AU2021104732A4 - Deformed magnesium alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance - Google Patents
Deformed magnesium alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance Download PDFInfo
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- AU2021104732A4 AU2021104732A4 AU2021104732A AU2021104732A AU2021104732A4 AU 2021104732 A4 AU2021104732 A4 AU 2021104732A4 AU 2021104732 A AU2021104732 A AU 2021104732A AU 2021104732 A AU2021104732 A AU 2021104732A AU 2021104732 A4 AU2021104732 A4 AU 2021104732A4
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- shielding performance
- conductivity
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910017985 Cu—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 coatings Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure provides a deformed Mg alloy with low cost, high conductivity and
high electromagnetic shielding performance. The Mg alloy includes Mg, Zn, Ce and Cu, and the
composition is in mass percentage: 1.5-2.0 wt.% of Zn, 0.2-0.8 wt.% of Ce, 0.4-0.6 wt.% of Cu and
Mg and unavoidable impurities as the rest. The alloying elements other than Mg have a total
amount of no more than 3.4 wt.%, significantly reducing the preparation cost of Mg alloys. Ce and
Cu form second phases with Zn respectively to decrease the solid solubility of Zn in the Mg matrix,
so as to improve the conductivity, and significantly increase the electromagnetic shielding
performance. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of Mg-Zn-Ce-Cu alloys in the disclosure
increases by 22 dB compared with commercial Mg-Zn-Zr alloy. The shieling effectiveness can
reach that of a Mg-Zn-Cu-Zr alloy with high conductivity and electromagnetic shielding
performance containing a large amount of Cu. The Mg-Zn-Ce-Cu alloys in the disclosure is
effectively expanding the application of Mg alloys in high-end fields.
17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU
Description
[01] The present disclosure relates to a magnesium alloy, in particular to a deformed magnesium alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance.
[02] The electronic products are updated rapidly and the digital systems are used frequently. Our living and working spaces are full of electromagnetic waves generated by electronic devices, and an excessive electromagnetic radiation causes electromagnetic pollution. As one of the most effective protective measures, electromagnetic shielding is becoming increasingly important and has become a research focus globally. It is extremely important, among others, to develop a high-performance shielding material. Currently, the electromagnetic shielding materials with various functions mainly include metals, composite materials, coatings, foams, films, and the like. A metal has desirable conductivity. A main shielding mechanism of such materials is based on the reflection attenuation. Conductivity is an important factor that indirectly reflects electromagnetic shielding performance. In Schelkunoff theory of a single-layer shield, higher conductivity means better electromagnetic shielding performance. Therefore, the development of a material with high conductivity is a key to improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of a metal. However, metals have relatively high density, and are difficult to meet the strict requirements of material lightweight. The composite materials such as a conductive filler, a fiber, a particle-reinforced polymer and a carbon nanotube have a desirable reflection and absorption effect on electromagnetic waves. However, the materials have various problems such as high cost high wear, and are easy to be oxidized and difficult to be processed. Therefore, it is very important to develop a material with high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance. Meanwhile, the material should take good mechanical properties into account, and has characteristics of being such as lightweight, stable in performance, simple and economical in preparation process, and environment friendly.
[03] Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are currently the lightest engineering structural materials, which have many advantages such as low density, high specific strength, high specific rigidity, good casting property, good shock absorption, easy cutting processing and recyclability, and are known as "an important green engineering metal structure material in the 21st century", having an extremely important application value in the fields of such as electronic, electrical appliance, automobile, aerospace, aviation, and national defense and military industry. Mg alloy has desirable conductivity. As a functional material, Mg alloy has low density compared with the high
17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU conductivity traditional metals, and may be used as a structural material, environment friendly and easy to be recycled compared with the composite materials. As an electromagnetic shielding material, Mg alloy has a tremendous application potentiality. At present, the electromagnetic shielding performance of Mg alloy has been studied in depth, and may be even further improved through alloying, heat treatment and processing deformation. However, Mg alloy prepared by combining various means is usually costly, in order to achieve excellent shielding performance, which severely limits the applications thereof.
[04] Mg-Zn based Mg alloys have desirable conductivity. The content of Zn is controlled, and a trace amount of a typical rare earth element Ce with low solid solubility in the Mg matrix is added to form the second phase with Zn, thus to decrease the solid solubility of a part of Zn in the Mg matrix, so that the lattice distortion is recovered and the conductivity is improved. The addition of a trace amount of Cu with good conductivity in combination may further decrease the solid solubility of Zn in the Mg matrix, so as to further improve the conductivity. At the same time, the second phases formed by Ce and Cu with Zn respectively may provide more reflective interfaces to reflect and absorb electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic shielding performance is improved under the integrated effects. These second phases may also effectively reinforce Mg matrix to make the alloy have desirable mechanical properties. Therefore, the present disclosure intends to develop a deformed Mg alloy material with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance by adding a trace amount of Ce and Cu on the basis of Mg-Zn alloy.
[05] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a deformed Mg alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance.
[06] The deformed Mg alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance according to the present disclosure consists of Mg, Zn, Ce and Cu, where a composition is in mass percentage: 1.5-2.0 wt.% of Zn, 0.2-0.8 wt.% of Ce, 0.4-0.6 wt.% of Cu, and Mg and unavoidable impurities as the rest. According to the present disclosure, the unavoidable impurities include such as Fe and Si, which have a total amount of less than 0.1 wt.%.
[07] The method for preparing a deformed Mg alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance according to the present disclosure includes the following steps:
[08] a) alloy smelting and casting: using a semi-continuous casting method for casting, where an industrial pure Mg ingot, an industrial pure zinc ingot, a Mg-30% Ce master alloy and a Mg-20% Cu master alloy are used as raw materials; under protection of a mixed gas of SF6andCO2, the Mg
2 17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU ingot is put into a crucible to be melted and then heated to 730-750°C for slagging; the pure zinc ingot and the master alloys are added according to a ratio of the alloy composition; the master alloys are preheated at 150-200°C for 20-40 minutes before heating, pressed below a melt level quickly when being added, and stirred at a constant speed for 3-6 minutes after melting; after being stirred evenly and then stood at 730-750°C for 20-40 minutes, a scum on a surface of the melt is quickly fished out; when a temperature drops to 700-720°C, a resultant is casted in an iron mold at 200-300°C under protection of SF 6 and C02 gas;
[09] b) homogenizing: placing the casted casting in a heat treatment furnace at 370-410°C for homogenizing treatment, with a holding time of 8-13 h;
[10] c) hot extruding: preheating the homogenized ingot and an extrusion mold at 350-390°C for 1-2 hours before extruding, and an extrusion is conducted at 350-390°C with an extrusion ratio of 11.7:1 and an extrusion rate of 0.5-1.1 m/min.
[11] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
[12] 1. In the Mg alloy provided by the present disclosure, a trace amount of a typical rare earth element Ce with low solid solubility in the Mg matrix is added to form the second phase with Zn, thus to decrease the solid solubility of a part of Zn in the Mg matrix, so that the lattice distortion is recovered and the conductivity is improved. Meanwhile, the addition of a trace amount of Cu with good conductivity in combination further decreases the solid solubility of Zn in Mg matrix. The scattering effect of solute atoms on electron transmission is greatly suppressed, and the conductivity is further improved, which may reach up to 19.2 MS/m. At the same time, the second phases formed by Ce and Cu with Zn respectively may provide more reflective interfaces to reflect and absorb the electromagnetic waves. Under the integrated effects, the electromagnetic shielding performance is improved, which may reach up to 88 dB at 1.5 GHz, significantly higher than that of an ordinary commercial Mg alloy. In addition, these second phases may also effectively reinforce the Mg matrix to make the alloy have desirable mechanical properties. The Mg alloy provided in the present disclosure may meet the requirements of a general industry or a high-end field on the shielding performance.
[13] 2. In the Mg alloy provided by the present disclosure, Ce and Cu have a total amount of no more than 1.4 wt.%, and the alloying elements have a total amount of no more than 3.4 wt.%, which significantly reduce the preparation cost of the Mg alloy. Furthermore, the present disclosure has a simple process, is easy to operate and control, and uses the general equipment's such as smelting furnace and hot extruder, and thus has the characteristics of a strong portability.
[14] FIG. 1 is a scanning photograph of a microstructure of an extruded Mg-2Zn-0.2Ce-0.5Cu
3 17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU
(wt.%) Mg alloy;
[15] FIG. 2 is a scanning photograph of a microstructure of an extruded Mg-2Zn-0.5Ce-0.5Cu (wt.%) Mg alloy;
[16] FIG. 3 is a scanning photograph of a microstructure of an extruded Mg-2Zn-0.8Ce-0.5Cu (wt.%) Mg alloy.
[17] The present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It should be noted that these examples are used to illustrate but not to limit the present disclosure. The protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.
[18] Example 1: Mg-Zn-Ce-Cu alloy in this example included the following components in weight percentage: 2 wt.% of Zn, 0.2 wt.% of Ce, 0.5 wt.% of Cu, unavoidable impurities of less than 0.1 wt.%, and Mg as the rest.
[19] The Mg alloy of this example was obtained according to the above ratios and the following preparation process:
[20] a) alloy smelting and casting: the semi-continuous casting method was used for casting, where an industrial pure Mg ingot, an industrial pure zinc ingot, a Mg-30% Ce master alloy and a Mg-20% Cu master alloy were used as raw materials; under protection of a mixed gas of SF6 and C02, the ingot was put into a crucible to be melted and then heated to 730°C for slagging; the pure zinc ingot and the master alloys were added according to the ratio of the alloy composition; the master alloys were preheated at 200°C for 40 minutes before heating, pressed below the melt level quickly when being added, and stirred at a constant speed for 5 minutes after melting; after being stirred evenly and then stood at 730°C for 30 minutes, the scum on the surface of the melt was quickly fished out; when the temperature dropped to 710°C, the resultant was casted in an iron mold at 300°C under protection of SF6 and C02 gas;
[21] b) homogenizing: the homogenizing treatment was conducted at 400°C, with a holding time of 8 h;
[22] c) hot extruding: the homogenized ingot and an extrusion mold were preheated at 390°C for 2 hours before extruding, and the extrusion was conducted at 390°C with an extrusion ratio of 11.7:1 and an extrusion rate of 0.7 m/min.
[23] Example 2: Mg-Zn-Ce-Cu alloy in this example included the following components in weight percentage: 2 wt.% of Zn, 0.5 wt.% of Ce, 0.5 wt.% of Cu, unavoidable impurities of less than 0.1 wt.%, and Mg as the rest. The method of alloy smelting and casting-homogenizing-hot extruding to obtain the Mg alloy of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except for the
4 17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU ratio of the components for alloy smelting.
[24] Example 3: Mg-Zn-Ce-Cu Mg alloy in this example included the following components in weight percentage: 2 wt.% of Zn, 0.8 wt.% of Ce, 0.5 wt.% of Cu, unavoidable impurities of less than 0.1 wt.%, and Mg as the rest. The method of alloy smelting and casting-homogenizing-hot extruding to obtain the Mg alloy of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except for the ratio of the components for alloy smelting.
[25] The Mg alloys in Examples 1-3 above were subjected to the experiments for testing conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance, and the measured properties were shown in Table 1. For a convenient comparison, the data of an extruded commercial Mg-Zn-Zr based alloy was also listed in Table 1.
[26] Table 1 Conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance of the Mg alloy materials of the present disclosure. Shielding Shielding Conductivity Alloy effectiveness/dB effectiveness/dB MS/m f=900 MHz f=1.5 GHz
Mg-Zn-Zr 17.5 85 66
Example 1 Mg-2Zn-0.2Ce-0.5Cu 18.8 96 80
Example 2 Mg-2Zn-0.5Ce-0.5Cu 19.0 98 82
Example 3 Mg-2Zn-0.8Ce-0.5Cu 19.2 97 88
[27] It may be seen from Table 1 that the alloy of the present disclosure (Examples 1-3) has higher conductivity and higher electromagnetic shielding performance than that of the commercial Mg-Zn-Zr alloy, where the conductivity may reach up to 19.2 MS/m, and the shielding effectiveness may reach up to 88 dB at the frequency of 1.5 GHz, 22 dB higher than that of the Mg Zn-Zr alloy. At the same time, the alloy of the present disclosure has conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness comparable to a deformed Mg-4.9Zn-1.61Cu-0.69Zr (wt.%) alloy containing highly conductive Cu (having conductivity of 18.9 MS/m, and shielding effectiveness of 84 dB (f=1.5 GHz)), while the alloy of the present disclosure has a lower total amount of alloying elements and low cost, and may maintain certain mechanical properties. An analysis of the structure of extruded alloys show that the alloys have undergone different degrees of dynamic recrystallization, and cause a small amount of mixed crystal structures of coarse grains and fine dynamic recrystallized grains. As shown in the figures, the fine particle-shaped second phases are distributed along the extrusion direction. A trace amount of the typical rare earth element Ce with low solid solubility in the Mg matrix is added to form the second phases with Zn, thus to decrease the solid solubility of a part of Zn in the Mg matrix, so that the lattice distortion is recovered and the conductivity is improved. Meanwhile, the addition of a trace amount of Cu with
5 17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU good conductivity in combination further decreases the solid solubility of Zn in the Mg matrix. The scattering effect of solute atoms on electron transmission is greatly suppressed, and the conductivity is further increased. On the other hand, the second phases formed by Ce and Cu with Zn respectively may provide more reflective interfaces to reflect and absorb electromagnetic waves. Under the integrated effects above, the electromagnetic shielding performance is improved. In addition, these second phases may also effectively reinforce the Mg matrix to make the alloy have desirable mechanical properties, thereby better meeting the application requirements in high-end fields.
[28] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to explain, rather than to limit the technical solutions of the present disclosure. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those ordinarily skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure should be all included within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure.
[29] It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
[301 In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.
6 17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU
Claims (2)
1. A deformed Mg alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance, wherein a composition of the Mg alloy is in weight percentage: 1.5-2.0 wt.% of Zn, 0.2-0.8 wt.% of Ce, 0.4-0.6 wt.% of Cu, and Mg and unavoidable impurities as the rest, and the impurities have a total amount of less than 0.1 wt.%.
2. A method for preparing the deformed Mg alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: a) alloy smelting and casting: using a semi-continuous casting method for casting, wherein an industrial pure Mg ingot, an industrial pure zinc ingot, a Mg-30% Ce master alloy and a Mg-20% Cu master alloy are used as raw materials; under protection of a mixed gas of SF6 and C02, the Mg ingot is put into a crucible to be melted and then heated to 730-750°C for slagging; the pure zinc ingot and the master alloys are added according to a ratio of the alloy composition; the master alloys are preheated at 150-200°C for 20-40 minutes before heating, pressed below a melt level quickly when being added, and stirred at a constant speed for 3-6 minutes after melting; after being stirred evenly and then stood at 730-750°C for 20-40 minutes, a scum on a surface of the melt is quickly fished out; when a temperature drops to 700-720°C, a resultant is casted in an iron mold at 200-300°C under protection of SF 6 and C02 gas; b) homogenizing: placing the casted casting in a heat treatment furnace at 370-410°C for homogenizing treatment, with a holding time of 8-13 h; c) hot extruding: preheating the homogenized ingot and an extrusion mold at 350-390°C for 1-2 hours before extruding, and an extrusion is conducted at 350-390°C with an extrusion ratio of 11.7:1 and an extrusion rate of 0.5-1.1 m/min.
7 17922984_1 (GHMatters) P116878.AU
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| AU2021104732A AU2021104732A4 (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Deformed magnesium alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| AU2021104732A AU2021104732A4 (en) | 2021-07-30 | 2021-07-30 | Deformed magnesium alloy with low cost, high conductivity and high electromagnetic shielding performance |
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2021
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