AU2021101590A4 - Realtime signal generators for cellular jammer with dynamic switching of frequency bands - Google Patents

Abstract

A signal generator system for cellular jamming. The signal generator produces signals that are perfectly periodic as they involve local oscillators. Changing or switching between different frequencies is performed by selecting a pseudo-random frequency spreading. The system involves the dynamic switching between the dominant frequency bands that is been used. A list of channels that are allowed to be populated as the allowed sub-bands is populated. A real-time signal detector for the detection of packets to be received in wireless networks is used. A cross-correlator computes the real-time cross-correlation co-efficient. REAL-TIME SIGNAL GENERATORS FOR CELLULAR JAMMER WITH DYNAMIC SWITCHING OF FREQUENCY BANDS Diagram TEMPLATE COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY * AZIMUTH MODULATION a PHASE PHASE PHASE *MODULATION IN MODULATION IN MODULATION IN1 * AMPLITUDE AMITUDE AMPLITUDE * ADDER L------------------------------------------------I MODULATION SIGNAL Figure 1. Diagram explaining the jamming algorithm.

Description

REAL-TIME SIGNAL GENERATORS FOR CELLULAR JAMMER WITH DYNAMIC SWITCHING OF FREQUENCY BANDS

Diagram

TEMPLATE COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY * AZIMUTH MODULATION

a PHASE PHASE PHASE

*MODULATION IN * AMPLITUDE MODULATION IN AMITUDE MODULATION AMPLITUDE IN1

* ADDER L------------------------------------------------I MODULATION SIGNAL

Figure 1. Diagram explaining the jamming algorithm.

REAL-TIME SIGNAL GENERATORS FOR CELLULAR JAMMER WITH DYNAMIC SWITCHING OF FREQUENCY BANDS

Description

Field of the Invention:

This invention is involved in the buildout of a signal generator system for cellular jamming. The system involves the dynamic switching between the dominant frequency bands that is been used. This invention uses the real-time signal detector for the detection of packets to be received in wireless networks.

Background of the Invention:

The up-gradation and progression in wireless technologies had led to a prominent change that benefits the lives of people. This includes WIA (Wireless Internet Access), gaming, messaging, etc. It also provides up-gradation in the systems related to cyber-physical applications, especially in smart grids. The smart grids are those that are proposed for the delivery of messages in an efficient manner in wireless networks. It also provides intelligence in various mechanisms that include a response for the demand, protection of the relay, and management of the dynamic energy. The process of intentionally making the receiver of the victim for its operational deny by sending electromagnetic waves that are powerful is called jamming. The jamming may also occur unintentionally because of interference, a collision in the receiver end, noise, etc. The attack using the jammer is more effective because of 1. It does not need any special hardware for launching, 2. It requires listening to open source, 3. It broadcasts the same frequency in the network, and 4. It is very cost-effective when wisely launched. The jamming attacks are mainly focused on the physical layer concerning the machinery. This helps in the realization of signals of high power for transmission thus corrupting the communication link.

Tai et al proposed a jamming method especially for targeting ISAR. They created a two-dimensional FM (Frequency Modulation) template to target true ISAR images. The modulated signal relates to the frequency of the frequency limit of the template is obtained using the digital synthesizer. They created the modulated signal parallel to algorithm acceleration. The range of the modulated signal is obtained by adding the adjustment made in amplitude and the modulation mode at the Doppler phase.

Then they derived the jamming signal by obtaining the product from the modulated signal and the radar signals that are intercepted. They used the properties of the linear FM and FM signals to create false targets after analyzing ISAR images. The results gave them to conclude that the proposed method can be used in real-time applications when the false target structure is simple. They separated the real-time and offline image stages when the template consists of more scatters. This helps in fulfilling the parameters after obtaining parameters from the radar.

Sai et al presented the design of a smart jammer for 4G signals. They designed it especially for bands 3 and 40 that are used predominantly in our country. They analyzed their design using the MATLAB Simulink. This tool provided more accurate results than that of real-time. Their main aim is to receive 4G signals, add noise and then increase the signal amplitude. Their design is made unique by using the blocks enabled with trigger and full-wave rectifiers. The circuitry added to the full-wave rectifier triggers the jammer. The jammer contains the noise and the gain block. The design has the main advantage of saving power consumption. Thus their detector and trigger circuit incorporation confirms the power saving in the jammer. Their result gave them a clear view of its applications. The designed jammer can be used in places where telecommunication signals have nothing to deal with.

Lu et al modeled and designed the jamming attacks detection for time-critical wireless network applications. The metrics for orientation of the packet in the communication network used for measuring the performance of the network are throughput and packet loss. But they introduced a new metric namely message invalidation ratio to measure the performance in time-critical applications. They were inspired by the behavior of the jammer and gambler. This gave them out-of box ideas and thus by using them they designed a gambling-based model. The real time experimental results showed them that a transition of phase is existing for the successful delivery of time-critical messages for numerous jamming attack varieties. They designed in such a way that when the packet jamming probability increases from 0 to 1, the ratio of message invalidation increases drastically to 1. They developed the JADE (Jamming Attack Detection based on Estimation) scheme. This has been developed to achieve detection of jamming robustly and for implementation of Jamming Attack Detection based on Estimation in wireless networks.

Shiskin et al modeled a reactive jamming device with the available hardware. The design of the jamming device for the real-time applications included the signal detector for detecting the packets received in the wireless networks. The jammer is designed to send a signal to trigger when there are an event detection and a response to the jammer generator that generates the signal forjamming. They designed in such a way that there is a presence of a few milliseconds delay for achieving jamming in a particular location of the packet received in the wireless network. They tested the jammer effect on the Wi-Fi and WiMAX and demonstrated their performance using the software tool.

McFarland et al proposed a technique to perform channel switching. There are many promulgated standards for defining the operation of wireless devices at particular frequency bands. The five gigahertz spectrum is of dominance for performing some specific operations in this spectrum as the frequency of operation of radar is at this spectrum. Thus for the application to avoid interference, should be capable of avoiding the channels used by the radar. Thus they developed a technique for performing the scanning and detection of the radar and evaluate for the backup channel for switching purposes. Then the technique performs the channel swiftly. They design this advantageous technique under the standards of DFS. From the results, they concluded that the delay must be minimized.

Li et al formulated the best response for the optimization problem in the jamming technique. The jammer is a piece of equipment that jams the signal channel in WSN. The jamming probability and the range of transmission are controlled by the jammer. These factors cause damage at the maximum when the communication link is corrupted. The action of the jammer gets ceased when it is caught by the monitoring nodes in the network. These nodes send a notification message outside the region of transmission. The monitoring node detects the jammer by performing a test optimally and it is based on the incurred collision percentage. The probability of the jamming should be informed to the network also. They studied the cases ideal in knowledge for both network and the jammer for the same strategy. They also described the parameter where they lack knowledge. This study helped them in developing the formulation and for solving problems related to optimization. They considered the disadvantages of the network and the jammer. They also considered the jammer's energy constraints and the adaptable transmission range of the jamming. This led them to develop an innovative jamming strategy. Chiang et al proposed a broadcast jamming method which is based on binary key tree and spread spectrum. From the theoretical analysis, they concluded that the jammers can be used for limited loss numbers. They developed a scheme for dynamic tree remerging and found it to obtain high efficiency of power. This is done by keeping the number of codes to be constant irrespective of the receiver's number. From the results, they were able to make the statement that under certain restrictions due to realistic circumstances, the system had to use a minimum of one code extra to escape from jamming. They also examined the false rates for alarm that included both theoretical results and experimental results. They finally made a detailed analysis of the system using MATLAB and ns-2 simulators. The results obtained from the simulators demonstrated that the proposed method has all the possible improved performance. Objects of the Invention: 1. This invention is involved in the buildout of a signal generator system for cellular jamming. The signal generator is made out of the control system that is responsible for controlling the signal production in the system. 2. The system involves the dynamic switching between the dominant frequency bands that is been used. This populates the list of channels that are allowed to be populated as the allowed sub-bands. 3. This invention uses the real-time signal detector for the detection of packets to be received in wireless networks. The real-time signal detector is made of a cross-correlator that computes the real-time cross-correlation co-efficient. Summary of the Invention: The proposed inventions consist of the antenna which collects the signal from the surrounding environment and transmits it to the microcontroller. The frequency filter ensures the separation of jammed signals. These jammed signals are provided as an input signal to the modulator circuit, triggers the modulator. The random noise signal present in the modulator is capable of modulating the input signal. The output signal of the modulating circuit undergoes the amplification process. This signal is jammed as the electronic devices make use of these amplified signals instead of using original signals.

The proposed system model includes detection, triggering, and jamming parts. The mobile signal which is provided by the sine wave generator is included in the circuit model. Several subsystems are employed for the detection circuit, triggering circuit, and jammer circuit separately. Powers GUI block and time scopes are also included in the circuit block. Depending on the bandwidth of the signal, the signal entering the filtering process is detected with the subsystem and filter. Uplink frequencies and downlink frequencies are filtered using distinct filters based on the band value. Uplink frequencies are responsible for triggering the circuit when the uplink frequencies are provided as an input, then it correspondingly produces the constant DC voltage. After undergoing the amplification process, the downlink frequencies are associated with the noise for the transmission of data. DC supply, a switch, and a full-wave rectifier are required to trigger the proposed circuit model. The input voltage value is compared with the fixed threshold value using the switch which acts as a comparator. The switch is linked with the output supply voltage when the threshold value is higher than the input value. After the filtering process, the signal is permitted to enter into the full-wave rectifier. The voltage triggering circuit empowers the jamming circuit which further authorizes the subsystem is amplified and added the noise to the transmitting signals. The jamming circuit remains inactive until it receives the triggering pulse signals. The frequency signals after passing through the filter it can trigger the triggering circuit which further enables the jammer circuit. In this process, the power requirement is very low. The filter is inbuilt with the detector circuit is capable of tuning the uplink and downlink frequencies. The detection circuits in the filter consist of stopband and passband frequencies. Detailed description of the Invention: The proposed invention is intended for the development of a cellular-cellular jammer. The standardized signal is produced with the reactive system so that it can enable the faster detection of signals. Reduction in detection time and delay in transmission is provided by the inventors via the flexible system model. The full duplex transmission is achieved with the support of a few front-ends. A central position is provided for tuning frequencies in the agile transceiver board. A various high-speed value with the wireless standards is included in the development of the reactive jamming. During the functioning of the jammer, the switching time between the receiver and transmitter is reduced. Initially, the inventors are responsible for producing the receiver and transmitter chain simultaneously. Field programmable gate array hardware includes the functioning of packet detection, triggering filtering, and transmit-to-jam operation and this hardware enable the high-level controlling of the host. During signal processing, host-side interaction is effectively managed. The jamming waveforms are attained via the transmission of data which is controlled by the custom core. To enable a standardized detection and setting of the jammer, it depends on the several jammer parameters namely, gain, delay, jammer uptime, and waveforms attained. The jammer setting is dynamically accessible and this proposed approach is varying for various host applications. The hardware system consists of a high sampling rate to increase the flexible rate.

The multi-critical locations are permitted by the hardware driver for the DSP operation in the digital down-conversion chain. The hardware driver provides a custom packet detector and a jamming controller are linked within the digital down conversion chain model. The proposed system model consists of a custom core with the cross-correlator, energy differentiator, controlling of antenna, and jammer. The custom DSP core is controlled in a unidirectional way using the user-interference bus that is available in the DSP custom model. The host can directly access the custom DSP core. The signal detection and triggering of the jammer are achieved via the custom DSP core only the received signal passes through the down conversion, decimation, and filtering process.

The functional blocks of the proposed architectural model include the cross correlator, and variation in the energy level, jamming detector, and jamming generator. Synchronization of internal time is carried with the countable small-sized logic block which is included in the custom DSP core and is even responsible for controlling the input and outputs. The user-defined operation is performed with the received RF signal. The hardware is implemented with the input and output signals in association with the custom DSP core. The user register bus provides the secured host control path for the custom core. The user register bus consists of both the 32 bit bus and 8-bit address bus. It enables connection in between the user register bus, and custom user register's program mainly to prevent the custom DSP core. The coefficient of cross-correlator and threshold detection is provided with the updated run-time to enable an efficient user registration with the support of jammer settings, and controlled antenna signals.

Accurate jamming in the contemporaneous application is achieved using the signal detection system by reducing the effect of false detection and enables the system flexibility. Initially, the signal detection processing is performed on the field programmable gate array. The host performance on the field-programmable gate array has an increased speed detector and evaluation of operation timing. To achieve high-speed precision in detecting the signals by operating the energy differentiator and cross-correlator in the parallel connection. Depending on the template-detection, the cross-correlation allows the performance of a single wireless standard packet on the platform. The frequency band obtained via the wireless activity is identified through the performance coarse-grained energy detector. The signal is identified at the run-time enables the controlled path for the logic detection.

The inventors make use of the extracted cross-correlator information to enable a significant method of synchronization and fine-grained detection. With the phase correlator with the phase resolution using the sign bits, the hardware design is implemented. Custom logic is combined with the cross-correlation DSP core in developing an exemplary embodiment framework. Correlation of base-band is achieved in opposition with the cross-correlation coefficients template. Based on the wireless standard preambles or low-entropy portions, the host obtains the coefficients in an offline mode. The output obtained from this process is considered to be confidence -weighted phase correlator output; later this output is compared with the user-selected threshold for effective decision making. The user-defined correlation coefficients at the run-time promote the host-side applications via the user registered bus with the modification in the cross-correlation core by the inventors. This signal processing permits the host application as long as the preset preamble value or low-entropy portion is known to the user to identify the signals.

The energy value is determined through the comparative analysis of the past and present energy samples. This estimation of energy value keeps on proceeding by the user-defined threshold to identify the energy level is high or low. The energy range is altered by the user and detected the corresponding increasing and decreasing energy changes. If there is no availability of cross-correlation coefficients, then the difference in the energy values generates the channel occupancy status.

In a real-time system response, the jammer triggering function immediately operated the reactive jammer. Within the user allotted time interval, the hardware state machine consists of a combination of three triggering events. White Gaussian Noise signal received samples, and waveform to transmit buffer are the various user selectable waveforms. Among these waveforms, one of the waveforms is chosen for triggering the jammer operation. A location that is jammed is enabled by the triggering detection by the user-defined delay choice. The time in between the detection triggering and response of triggering is very short as the detection and reaction function is executed in the field-programmable gate array hardware. A single clock cycle is required for triggering the detection process is initiated with the response of RF jamming. To perform the digital up-conversion chain (DUC), more clock cycles are needed is demonstrated with the jamming waveforms. The signals are detected and jammed over the air packets with the hardware clock. The development of the detector depends on the limited turnaround time. The response time is high at the energy differentiator based on the triggering threshold, signal ram up time, and power of received signals.

The programmable-based custom is executed by the inventors in configuring the jammer. The user is permitted to control the detection types and their corresponding jamming reaction at the run-time by the reactive jammer. The stack driver collects the user inputs and also provides the user-defined functions with the custom DSP core and RF signals. An autonomous jamming operation is achieved via the modified interface to have potential host-side processing applications. Evaluation of the reactive jamming platform and its performance ability depending on the hardware cycles, different detection, and jamming operations are timelined. The system requires a minimum time to detect the high energy range and vice versa. To enable an active transmission process, cross-correlation detection time, the time required for jammer transmitting pipeline, and jamming duration are more essential in setting up the jammer.

The triggering of the circuit depends on the frequency-based band with a low energy value. If the threshold value is assigned to be low then correspondingly time duration for this process will also be shorter. The hardware of the cross-correlator involved in the performance of the phase correlation with the obtained samples. The cross correlation detection is triggered through the transmission of sample data is provided by the preamble design. The jamming process is started only after the performance of detection triggering followed by the chain transmission. The energy detection and cross-correlation detection implemented within the system reduces the response time. The users are allowed to fix the jamming duration. The occurrence of custom delay to the particular region support in initializing the jammer in that respective location. This is more significant in performance in attaining the critical information via the wireless channel estimation.

The Wi-Fi transmission method has improved the performance of signal detection. Short preambles and long preambles are the classifications of cross-correlator in association with the Wi-Fi preambles. The cross-correlator combined with the Wi Fi preambles is tested includes Wi-Fi model with short preambles, Wi-Fi mode with long preambles, signal symbol, payload, and finally, pseudo-frames with either short or long preambles. A wired link is provided to separate the environmental effects and improve the ability to measure the SNR at the receiver side. The reactive jammer aims to develop a wireless network with high speed in association with the preambles. The jammer enables the interaction among the various networks and controls the network traffic in different channel situations. The proposed system model enables a countermeasure over air physical layer attacks. Thus, the transmission signals are jammed using the reactive jammer device in a wireless network mode includes detection of the received signals by the signal detector, after the detection jamming devices produce the triggering signal, and triggering signals are acquired by the jamming generator permits the users to jam a particular location with the proposed system model.

Claims (3)

REAL-TIME SIGNAL GENERATORS FOR CELLULAR JAMMER WITH DYNAMIC SWITCHING OF FREQUENCY BANDS Claims: The invention is focussed mainly on the development of the cellular jammer and it has the following claims:

1. This invention is involved in the buildout of a signal generator system for cellular jamming. The signal generator is made out of the control system that is responsible for controlling the signal production in the system. i. From claim 1, the signal generator produces signals that are perfectly periodic as they involve local oscillators.

2. The system involves the dynamic switching between the dominant frequency bands that is been used. This populates the list of channels that are allowed to be populated as the allowed sub-bands. ii. From claim 2, the changing or switching between different frequencies is performed by selecting a pseudo-random frequency spreading.

3. This invention uses the real-time signal detector for the detection of packets to be received in wireless networks. The real-time signal detector is made of a cross-correlator that computes the real-time cross-correlation co-efficient.

REAL-TIME SIGNAL GENERATORS FOR CELLULAR JAMMER WITH 28 Mar 2021

DYNAMIC SWITCHING OF FREQUENCY BANDS

Diagram 2021101590

Figure 1. Diagram explaining the jamming algorithm.

Figure 2. Modulated signal generator.

Figure 3. Jammer with time intervals.

Figure 4: Periodic jamming.