion 510 provides a location for the line 220 to be connected to the projectile body 500. The coupling portion 510 maybe embedded or recessed into the projectile body 500. The coupling portion 510 may define an opening 512. The coupling portion 510 may comprise an eyelet 514 which surrounds the opening 512. The opening 512 is configured to allow the line 220 to be attached to the projectile 210, while the eyelet 514 provides a smooth surface which protects the edges of the opening 512 (or the surface of the line 220) from wear.

[0065] The line 220 is preferably made from a material with a high strength-to-weight ratio. The line 220 may be water resistant and abrasion resistant. A polyamide material may be used. The diameter of the line 220 may be as low as 1mm and as high as 5mm. The line 220 may be 2mm, 3mm, or 4mm in diameter. For a given material, a thinner line will likely be quicker to wear out than a thicker line, however the thinner line will be lighter and therefore easier to propel from one side of the roof 100 to the other. A more flexible line may be easier to tie, for example to the removable connector 350. The shape of the line 220 may also be carefully selected to minimise drag as the line 220 travels through the air; for example, a line 220 with a tape-like shape may catch the wind and flutter off course.

[0066] The length of the line 220, as measured from the extremities of its head end 222 and its trailing end 224, may be in the range of 15m to 60m (inclusive). Longer line lengths may be used as required to clear a large building or structure from the ground on one side to the ground on the other side.

[0067] The line 220 must be made from a material with a load capacity sufficient to pull the lifeline 120A and rope grab 140 over a roofline without the line 220 breaking or snapping. The average combined weight of a typical lifeline 120A & rope grab 140 is approximately 2kg. Some embodiments of the line 220 may therefore be a minimum of 6kgs to ensure sufficient load capacity. The line 220 should be strong enough to withstand the weight of the lifeline 120A and rope grab 140, while also allowing for friction & snags or other such tension forces.

[0068] Preferably, the line 220 is made from a non-elastic material. An elastic line would potentially create unwanted recoil, thereby creating a danger to the user and or building structure. An elastic line may also break easily in the event of snagging. Non elastic lines can be safely pulled on with more predictable outcomes as the lack of elasticity does not create the false impression of slack in the line. This accordingly may reduce the risk of such recoil or breakage.

[0069] Fig. 6 shows a cross section of the projectile 210. In some embodiments, the projectile body 500 is hollow. The projectile body 500 may comprise a single layer or multiple layers to provide the desired cushioning properties to reduce the risk of damaging the roof 100 when the projectile 210 impacts the roof 100. For example, the projectile body 500 may comprise an inner layer 600 formed of a first material, and an outer layer 610 formed of a second material, wherein the first and second materials have different dampening properties. In some embodiments, the first and second materials have substantially similar dampening properties.

[0070] The outer layer 610 may comprise a soft material. The outer layer 610 may be resiliently deformable so as to deform without breaking. The outer layer 610 may be resiliently deformable so as to absorb or dampen the energy of an impact with the roof 100 (or other object, such as a window). The outer layer 610 may be elastic so that the outer layer 610 is biased to return to its original shape after the deforming force is removed. Suitable materials for the projectile body 500 include rubber, foam, or combinations thereof.

[0071] The projectile 210 is sufficiently small and lightweight to be launched over a typical house roof 100 by hand; for example, a 20m distance. To facilitate throwing (particularly for longer distances), the worker may use a slingshot or catapult 1000, such as commonly found in pet stores (see Fig. 10). The projectile 210 may be a ball approximately 4cm in diameter, and measuring up to 9cm in diameter. The projectile 210 may be a tennis ball, squash ball, or the like. The projectile 210 may be a prolate spheroid measuring approximately 180 x 110 x 110mm.

[0072] The weight of the projectile 210 may be between 40-120 grams. Preferably, the weight of the projectile 210 is around 50-60 grams. If the projectile 210 is too light, the projectile 210 may not be able to be thrown with sufficient momentum and may be held back by the weight of the line 220. Alternatively, if the projectile 210 is too heavy, it risks causing damage to the building, structure, glass or anything else it may come into contact with during use.

[0073] The projectile 210 could be propelled manually, such as by being thrown or kicked. In some embodiments of the apparatus 200, a slingshot or catapult can be used to propel the projectile 210 over longer distances.

[0074] The coupling portion 510 maybe configured to receive a coupler 620, for example through the opening 512. The coupler 620 may comprise a plug 622 connected to a flange 624. In such an arrangement, the line 220 is connected to the coupler 620, for example by being threaded through a conduit in the plug 622 and flange 624 and knotted to restrict withdrawal back through the conduit. The flange 624 is larger than the opening 512 to restrict withdrawal back through the opening 512.

[0075] The coupler 620 is inserted into the opening 512. The portion of the projectile body 500 surrounding the opening 512 may be elastic to facilitate the insertion of the flange 624. The flange 624 may be resiliently deformable so as to be folded and squeezed through the opening 512 and into the hollow inside of the projectile body 500, wherein it unfolds to retain the plug 622 in position. The plug 622 may substantially fill the opening 512 to reduce the risk of water entering the opening 512. To this end, the plug 622 may also be sized and made of a resiliently deformable material which can be compressed to fit into the opening 512 and expand therein to substantially seal the opening 512. In some embodiments, the plug 622 is made of a rigid material.

[0076] Fig. 7 shows an embodiment 700 of the coupler 620. The coupler 700 comprises a hollow shaft 710 through which the line 220 is threaded. The hollow shaft 710 defines a slot 720 through which the line 220 extends and is knotted to restrict withdrawal back through the slot 720 and the hollow shaft 710.

[0077] The coupler 700 further comprises a first flange 730 and a second flange 740 at each end of the hollow shaft 710. The flanges 730, 740 restrict the coupler 700 from being withdrawn through the opening 512 by being larger than the opening 512. The portion of the projectile body 500 surrounding the opening 512 may be elastic to facilitate the insertion of the flanges 730, 740. The flanges 730, 740 may be resiliently deformable so as to be folded and squeezed through the opening 512 and into the hollow inside of the projectile body 500, wherein the flanges 730, 740 unfold to retain the coupler 700 in position. Where the projectile body 500 is sufficiently elastic, the flanges 730, 740 are made of a rigid material. The first flange 730 may abut the opening 512. The second flange 740 may abut the inside of the projectile body 500 opposite the opening 512.

[0078] Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment 800 of the coupler 620, as attached to the projectile210. In this embodiment, the coupling portion 510 does not define an opening, and so the opening 512 is not present. The coupler 800 is a strap or loop that is connected to the projectile 210, such as by stitching orby an adhesive. Theheadend 222 of the line 220 is connected to the coupler 800 by tying a knot, or through removable connector such as a clip.

[0079] In some embodiments, the apparatus 200 is supplied as a kit 900. Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a kit 900 as assembled. The kit 900 may comprise the projectile 210 and the line 220, configured to be connected to each other. The kit 900 may further comprise the bag 300, wherein the bag 300 may be configured to be attached to the line 220. The bag 300 may be resiliently deformable and is configured to absorb energy of an impact with the roof 100. In Fig. 9, the bag 300 is shown as the pouch 400.

[0080] The apparatus 200 may be supplied with the line 220 already attached to the projectile 210. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, such as the kit 900, the line 220 is supplied as not attached to the projectile 210. A plurality of lines 220 may be supplied with the kit 900, wherein each line 220 has different materials, diameters, lengths, load capacities, or strengths. This allows the appropriate type of line 220 to be chosen before attachment to the projectile 210. For example, the diameter, length, and/or material of the line 220 may be selected to suit the worksite conditions.

[0081] The kit 900 may further comprise a slingshot or catapult 1000, as shown in Fig. 10. The slingshot 1000 is configured to facilitate throwing the projectile 210 (particularly over longer distances). The slingshot 1000 comprises a holder 1010 which is configured to hold part of the projectile 210. The slingshot 1000 comprises a shaft 1020 extending from the holder 1010. The slingshot 1000 comprises a handle 1030 extending from the shaft 1020. The length of the shaft 1020 creates a longer moment arm from the handle 1030 to the projectile 210 when received in the holder 1010, thereby reducing the amount of effort the worker needs to exert to throw the projectile 210.

[0082] A method of installing a fall arrest anchor on an elevated worksite may comprise using the apparatus 200, according to some embodiments. The method comprises connecting the second end 224 of the line 220 to a head end of a first lifeline or installation lifeline 120A, such as shown in Fig. 2A. Alternatively, any part of the line 220 may be connected to any part of the installation lifeline 120A.

[0083] The method further comprises launching the projectile 210 from a first side 104 of the roof 100 when the worker is at a height below the roof 100 (such as at ground level) where fall arrest is not required or is already provided. The projectile 210 is launched over and towards an opposite second side 106 of the roof 100. The method may also include attaching the lifeline 120A to the roof 100 at the anchor point 110A located at a lower point on the first side 104 of the roof 100, prior to launching the projectile 210.

[0084] The method further comprises retrieving the projectile 210 from the second side 106 of the roof 100. The worker pulls the line 220 across the roof 100, which drags the installation lifeline 120A along the roof 100 until the lifeline 120A spans the first and second sides 104, 106 of the roof 100.

[0085] The method comprises the worker removing any slack from the lifeline 120A while on the second side 106 of the roof 100. The worker then connects their harness to the lifeline 120A and climbs up the roof 100, and installs the anchor point 1OB at the ridge of the roof 100 as shown in Fig. 2B.

[0086] Once the anchor point 110B is installed, and while safely connected to the installation lifeline 120A, the worker connects a second lifeline 120B to the anchor point 1OB. The second lifeline 120B acts as a working lifeline. The worker then descends to ground level, and transfers their harness connection (such as a clip or karabiner or a fall arrest connector) to the working lifeline 120B. Alternatively, the worker may have a second harness connection, which may allow the worker to connect their harness to the working lifeline 120B while on the roof 100 and temporarily remaining connected to the installation lifeline 120A.

[0087] Removal of the anchor points 110A, 110B and the lifelines 120A, 120B may occur by applying the method in reverse. At ground level, the worker transfers their harness connection from the working lifeline 120B to the installation lifeline 120A. Alternatively, the worker may have a second harness connection, which may allow the worker to connect their harness to the installation lifeline 120A while on the roof 100 and temporarily remaining connected to the working lifeline 120B.

[0088] Once connected to the installation lifeline 120A, the worker can safely remove the working lifeline 120B and the working anchor 11B. The worker then descends to ground level on the second side of the roof 106 (so that in the event of a fall, the installation lifeline 120A is tensioned). The worker then disconnects from the installation lifeline 120A, and moves to the first side of the roof 104. The worker removes the installation anchor 110A from the roof 100, and from ground level from the first side 104, pulls the installation lifeline 120A back across the roof 100.

[0089] It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments, without departing from the broad general scope of the present disclosure. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

Claims (24)

CLAIMS:

1. A fall arrest anchor installation apparatus for a roof, the apparatus comprising: a projectile comprising a resiliently deformable projectile body, wherein an outer surface of the projectile body comprises at least one rounded portion; a line connected to the projectile body at a first end of the line; a bag arranged to be coupled to the line at or towards a second end of the line, the bag defining a closable opening to permit access to an inner portion of the bag, wherein the inner portion of the bag is configured to receive at least part of a fall arrest lifeline; wherein the resiliently deformable projectile body and the bag are both configured to absorb energy of an impact with the roof; and wherein the at least one rounded portion is configured to allow the projectile to roll along the roof.

2. A fall arrest anchor installation kit, comprising: a projectile comprising a resiliently deformable projectile body, wherein an outer surface of the projectile body comprises at least one rounded portion; a line configured to be connected to the projectile body at a first end of the line; wherein the resiliently deformable projectile body is configured to absorb energy of an impact with a roof; and wherein the at least one rounded portion is configured to allow the projectile to roll along the roof.

3. The kit of claim 2, further comprising a bag arranged to be coupled to the line at or towards a second end of the line, the bag defining a closable opening to permit access to an inner portion of the bag, wherein the inner portion of the bag is configured to receive at least part of a fall arrest lifeline.

4. The kit of claim 3, wherein the bag is resiliently deformable and is configured to absorb energy of an impact with the roof.

5. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus of claim 1, or the fall arrest anchor installation kit of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the bag comprises a padded portion.

6. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 5, wherein the padded portion is resiliently deformable and comprises a non-elastic material.

7. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the closable opening comprises a Velcro fastener, a snap fastener, or a zip fastener.

8. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the closable opening extends along a perimeter of the bag and when unsealed, the bag can be opened to an unfolded state exposing the inner portion of the bag.

9. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein an external portion of the bag comprises a smooth surface.

10. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the apparatus or kit further comprises a removable connector, wherein the bag is connected to the line via the removable connector.

11. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein the bag defines an aperture bounded by a grommet.

12. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 11 when dependent on claim 10, wherein the removable connector is connected to the grommet.

13. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims I to 12, wherein the line has a length of at least 15 metres.

14. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims I to 13, wherein the projectile body comprises a coupling portion, and wherein the line is connected to the coupling portion via a coupler.

15. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 14, wherein the coupling portion defines an opening, and the coupler comprises: (i) a plug and a flange; or (ii) a hollow shaft; inserted into the opening.

16. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 14, wherein the coupler comprises a strap connected to the projectile.

17. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims I to 16, wherein the projectile body comprises a soft material or an elastic material.

18. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims I to 17, wherein the projectile body comprises an inner layer formed of a first material, and an outer layer formed of a second material.

19. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 18, wherein the first and second materials have different dampening properties.

20. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of claim 18, wherein the first and second materials have substantially similar dampening properties.

21. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the projectile body has a spherical shape.

22. The fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims I to 21, wherein the projectile body has a prolate spherical shape.

23. A method of installing a fall arrest anchor on a ridge portion of a roof using the fall arrest anchor installation apparatus or kit of any one of claims 1 to 22, the method comprising: installing a first anchor point on a lower portion of the roof at a first side of the roof, and connecting a first lifeline to the first anchor point; connecting the apparatus line to the first lifeline; from a height below the roof, launching the projectile from the first side of the roof, over and towards an opposite second side of the roof; from the second side of the roof, retrieving the projectile and pulling the line across the roof until the first lifeline spans the first and second sides of the roof; from the second side of the roof, removing slack from the first lifeline; connecting a harness to the first lifeline and climbing the roof from the second side of the roof; and installing a second anchor point to the ridge portion of the roof while connected to the first lifeline.

24. The steps, features, integers, compositions and/or compounds disclosed herein or indicated in the specification of this application individually or collectively, and any and all combinations of two or more of said steps or features.