AU2021103489A4 - Wireless monitoring of pv module characteristics - Google Patents
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- AU2021103489A4 AU2021103489A4 AU2021103489A AU2021103489A AU2021103489A4 AU 2021103489 A4 AU2021103489 A4 AU 2021103489A4 AU 2021103489 A AU2021103489 A AU 2021103489A AU 2021103489 A AU2021103489 A AU 2021103489A AU 2021103489 A4 AU2021103489 A4 AU 2021103489A4
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001161843 Chandra Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
Wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
5 In an embodiment of the present disclosure, Wireless monitoring of PV module
characteristics is disclosed. The major objective of the present disclosure is to
measure a complete current voltage (1-V) curve within a short period of time in order
to characterize a PV module (100). In the present disclosure, combination of
electrolytic condenser (503), discharge resistor (504), microcontroller (400), irradiance
0 sensor (104), temperature sensor (105), on-board voltmeter (106), hall-effect sensor
(107), transmitter (200) unit, receiver (300) unit are predominantly used study the
characteristics of a low-cost PV module (100) under real working circumstances.
Further, the regular operation of the PV system is not disrupted when the characteristic
curve is monitored.
5 [TO BE PUBLISHED WITH FIGURE 5]
Dated this 2 0 th day of June 2021.
Digitally signed by Garimella
Garimella D cn=Garimella Raghu
Ch ndra cIN oPersonal Raghu Reason:Iam theauthorofthis
.0 Chandra Locaton:
(Digitally Signed)
Dr. Raghu Chandra Garimella
1/3
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1015 102 103
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100
Figure 1
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105 - 202
-- 0200
106 203
107 204
Figure 2
DigitGmyesignedbyGrimell
Description
1/3
101
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101
102 1015 103
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100
Figure 1
104 - 201
105 - 202 -- 0200 106 203
107 204
Figure 2
DigitGmyesignedbyGrimell
AUSTRALIA Patents Act 1990
The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present disclosure relates to Electrical and in particular, relates to wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, demand for renewable energy has grown as a result of energy crises and pollution of the environment. Solar energy has great potential in future to meet humanity's energy needs. Directly converting solar cells to electricity is a photovoltaic (PV) cell. The biggest benefit of solar power is that it is environmentally friendly, requires very little maintenance and doesn't have any fuel expense. The biggest hurdles in using Photovoltaic systems'full potential are the poor conversion efficiency (15-24%), the non-linear characteristic I-V and irradiance along with temperature sensitivity.
In order to evaluate PV systems performance it is required to assess the I-V characteristics. Ageing, dirt build-up on the surface and partial shade cause electrical properties to change. The electrical properties of the solar arrays can be accurately measured only by experimental measurements. The variable resistance is the easiest approach for this purpose. The array is connected directly to a variable load in this .0 method. The charging resistance is altered in various stages from zero to infinity, and the characteristic curve is drawn using the current and the voltage data. This is an extremely cruel yet cost-effective way to approximate the module's performance in the future region. The second significant way for determining the characteristic curve of a PV system is the capacitor with high quality condensers (with low series resistance equivalents). The apparent resistance to the condenser varies from zero to infinity throughout the charge development. The external condenser operates as a variable load, thus readily obtaining the characteristic curve. In another system, an electronic power MOSFET is used and the use of a low frequency ramp on the entrance changes its resistance. In its three modes - cutting off, saturation and triod - the transistor is operated. The electrical parameters of the system are monitored in this setup both in the opposite and in the forward region. The electrical curve of the PV system may also be tracked by adjusting the working cycle of the DC-DC converter in range [0,1].
Regarding data transmission mechanism conventional wired data transfer monitoring system offers a dependable option for data transfer but is subject to a number of constraints. Besides the physical limitations of data cables, installing and maintaining costs are also increased by the usage of these cables. In addition, continual exposure to the sun and rain might limit the lifecycle of the system in outside applications such as PV module. The wireless monitoring system is recommended over its cable-driven version to solve these problems.
One common element in the above methods is that they normally interfere with the regular function of the PV systems, and a certain plan may be either costly or disinfectant which cannot often be done. It is therefore, vital to establish a way to evaluate the electrical features of a PV system first quickly. In the present invention, a wireless monitoring system methodology which traces the I-V curve of a PV module from on-site data, without disrupting the system's ordinary operation is disclosed, which fulfills need of the hour in the society.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The summary is provided to introduce an overview of the invention, Wireless monitoring of PV module (100) characteristics and components involved in it. This .0 summary is neither intended to address the key functioning and working of the invention nor the scope of the invention.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, Wireless monitoring of PV module (100) characteristics is disclosed. In the present disclosure, voltage is measured at the positive and negative terminals of PV module (100) directly in measurement circuit (Figure 5). Further, the proposed system predominantly comprises of a server system (505), microcontroller (400), differential voltage sensor (106) for PV module (100) level attenuation ratio 20:1, hall-effect sensor (107), secondary standard silicon mono crystalline-cell pyranometer based irradiance sensor (104), and ambient temperature thermistor based temperature sensor (105). In addition, the measurement circuit of the proposed system comprises of condenser power breaker (501), resistive power breaker (502), electrolytic condenser (503), and a discharge resistor (504). Moreover, the electrolytic condenser (503) is used for curve tracking.
In the embodiment, the electrolytic condenser (503) is connected to the PV module (100) through the condenser power breaker (501). Further, the discharge resistor (504) is connected through resistive power breaker (502) as a load to the electrolytic condenser (503). Subsequently, care has been taken to have about few meters length for cables in the proposed test setup to make voltage drop negligible. Moreover, PV module (100) 1-V characteristics are measured during the charging and discharging conditions of electrolytic condenser (503) under standard test conditions considering natural sunlight. Thereafter, data transmission to the server system (505) is carried out through the developed wireless monitoring system using transmitter (200) and receiver (300) units.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The features, characteristics and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be better understood when the following detailed explanation is read with respect to the corresponding drawings, in which references indicate similar elements as sections of the drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 portrays the isometric view of PV module (100) system devised and components connected to it, as per the embodiment of present disclosure. .0 Figure 2 portrays the functional arrangement of transmitter (200) unit employed, as per the embodiment of present disclosure.
Figure 3 portrays the operational formulation of receiver (300) unit employed, as per the embodiment of present disclosure.
Figure 4 describes the microcontroller (400) unit exercised, as per the embodiment of present disclosure.
Figure 5 elucidates the proposed functional diagram for monitoring the characteristic curve of a PV module (100), as per the embodiment of present disclosure.
Moreover, professional artisans may understand that elements in the sketches are depicted for ease, and may not actually have been drawn to scale. Further, in terms of development of the system, one or more components of a device might have depicted in the drawings. In addition, drawings may provide only those particular details, which are essential to understand the embodiments of present invention, and not to complicate the details, which will be readily noticeable to those of ordinary expertise in the art having advantage of the description herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The information provided contains references to the corresponding sketches or drawings, which are a part of the detailed description. The sketches or drawings depict illustrations in proportion to the example embodiments. All such sample embodiments, which may also be referred to as "examples" herein, are defined in appropriate detail to enable those expertise to exercise the present subject matter. It may, however, be noticeable to one with ordinary ability in the art that the present innovation can be practiced without these details. In other instances, the approaches, procedures and components have not been defined in depth so that aspects of the embodiments were not unnecessarily obscured. It is possible to combine the embodiments, to use other embodiments, or to make structural, logical and design modifications without departing from the scope of the claims. Therefore, the following detailed description is not to be considered in a generic way, and the scope is defined by the associated claims and .0 their equivalents.
Reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the sketches or drawings for facilitating an awareness about principle concepts of the invention and specific terminology will be used to explain the same. Nonetheless, it should be noted that no restriction is contemplated for the scope of the invention, such alterations and further improvements in the illustrated mechanism are being contemplated. Applications of principles of the invention as summarized therein will usually happen to one expertise in the practice to whom the invention relates.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the aforementioned general description and the following detailed description is referential for this invention and therefore is not supposed to limit it.
All appearances of the term "in an embodiment," "the embodiment" and related terminology in this specification may not belong to the same embodiment, although not explicitly mentioned.
All scientific and technical terminology used herein, unless otherwise described, have the similar meaning as generally recognized by one to which this invention belongs. The system, techniques, and examples mentioned herein are merely illustrative and not intended to be restrictive.
The use of the phrases and/or terms "dc" or "DC" in the specification thereof refers to "Direct Current", "PV" in the specification thereof refers to "photovoltaic", "-V" in the specification thereof refers to "Current versus Voltage", "MOSFET" in the specification thereof refers to "metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor", "kbps" in the specification thereof refers to "kilobits per second", "Rx" in the specification thereof refers to "receive data", "Tx" in the specification thereof refers to "transmit data", "PWM" in the specification thereof refers to "Pulse-width modulation", "gnd" in the specification thereof refers to "ground", "Vcc" in the specification thereof refers to "Voltage Common Collector", respectively.
.0 The embodiment of present invention with reference to the corresponding sketches or drawings will be listed in more detail below.
Figure 1 portrays the isometric view of PV module (100) system devised and components connected to it, incorporated in the embodiment of wireless monitoring of PV module (100) characteristics. In the present disclosure, solar cells (101) made up of polycrystalline material are positioned together to make solar panels (102). Further, a silicon based diode (103) is connected to each solar panel (102) making the current flow unidirectional.
In the embodiment, an irradiance sensor (104) is used to measure the solar radiation falls on the flat surface of solar panels (102). Further, a temperature sensor (105) is used to measure the PV module (100) temperature. In addition, a resistive potential divider based on-board voltmeter (106) is used for direct voltage measurement across
PV module (100). Subsequently, a hall-effect sensor (107) is used to measure the magnitude of current in the PV module (100).
Figure 2 portrays the functional arrangement of transmitter (200) unit employed, incorporated in the embodiment of wireless monitoring of PV module (100) characteristics. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, data communication from PV module (100) to transmitter (200) unit is performed using logging points of transmitter (200). Further, irradiance recorded (201) gets the value from the point of contact of irradiance sensor (104), temperature recorded (202) gets the value from the point of contact of temperature sensor (105), voltage recorded (203) gets the value from the point of contact of on-board voltmeter (106), and hall-effect current recorded (204) gets the value from the point of contact of hall-effect sensor (107), respectively.
Figure 3 portrays the operational formulation of receiver (300) unit employed, incorporated in the embodiment of wireless monitoring of PV module (100) characteristics. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, data communication between logging point of transmitter (200) and main base of receiver (300) is performed through Zigbee protocols. Further, the data rates of about 250 kbps are handled by the proposed system, i.e. in 1 minute, the data transmitted to the main .0 server system (505) is about 250 bits. Moreover, data from logging point of transmitter (200) is transmitted in the form of ASCII strings. Subsequently, the data string is forwarded and processed to the main server system (505) database. Further, the identified data is also stored in an Excel file with its designated column in the server system (505).
Figure 4 describes the microcontroller (400) unit exercised, incorporated in the embodiment of wireless monitoring of PV module (100) characteristics. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, microcontroller (400) is used for controlling the transmitter (200) unit and receiver (300) unit to transmit the data wirelessly. The microcontroller (400) unit typically comprises of total 28 pins, in which, 14 digital pins (402 to 406 and 411 to 419), one (01) reset pin (401), two (02) crystal pins (409 and 410), four (04) power pins (407, 408, 420, 422) and seven (07) Analog pins (421, 423 to 428).
Figure 5 elucidates the proposed functional diagram for monitoring the characteristic curve of a PV module (100), as per the embodiment of present disclosure. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the measurement circuit consists of condenser power breaker (501), resistive power breaker (502), electrolytic condenser (503), and discharge resistor (504). Further, the data collected from logging sensors (104 to 107) from the PV module (100) is transmitted from the transmitter (200) unit to the receiver (300) unit through the microcontroller (400). Subsequently, the live I-V characteristic data of the PV module (100) is transferred to the sever system (505) for monitoring purpose.
Listing of reference numerals 100 - PV module; 101 - solar cell(s); 102 - solar panel(s); 103 - diode(s); 104 irradiance sensor; 105 - temperature sensor; 106 - on-board voltmeter; 107 - hall effect sensor; 200 - transmitter; 201 - irradiance recorded; 202 - temperature recorded; 203 - voltage recorded; 204 - hall-effect current recorded; 300 - receiver; 400 - microcontroller; 401 - reset; 402 - digital pin 0 (Rx); 403 - digital pin 1 (Tx); 404 - digital pin 2; 405 - digital pin 3 (PWM); 406 - digital pin 4; 407 - Vcc; 408 - gnd; 409 - crystal 1; 410 - crystal 2; 411 - digital pin 5 (PWM); 412 - digital pin 6 (PWM); 413 - digital pin 7; 414 - digital pin 8; 415 - digital pin 9 (PWM); 416 - digital pin 10 .0 (PWM); 417 - digital pin 11 (PWM); 418 - digital pin 12; 419 - digital pin 13; 420 Vcc; 421 - analog pin; 422 - gnd; 423 - analog input 0; 424 - analog input 1; 425 analog input 2; 426 - analog input 3; 427 - analog input 4; 428 - analog input 5; 501 - condenser power breaker; 502 - resistive power breaker; 503 - electrolytic condenser; 504 - discharge resistor; 505 - server system.
Dated this 2 0 th day of June 2021. Digitally signed by Garoella Garimella DO: ara Raghn handra cIN oPesonal Raghu Reason:lamtheauthor of this document Chandra (Digitally Signed) Dr. Raghu Chandra Garimella
Claims (5)
1. Wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics comprising: PV module (100), wherein, solar photovoltaic energy conversion occurs; irradiance sensor (104), wherein, solar irradiance of PV module (100) is identified; temperature sensor (105), wherein, temperature of PV module (100) is detected; on-board voltmeter (106), wherein, the voltage across PV module (100) is calculated; hall-effect sensor (107), wherein, the hall current flowing through PV module (100) is measured; transmitter (200), wherein, the wireless data transmission related to I-V characteristics of PV module (100) occurs; receiver (300), wherein, the wireless data communicated by transmitter (200) unit is collected; microcontroller (400), wherein, controlling the transmitter (200) unit and receiver (300) unit to transmit the data wirelessly occurs; server system (505), wherein, storage of PV module (100) I-V characteristic data happens.
2. Wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics according to claim 1, wherein, solar cells (101) of PV module (100) are made up of polycrystalline material.
3. Wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics according to claim 1 and claim 2, wherein, the data collected from logging sensors (104 to 107) from the PV module (100) is transmitted from the transmitter (200) unit to the receiver (300) unit through the microcontroller (400).
4. Wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics according to claim 1, wherein, PV module (100) I-V characteristics are measured during the charging and discharging conditions of electrolytic condenser (503) under standard test conditions considering natural sunlight.
5. Wireless monitoring of PV module characteristics according to claim 1 and cliam 4, wherein, electrolytic condenser (503) is used for curve tracking.
Dated this 20th day of June 2021. Digitally signed by Garimelia Ragh
Garimella CN;on=GarimellaRaghuhandra N
Raghu Chandra °Re mnaanyeroetnido-nt
Date 2021-06-20 10:08+05:30
(Digitally Signed) Dr. Raghu Chandra Garimella
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021103489A AU2021103489A4 (en) | 2021-06-20 | 2021-06-20 | Wireless monitoring of pv module characteristics |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2021103489A AU2021103489A4 (en) | 2021-06-20 | 2021-06-20 | Wireless monitoring of pv module characteristics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| AU2021103489A4 true AU2021103489A4 (en) | 2022-04-07 |
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| AU2021103489A Ceased AU2021103489A4 (en) | 2021-06-20 | 2021-06-20 | Wireless monitoring of pv module characteristics |
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| AU (1) | AU2021103489A4 (en) |
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2021
- 2021-06-20 AU AU2021103489A patent/AU2021103489A4/en not_active Ceased
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| HB | Alteration of name in register |
Owner name: MADETI, S.R. Free format text: FORMER NAME(S): GARIMELLA, RAGHU ; MADETI, SIVA Owner name: GARIMELLA, R.C. Free format text: FORMER NAME(S): GARIMELLA, RAGHU ; MADETI, SIVA |
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| FGI | Letters patent sealed or granted (innovation patent) | ||
| MK22 | Patent ceased section 143a(d), or expired - non payment of renewal fee or expiry |