AU2021240243A1

AU2021240243A1 - Anchoring system for a building element on a structure

Info

Publication number: AU2021240243A1
Application number: AU2021240243A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Stefan Lips; Christoph Oberli
Original assignee: Leviat AG
Current assignee: Leviat AG
Priority date: 2020-10-12
Filing date: 2021-09-30
Publication date: 2022-04-28
Also published as: EP3981950A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an anchoring system (10) for anchor ing a building element (12), designed as false ceiling, to a structure (14) in tun nel construction, comprising a first anchoring means (20), which comprises a 5 holding element (16) formed from a sleeve (17) with an external threading (24), which is screwable into a bore (18) made in the structure (14), a second anchor ing means (50) which is able to be arranged on the building element (12), and a clamping unit (40). Furthermore the clamping unit (40) comprises a pull rod (42) which is insertable by a first end section (44) into the sleeve (17) screwable into 10 the bore (18) and is held in a screwed-in end region (21) of the sleeve (17), whereby a second end section (46) of the pull rod (32) <sic. (42)> is connecta ble to the second anchoring means (50). (Figure 1)

Description

Anchoring System for a Building Element on a Structure

Technical Field of the Invention

The invention relates to an anchoring system for a building element on a structure, in particular (but not exclusively) for anchoring a building ele ment designed as false ceiling on a tunnel construction.

State of the Art

An anchoring of a building element on a concrete construction in the case of the anchoring of a false ceiling in tunnel construction is subject to very high safety requirements. False ceilings in tunnel construction are generally structures made of reinforced concrete, and are provided mainly to separate a ventilation space from a driving space for traffic by means of the false ceiling. The ventilation space basically has a sufficient duct cross section for active ven tilation and for rapid extraction of exhaust air and smoke in the case of conges tion and/or fire. To ensure this, the distance between an inner ring or respec tively an inner shell of a tunnel structure and the false ceiling is generally ap proximately 1.80 m.

Owing to the high safety requirements in tunnel construction, it is necessary that the bearing and/or suspension or respectively support of the false ceiling is freely accessible for inspection and maintenance purposes, i.e. in particular freely accessible via the hollow space between the false ceiling and the inner ring. This has moreover the advantage that for the regular inspections to be carried out, the traffic flowing through the tunnel is not impaired.

In tunnel construction, the false ceiling is generally borne on rein forced supports, which are designed as strip consoles on an arch shell or re spectively the inner ring of a tunnel structure, so that the tensile forces resulting from the support forces are able to be absorbed by the concrete-steel reinforce ment. However, in areas with a large span, e.g. in areas of emergency bays and junctions, and for temporary securing, it is permitted to suspend the false ceiling from the tunnel structure by means of devices, e.g. on its inner ring.

The anchoring systems that can be used must meet high safety re quirements. These refer, among other things, to a suitable material of such an anchorage, for which it is required that it is sufficiently resistant to the aggres sive and corrosive atmosphere prevailing in the tunnel, the extreme temperature fluctuations, e.g. in the case of fire, and against the static and dynamic loads that occur. Furthermore, there are regulations for the construction itself, i.e. the use of adhesive anchors or anchor devices with welded seam to suspend the false ceiling are not allowed. It is also specified that for the installation of dy namically loaded anchorages, non-slip, back-cutting and fatigue-resistant fas tening means with full concrete bond should be used, so that it is recommended to use undercut anchors or respectively positive-locking anchors and embedded anchors in tension zones for heavy loads, such as false ceilings.

The so-called Swiss bolt is known, for example from EP 0 062 155 and CH 701 852, for anchoring heavy loads in rock, stone or a concrete struc ture. The Swiss bolt comprises an anchor rod with an external threading, which is supported at one end by means of an anchor plate on the building part to be anchored. The opposite end of the anchor rod is in operative connection with an internal threading of a holding element, which is held in rock, stone or a con crete structure. For anchoring, a first bore, the anchoring bore, and a second bore, the auxiliary bore, are made in the rock, stone or concrete structure in a way running at an acute angle to each other. Accommodated in the auxiliary bore is the holding element, which is penetrated by the anchor rod accommo dated in the anchoring bore. In this way, the anchor rod accommodated in the anchoring bore can be held against tensile stress by means of the holding ele ment inserted in the auxiliary bore. The anchor rod can moreover be secured in the holding element by a securing element to prevent it from loosening due to vibrations. Conventionally, the securing element forms a form fit with the anchor rod. Since a large number of bores must be made with millimeter precision to place the Swiss bolt, the placement of Swiss bolts to support a false ceiling in a tunnel structure is very labor-intensive, time-consuming and cost-intensive.

Furthermore, a method for anchoring a component in concrete is known from DE 3 631 544, whereby a first bore hole is first drilled to receive a retaining dowel. Subsequently, a second drill hole is made to accommodate a securing element. Starting from a first end of the first bore hole, the bore hole mouth, the second bore hole partially overlaps and extends in a divergent way to the first bore hole. A securing element is inserted into the second drilled hole, which forms a form fit with the retaining dowel. For example, the securing ele ment can comprise reactive composite components stored in a cartridge which are released by screwing in the retaining dowel and exert their anchoring effect.

All these anchoring systems are complex and cost-intensive owing to either the millimeter-precise production of bores or the number of elements in cluded.

Summary of Invention

One object of the present invention consists in providing an anchor ing system for a building element on a structure, in particular for anchoring a false ceiling on a tunnel structure or respectively a tunnel ceiling, which allows anchoring of the building element in an optimal and simple way, but taking into account the high safety requirements. In particular, the anchoring system should be able to be arranged with a reduced number of required bores and el ements compared with the state of the art and without welds. The anchoring system should be checkable and possibly replaceable as well as retrofittable.

According to the invention, the object is achieved with an anchoring system for anchoring a building element designed as false ceiling to a structure in the tunnel structure, comprising a first anchoring means, which comprises a holding element formed from a sleeve with an external threading, which is screwable into a bore made in a tunnel structure, a second anchoring means, which is able to be arranged on the building element, and a clamping unit. The clamping unit of the anchoring system according to the invention comprises a pull rod which is insertable by a first end region into the sleeve screwable into the bore and is held in a screwed-in end region of the sleeve, whereby a second end region of the pull rod is connectable to the second anchoring means.

In an embodiment, the holding element, formed from a sleeve, of the first anchoring means has an external threading over its entire length, via which it is completely screwable in the bore made in the tunnel structure. Through the design and the insertion of the sleeve, extending over the entire length of the bore made in the structure and by means of the external threading formed over the entire length of the sleeve, a tight fit of this sleeve in the structure, e.g. a concrete structure, is achieved.

Various methods and/or installation aids are foreseen for placement of this sleeve-type holding element. Thus in one embodiment the external threading of the sleeve-type holding element is a self-tapping thread. This al lows the sleeve-like holding element with the self-tapping external threading to be screwed directly into the bore previously made in the structure, which makes the placement of the holding element particularly easy. Alternatively, by means of a thread cutting element in the previously made bore in the structure of the tunnel construction a threading can be made, which is compatible with the ex ternal threading of the sleeve-type holding element. Accordingly, a threading tip integrated on the holding element or a separate threading tip with an external threading section can be used on a frontal or respectively externally running threading section to produce the thread in the bore.

In one embodiment, an internal threading is formed on the inside of the sleeve-like holding element in the screwed-in end region, into which an in stallation aid can be screwed for placing the sleeve-like holding element and/or the pull rod can be screwed for anchoring the building element.

Alternatively, screwing the sleeve into the manufactured bore can be facilitated, whereby an accommodation for an installation aid is designed on an entry-side end region of the sleeve opposite the screwed-in end region. The in stallation aid can be designed as a tool which is able to be placed in the accom modation for installing the sleeve.

The installation aid can be designed as a screw with a screw head, which can be engaged with the internal threading on the inside of the sleeve. Thus, an internal threading can be formed on the inside on the entry-side end region of the sleeve, into which an installation aid in the form of a screw can be inserted, in particular by means of a compatibly designed threading. This inter nal threading in the entry-side end region of the sleeve can have a larger inter nal diameter than the internal threading on the screwed-in end region of the sleeve.

The installation aid designed as screw of one embodiment comprises a screw head which projects from the sleeve-type holding element and can in teract with a corresponding tool to transmit torque to the sleeve-like holding ele ment for screwing it into the bore made in the tunnel structure. For example, this can be provided by an inner profile or a slot or a shaped periphery on the screw head. Other inner contours at the entry-side end region of the sleeve-like hold ing element for positive and/or non-positive receiving of the installation aid are conceivable.

Preferably, the installation aid remains in the sleeve-type holding ele ment until the pull rod is inserted to anchor the building element. The installation aid closes off the inside of the sleeve-type holding element, protecting it, so that a placement of the sleeve-type holding elements can be carried out at an early stage and in a way unaffected by subsequent work during tunnel construction.

In one embodiment, a separating element is able to be arranged be tween the installation aid received in the sleeve-type holding element and an adjacent end region of the latter, which prevents cold welding of the included el ements. In this way it is ensured that the installation aid is easily removable at any time from the sleeve-type holding element.

Insertable into the sleeve inserted in the made bore of the structure is the pull rod of the clamping unit, whereby this can be designed as a threaded rod, for example, or it has at least an external threading in one end region, which external threading is compatible with the internal threading in the screw-in side end region of the sleeve. The at least one pull rod is therefore optimally connectable to the first anchoring means comprising the sleeve-like holding ele ment and is also easily replaceable.

By means of the external threading extending over the entire length of the sleeve-type holding element, with which it is able to be screwed com pletely into the made bore, not only is a tight fit ensured of the sleeve-type hold ing element in the tunnel structure, but also the force coming from the pull rod accommodated in the screwed-in end region is optimally transferred via the ex ternal threading into the structure surrounding the bore or respectively the sleeve-type holding element. Owing to the length of the external threading pro vided as well as the accommodation of the pull rod of the clamping unit by means of the screw connection in the screwed-in end region of the holding ele ment, local stress peaks are largely avoided.

In one embodiment, the clamping unit comprises the pull rod, which is adapted to be inserted in the sleeve-type holding element and thus in the structure and to be held in the screwed-in end region of this sleeve.

In one embodiment, in order to anchor a building element designed as a false ceiling to a tunnel ceiling structure or a tunnel structure, the at least one pull rod can be connected to the second anchoring means, which is pro vided on the building element to be anchored. Preferably, in one embodiment, the second anchoring means comprises an anchor plate, which supports the building element, i.e. can be arranged in particular on the underside of the build ing element. It can be provided that on the building element to be anchored, a second bore is made in the building element in a way aligned with the bore in the structure, designed as through-hole. The at least one pull rod can extend through the through hole, whereby the anchor plate can be clamped against the building element by means of a clamping nut screwable onto the pull rod.

The second anchoring means, which can be arranged on the building element to be anchored, i.e. the false ceiling, can in one embodiment also com prise a sleeve-shaped holding element, which, by means of an external thread ing formed over its entire length, can be inserted into a second bore made on the building element and is held therein in a corresponding screwed-in end re gion. In particular, the bore in the structure, e.g. a concrete structure of the tun nel ceiling, and the second bore in the building element to be anchored to the structure are disposed in a way aligned with one another. The sleeve-type hold ing element insertable in the building element is likewise designed to accommo date a pull rod, in particular in the end region on the screw-in side, which pull rod extends from the building element in the direction of the structure. This em bodiment of the anchoring system is especially advantageous, since only a few different elements are required, so that a large number of anchoring systems can also be installed on one construction site without any problems.

In a preferred embodiment, the clamping unit comprises a second pull rod, which is insertable in the building element to be anchored, for example in a precast concrete component of the false ceiling, in the second anchoring means disposed therein. The first pull rod and the second pull rod are connecta ble to one another by means of a suitable clamping device, in particular a turn buckle. A known turnbuckle is designed for an adjustable axial connection of two coaxial rods. It generally comprises a tubular bushing having a left-hand thread at one end and a right-hand thread at the other end, in each of which corresponding compatible external threads of the pull rod are receivable. With rotation of the bushing, an axial distance between the rods is reduced or in creased or adjusted, depending on the direction of rotation. Furthermore, means can be provided on the turnbuckle to secure the assumed tension of the two pull rods relative to each other.

An alternative is a pull rod having a left-hand thread extending over a first section and a right-hand thread extending over a second section, whereby a clamping screw is disposed there-between. Here, too, axial tensioning of the pull rod, which is accommodated with its end regions in the first anchoring means and in the second anchoring means respectively, can be achieved by turning the clamping screw in one direction of rotation.

With an anchoring system according to the invention, the anchoring of a false ceiling on a tunnel structure can be simplified, whereby maintenance and repair as well as disassembly of the connection or respectively anchorage is possible in a simple and time-saving way. By means of the anchoring system according to the invention building elements, in particular precast concrete com ponents, can be connected to one another quickly, efficiently and securely.

Such a connection can be loaded immediately after tensioning of the anchoring system, whereby it is also advantageous that this system can be produced in series with high precision. Through a suitable selection of material for the ele ments of the anchoring system, high strength, toughness and vibration re sistance can be achieved, while corrosion resistance must also be taken into consideration.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Embodiments of the invention will be explained more closely in the following, by way of example, with reference to the attached drawings.

Figure 1 shows a sectional view of an anchoring system in a first em bodiment;

Figure 2 shows a sectional view of an anchoring system in a second embodiment;

Figure 3 shows a sectional view of a sleeve-type holding element of the anchoring system;

Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the sleeve-type holding element with an installation aid; and

Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the sleeve-type holding element with an installation aid.

Detailed Description of the Drawings

Seen from Figure 1 is an anchoring system 10 that connects a build ing element 12 to a second building element, referred to as structure 14. In par ticular, the building element 12 to be anchored is a precast concrete element, especially an element of a false ceiling, which is inserted underneath the tunnel structure 14 during tunnel construction.

In the embodiment shown of the anchoring system 10, this system comprises a first anchoring means 20 with a first holding element 16, which is formed as sleeve 17 and is received in a bore 18 in the structure 14. A thread ing 24 extending over the entire length is formed on the outside of the sleeve 17. As can be seen from Figure 1, the sleeve 17 is received, respectively screwed, in the bore 18 made in the structure 14. The threading 24 of the sleeve 17 can thereby be designed as a self-tapping thread 24. Here, the self- tapping thread 24 penetrates the concrete, rock or stone of the structure 14, whereby the sleeve 17 is able to be screwed directly into a bore 18 made in the structure 14. However, sleeves 17 can also be used whose external threading 24 is not designed as self-tapping.

In order to insert the sleeve 17 into the pre-produced or produced bore 18, a corresponding threading can be cut into the bore 18 by means of a thread cutting element, whereby the thread cutting element can be subse quently unscrewed out of the bore again. Then the sleeve 17 with the external threading 24 can be screwed into the prepared bore 18. Here, the sleeve 17 and the external threading 24 are not so heavily stressed and nevertheless a secure fit of the sleeve 17 is achieved.

The sleeve 17 screwed into the bore 18 extends practically over the entire length of this bore, so that the force is optimally transferred over a large region from the sleeve 17 and the external threading 24 into its surroundings, in particular into the surrounding concrete.

It can be seen from the embodiment according to Figure 1 that a sec ond anchoring means 50 is provided in the building element 12 to be anchored, likewise comprising a sleeve 57 with an external threading 54, which is inserta ble into a second bore 58 made in the building element 12. Sleeve 57, external threading 54 and second bore 58 can be largely identical to those arranged in the structure 14, but could also have another embodiment. However, the (first) bore 18 in the structure 14 and the (second) bore 58 in the building element 12 are largely aligned with each other.

Inserted in the sleeve 17 is a clamping unit 40, designed as pull rod 42. For this purpose, the sleeve 17 is provided with an internal threading 26 on the inside in the end region 21 on the screw-in side. The clamping unit 40, re spectively the pull rod 42, is thereby screwable into the internal threading 26 in the sleeve 17. The pull rod 42 can thereby be a threaded rod, which is cut to an appropriate length. Preferably the internal threading 26 has a length which cor responds approximately to 1.5 times the nominal diameter of the pull rod 42.

As shown in Figure 1, the first pull rod 42 extends beyond the sleeve 17, whereby in one embodiment a threading is provided at least in a protruding end region, which threading is directly connectable to the second anchoring means 50, which holds the building element 12 in a supporting manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the clamping unit 40 comprises a second pull rod 43, which is connectable to the (first) pull rod 42 in a tensionable manner via a turn buckle 60. The second pull rod 43 is connectable to the second anchoring means 50. In the illustrated embodiment of Figure 1 the second anchoring means 50 thus comprises the sleeve 57 received in the second bore 58 made in the building element 12, which sleeve 57 can be of a similar design to the sleeve 17 received in the structure 14. The second pull rod 43 is held at least in the screwed-in end region 21 of the sleeve 57. The turnbuckle 60 has a left hand threading and an opposite right-hand threading on a tubular bushing, whereby into one of which the first pull rod 42 and into the other of which the second pull rod 43 are screwable with their end regions designed with compati ble threadings.

Accordingly, the anchoring system 10 is designed in such a way that with few elements, i.e. sleeves 17, 57, pull rods 42, 43 and the tensioning de vice 60, a secure anchoring is ensured of the building element 12, designed as false ceiling, to the structure 14, e.g. an inner ring of a tunnel, whereby tension ing is achieved in a simple way.

Shown in Figure 2 is an alternative embodiment of the anchoring sys tem 10, whereby the difference to the previously described embodiment of Fig ure 1 only consists in the fact that the second anchoring means 50 varies. The second anchoring means 50 comprises an anchor plate 51 which rests against a surface of the building element 12 to be supported. The second pull rod 43 passes through the second bore 58, which is formed as a through hole 52, and the anchor plate 51, and is connectable thereto by means of a clamping nut 53, which is screwable onto the second pull rod 43, so that the anchor plate 51 is clamped against the building element 12.

Figure 3 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the sleeve 17 which can be arranged in the structure 14. The same applies to the sleeve 57, which can be received in the building element 12 to be anchored to the struc ture 14. The external threading 24 extending over the entire length is attached to the outside of the sleeve 17. The internal threading 26 is formed on the inside in an end region 21 of the sleeve 17 on the screw-in side, into which the pull rod 42 is screwable with its corresponding threading.

Figure 4 shows a variant of the sleeve 17, which differs from the pre viously described sleeve 17 only in that the interior region of the sleeve 17 is designed in a varying way. In addition to the internal threading 26 formed on the end region 21 on the screw-in side, an accommodation 28 designed as a threaded area is formed on an opposite end region 22 of the sleeve 17 on the entry side, into which an installation aid 30 is insertable. As shown by way of ex ample, the threaded area in the entry-side end region 22 of the sleeve 17 has a larger inner diameter than the internal threading 26 in the screwed-in end region 21. Thus, the pull rod 42 can be led through the entry-side end region 22 and screwed into the internal threading 26 on the screwed-in end region 21.

Furthermore it can be seen that an installation aid 30 in the form of a screw 32 with a screw head 34 can be received in the internal threading in the entry-side end region 22 of the sleeve. The protruding screw head 34 is de signed in such a way that it can be engaged with a corresponding tool and the sleeve 17 can thereby be screwed into the structure 14, whereby using it as a second anchoring means 50. In particular, by means of the screw head 34, the sleeve 17 is able to be screwed into the bores 18, 58 made in the structure 14 or respectively in the building element 12. At the same time the employed instal lation aid 30 closes off the interior of the sleeve 17, so that this is protected from dirt, etc. Accordingly, sleeves 17 and 57 can be arranged at an early stage and activated for anchoring by the anchoring system 10, if required, by removing the installation aid 30.

It has thereby been shown to be advantageous when a separating el ement 36, designed as an annular separating disk, is provided between the re ceived installation aid 30 and an adjacent end face of the sleeve 17. In particu lar, this can prevent the high forces during placement of the sleeve 17 by means of the installation aid 30, which is designed as a screw, from causing cold welding between sleeve 17 and installation aid 30.

Shown in Figure 5 is an alternative embodiment of the installation aid 30. Here, the sleeve 17 or respectively the sleeve 57, which can be arranged in the building element 12, comprises the internally formed internal threading 26 at the screwed-in end region 21, whereby this threading is able to be brought into engagement with a correspondingly designed installation aid 30. The installation aid 30 thereby extends from the entry-side end region 22 of the sleeve 17 to the screwed-in end region 21, and can be screwed in there, in order to insert the sleeve 17; 57 into the correspondingly made bore 18; 58, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to remain in the sleeve 17; 57 as protection until the latter is used for anchoring.

List of Reference Numerals

10 anchoring system 12 building element able to be anchored 14 structure 16 holding element 17 sleeve in the structure 18 bore in the structure

20 first anchoring means 21 screwed-in end region of the sleeve 22 entry-side end region of the sleeve 24 external threading of the sleeve 26 internal threading of the sleeve 28 accommodation for installation aid

30 installation aid 32 screw 34 screw head 36 separating element

40 clamping unit 42 pull rod 43 second pull rod 44 first end section of the pull rod 46 second end section of the pull rod 48 threading of the pull rod

50 second anchoring means 51 anchor plate 52 through hole 53 clamping nut 54 external threading 57 sleeve in the building element 58 second bore

60 turnbuckle

Claims

1. Anchoring system (10) for anchoring a building element (12), designed as false ceiling, to a structure (14) in tunnel construction, comprising

• a first anchoring means (20), which comprises a holding element (16) formed from a sleeve (17) with an external threading (24), which is screwable into a bore (18) made in the structure (14),

• a second anchoring means (50) which is able to be arranged on the building element (12), and

• a clamping unit (40),

characterized in that

the clamping unit (40) comprises a pull rod (42) which is insertable by a first end section (44) into the sleeve (17) screwable into the bore (18) and is held in a screw-in end region (21) of the sleeve (17), whereby a second end section (46) of the pull rod (32) <sic. (42)> is connectable to the second anchoring means (50).

2. Anchoring system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ex ternal threading (24) of the holding element (16) formed from the sleeve (17) extends over the entire length of the sleeve (17), and in that the holding element (16) is completely screwable into the first bore (18).

3. Anchoring system (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the external threading (24) of the sleeve (17) is a self-tapping thread.

4. Anchoring system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, charac terized in that an internal threading (26) is formed on the inside in the screwed-in end region (21) of the sleeve (17), in which the pull rod (42) is screwable with a compatible threading (48) on the first end section (44) and/or an installation aid (30).

5. Anchoring system (10) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, character ized in that an entry-side end region (22), opposite the screwed-in end region (21) of the sleeve (17), is designed with an accommodation (28) for an installation aid (30) for screwing the sleeve (17) into the made bore (18).

6. Anchoring system (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the ac commodation (28) has at the entry-side end region (22) of the sleeve (17) a larger inner diameter than at the screwed-in end region (21) of the sleeve (17).

7. Anchoring system (10) according to one of the claims 4 to 6, character ized in that the installation aid (30) is designed as screw (32) with a screw head (34).

8. Anchoring system (10) according to one of the claims 4 to 7, character ized in that a separating element (36) is able to be arranged between the installation aid (30) received in the sleeve (17) and an adjacent end re gion of the sleeve (17).

9. Anchoring system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, charac terized in that the second anchoring means (50) comprises an anchor plate (51) supporting the building element (12), which anchor plate (51) is connectable to the first anchoring means (20) by means of the clamping unit (40).

10.Anchoring means <sic. system> (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that the anchor plate (51) is connectable, by means of a clamping nut (53), to the pull rod (42) of the clamping unit (40), which is guided through a through hole (52) aligned with the bore (18) made in the struc ture (14).

11.Anchoring system (10) according to one of the claims 1 to 8, character ized in that the second anchoring means (50) comprises a sleeve (57) completely screwable into a second bore (58), made in the building ele ment (12), with an external threading (54) formed over the entire length thereof.

12.Anchoring system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, charac terized in that the clamping unit (40) comprises the pull rod (42), which is held in the sleeve (17) insertable in the structure (14) in the made bore (18) and a second pull rod (43), which is connectable to the second an choring means (50) able to be arranged on the building element (12), whereby the first pull rod (42) and the second pull rod (43) are connecta ble to one another by means of a turnbuckle (60).